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AufflPST 10, 1848. THE NORTHERN STAR. « ...
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itoetrg*
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"""'"" THE LiMEST 02 O'SSIYE.
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— __ B literal translation of the origin...
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fFeerflathR O'Gnlamh was family Olamh or...
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Sow dinsm'd is the glory that circled tb...
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THE BOHAN TTBANT. II XDWM SILT. . 1 Tear...
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5IMM0XDSS COLONIAL MAGAZINE. Lon - don :...
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* Goll;!!9—a r;»tne of M'.Rsias, f XiiL—...
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Emigrant ' s Guide to New South Wales Pr...
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The Republican. August. London: J. Watso...
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The Truth Teller. No. 2. Stalybridge: B....
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AnnEsr op Mr Gammase.—Another deed of vi...
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THL PMSPH^OY IN LIVERPOOL.-COM
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A priest, in a rich abbey in Florence, n...
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jftttte anfl jfamfes.
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RIGHT 6F rflOFBfiTr IN WIND. Water mills...
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Poeta ara a joyoua race I O'er the laujh...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Aufflpst 10, 1848. The Northern Star. « ...
_AufflPST 10 , 1848 . THE NORTHERN STAR . _« _^ _^ , ——— _^ ———- _^—w- _^ _q _^ p » J »» m _^»»» _j « _J——^ _^_ . _ _ . _ _, ¦ mmii i _**
Itoetrg*
itoetrg *
"""'"" The Limest 02 O'Ssiye.
_"""'" " THE LiMEST 02 _O'SSIYE .
— __ B Literal Translation Of The Origin...
— ___ B literal translation of the original Irish la ' O'Cannor ' s _Dissertations on Irish _Bistory . ) ST . _JEKEKUS JOSEPH _CALbAKAX ,
Ffeerflathr O'Gnlamh Was Family Olamh Or...
fFeerflathR _O'Gnlamh was family Olamh or _Barfl , to jjj 6 O 'Neill of _Clanaboy about the year 1556 . The poem _af which the following Hues are the translation , _com-^ _tnces wi . b , ' Ua tkniagh mar alaid GoadM . ']
Sow Dinsm'd Is The Glory That Circled Tb...
Sow _dinsm'd is the glory that circled tbe Gael , And _fall _' n the high people of green Ianitfail , The sword of the Saxon is red with their gore , And the mighty of nations Ib mighty no more . like a bark on the _oesao long _ghalUrtd and to & t , On the land of your fathers at length you are lost , The hand of the spoiler is stretched on your plaint , And you ' re _doom'd from your cradles to bondage and chains . O where is the beauty that beam'd on thy ferow ! Strong hand iH the battle , how weak art _the-a now ! That heart is now broken that never would quail , And thy _high tonga are turned into weeping and wall . Bright shades , of our sires I from your homes in the ikies , 0 blast not your sons with the scorn of _yow eye * 2 Proud epirit ef _Gollemh * how red is thy cheek , For thy freemen are slaves , _aniJ thy mighty are weak ! O'NtUl j of the Hostages ; Can J whose high name On a hundred red battles has floated to fame , bet the long grass still sigh undisturbed o'er thy ileep , Arise net to shame us . aweke not to weep I
Inthj broad wing of _dukntss Infold us , O night , ¦ Wi thhold , 0 _bright sun , the reproach of thy light , for freedom or valour no more canst thou see , la the horns of the brave , 5 n tha iileof the free . Affliction ' s dark waters your spirits have _bow'd , And oppression hath wrapped ail your lasd in Its _throus , _Bbce first from the _Brehomv _^ pure Justice you strayed , And bent to those laws the proud Saxon has made . "We know not on * country , to strange it her face ,
Her sons once ker glory ere now her disgrace , Gone , gone U the _beasty of fair Inniifail , _^ Por the stranger now rules in the land of the Gael . "Where , where ere the woods that oft rang to your cheer , Where yon waked the wild ehase of the wolf and the deer ? Can those d * rk height * , with rampsftt mil frowning and riven , Be tho hills where your forests wav'd brightly in heaven t
6 bondsmen of E gypt , no Moses appears , To light your dark steps thro' this desert sf tears , Degraded and lost ones , no Hector is nigh , To lead yon to freedom , to teach yoa te die !
The Bohan Ttbant. Ii Xdwm Silt. . 1 Tear...
THE BOHAN _TTBANT . II XDWM SILT . . 1 Tear the braad from the trembling hand , Of the terror-stricken slave ; Bash to the earth the falliBg serf , Thatdtred our _taaadates brave . Drown iabloed hit clamour for food , To dungeons bear him away , Stifle hit cry of _arony , And _ta _Tultoei give his clay . Shall subjects dare the red ana bare , Despite our royal decree ; That free and thrall , _ihoaldpreatrate fall ,
And meeMj bend the knee * Hurrah ! we ride o ' er the crimton _tida 'Sang Tutu , queen sf yore "Withotit lefione—tho' her lira ' s cone , Her wax-steeds splashed with gore . But Tarqula ' e race of despots base , Soon ceased to rule in Borne ; The people ' s might proclaimed the right To crash a tyrant ' s throne . And oft since then , when men were mem , And despots ruled with hate , Hath kingcraft bowed beneath a cloud , While freedom stood elate .
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5imm0xdss Colonial Magazine. Lon - Don :...
5 IMM 0 _XDSS COLONIAL MAGAZINE . Lon - don : Simraonds and Co ., Barge-yard , Bucklers bury , It is a considerable time since we last noticed this fiiagazine , which has now completed its fourteenth _rolmne . A perusal of the principal contents of the _recent numbers , has satisfied us that there ia no falling off in thet 3 ient and _parae-taking' industry of the editor , which often , ere now , we have justly prateed . 2 _fo comer ofthe world bat is ransacked bj Mr _SimrnoEds for information on ail subjects of interest to the Tery nnsieraas _elass who are directly or indirectly interested in the progress of ' out Colonial Empire , ' and the welfare ofthe . deniKnBof those far distant and almost _boundles _? regions .
'Emigration' is a leading subject in the page * of this _magazine , and numerous are the ' voices' from Australia ) tbe Cape of Good Hope , and other _colonies , whose appeals to the distressed classes of this country to cross the water are eloquent enough , in their way . Not approving of emigration—although _ttBsuQild bs sorry _ta _Btand in the way of any maa bettering his condition—we shall not occupy oar _Bpaes _witb . any diserusion . of the several statements put forth in description and praise of the various ' happy Tallies' to which the tax-ridden , Buffering _p & ople ef this country are invited to _totafee them * _Eelws . Suffice it to say , that much valuable infortnatiOH t 3 persons intending to emigrate will be found in _mostnumBsr « of this _magat-ne .
_AEiongst the valuable statistical and historical paper * , for which this magazine is celebrated , we notice in recent numbers Contributions to the Commercial Statistics of the Republics in South _America'by Sir Robert H , _Schomburgfe ; 'A . Review of the History , _-Government , Constitution , Fishery , and Agriculture f . f Newfoundland , ' by the Hon . Patrick Morris ; ' Tiie Mining Districts of the Great North American _Lxkes ; * * Retrospect of the trade of Singapore— for 1 S _4 _& -7 . ' by R . C . _Weods ; 'ThePresent Condition of the Island of _Barbadoei , ' by E . Parker , Esq ; ' Tha Progress of Australia ; ' * The City of
Toronto , 'by W \ <* . Edmundson ; 'Our Commercial Intercourse with Siam ; * Hon * Kong and its Chief Town , * by Mr William Tarrant ; ' The Manufacture of Beet-root Sugar in the German Custom House League ; * ' On the Sickness and Mortality among the Emigrants to Canada in 1847 ; ' ' The Trade and Commerce of Cuba ; * On the Revival of Cetton Cnltivation in the "West Indies , 'by W . Hamilton ; and * Oar Colonies and their Commerce . ' Under the iead of * Progress of Discovery in Australia , ' there are interesting reports of the recent expeditions _conducted by Dr Leichardt , Mr Barnett , and Mr Kenaedy .
