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December 23, 1848. «, ,-¦ -, THE NORTHER...
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¦ Wreath L "We bring a spiritof sadness ...
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ftefueto *
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MEMOIRS OF CITIZEN CAUs ' siDIEBE, ' Ex-...
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Gbnebal Bem.—General Bern is the son ofa...
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An auxiliary workiouss is to te ereoted ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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December 23, 1848. «, ,-¦ -, The Norther...
December 23 , 1848 . « , ,- ¦ -, THE NORTHERN STAR . s -
9 £Dn * 0tma$ ≪§Am»Tij
9 _£ Dn * 0 tma $ <§ am » tij
¦ Wreath L "We Bring A Spiritof Sadness ...
¦ Wreath L " We bring a spiritof sadness to what , under happier circnmstancej _, would have been the pleasing task of preparing onr nsnal Christmas Garland . How cm -e consistently offer to onr readers ' the compliments of the season , ' whe a we feel that such compliaents wonld bnt mock their misery ? * A Merry Christmas I * Ay , merry enough for the well-fed , well-ckd , well-housed idlers of society ; but not so merry for those who , hnngry and faint , shiver
through the streets of onr cities seeking employment , but seeking in vain . ' Merry , ' Christmas » ay be to those who hold revelry in " mansion and castle ; bnt not so merry to those who , cowering over a tireless hearth , fieel their usual _pinchiogS and pinlngs aggravated by the knowledge that the sons and daughters of privilege are indul ging in more than ordinary luxury , profusion , and waste . Christmas may bring festivity to the hall of Dives , but brings no mirth to tbe hut of Lazarus .
And to some — not . a few — of our readers this Christmas will be a time of terrible and more than ordinary suffering , and to tall our readers 3 time of sorrow . Is it demanded wh y so ? We answer , behold the victims of Whi ggery in the dungeons ot thi 3 metropolis , and iu those of York and _Lancashire . And when in your' mind ' s eye' you have seen Ernest Jones and his fellow sufferers in _TothiU-fields prison— Shaw and bis fellow sufferer inlsewgate-Cuffay and his fellow victims in Milbank Penitentiary—M'Douall and his fell _ow-snfferers in Kirkdale cells , — when yon have reflected on the ¦ misery of those men , their weariness of heart , their
prostration of mind , their sickness of body , the pains they suffer , aud the anxieties on account of their families , which must beset them night and day—then turn to the homes of those families and see the wife mourning for her husband , tbe children pining for their father — see want and woe where should be plenty and joy , —see hunger where there should be feasting , and tears where there should be smiles—and then say whether it would not be a mockery of the sorrows of the victims of 'Whi ggery—the victims in and out of prison—to wish them a Merry Christmas - , ' or bid them look forward to a' Happy New Tear . '
Since the above sentences weTe written , information has reached ns of the' conviction' of those * 3 _urc-i ? _arted and talented patriots , John West , James teach , George White , and several others not so well known to fame , but we believe equally deserving the sympathy of their order . Think of their famiiies , _; brethren , and do more than think ; act , to save tbem from destitution . It is long since we saw anything worth quoting in the pages of Punch—now a miserable _carricature Of its former self ; we were , therefore , rather surprised to find the following lines , suggested by the late West Hiding election , in that publication of Satarday last . A TRIFLE FROM BRIGHTON .
1 took the train to Brighton—I walked _beilda the sea , And thirty _ttoosaui _Londoners were there along with tae . _"fl * crowded every _IoSglcg , and we _lntaber-d each hotel , _-Ssrff'd _« he briny for an _appjtlte , and dined extremely wdl . The _Ciiffit shows like Rfgent Street come down for the tea air ; _Jfot la Hyde Park ' s self de Isdiesmore becoming bonnets wear ; In enchanted ' upper circles' one stems to move about , 'Wi . tn the sunshine brings the flies ami private equipages out .