We notice in the number for April , a valuable paper by Captain Mnnro , on ' Antidotes to Snake Bites . ' Tne May number contains an important ar _» tide on ' The vast Advantages which England , ae the first commercial and naval power in the world , would derive from a passige westward into the Pael fie . The interesting article on Hong Kong reveals a state of society in that island disgraceful to its Eritkh rulers . We extract the following account of
THE _OPIfJt TBiBE . _LieeMes to sell opiam is Victoria are now indiecrimi . safely _Isseed ia three _diffij _. ni forms . 1 st . To tell in _^ aantities less than a chest ( which weighs about 1 J c « rt . _) - for Shis SSO dollars per annum ia paid . Sad . 7 x licence » boil down and refine the opintn preparatory to _bttng used ; fcr which the charge ie 2 * 0 _dollars per annus . 31 , For keeping an epiam smoking divan ; and for this indulgence a licesoe is charged it ten dollar ! per m « ath , To the reader cf _thesB remarks who may not know what opium is like , and there are probably many in that state of _ignorance , it aisy not be amiss te explain , that as described in the _difttionariei , it ! s a juice partly micons , partly gummy , of a very bitter and _ecrid taste , and of soporific _. _joalities ; ' to which may be added that it is brought to China in large quantities from India and _Tarkey , where it exudes from _incisiooB made round the capsules of the poppv p ! aa _» . At first i * floKS in a white
milky state , bat a day ' s exposure to the sun hardens it into a derk brown mass ; there are various ways of pack » 3 g and preserving the opiua thus obtained , some is made up _inro flat circular cakes about a = inch thick . Halwa _opiQin , of which not much is used in Southern Clina , i » scut here in this _ehtpe ; P _.-. tna end Benares opium , _tahicg the ' . r names from the provir . ces of Bahar aci Benares , in which they are prepared , is made up in bails weighing' _abontsipannds , and covered with shard artificial _shd _' _. made with a combination of the skins of the poppy _paal . T _"? e latter description of opiam is that cbieSy traded in at Victoria , and Tariej in price from tin d _^ _lars tj _riitfen cad twenty _dc-liars per ball , according 11 the _st 2 te of the mark't . The _caltiration of opium in India is a monopoly of the British East India Company , to whom the growers are obliges to tell it , and the ne * _rsvenne t " = u * d rived amounts on tn average annual «• port of 25 , < J'J !) chests to China alone , to about ih millions oi pounds ster ' . irg . Thetfl \ c : o . _indulgence in opiam smoking is to _purchase brief d . easts of bl : ss , and the pleasures of Ely slum
5imm0xdss Colonial Magazine. Lon - Don :...
tt the expense of every _energy dignifying manhood ; the appetite for natural food beeomes weakened , the powers of reason destroyed , and a continued internal gnawing brings the young debauchee to a premature grave _. Crude opium is refined by scooping the ball ? , or breaking the cakes into large brass pans , coveriBg it with about four times its weight of filtered water , and when _sufficiently soaked and dissolved , the liquor is atralaed oft and boiled over a brisk charcoal fire until evaporation reduces it so much , that when cool It is of the consistency and colour of treacle ; the deposit left in the pans from the first eeaklng Is then dried over s "low fire and carefolly kneaded with the bands until it assumes a uniform thickness of a quarter of an inch ; it 1 b then taken out of the pan in & concave shape , placed in a sieve lined with flannel , and covered with hot water , whleh after filtering through , is boiled in a similar manner to the liquor firs " , drained tff . On Patns opium a _losa of four _, _taths and on Malwa three-tenths is said to be sustained
by the process thus described ; there are _absut twenty nho have taken ont the refining licence . Of the _liceissd opium smoking divans , there are at present ten , nearly all situated in the Chinese _portion ef the _tewn ; from tbe inconiiderahle amount of revenue derivable from this licence the _pnhlic establishment of these plsoes is much to be regretted , as they afford a resort to tho 6 _a dregs of the Chinese _Bopulatien , Indian policemen , and _followers of the native regiments , who before had no inch accommodation , and consequently less enjojed the means of incitement to indulgence . A visit of inspection to _tteie places affords subject for the most melancholy reflection _. In a reclining position on boards placed on treisels iranzed aonnd long disgustingly dirty rooms , may te seen at all hours of tbe day haggard _begea s with
putrefyiBg 6 ores , whcBe _miserable _fesliuge of desperation and woe drive them here to obtain a partial alleviation by ¦ steeping their senses in forgelfalneBi . ' The stem of the pipe used for smoking opium is made of hard wood , and would be tab n fcr an English paper ruler , about eighteen _inchetpaogand au inch Ib diameter ; the earth . enware botvl or head screws on and off at about tbr _« e laches from the end . An assistant of the divan sitting in a corner of the room is _constantly engaged in scraping and cleaning these heads , _nhich from the small _slxe of t e hole through which the opium is inhaled ( about the site of a fin ' s head ) are apt to get _clorged ; tho qaantity of opium intended to he smoked at a time , varying from twenty to 100 grains , is dipped carefully out of small gally-pots , laid on a leaf , and charged for at the rate of
a dollar an ounce ; the opiam is used b y dipping into it the poiated ena ef a small wire , which is then applied to the Same of a lamp , in Ignition it inflates into bubble , and is then with a dexterity obtained only by constant practice , rolled on the pipe-head until it assumes th * shape aad tiia of a _srmll orange pip , cut in half , and of the hardness of wax ; It is then pUced over the orifice in the head of the pipe , like a small chimney , _throngh which the flame of the lamp It drawn into the bowl , canverting the opium in its passage into a slue _smefce , whith is inspired by long continuous whiffs , and without removal of the pipe frora the mouth respired through the noitrils : two or three pipes may be taken by persons unaccustomed to the habit , without leaving any other unpleasant feeling than a harshness in tbe throat .
We add from this article the following _descrip tion of
_CHIHEU OXTH 71 X 1 NQ . In the Chinese courts of law and _, 'judgment where the character of the _perple is fully understood , bo oath what _, ever is _auminiEtereu to witnesses . In order , however , to meet the _reqalrements Of English law an attempt has been made te _introduce a species of Chinese oath in our various courts . The first form practised here was the cuttiag of a live cock's or fowl's bead ; a _oaniidarable perquisite was afforded tfc tha _court-keEpers by this sjst : m . who unscrupulously devoured the decapitstedbodies .
A cheaper form of oaths oonelstsln brattleg a basin Into pieces , intending thereby to symbolise how anxious 1 * the swearer , ( 1 ) that if he dots not tell the truth , his body shall bs as unceremoniously smashed into its original dust . To those who fancy tbat they possess no more soul than a piece of potter ' s ware , this method of _swtariBg Is doubtless highly sensible and appropriate , and it wa > probably under the impression that the Chinese entertained such feelings , that the erudite Lord Sroug & am was induced to countenance this form ef oath , when made in the House of Lords at a recent
examination . The form of oath atpretenttn use is considerably cheaper in practice than either of the foregoing . Printed forms on sheets of yellow paper about eight inches by six inehes are kept at hand by the interpreter . If tbe witness can write he fills in the blanks himself , or the interpreter will do it for him , to the _tflect that ' so and so' is now in court for ' such sad _sach a purpose , ' that he wi ll' speak the truth , the whole truth , and nothiog but the truth , ' without fear or prevarication , but instead of finishing by asking his God ( his Gods , or his ancei * _torr , ) tohelphimiu hit resolve a _VAnglaix , the form finishes by simply stating , tbat the Divine ' heaven , ' or , as the Chinese understand it , ' Court of heavsn , ''
witnesses this attestation . The paptr when filled in and read over to tbe swearer Is then burnt by the flame of lamp . The particular ' Gods many and L _? rds man ;' _wlso constitute tbe said Court of heaven , it is presumed , vary in idea , according to the theocratie knowledge of the swearer , bat as ie is a notorious fact that if after days ef _inceuan * worship , a God , or Idol , takes no ( fancied ) notice of hit . Chinese worehipptr ' * applica tion , then , the said idol , ia remorselessly battered and burnt tsns cerexvmle . It but follows as a natural sequence , that the supposed powers of each god being of a doubtful nature , the whole Co art as a body , obtain in anticipation only a small degree of respect or fear , and whole reams of oath paper may be burnt without adding the slightest value to any evidence .
Ia the number from which we have taken the above extracts there is an interesting account of Kandy , the capital of Ceylon , including % description of the Dalada festival—the exhibition ef the tooth of Buddha ; another illustration ef priestly knaTery and popular ignorance . A carious practice is said to exist _amengst the Eandiang . which the writer in this magazine calls * poliandry '; in plain English half-adozen hu _& _atids to onz woman ! Q , aery;—h the practice of our Kandian fellow subjects , altogether unknown in these Christian and highly civilised realms ? What are called husbands , it is true , are now allowed to the number of balf-a dozen , but what ' s in a name ? From an elaborate account oi ' A trip to the Crater of _Kilatua , Sandwich _Islandt , ' we give the following extracts : —
XHK CRATER Or K 1 LACEA . We do not believe there is _ano' . ber sight like it . A deep , very deep pit , with walls perpendicular in most places , and a circumference whose extent at first glance few can rightly estimate , _lays _before _oae . Uanua Eja to the right sweep * up frem the plain 10 , 000 feet above the highest wall of Ktlauea , with apparently so gentle a ris 9 , that a carriage and fonr could drive in a few hours to its summit . Yet it is two days' hard travel over the wildest and roughest scenery to reach its top . Mauoa K-a , with its snowy crown , rising still _higher , appears in the north-west scarcely farther off . The atmosphere was as clear as crystal . Distances on all sides were to the eye amazingly diminished . This is one reason why K Uuea fails so much at first . Nature hereabouts has
dene all her work on a gigantic scale . A trial of distan . _cas on foot soon determines this fact ; and respect and wonder at the ecene proporriosately increases . So perfectly distinguishable are objects on the further bank , that the visitor is slow te believe that the distance in a Straight line is more than three miles , and that nine miles will hardly give the circumference of the crater . The burning lake , wbich eo distinctly shows its lurid waves in the south-west corner , is two-and-a-half miles en " . WiikeB gives the best Idea of the extent of this pit , when he sajs that the whole city of New York could be put into it , and plenty of room be left . To this we might add , that its tallest steeple would still be somo 400 to 600 feet below the Bummit of its banks . Its entire aspect is that of desolation made desolate . Confined as the
fire was when we arrived at the southern lake , nothing could exceed _ita gloomy appearance . Tha entire floor was one rough mass of black lava , varied in a few spots only by slight 6 moke and sulphuric _discolouriogs . The snrroanding walls were of a grejtahhuo . Tbe stillness of death lay over the whole . The lake was lazily swelling and heaving with liquified rock , occasionally _toasing its fiery ipray high enough into the air so as to just make its action visible from where we were , though not a sound reached us from it . * * * At the N . W . edge of the crater we found ourselves over the steepest bank , from which it seemed as if one could jump directly down upon the black ledge . It locked terri / eaUy perpendicu ' or and _rcqaired nerve to stand near enough to measure the distance down with the eye _.
Tie height here is 600 feet . Wilkes gives a good view of it iu his 'Exploring _ErptditSoE . ' The edge and sldeB are _fonneo" of masses of looscatd basaltic rocks , which ley tottering over the gulf below . Yet as much as they appeared to hang ov < r the black ledge , not one of our party could throw a Btcne to light upon it . It _« ould fall among the debris below , far from reaching the black ledge . The walls of the crater are all of this rough basaltic description , easily loosened by earthqaakeB , and sending avalanches thundering down _btl ; w . We continued our walk , and _hr dark found ourselves on the weEtern bank . We had several steep hills _toceRCtnd _btfore we oould reach tbe selected spot . The lake _appeared so brilliant , that although it was new _groand to all of tbe _pjr ; y , we determined to proceed . We had a _voucg moon to light us in part . However , one of the gtntlemen _concluded to remain with the natives on the _summit of the _outt r edge . The remainder of our party wen ' on _Inihis theladi _.-a showed no little courage and
hardihood . For if wc lost oar path we Btoald be obliged to remain exposed te the keen mountain £ ir Until th : morning , keeping warm as we best could , or we might tumble into some one of the chasms about a . ' . The hills to _descend were rough and ste _* p _i-nongh to _reokeu- for the _tiiaebeUg , wish ourselves goats . Howerer slow and sure , wo got down them , assisting the ladle ' s _frjmrotk to rock , now and then taking a elide down _soae _smsoth _inc' . intd plane , until we retched the levtl be li Bib . Here we ran end jumped In the excitement of attaining the covered view . It burs : _upan us with _b-autiful _eff-ct . Tfce night was dark enough to lve u _asoi _' t'n _. d brilli _* ncy that made it the more picasiD _? We _asctnd-d a slight rise , ond thero foblid _our-3-Ives on the very brink oi the wesUrn wall , _Icimrdi-3 * ' _lv _opposite tbe Uhe . We sat do _* _u and rtv . lied in th"EC _"' _"• Itwasn :, t S Bndy , nor trrific , nor _stertl ng __ it _4 a « bc ? Utifi ; I _, The darkness hid irom in _eve-
5imm0xdss Colonial Magazine. Lon - Don :...
ning but the lake , or perhaps Ua fifes so blinded our eyes , that we could see nothing else , for the effect was paiafdl . The _surfsce was lightly _enorusted with a black coat , which the red lava almost instantly assumes on er _« pesure to the air . Thia coat was cut up into rivers , likes , canals , and str ; ams ef liqaid lava , interspersed with jets and fountains , the whole in contluued action . The entire lake was swelling and boiling with the _intensify © f Its fires . Crust after crust of the black lava _, like huge masses ofioe , would be rent asunder , lifted up and disappear ia the fiery cauldron beneath . Erery mlaut _« _ca * ng _» _4 ihe outliHe . _Theiurfaae of the lake aitusiing new fora « and new _actionwora _« he
_changa-, BDlaasieot of the kaleidoscope . A low , deep , hissing sound , as of ab : i _! ing dense fluid , _fellupoa our ea _^ s , as the wiad , which blew it from us , oco » _eion « lly lull . d . Words cannot do justice to the unique beauty of the spectacle . Oar party were by turns silenced by their deep admiration , or Hud in their «« lsm » tion 3 *> f delight , culling each other ' s attention to some now aetion , which would bs over almost as soot as it could be noticed , so rapid were the change * . There was nothing very violent . The flow of the lava waB unifoim , the most powerful heaving _hsing on the north e * _ge of the lake , where the _movesasat was like that of a whirlpool .