ToBrighton tbe Pavilion _lendsalath-aud-plftitar grace—Tit _sbrina for fittest God of this pleasant wateriag place ; And _sgalnst the ahow and shallowness , the vanity ani gl « e » frith bis holla-r _, hassle-- _mormsr * comes np tha * okmn Sea . , J tat _tfc-re fn the Bedford , aud in the Tons I read £ ) ' the TFe «; Riding Can-as- , and a tbenght came in my head : How England ' * one Gr , > st Brighton— . we all so rich and
" While at onr feet snd In erer fscs s _SSS Comes Up alway , Oar weslth i « Tart , our gains grow fast , wo are dealers f 3 ir snd free ; © ur goods tempt every _rauket , our ships pi nigh every sea " , ; Onr lords are great , our traders true , onr priests geod men asd grave ; Oar wcaun fair , onr sailors _sttonch , oar _goldiera blast and brave . We hare a . brilliant lot for some , a bustling lot for all ; Oar bold oa life teetasmanfrU , our fear of evil small ; _Sut underneath this surface , with all its strength aad shine , Ihe hoarse asd heaving sea of toil doth chafe , and moan , acd rains .
For I saw how In that Canvass , were it Whig or were it Tory lhat talked to ths Electors , It was always the same _atcry : _Whsfe ' _er the hustings _taid-ia praise , or _self-coagratolatlo ! - _. Produced a comment from the crowd of aught but approbation . It wa * Capita ! a _~ preacb ! ng , out of plump and prosperous men _.
And _Labanr't hundred hungry throats _refusing their ' Amen : ' "WhenRichea mentioned * _Iadastry , ' Bsgs answered with 'Despair , ' _AndFa-tian _rapp'ds curse oat , wben Broadcloth talked of prayer . t dropped the Tiheb to lock upon the CCS with all its life , Aad thst stem sea , tbat now '(* sb carl its white waves as _f-. r strife—And I Mi to set * * for spptti ' . e frcm the briny , ' twas in
vain _. And so took mj place for London by tha earliest fa « t train . How long will the ocean waves of Democracy be Content to chafe' and ' moan ? ' When will the almig hty waters pass over and cleanse the pestiferous soil of the land of Privilege ? There is one consolation—the sea of human misery mines while it moans I Think of that , ye * Sentlemen of England Who live at home at esse !'
Ie may say ' after us the deluge , ' but unless you are [ utterly indifferent to the happiness of yonr children , yon will put from yon any sucb selfisb reflection , and will forthwith set abont taking tbe * sece * sary means to prevent tbat deluge . Do you My « pnr soldiers , onr policemen ; onr spies , our lawyers , onr judges and our jurors , are the means we depend on to protect us from the inundation of revolutions . '—Then be assured , you or yours , perhaps both , -will suffer the just penalties of your wilful blindness . In the language of _YotSEf terrible catastrophes wB remind you that the laws of nature and tbe precepts of wisdom and truth , cannot be trampled upon in vain . '
Tbe inmates of our workhouses , as well as the cofferers iu our prisons , claim a word of sympathy . That sympathy we shall best give expression to by reprinting the following admirable protest against Ihe oppression of those whose poverty is their * C _** i _* a « -
THE POOR HOUSE . BT * U «* X COWrWAK . Clots at the edge ofa busy towa , A huge _quadranru ' ar mansion steads ; Ita rooms are _filed with parish poor ; Ita walls are built by _panpsr hands ; And the _paujer old anl _« h « pauper _yonng Peer out , through tbe gates , ia sullen bands . Beiin _-3 , Is * paten of esrtb , by thorns p-ce-4 in fromth _» m » ot ' s _i-ldt marshy plains By tke side , is a gloomy lane , thst steals To a quarry now filled with years of rains : Bat within , within ! There Poverty scowls , _Surtiag in wrath her brood of pains . Entir an * look ! ' Io the . high-walled yards Fierce men are pacing tha barren ground : Enter the long bare _chambers;—glrlt
And woman are sawing , without a sound ; Sewing from dawn till the dismal _evs , Aud not a laugh or a song goes _rousd . 2 _? o _commtmlsn—no hint thought D - / ells ia tbs pauper ' s breast of cite ; _TSothmg but pain in tht grievous put ; Sothlag to come but the black despair—* Of bread is prison , bereft of friends , Or hunger , ant In tka _epeu air I Where U _thebriaht-hairad girl , that _enee With her peasant aire was used to play f Where ( s tht bay whan his mother Massed , _TTfiow eytt wera a light on htr weary way ! Apart—barred oat ( so tht law ordains ); B- _^ _ra 4 oa tfrc- » e * eho _* _hwbyiiIghtandbyday Letters _tbty teach ia their infant _schaoU ;
Bat where art ths lessons ef great God taught t _Lessoat that child to the parent _bind—Habiu of d * _tj- _—Uvt Tnbanghtl Alas ! amall goo * will bo teamed in schools _Whsrt Hat-ore it trampled and turned to nought , _Sereataea ¦ rammers , and where the girl WboseVtf gr « w up at her father ' s ante t Twenty _aatomnsl storms hava sorted Tbt panne ' s boyhood , aad where It be ! au tanteth ber _brsad tn Qui midnight land : Et ioQub in o 2 ** _la » la Vat Scrtihata &** _,
¦ Wreath L "We Bring A Spiritof Sadness ...
0 Power ! 0 Prudence ! Law!—look down From your heights on tht pining poor below ! 0 sever not hearts which God bath joined Together oa earth , for weal and woe i 0 _S-uatori grave , truths may be , _Whichythavasotlesrnea , or deigned to know 0 Wealth , oome forth with tn open hand ! 0 Charity , speak with a a « f _« er soand 5 Yield pity te Age—to tender Yonth—To L _^ -s , wherever iu _homeba fonnd ! But I cease , —fo * I hear , in the ni ght to come , The cannon _' a fchst and tae rebsl drum , Sinking the _firra-aet Eoglish ground ! We quit the painful subject of human misery , and turn to the more grateful labour of transferring from our scrap-book a few items , descriptive of old customs and pastimes at this season .
THK * £ i 9 r OP _TclB _, According to Prtoopius , Christmas was originally no other than the _Gothto fea _* t of _Tu'e or Jul , celebrated professedly in honour of Thor the son of Odin , answering to the _Die-piter or Jupiter of the Romans , but reallyin honour of the sun at tne _wintersolstloe . Among tbe northern nations , thi * feit ' . vrd wat ths great season of sacrifice , and the Dints seem to hare immolated hn man victims on the altars of tbeir titities . The Goths _ut . « a to sacrifice a boar ; for this animal , like tte horse among the P _« t & Un * , wu , according to their mythology , ssered to the son . The boar was the Typbon of the Bijp' -iaus _, tho implacable enemy of Osiris , the sun , who , under his Syrian appellation of Themmus , wai an . _nually -lain by this beast .
Boat ' s head was the grand dish on the tables of our forefathers on Christmas Day . Aubrey , who wrote in 1686 , speaks , be it observed , of the general customs as extinct before his time ; 'Before the last civil wars , ia gentlemen ' s homes at Christmas , the first dish that was brought to the table , was a boar ' s head with a lemon in Us mouth . '
HOBTMBH _CtJSTOH * _. It is customary _among the peasants in the northern parts of the Continent to make bread during _Christmas in the fatta of a boar pig , which tbey place upon the table with other dishes ; exposing it , as a good omen , the wbols oi tba feast . . Tbey call tbis bread Julayall aud _soaaatlmei _Su _imi _^ _jnUr , because it waa _dedicated to the ran . According to morchern mythology the boar _WEl the favorite dish of tbeir Immortalised heroes . Among the _Githlc nscges of Jul cr Yule , it may be mentioned that tt waa alsa customary , _espscially in Sweden , for different families to assemble in one vil . iage , and to bring with them meat and drink for the celebration of Ibe feast ; the same was observed when there was a general concourse ta tha place wbere One oi their temple * Blood ; and this was probably tbo origin of ths custom still maintained among u- , of relations and friends feasting at each other's _houiaa at this time . Here is an account of an
_SSCIEH 5 SCOTTIlH _CDJTSM , Income parts ot Scotland , he who first opens the door on Yule B _, y , expects to prosper mora than any other member ot the family , during the fatare year , because , as the vulgar express it , ' He lets ia Yule . ' On open _, ing tbe deor , it is customary with some , to place in ( he door-way a table or chair corered with a clean cloih ; and , according to their own _language , to 'Set on it bread and cheese to Tole . ' Early in tbe moraing , as soon aa any one of the family gets out of bed , a new be .
sera is set behind the outer deor , tbe _deaign being to 'let in Yule . ' Theie superstitions , in which _Yola !• sot only _personified , bat treated as a deity , are evidently of Heathen _origin , it is also common to have a table _cevertd in tbe house , from moraing until evening , with bread and drink upon it , that every ene who calls may take a portioa , and it is considered particularly Inauspicious if any ene comes into a home aad leaves it without participation . Whatever number oi persens call on this day , all must partake ot the good cheer .