From an article in the July number recommending emigration to Van Dieman ' _a Land , we give the following notice of the
THE _KANQiHOO . Tke kangaroo ie the characteristic animal of the Australian Colonies , and although _rankud anung the number of qaadrupeds , might be quite ae properly described aa a biped , iv » fore feet aBd legs possessing more Of the properties of hands and arms , and being ncv _« r used In the process of walking or _rannlag , except when the animal ie feeding . There are three kinds — the wallahee , or small kangaroo ; a larger _sira , oalled brush kangaroo ; and a still larger size called the bOOBier , or forester , some of which last are els ar seven feet in
height ; they are not eo swift aa the smaller size , and seldom run _whea closely pursued by doga _, but p lace their backs against a tree , and using thiir tails , as a support , efftr formidable resistance with their hind legs , with wbich the ; _somttimts strike tha dogs , and rip them open ; or , ia the absence of trees , they will run to a water . bole , as the lakes are there sailed , wad * np to their middle , and then seiio the h * ads of the dogs as they approach , aad thrust them under the water until tbty are drowned . Their tails are of immense strength and thickness , and are often fonr or five feet in length , and as much as 201 _a . 8 in weight .
Tbe females are furnished with a pouch , in which they carry their young before _theta , and when overtaken by dogs or other animals , they seem t" be aware that tbey are the object t f the chase , and so In order t » facilitate tbeir escape , throw their _yoang _froan the poach ; the little animals immediately crawl to tbe nearest bush , and there hide themselves eo completely , tbat it is impossible to find them without a dog . The mother , if she escapes from htr enemies , always returns to repossess herself of her offspring . Upon tbe hhole _, the kangaroo Is a very sagacious animal , and when tame becomes much attached to those who take notice of it ; it will follow them , sit in their laps , aBd answer to iu name like a child . Their skins are tanned for leather , and are used with the hair oa for ma . king rugs , which those who travel in the bush use for a bed .
The number for tbe present month contains in addition to several articles already named two paper * from—we presume—the pen of the editor , on subjects which at present eomsnaEd considerable pnblio attention : — ' Colonisation' and ' Vancouver ' s Island . ' In the first of these articles the writer , while vindicating Protectionist principles , mercilessly castigates the members of the landocracy for their heartless neglect of the true interests of the community , and _tbeirjinfeeling and besotted apathylto the _{ sufferings of the great . body of the people . Although we cannot accept the remedy suggested by the editor of tbe Colonial _Maoieutk aa the ' one thine needful / we must express our approbation of his powerful exposition e > f tbe frightful evil * at present abounding . ' Daring the last ten years parochial relief in England and Wales has cost £ 66 . 000 , 000 . This eum , which if applied _a-right , wsmhi have extirpated
pauperism , haa simply maintained it . ' A system of' _Colonisation' in North America is recommended , where , in the British possessions only , and exclusive of Newfoandland aBd the territories beyond the great lakes , there are 88 , 908 , 623 acres of virgin soil , at a distance only of ten days' sail from this country . In those lands the editor of this magazine , would rear a Western Great Britain , and he appeals to the landed aristocrats to put themselves at the head of a popular movement for that purpose . If Mr Siuuonds will propose a _seheme for the transportation of the landocracy and othsr useless classes to North America , or any other part of the world , ' , he shall have onr support ; but we object to an ; scheme wbich would leave the plunderers of industry in this country in quiet possession ef their usurped wealth and power , and commit the masses to all the hardships of creating a new country in the savage wilds of America .
With the sentiments of the writer of the article on ' Vancouver ' r * Island , ' we can fully concur . This island contains vast natural resources , including an excellent climate , abundance of eoal and some of the finest natural harbours in the world . Taking into account the almost certain greatness of which the seas and shores of the Pacific Ocean will be the theatre at no very distant time , Vancouver ' s Island is a station of unspeakable importance . Well , this important British possession is to be jobbed away to
tbat gang of arch-monopolisers the Hudson Bay Company , for them to rule , rob , or ruin , just 89 they please ; at least such appear to be the intentions of the incompetent or jobbing gentry at the nead of the Colonial department . This well-timed and powerful protest againgt the folly or knavery to which Earl Griy appears to have lent hia sanction will , we hope _, be effective in preventing the realisation of this _disgraceful attempt to add to the plunder already possessed by the _over-gorged Hudson ' s Bay monopolists .
Notwithstanding our disagreement with the editor upon many points of importance , we feel bound to express our deep sense of the general merits of the Colokial Magazws , and our earnest wishes for its continued popularity and increased circulation .
* Goll;!!9—A R;»Tne Of M'.Rsias, F Xiil—...
* Goll ;!! _9—a r _;» tne of M ' . _Rsias , f _XiiL—ot ' . he Nine _Hostegei _, the heroic monarch o ' Ir _. _Jand , in i : vj fourth _century—and ancestor of the O ' Neill family . + Cos Cr / . _a CiTa _*— C . 'n of the _Hundred fights , II _nsjch tf hi Ulsnd in the 6 econd century ; _alihosKh th : fig ' _ct-r of a l . _an-jrtd _batiles , he was not the _vict-. r cf a _huncre-i _HAds—? . U _vahrouj rival OiTcn , _Kicg of _Hanrter , cvi , _; ,-. _; i . dii ' maa division of the kir . gdom . " } _Belb . jks—TIl- _LvTt & i ' . _' -Tj julges ot the lihc Septs . I _Inn-eft _' _i—T :: e Lined of Destiny , one of tbe uame 6 _O ? _iTclaBd _.
Emigrant ' S Guide To New South Wales Pr...
Emigrant ' s Guide to New South Wales Proper , Aus . traUa Felix and South Australia . By D . J . Byrne . London : E . Wilson , 11 , Royal Exchange . Regarding all books advocating emigration with suspicion , we took np thia little book in no mood to give it our good word , but a glance through its contents has satisfied us that the author is honest and well informed on the BUbjeot ho treats of . Wo do not adviseany man to leave his native land , but if persons will do so , and have any idea of Eelecting either of the above-named colonies , then we would recommend them to obtain this little book , which contains information of great value to all persons about to emigrate .
Unlikesome writere on emigtatioa , who would fain make the English public believe tkat labour . to any extent can find profitable employment in the Australian colenies , the author of thia work in speaking of mechanics and tradesmen , says , ' Even in those occupations most required , the demand for labour of a skilful description is not extensive , and a large arrival of such , would not enly bave tbe effect of reducing the wages of those employed , but would , in all probability , leave many without engagements . At various periods since the foundation of the Australian colonies , there has been such an influx of mechanical labour , so totally disproportionedto the demand , that , after many hardships , numerous
mechanics were compelled to throw aside , at least for a time , their trades , and adopt pastoral or agricultaral pursuits ; and it would be well , in case of emergency , if every emigrant was resolved and prepared to do the eame , for in newlanda all must adapt themselves _, to circumstances . The Australian colonies are completely _flooded with clerks , men of education without means , and professional persons ; for those clisies , therefore , they present no inducement , except that which consists in the cheapness of all tbe necessaries of life . The parties really required in these _celoniea , and who would be sure of success , are mere labourers and shepherds , farmers with small means , and persons possessed of sufficient capital to became sheep and cattle proprietors of extent . '
this - work contains full _infarmation aB to the cost of passage , or tbe means of obtaining a free _passage ; tbe actual necessaries for the voyage ; the rules to be observed at Bea ; the rations & o „ on board the emigrmt ship ; the course that Bhould be pursued by the emigrant , according to his circumstance ? , on arrival in tbe colony ; the various _advantages of each colony , its history , natural productions , climate , p riees of food , rate of wages , < tc , _, < to- But again we warn our readers to be cautious _feow they commit themselves to a step which they may _afterwards repent of .