_Ve believe we _nny safely assert that no vestige of this custom exists iu Scotland now—Calvanism has banished Christmas . It is true our canny friends _raake some amends for their neglect of this festival , by their festive observance of Hogmanay and New Year ' s Day . From the North to the South . Here is a notijeof ,
_GHiUTSis _reiartKo at _vbhicb _. Amongst tbe customs observed on Christmas Ere , ths Venetians eat a kind of pottage , which they call torts de latagne , composed of oil , onions , paste , paisley , pine nuts , _raWn _* , currants , and candied orange-peel , A writer of the sixteenth century , gives the following description of .
IBB _MCHStEB _* . First of all , the wild heads of the parish , flocking together , choose tbem a grand Captain of Mischief , whom tbey _ionoble with tbe title of lard _ifisraie : and then they crown him with great solemnity , and adopt him for their king . This king anointed , ehoos ° th forth twent y , _for'y , threescore , or an handred last ? bailies like him . self , ts wait _npoa his lord ' s majesty , and to guv * bis noble person . Then every one of _thsse men ha _investeth with his liveries of green , _yellsw , or some other light colour , and at though they were not gaudy enough , they can bedvek themselves witb zcuSs , ribbons , ' and laces ,
hung all over with gold rings , preciaus stones , and other jewels . Thia done , they tie abont cither leg twenty or forty belli , have rich handkerchiefs in their hands , and Some laid _acrost cv * r their necks and shoulders , -Tkns all things set in order , thea have they their bobby horses , dragons , aad otber antiques . And for tbe further innohling of this honourable Lord of Misrule and his accomplices , some of tbe ptople give bread , some ale , some new cheese , some old cheese , some custards , some cracknel * , some cakes , some _flsans , same tarts , some cream , soma meat , some one thing , . and 80133 anether .
Mummers still play their antics in some parts of the country , principally we believe in the West of England , but their ancient glory' has vanished with the long ago . ' The custom of singing Christmas Caro ' s still lingers even in this most unpoetical metropolis . Formerly even Royalty patronised
_cnsivrius ciaou . H ' . _D _' y TIT ., in tbe third jesr of big reign , kept his _Citisfmas si Greenwich , on which occasion _severalcaroh used to ba sung by gentlemen ot theking ' s chapel . Tbe earliest collection of Christmas carols supposed to have been published , is only known from tbe last leaf of a volume printed by Wysken de Worde in 1521 . Dr Bawlin . son , ia whoa i _posieulou it _was for _masy years , bequeathed it to the _Bodleha . Library . Tbe custom of _siogter carols at Christmas prevails in Ireland to tbe present time . In Scotland , where ao churoh feasts hare
been kept since the days of John Knox , tbe custom isun . _kaowa . In Wales , it is still preserved ts a greater extent , perhaps , than in Eagland * . a * , a formal period , the Webb had carols _adapted to most ef tbe ecclesiastical festivals , and the four seasons of the year ; but tn our times they are limited ta that of Christmas . After tbe turn ef Midnight at Chriatmae-eve , service is performed in th * churches , followed by the _sieging of carols to tbe harp . Whilst the Christmas holidays continue , tbey aro song in like manlier in the houses ; and thero ara carols especially adapted te be sung at the doora of the houses by _tisitors btfore they enter .
In a former Garland , we gave an account of the wassail bowl . We now add tbe following note : —
_WiSSilt . Ths salutation woes hod , or ' health to joa _. 'ij tQ 8 Orlg ! a of this word . In toe progress of time it eame to be tbe same given to a bowl of spice 4 ale . ' The watiiaUs , ' _ssytStrutt , ' erenow quite obsolete : it stems , howeur , that fifty yeart back -oae vestiges of them were remain ing in Cornwall ; but . the time of their performance watcbaagedtoTw-Utb & _i _. y . ' Tha evs of this dsy ia Yorkshire , la tbs last century , was called ' Wassail B _» e , ' frem ths use of tbe waiisll bowl , a preparation of spiced ale . We shall best follow up this glance at old customs , and old times , by finding a place for the [ following melody , from the pen of an eminent writer well known in tbe north of England .
• WHEN THIS OLD CAP WAS NE ? . ' Wben thit old cap wat new , ( Oh ! well I mind that' when' ) Old England , cow to sad , Wat ' MerryEngland' then . Hex tots was * ta _ttomire ; Her men were leal and true ; And blithe wera English _toagt When thia eld cap was nsw . Wben this old cap wat new , We reaped the golden grain , Aod brought it boms witb Joy , Along tbe yellow plain . And gaily foam'd the a !* — Fer what thonld make nt me I He male-tax' _barr'd the bowl , When tab old cap wat now I
When tbis old cap wu new , Tbt old satin the tant And blithe wtre still thtir looks , Became thtir work was dons ; Toe grand-Ira ' s _taow-whlte locks Had then all honour dee ; For * children * th * n' ware ptaris / When this old cap wat ntw _. When tbit old tap wai new , Ho faetaritV eould tntlave ; Xo mothers thtn wept e ' er Their ehildrea't living grave . Tht loans wat plita at home ; And as the woof it grew , Tbe greater waxM tba jay , Wfua this o'd cap was ntw . Jfew caps must follow old ;
Yet blest oar _ooun try ' s _utott _. And may . wt ihe to eon Her prtMBt wot aad _tkanu ; Oar ancient rights restore , Oar ' hellish foe * _saWoe , And rathe thasa what they ware , Whtn thlt old cap wm ntw _.
¦ Wreath L "We Bring A Spiritof Sadness ...
Of course our readers will look for a Christmas story . The one we are abont to give tells neither of gho 3 tsnorof goblins , but ofthe stern realities of life . We leave to others to narrate the doings of the great and the revelries of the _fortunate-tM select a leaf from the short and simple annals of the poor . ' DATES AND VIOLETS . The winter of 1838 was very _serer- — tha poor still shiver at Ub _reraombtauw , _psolOTgen lar beyond Hs ordinary limits , there was little save the increasing l-ngthof _tbedaytto give token of the progress of the _teason- . The snow lay on the ground in April , and the pleasing breath of spring' gave way to the cold blast of tho bitter north-east wind .
It wasin thia nngcnlal season that a Moorish vender of dates , and a little ceuutry girl Who Offered violet * for sale , took up tbeir station at the foot ofthe bridge which leads from the Plaoe Liuit . _Qilnz > to tha Chamber of D _jputles . The sweet fl jwers bad pnt forth their teader _Wossams despite the snow snd wind , bat where they grew I cannot gaess . But flowers , fruits , and _vegetablea , can be procured at aU seasons ; how this is managed ii a mystery , and I Tartly believe more pine . _applef are grown in Paris than la MarHn _' _qae . The Moor was aa eld man ; he was a native of Mase » ra , in the territory of Algiers , whtro he had been establUhed as a tanner , and _manufaotured _thatklnu of _rtdand brotz- coloured leather used by _sword-cutlers tot the sheaths end scabbards of daggers and aabre * . Tbis commodity is highly valued in the East ; and its preparation requiring _coniideraHa skill and addreis , those who excel in it _nte held in much esteem ; onr _date-merchant hadbeen distinguished for tbe superiority of hit goods .
His reputation wat _established , and his fortune was made , whtn the Frenoh dismantled Mascara ; and burnt It . The tanaer was mined ; they set fire to bis _worksbopa _, sad mads saddles of bis finest leather ; bis w ' . fn Ml by their bayonets , and his daughter _pcrl . _hed In tfae flames tbat consumed his building ;—his wife , who was called * The Moon ; ' hit daughter , _« Tbe Little _Baapberry , '—a beautiful name in Arabic , though it sounds strange In a translation . The poor tanner had mnch to endure . As an _Indemnifieatloa , he wss Invested with the tank of a Frenoh citiien , and enrolled In a kind of National Guard ; and with tha _rulna ot Ms bouse they _bollt 8 Cafe , where , after the fashion of _Parit , they drank beer , and _playea at dominoes . He went to Algiers , to lay bit complaint before the governor , wh j protested that it was nst in his power to prevent the vanquished from starving ; and yet wa talk of birbarlani , and call ourselves _eivlllsad .