The Republican. August. London: J. Watso...
The Republican . August . London : J . Watson , 3 , Queen ' _a-head-passage , Paternoster-row . This number of the Repoblican _ontains wellwritten artieles on , 'Taxation , '' Monarchy , ' and 'Representation , ' 3 nd a spirited _caetigation of that precious humbug Serjeant Talfourd , from which we give the following extracts : — BEBJEANT TALFOURD Is half a liberal , because he is afraid to be a whole one . lie is _stticken dumb by power , He cannot combat on the Bide of tho numerically _woakeBt . He is a craven foul a man who dares notfoliow out his own principles . For what purpose did ho go into Patliamene ? htt _ue
look to then ports of his last elction in 1847 . There it Is written , that Serjeant Tnlfourd told the _delighted and trustful folks of Utadlng that ho was determined to sit for that borough In Parliament or not sit at all ; that he w < u the son of a _ltoadiug tradesman and lie _wqb proud to bo a senator , because every li . tle eehaolbny _mijB see to wbat a height it was _putsiulo for an Englishman to _attain . This is ail very well ; but it 6 ois not appear _tbnthcli _& r : _;! -. rjsaut , sen of a Reading _tradesman , told the ptoplo of IU' » din : what it was _ntcossery she littlo pchoo ! _bojssho'ild do to become members of Parliament . He does not tell them _th-jt _, under th ; present system , let a littl ? _gchool boy _btickle and Btoop , and
The Republican. August. London: J. Watso...
¦ ccemmodate bU _coavtcttona to the expediencies of party , ever so much , that the chances are two million to one that he will not obtain the honour . Serjeant _Talfuurd prefers kcepirg It unique—only accessible to tho Talf _jurd genu * . Ho la the son of a _R _-ading tradesman , and jet he canaiderB the House of _Commons nnd Its aristocratic majority as a perfect institution . He is t & e son of a Bonding _tradesman , and jet ho prefer * nnd helps to sustain the government of a few great families , to the _exelusion of the government ef tho people . He wishes to set a hi gh example to the ions of Reading _tradosmen and little Reading sohool boys , and yet when he speaks in tho _Honsv of Commons , it is to demonstrate the _perfectneas of things _ss they are , to proclaim the _absurdity of supposing that tho diffusion of kaowledgo and education can fit the mass tor the Suffrage , to protest ¦ gainst allowing a man ' steeped lu poverty to the lips ' to vote , to _osfert that property alone is entitled to power , and to wind up by a general declamation _Bgaluat demo « _cruoy .
The son of the Reading tradesman has forgotten bis order . He is a traitor to _ttu-m . Doubtless , It is to inculcate this that he acta himself up before the sons of Roading _trAdoBmen aa a modtl liberal and reformer . The good folks of Reading are very trustful . It is a habit ef the poor to be grateful far _ennll meroles , to trust a man with a glib tongue and a good coat , and the learned ierjeant has no desire to put an end to » state of things which would olear their vision with respect to himself . v What a mass of delusions go to moke up this man ! and
yet he exalts himself as a reformer , a _Uaunch reformer , one who oamo out ' thirty years ago , ' to de . nounce tie murderers of Peterloo . He has lost the principles _frhloh then carried him into tho Town Hall of Reading ; he has lost the pluck , the daring . Por , last year , when nqaested to become a enndidute for the representation of a certain town , noted for the manufacture of 'block gowns and red coats , 'he refused , on the ground that he would not like to oppose the clerical auihorities . Poor patriot ! His eon was at a certain seminary , and the father feared to damage the future _piospecteof the eon .
The Truth Teller. No. 2. Stalybridge: B....
The Truth Teller . No . 2 . Stalybridge : B . S . Treanor , Melbourne-street . Contains several excellent Chartist articles , too lengthy for extract .
Annesr Op Mr Gammase.—Another Deed Of Vi...
_AnnEsr op Mr _Gammase . —Another deed of violence , against the boasted privileges of Englishmen , was perpetrated by the great _unpaid of Towcester . On Thursday week , Mr Gammage delivered a lecture in the garden of an inhabitant of _Towcester ; after speaking for about an hour and a half , the inspector of police came forward and inquired whether he still intended to prosecute his _speeoh further , Mr Gamma _? e replied in the affirmative , and the man of office retired to take counsel with his superiors ; ultimately , he returned , seized the speaker , and conveyed him to tbe leck-up . On Friday . Mr Gammage made hia appearance before the big Wigs of Towcester , among whom was Lard Southampton , and underwent
a sort of examination . The principal charge , as stated by a policeman who waB taking notes of the meeting , was' Calling her most Gracious Majesty a pauper , and her ministers & neat parcel of rogues . ' This charge was bo serious that the mighty minds ef tho Towcester benoh knew not how to deal with it . and in consequence the prisoner was remanded till the following day , to await the regult of Lord Southampton ' s visit , te London , His lordship ( having it ia presumed had an interview with the Home Secretary ) returned on Saturday noon , and on the re-appearance of the prisoner , condescended to accept bail for his forthcoming next March at the Northampton _aBsizea _. _himaelf iu £ 50 , and _oaeeurety
m alike amount . Thb Rbfohm League . — At a publio meeting of the National Reform League on Monday evening , at the Portland Rooms , Sir Benjamin Hall met with rather a rough reception by his _conaUtuente , being frequently interrupted in his speech with cries of * the Gagging Bill , '—where were you on the night of the division on the Ballot ? and how are the grouse ? together with derisive laughter , hisses , aad groans . Lord D . Stuart was well reooived , after which a general call was made for Mr S . Kydd , who was discovered in the meeting . Mr Kydd delivered an eloquent speech , which w _» 3 rapturously applauded . Resolutions in accordance with the principles of the League were adopted , and the meeting separated .
Thb Victims . —Cha . rtbrvili , e . — The inhabitants of this thriving colony have resolved to set apart a portion of their orops for the support of the wives and families of the victims ) : and the Chartists and Land members resident in Oxford bave decided on providing a market for any of the produce of the colony . We understand that Mr Kydd wiil shortly lecture in this diatiict . A Cautious Manager . —On tho closing night of the Lyceum Theatre , Mr Charles Mathews , the lessee , spoke the following passage , in the course of his farewell address : — ' If you ask me exactly what I came here to say , I may eafely aay I can ' t say . It is quite useless for me to say what I have done , for you know it—and it is impossible for me to say what we are going to do , for i don ' t . Io abort , being _reyeelf or / ere tbe curtain , how can I communicate to you wnat is going on behind it ? These are no times for open and advised speaking . '
SHE ITALIAN AND THE GERMAN . The Italian ia reckless , clamorous , and erne ]; tbo German cautious , silent , and humane : he seldom strikes bis horses , and certainly there is a good deal ot the German in the _horsoi ana of the horse in the German . The German eats brown bread , go does the horse ; the German drinks beer , eo does the horse ; nay , I have seen the phlegmatic vetturino take from hia pocket lumpa of sugar and give them to hia fat . contented , docile animals : tbe chief _difference between the German and his horse , being tbat the horse does not smoke , while the German
doea , I believe , even in his sleep . The Italian dashes down the hill without appearin g to care for tho fate of his horses or himself . The German , when he arrives at such an elevation as Westminster Bridge , cautiously pulls up , fixes bis drag , and slowly oreepa to tho bottom , 'in safety certainly ; and he repeats this operation with amusing perseverance at every hillock on the road . To remonstrate with him would be mere waste of breath . When a hot-tempered man requires to be taught patience and forbearance let him travel five days with a German vettwino . who will conduct him prudently and safely thirty miles a day during that happy period .