Tbe tanner of Mascara was _graciooily permitted to _repair to France—that generous France who opens her arms to all who are deilrons of _ptrlsfelny with _bonger _, iu the _walkt of commerce , tho art' , or literature — but especially in literature . In _fcls _hospltalle country , the poor native of the Bast suffered terribly from cold , which penetrated his light garments ; the unbsppy msn bad chosen Paris for bis abode . H < -p ik- , bat so one understood bim ; be wept , and they comprehended bim still Itss . Ee pasted Whole days at tba corner of the Bourse , wbich he , in his simplicity , took for a Catbol ' c mosque . He concluded , therefore , that those who repaired thither could not fail to be eb & rlt & ble , for charity , says Mahomet , is a holy
dew—It is easily _scattere l abroad , and produces a rich harvest , Tbe oaly dew that descended on the Oriental was tbat of ths Parisian sky— no atoo _' t-broker dropped area a sous into his palm . ' Tbe camels endure huBger l-nger tban I have , ' _bbW the tanner , ' let me drew my girdle closer . ' He tightened hlsbel > , and thought on hts wife whom tbey oalled 'The Moon , ' and of his daughter The Llltla Raspberry . ' But the time came at latt when ne alternative was left , bnt to eat , to die , or to rab . Sitting on his heels , after the Saltern _fashion , tbe Moor _sutured a melancholy smile to pass over bis count-nance . ' I most die , * he said ; ' God kseps the _accoont of onractlcm . ' We shall soon lesrn the fats ol the poor tanner .
Nant _* rre is a vary pretty , delightful little village between Paris and St 6 ermain . en . Laye ; It is there tbat the more fortnnite inhabitants of the city repair to refresh themselrt a with the pure air of spring , after the fatigues aad the excesses of the long winter evenings . Here tbs llttl * seller of violets oi whom we hare spoken , was born ; ber father _t-otTsed in a vineyard , and her mother ( whea tbe cmld find a _purchas _**) sold cakes at the entrance of the P « rk ef St Cioad . These two occupations put together scarcely sufficed to pay the rent of their co _' . _tage , and purcbaie their daily bread .
When the UK I * g : ri began to get bigger—that is to say , when sbe was almost three feet high—they put a bonnet on her be id , sabots on her feat , and six bunches of violets in her bands , and _BaSd , You must walk three kernes every morning , and sell these violets in the _Btrsets of Paris . ' H « r parents were getting old , their sight waa falling , and their limbs were feeble . She _mnet see and walk for them , and she was ce-ntented to do it . Poor little girl ! beautiful as summer , fair as the patron saint ef Nanterre , who led her _threp t 9 the water-brooks , spinning as she went . '—she toiled painfully every day six long league )) to briug boms fit sons . But her father was now ill in bed , and ber mother sat ill in her cbair ; she must , nevertheless , go to Parle , through terrible roads , oceans of mud , and ihowtrt of snow .
The _* e sbe was at her post , at the foot of the bridge ofthe Chamber of Deputies , where so many chariots with emblazoned panels—so many rich men , drawn by four sleek , Well-fed borses _, swept along . She held slxbnncbes of violets in hor hand—tweet chile ! She offered them , after shaking ofi the snow , to all who passed ; but no one would purcbate them—no , uot one . See bad been tbere from six in the morning , and it was now near _mid-day . The tanner oi Mascara was not dead _; bo had met , by an extraordinary chance with a remarkably generous man , who had made him & present of a basket , a cord to string it wlrb , and three pounds cf dates . With this stock he essayed bis fortune . * Dates , dates , real _Tafilat dates ! ' be cried . Tbe first dsy he sold eight dates , the _stcond tbree ; tha tblrd day , that on wbich he cried hia dates at the foot of the bridge of tbe Chamber of Deputies , he had not Bold one , and they _wste now wetted by the rain , and soiled with mud .
Tbe little violet merchant , wbo had sold no more than the vender of dates , grew bine , asd shivered wltb cold . Tbe Moor took off his turban , and unrolled it , and said—or ra'ber he said _nothing , Tbe poor ohild _wmppsd tbe muslin round ber shoulders . Dates « . dates ' , _reai Tafilat dates !* Violets , ladies!—pray , bay my violets , ' Stiil no purchaser . Three o ' clock struck , and the cold descended to the eighteenth degree ; and neither one nor the _' _other had eaten anything that day . Some charitable persons laughed as they weat by at seeing a Turk _wltSont a turban .
At four o ' clock ibe little girl ' s heart failed her ; she I ased upon the parapet of tba bridge . The Moor then went tot-ards ber and said , ' How do you sell yonr violets , _madtmolselleV ' Six tons the six bundles , ' sbe replied ; 'Take and eat these ten dates—half of wbat I hive left—and give me two bundles of violets in _exobangs . ' By this means the child ef nature breakfasted . Tbe Oriental ate nothing ; hs had not jet fSSttd more than two days _. Thus it was that misfortune united the misery of the West _vjlth the misery ef the Bast—the flowers and ( he dates .
At sunset the ceVl wat so Intense as to sink the ther . mometar twenty . one degrees below the _fretalug paint . Showing his white teeth , tbe tanntr smiled as he looked up to heaven , Tbe child bid fallen asleep at the foot ot the bridge . She sleeps / thought be , ' and sha it at beautiful as my ' Little Raspberry . ' Let her sleep on . Dates ! datesl real Tafilat datesV Paris wat lighted up . It wat splendid ; it glittered beneath the dark sky , as II under the _arcbeS roof oi a mine . People went to balls , to tht opera , the cafes , and the _miBurauts , where they ate _apricott at forty fraect the platt . In bis turn tbe Moor f « U the influence of sleep ; he yielded to it the more readily as now there was little chance ot telling aay of hit _datet . It wat seven o ' olock and the thermometer had tank twtnty . _one degrees .
It wat a good thought before he slept to draw near to tbs child , that he might warm her with tbe sort of _burnooas which the glorious conquest of the French had spared him . He kept one part , aad threw tht otber ever the pretty Ut » le violet merchant . ' They are itlll asleep ! We imagine the above tragical story—which , once read , will not soon he forgotten—to be a translation from the French . We have no knowledge of the name of the author . The story ofthe poor , aweet violet-seller , reminds us of the following lines on a like subject , by the honourable member for Pontefract : —
THE _YIOLBT GIRL , Bl _« . HOXCKTOK _KIIBBS _, ESQ ., U _. t , When fancy will continually _rehsarst Some painful scene once pleasant to the eye , 'Tit Well to mould it into gentle vene _, That it may lighter en the spirit lie . Home yeitern evt I wearily returned , Though bright my morning mood and ihort ay way , Bnt tal experience in one moment _eoraaJ , Can _erutk the heap' 4 enjoyment ! of tba day . Passing tht corner ofa populous ttrtet _, I marked a girl whose woat it wat to stand , Wi t * pallid cheek , torn gown , and naked feat , And bunches of fresh violets In etch hand . There her small commeret In the wintry weather , She plitd with accents miserably mild ; it was a frightful tbenght to set _togrbsr
Those blooming blosiomt and that fading eblla Those luxuries aad largest of the eartb , . Beauty and _plsasure to tbo gents ef man , Ant this poor sorry w « el east looisly forth On Life's wild watte to struggle at it can I To tat that odorous purple ml & istert So r _a-be » xlQgm « m _« r lisaudlnip ' jtbg gl « s , While _nwanest Images alone are hers , Tbe sordid wants ef bate bumaaity ,
¦ Wreath L "We Bring A Spiritof Sadness ...
Think after all thlt lapis of hungry hours , In the dltfaraiib'd chamber of dim oold , BowBbemost loathe tbe very smiling flows- * That en the squalid table lie unsold ! Best on yonr woodland banks aod wither there , _Sw-etpreludertof spring ! far _bstt r so , " Than live misused to fill the grasp of oare _. And serve the _plteooB purpose of ff 06 , _TTe are no longer Nature's _graolousglft , Yourselves so much and harbingers of mote , But a most bitter Irony to lift , * Thn vail that hides our vilest mortal sore _. The members of the Land Company will find the following song suitable for their festivals : —
THE FREE ENGLISH _WORKIKO _MAHi HI EDWIK _QILIi , ( Air , ' The Old English Gentleman . ' ) I'll sing yon a jovial son / that was mad * at a recant date , Of a careful Eagllth artisan , who bought his owa estate , That once _bslong-d to a spendthrift lord , wbo wealthy was and great , But who became a ruined prodigal , aad merited bis fate _.
Lik * many of the _arlitootac ; of ths present time _. Sow this artl-an he tared his pence , and so did many ta jre , Andthe lord ' s estate was purchased by the savings oi the poor Allotted out ia paroels small , o « _aorea , not mora than foar , ' A cottage built—whioh a castle Is , when _onca Is shut tbe door , For a free-born English _worklsj man In _thsprwent time .
Now 1 Mb artisan ho uft the town for healthy air and field ' s , And caiefully he tills the ground , and well the spade he wlelis , And bounteous nature tor his tolls her blessing freely _yUl- ' a ; Aud Industry and _Provldenot ' gainst ilavery er « tho shields For all free-born English working men ln tbe present time _. At early morn bis children rha with _heallby , rosy cheek , And lightly o ' er tbe dewy _grasB , their father anxious seek ; Whilst In Ma _eata ttm _ianoaents their artless tales do _spsak . Go ask , If io the town again a slave he'd be a week f Not he , the free-born Englishman , one of the present time .