Atrocious Conduct ov an _Enoins-Dbiver on the East _Lahoashirk Railwat . —On Friday week a shocking occurrence took place on the East Lancashire Railway works " , at Tunnel End , near Burnley . It appears that the driver _andstoker of the Medusa locomotive were taking some liquor at a neighbouring beer-shop , and had left the engine in charge of the cleaner , whose oamo ia John Rhodes . When he was about to take the fire out of the grate some persons in authority cape _dswn to the engine , and , wishing to go to the' tip end' at Rose Grove , were taken thither by Rhodes . Shortly after Rhodes had left , the driver , named Sam Whittle , came down to the works , and finding the engine gone without him , ha was very much vexed , and determined to place
some obstacles on the rails to obstruct the engine on its return . He accordingly got three ' tail-boards , ' be longing to the dirt waggons , and placed them aoross the rails , and fastened them by driving iron picks behind the beards into the sleepers . He then got four ironfurnace bars and placedjthem across the rails ; and afterwards more picks , to the number of eight , were struck into the sleepers , with the shafts u wards By this time tbe engine was returning ; and the cleaner , Rhodes , was seated in front of the coal box , the Rev . T . G . James , his brother , Mr Jaraep , of Liverpool , Mr Donaldson , the engineer of the line , and another gentleman being in the truck of the engine . Some peraons having notioed the ob _itructions , made a Bignal for Rhodes to phut off the steam and apply the brake ; but before he could do so
the engine came in contact with tbe ' tail-boards ' and Rhodes was thrown off upon the line . The engine , too , was first thrown off the rail , but by some providential means , after having run a _coneiderable distance , again came upon tbem . All the gentlemen in the truck fortunately retained their hold and escaped unhur _| J | but _Rhodes was ' doubled up * by the engine , and , on being examined , was found to have his right arm almost taken iff and both thighs broken . Mr Georgo _Smirthwaite , surgeon , of Burnley , was immediately sent for , and amputated the arm above the elbow . The fractured thighs were also reduced , and there are hopes that he may eventually recover . Whittle was immediately taken into custody , and , after a hearing before the magistrates on Saturday , _waacommhted for trial . Blackburn Standard .
Allsged Murder of an Englishman bt Six Ikish Labourer ? . —St _Albms _, Saturday . — Great excitement prevails throughout the whole of this district at the present time , wbich has been occasioned b y the following savage outrage , which has ended in the death of an unoffending individual . From the evidence which has already been taken by the coroner , it appears th _* t » few ni ghts _eince , a party of English and Irish labourers were drinking in frontof tho bar of the Plough public-bouse . Whilst so doing , a man named Field , who was in tbe house , attempted to pass through the passage , but was unable to do ao . He then made uso of some insulting language towards the Irishmen , and having accused them _offstoppin _* up the passage , left the house . About ten
minutes afterwards tho Irish _wert into one of the rooms of too public-tousC , gave a wild scream , and took up the tongs , _nhovel , and poker , with which they pitched into the English labourer * , knocking down every _mtui who cama nonrtlicm . Tlir deceased , a quiet , inoffensive man , named Edward Swine , who _was sitting over his mug ef beer , was struck _ovet the head with tbe tones until the b ' ood gushed forth ; his teeth were _knocks ! out , his eyes _wvra blackened , and his face fearfully disfigured . Ilts son was also dreadfully maltreated . The _Irishman , on finding that they had become cenquerorit , started off . TLo deceased was _removed to hi : i iiorae , wheve he expired . The _isquiry was adjourned to Wednesday . The deceased wa 3 forly-fire _jvara of ago , and hm left seven children to mourn hia loss-
Thl Pmsph^Oy In Liverpool.-Com
THL _PMSPH _^ OY IN LIVERPOOL .-COM
MITTAL OF CUDDY FOR TRIAL . Liverpool , Tueeday _.-Thia day tho prisoners , John Cuddy and _Jamee O'Brien , who have been in custody for the _laat few _daja on a charge of supplying arms . to the Irish rebels , and being in other _regpeots mixed up T _^ ith the physical force Repealers , were again _plaoed before Mr _Rushton and the sitting magistrates , when the evidence which had been taken down against them was read over to the prisoners . The depositions consisted of the evidence of from twenty to thirty witnesses . It was of a most voluminous oharacter , and occupied considerable time in the reading . The evidence went to prove in a variety of ways , the connexion of Cuddy with
the Irish clubs and the leaders of the rebel party . It expe 8 ed an organised system of correspondence between the Confederate Clubs in Dublin , and those in Liverpool , connecting the prisoner and the notorious Dr Reynolds ( for whom Cuddy had sold t _^ e pikes ) with them in their Beveral movements . The fact of Cuddy being discovered with a bag full of pikes , was followed up by evidence proving him to have regularly attended the Confederate and club _meetings in this town , and the public meetings genera'ly where Dr _Reynolda wag in the habit of _epeakiok ; sedition . Other evidence of a corroborative nature was added , wbich represented the accused to bo prominently mixed up in the entire proceedings conn cted with the intended outbreak !
The evidence having been read over , the prisoner , who wag represented by Mr Yates , solicit' r of this town , was asked what he had to say why he should not be committed for trial ? when , by the advice of his solicitor , he declined to say anything . Mr _Rushtoa , the magistrate , tben told him that it became his duty to commit him to take his trial at tho Assizes , for a treasonable conspiracy in _tupr lying arms to her Majesty ' s subjects in Ireland . The prisoner was then removed in charge ef the police , and the several witnesses bound over to prosecute . The prisoner O'Brien was remanded until Saturday next .
Fhe _Aasizeg commence to-morrow , and the trial which , it ia expected , will divulge some of the prin cipal designs of the rebels on this side of the Chan nel , ia looked forward to with much interest .
A Priest, In A Rich Abbey In Florence, N...
A priest , in a rich abbey in Florence , named Gruidnoli , being a fisherman ' s son , caused a net to be spread every day on the table of his apartment , to put him , as he said , in mind of his ori gin . Th c abbott dying , this dissembled humility piocuredhim to be chosen his successor , and the net was used no more . 'Where ' s the net !' said a friend to him the day afterwards , on entering his apartment . ' There is no further occasion for the net , ' said Gruidnoli , ' when the fish is caught , ' ' How is your wife to day ? ' said a friend to a French gentleman . — Oh I moche de sem , ' said he ; ' she is no better , and I am' fraid ver' little waas . If she is gon to die , I wish she would do it soon ; 1 feel so unhapie—my mind is S 3 moche unset-tel . Yen she die , 1 shall not be moche dissatisfied 1
Death of Captain Marry at , C . B ., & c , —Tbe service and the public will learn with regret the death of Captain Frederick Marryat , C . B . ( 1825 ) , which took place at his seat , Langham , county of Norfolk , on Wednesday , the 9 th instant , after a lingering illness . The gallant officer had never recovered himself since the shock his feelings sustained by the melancholy death of his eldest son , a brave and noble-minded young officer , second lieutenant of tke Avenger steam frigate , amongst whose engulfed victims he was one of the first . Captain Marryat . by his graphic writings upon naval subjects , effected many invaluable remedies- of old abuses , and introduced a better feeling and code of treatment
both for men and officers than would in all probability have resulted from the most formal and deferential application in the usual way . Captain Marryat was the second son of the late Joseph Marryat , Esq ., M . P ., of Wimbledon-house , Surrey , and married Catharine , only daughter of the late Sir Stephen Shairp , Bart ., by whom he leaves a numeious issue ; he was born on the 10 th of July , 1792 , and entered the navy as midshipman of the Imperieuse , 38-gun frigate , Captain Lord Cochrane , on the 23 d of September , 1806 , in the boats of which shi p the' Younger Son' assisted at the capture of several merchant vessels , and on the 6 ih of July , 1807 , at the demolition of Fort Roquette _, in the entrance of the basin of Accassan . He served
in the _aUacK on the French fleet in Aix Roads , and in the Walcheren expedition , 1809 . Promoted to the rank of lieutenant on the 26 th of December , 1812 , and went to the West Indies in the Espiegle in January following . In January , 1814 , he was appointed to the Newcastle , 50 gun frigate , Capt . Lord George Stuart , and in her baree cut out four vessels from Boston Bay , with the loss of eleven of her crew killed and wounded . He was promoted to the rank of commander on the 13 th of June , 1815 . In 1818 be received the warmest thanks of tbe
Royal Humane Societ y for the gallant and repeated exertions ( most of which were successful ) he made to save the lives of his fellow . creatures , by jumping overboard , and otherwise perilling his own life to do so . In June , 1820 . he commanded the Beaver sloop at St Helena , and exchanged from her into the Rosario , 10-gun bri g , in which vessel he brought home duplicate despatches of Bonaparte ' s death . Subsequently he was employed in tha Coast Guard service . In 1823 he was appointed to the Larne _, 18-gun corvette , and proceeded to the East Indies , where , until 1825 , in the Burmese war , he was very actively employed as senior officer of the naval forces
in which command he eminently distinguished himself . In April , 1825 , he was promoted ( a death vacancy having occurred ) , and given the captaincy of tbe Tees , _26-gun frigate , on her passage home , where he paid ber off . He was nominated a Companion of the Bath in 1825 , since which time he had been unemployed afloat . The captain ' s pension of _£ 150 per annum for good and meritorious services was conferred upon him on ( he 17 th of December last , by the 'Earl of Auckland , to whom the boon now again reverts . Captain Marryat was the inventor of the code of signals which are now in use in the British merchant service as well as in the
navies of foreign states . For it he has twice received the thanks of the Shipowners' Society ; and the late King of the French , in whose naval and mercantile marine it is adopted , conferred on him the order of ' officer of the Legion of Honour . '
Attempted Suicide from London-Bridge . — On Thursday week a female , named Mary Chambers , aged 32 years , attempted self-destruction by leaping from the parapet of London-bridge . Shortly after two o ' clock a man who was passing over the bridge suddenly raised an alarm , in consequence of having seen a female jump into the river , Two policemen who were on duty hastened to the spot , and they saw the woman struggling in the water near the stone-work of the bridge . The officers immediately rmi down tbe steps on the Surrey shore , and having procured a boat rowed to her aid , and after a most desperate struggle they succeeded in dragging her into the bont , and she was conveyed to St Thomas ' s Hospital .
Murder . —The neighbourhood of Grays , Essex , was thrown into a state ot excitement on ( he morning of Tuesday the 8 th inst ., by the report of a murder of the most awful character having b een perpetrated at an early hour of that morning in the adjoining parish of West Thurrock , on the banks of the Thames . The report proved but too well founded . The name of tbe murderer app _° ars to be Sarah Grout , the wife of James Grout , labourer , living near the Fox and Goose public-house , at West Thurrock . It may he fairly assumed that the wretched woman was at the time of the commission of the act in an unsound state of mind ; among other proofs of which io may he mentioned that she
lias within tbe last fortnight attempted suicide , and was only prevented from carrying out her purpose by the rope breaking which she had attached to tackle in the back kitchen for the purpose of banging herself . Notwithstanding this and other proofs of insanity , the unfortunate woman was allowed to be at large . On Tuesday morning her husband went to his work , leaving his wife at home with three children , viz ., Jolm , aged six years ; Mary Anne , four years ; James , two years . At 20 minutes past 8 o clock the elder boy , John , ran into the Fox and Goose public-house exclaiming that bis mother had murdered bis lirother and sister . The landlord , j John Moss , ran into the cottage , and on entering ihe bedroom upstairs , found the woman with a bill i
in her hand covered with blood , standing at the fn & t of the bed , and the bodies of the two children in a dreadfully mangled state , one on the bed , the other on the flunr . The head of the little girl was _nearly severed from the body . On Moss entering , s \\ p E . iid , ' 1 have done it myself , 1 have nobody to ' ¦ blame but myself . ' The wretched woman was immediately given into custody , and taken to Grays for examination _k-fote the llevs William _Talin and II . Selby Hole , county _magistrate , by whom she was remanded until Thursday morning at 11 o ' clock . She staled to tbe constable that she had intended o murder tho . _e'dcr hoy also , had he not escaper ! from _l-: er , and then to have destroyed herself . She appears to be about -10 years o ! d ; and has a ghastly expression of _countenance .
Jftttte Anfl Jfamfes.
_jftttte _anfl _jfamfes _.
Right 6f Rflofbfitr In Wind. Water Mills...
RIGHT _6 F _rflOFBfiTr IN WIND . Water mills were at one time , particularly on tha continent , included aaong the regalia or _righls of tho _crowe ; and on the introduction of windmills , this asaumed right waB extended oyer air aB well aa water . A whimsical instance of the attempted exer . oise of this privilege is on record . It seems tbat the Augustine monks , _belonging to the monastery at Weind 8 beim , in tho province of _Overjfsel , were desirous of erecting a windmill in tbe neighbourhood , but tbe lord of the soil opposed tbeir projeot _, on the extraordinary assumption that the wind in that district belonged to him . Upon this the monks applied to the Bishop of Utrecht , who decided , in a towering _paBaion , tbat no one had power over tbe wind in his _dteeese but hwmif _, And thereupon he immediately granted letters patent to the good monks . [ The right of property in land is no better founded than the right of property in wind . ]
,. , , KNOWLEDGE . Knowledge spreads abroad _; and it is as impossible for man to dam it up , as for tho fool to stop the Danube by hl . mgthe narrow channel at its source with nn great _fcots-cr-yi . g out the while , _« liow tho people will wonder when the Danube does not come ! _KETtrt _/ OTIOW . Revolution is the only remed y mankind have against oppression . While thia right remaina in force , not written indeed in the preambles of aota of Parliament , but engraved in a nation ' s history , a oountry may call itae . f free . POETS . BT JAHS 8 OHOOa OBANT .
Poeta Ara A Joyoua Race I O'Er The Laujh...
_Poeta ara a joyoua race I O ' er the _laujhing earth they go , Shedding charms o ' er many a place Nature never _favour'd bo ; S : ill to each dlvinest spot Led by some suspicions _star , Scattering flowers where flowers are not Making leveller these that are . Poeta are a mournful race 1 O ' tr tho weary earth thoy go , Barkening many a _BUQuy plaoo Nature never darken'd » o _; Still to each sepulchral spot Cah'd by spectral lips afar , Fancying tomba where tombs aro not , Making gloomier those which are . _Poota are a gifted race !
If their glf te aright they kne w ; Fallen splendour , _porlsh'd grace , Their enchantments can renew : They have power o ' er day and night ; Life with all its joys and cares—Earth with all lt » bloom and blight-Tears and transport—all ore theirs Poatg are a wayward race ! Loveliest still when least alone , They can find ia every place Joys and aorrowa of their owe : Grieved or glad by fitful starts , Paage they feel that no _oae _shares , And a joy oan fill tbeir hearts That oaa fill no hearts hat theirs , _Poet- < are a mighty race I They can reach to times unborn ; They can brand the vile end base
With _nnd _ylng hate and scorn ; They can ward detraction ' s blow ; Tbey oblivion ' s tide can stem ; Aad the good and brave must owe Immortalit y to them ! Curiobs .- Since 1789 , all the revolutions in Franca have taken place under Popes of the name of Pius . Lonig XVI . was dethroned under Pius VI . j tha Directory waa _ovprturned by Plus VI . ; Navoleon fell under Pius VII . ; Charles X . under Pius VIII . ; and Louis Philippe under Pius IX .
THE JOBUCE ANNOYED , A poor fellow being summoned by a Justice of the Peace , a celebrated auctioneer , and refusing to show the _poapsuB _magiitrate due respect , by styling him ' Your worship , ' was committed . When released , he appeared at every sale whera his _puniaher presided , and bid ' threepence , your Worship !'' sixpence , your WorBhip ! ' and so on , till the laugh and confusion became so irresistible , that the worthy auctioneer bought the raan ' s absence for the sum of ten guineas .
A _COLlKIil , PATHIAKCII . Died at Wexford . Canada West , Mr Daniel Aiken , aged 120 years . He had , during hie life , contracted seven marriages , and had 570 grandchildren and great _grandchildren—& _JH boya and 200 girls !
Woman in thk _celbstiai , _eupise . _Woaiae is tn a more d » _graded position in Ciainn than In any other port of the globe , and htr humiliation is rendered more con »? ieuou 9 by the extent te which clvi . _llsatlen and education have been carried in the empire _. In no rank is she regarded as the companion of man , b u * U treated _polely ae the slave of hU caprice and passion * . Even amongst the fomaloB ol th 9 highest ranks , few are found who can read or write ; their education is confined to the ark cf embroidery , playing on a hcr .-id three . strioged guitar , and _singbg ; but the _obfigathn . of obedionce to men is early inculcated , and tha greater portion of their time is spent in smoking anj playing at cards . The women of the poorer classes have no education , and can ba considered but little bettor than beasts of burden . A man of that rank will walk deliberately by his wife ' s sfde , while she totters under a heavy load , and frequently she may be sees yoked to a plough while her husband guides i t ! Those of the
lower olasses who are good looking , according to Chi . nese ideas of beauty are _purohased by the rich at twelve or fourteen years , for concubines , and are then instructed according to their _maeter ' _s _idens , The _Ghineae _COnUOi atoll comprehend the European mode of treating ladies with respeot and deference , and being naturally superstitious , attribute to devilish arts , practised by the fair _» e * _, tbe just appreciation we entertain of their _volao ; iu short , thoy consider European ladies have an inflaenoe somewhat similar to tbat ascribed to en _etil eye by Italian _BUpflrstltion . Chinese domestics hare a very great objection to reside in a European family over which a lady presides ; and an old _tradision coincides with their superstition about our _fpraales— ' That China should never bo Conquered until a woman reigned In the far- M ' est . ' Some Bay that this prophecy was sever heard of uHtil they were conquered by the army of Queen Victoria . Ba this as it may , they all contend that it is to bo found in some Ot' tha IdeBt wcrka .
Many _traditions aro extant in China _relative to woman ; anj anl ongst other legends , the horrible prac . tioe of deforming the female foot is thus said to have _commonoed _: _ ' The wife of one of their ancient emperors was found" b y her lord and master near tho apartment of one of the great officers of the court , who bad the reputation of being Tery handsome . _Receiving from the emperor a torrent of obuao for her misconduct , she pleaded , in her defence , that it was not her fault , but that of her feet , which were so very large , they took her to the spot _sorvly against her will . The emperor Immediately ordered the forepart of her faet to be ampu . tated . ' Such is tho origin of the orippled foot which
from this timo became tbe fashion . This berrid and barbarous taste Is most unaccountable in a nation where tho undistorted natural foot of woman is the very model ofbeauty the high instep is _tqualtothe _Andaluslan , ana the arch of the sole rivals that of the Arab ; the ancle , which In the distorted foot becomes _revoltiogly thick , is symmetry itBelf , Such a foot , of _coursr , can only be seen among tho lower classes . The whole female character seems to be completely changed by the barbarous _proctioo In quention ; for the _conntenenco of a Chinese beauty is always void of animation , nnd somewhat ex . _presslve of the suffering which her ligatured feet may produce , whilo the countenances of uncripplod females are full of vivacity .
NEAPOLITAN WESTMINSTER HALL . The courts are situate in what resembles an ancient castle , with lofty stairs aBd _spaeious halls ; when fairly Inside the long publio hall , tho din , duBt _, and heat were such that I could scarce recover my composure ; a crowd of suitors aDd advocates and people wera _squeeilngup and down , and fighting their way I knew not where . The _advooates were continually exchanging bits of paper like _notlosB ; my friend mentioned that many of these slips contained proposals for settlements of disputes , as it was desirable to keep as many causes out of tho tribunals as possible . Kleratod above tho crowd sat a numbtrof clerks in boxes , who plied thtir peas bu 3 ily ; tho professional men constantly thrust p _> _pers before
thsBe Fcribos to c pj . Hiving fought our way down this l . _inj : crowded hail , wc turned into another off which the courts _branched . The tribunal not ( sitting at the moment , tho court waa closed , and we etooti in tha hall near a shut window , I a 9 ked my friend « haf . aversion tbey had to fresh air ! he nplied _, tho judges nevor <> p- ned a window , and that ofton tho heat was intoler . uhlc . However , ho kindly admitted the _whohsomo air on this occns ' . sn , I s : cn porctivid t !; c r . - _-: n nest me liad chains on his kgs ; he was a prisoner awaiting outside to be tried , a _handsome , dark-eyed , young- , dissipated Neapolitan , _—sev 6 r » l rings decoratod his fingers , —his friends , including two quB 3 ilonabIo-looking women , were about him , and thero was much mirth amongst tho
{ _'iirty _, and the guards who lounged about jolnsd in the morriment cordially . The court doors were now thrown open , and all _ruihed in , Four judges wero seated on _tliehonch . The prisoner described , with threo others , s _> ood in the ecrntr , and the proiucullng official advocate sat at the end of tbo circular bench _bitore the judges ' I was _intni'Juotd to this gentleman , and aeow . mudated with a seat _bssido him . The _prltoners had been _conr de-nnod alread y , and were now tried a second time fer the crime r . f stabbing ocmaiitted in prison . The charge ivaBreai ! , tho _croirn _prosecutor _ocoaeionaliy inviting the _xttemioa of tho Court to _particular _passages iu the
pron : ' ' IhccMcf _judg-s _th _' . ii _iiitcrrognted the prisoners ; on , JTf ' " ? r * P _' y Kiven _, the advocate near mo remarked , Thatis a lie . ' I _icquired _what was the use of _qutstionin _^ ' i _risonc p . in _tbis maDHer _, wlun it was trident _ihry would , iu _Beii- _' _sfencp , speak fidsely . lio nplied , _UiK'S . tionhig was noi _generally _resoitsd to , but for such a ciimo p . s thia committed in prison , interrogation was p _rmltttd . Tho manner of tho _piiooncrs was fli ppant « . ul ln « o ' cr . t—' . hat of the speaking judge , loquacious and _uniiiguifiid . Ho told tho prisoners frt _^ _jently he _kscw they were telling lies , and thej in turn relied at lhejuu _»* f
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 19, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_19081848/page/3/
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