When the sun hat aunk behind the hills , aad darkness shrouds the earth , He to hia cheerlal cottage goes where all Is joy and mirth } A happy wife then welcomes bim , and plenty on tbe hearth , Besp . aks aloud his _happinots , and tells of land the worth To a free-born English worklog ra » n one of tha present time . The bass and hireling Press-gang crew may try to hurt tbe plan ; And worthless Idlers envious look upon the working man , In vain , for ob 1 with gratitude until life ' s latest span , His blessings and his prayers will ba for tho founder of the plan , That made bim a free bold _Englishman , ene of the present time
Sow surely this is better far then all the vain parade , Of gaols and battlles , Gagging Bills , aud all tbat oan be said In praise of Emigration ;—tben take up tbe new trade , Aud make each Briton once more free , with hts _birthright and the spade , As industrious working men should be In every age and clime _. Old England thea for evermore might banish war ' s alarms , Her uatknal deleace would be In each storey Briton't arms ; For beauty , home , and fatherland , each manly bosom warms ; While plenty , p-ace , and happiness , all _dltconto & t disarms , From the minds of _truj _. born Englishmen In tho coming time .
Ftefueto *
_ftefueto *
Memoirs Of Citizen Caus ' Sidiebe, ' Ex-...
MEMOIRS OF CITIZEN CAUs ' siDIEBE , ' Ex-Prefect of Police and Representative of the People . London : R . Bentley , New Burlington Street .
[ Third and concluding notice . ] We concluded our extracts in last Saturday's Star with an account of the invasion of the Assembly on the 15 th of May . _Commentins' on that affair , Citizen Caussidiere observes : — 'There are the prisoners of _Vincenues to explain their acts and their intentions . ' He significantly adds : — ' Perhaps , as one of them has said , some personages who are not at _Vincennes , will play an unforeseen part in the trial ' . ' Of one of the prominent prisoners of Vincennes , we are told , that' Those who are not acquainted with Sohrier , regard him as a bloodthirsty and a dangerous man . He is nothing of the kind . Sohrier is a man of mild and impressible character —impassioned in his opinions , and , perhaps , too easily swayed by the impulse of the moment . He is a true friend of the unfortunate ; his heart and his purse were always open to their necessities . '
We quote the following from Citizen Caussidiere ' s comments on
THB _VATAL _Pil * OP JONB , Wbat invincible courage was tbere not _d'sployed in those three days ? And yet the insurgents acted upon no organised plan , bad no leaders to guide tbem The people , deceived and beholding unabated _mla-ry at their firesides , threw themselves into this _insurreotion of despair . Whilst they were accused ef pillage and incendiarism , the ' rfbgsbore for tbeir Inscription , 'Respect persons and property ; death to thieves ! ' and they fought only for the realisation of a Democratic and Social Republic . Wherever tbey _galnsd tho upper hand they carried themselves with prudence and moderation . Their batner wat not soiled by any act of dishonesty . They defended thoir rights even witbout the aid of tbe counsels of their
elders in insurrection , whom tbey hoi not even made erqisinted with tbeir projects . Tbey bad intrenched _themeelvet strongly , and they fonght valiantly ; but what prov _^ _a the absence of any organised system , U the fact , that many workmen hesitated how to proceed , and did not join tbe revolt , Again , no lino of communication had beea _establi-hed between the _different _euartiert . There wet na ensemble . The insurgents bsrricedtd themselves , each in their own _dlttrlcts , instead of establishing tbeir head-quarters at some central point cf the city , to as to enable tbem to branch out In & U direction * The chief point , when an insurrection Is meditated , Bhould be to gain ground , and to penetrate into tbe vtry heart of the _tnemy . As long as it _f'mains within its primitive limits it it ears to be annihilated ; its chief means of _succ-sb Us in the extension of itt operation * .
It _ihould always intereept tke Boulevards and the quays , to prevent tbe advance of tbe military , a » _5 keep outposts to soour tbe oatward Boulevards that surround Par : _§ . I shall abstain from _spiaklnaj of practical measures , lest It thould bo said I am giving advice to bo _aotsd upon on a future occasion . Thit civil warfare astounded the _Attembly , and especially the membert of the Mountain . It wat in the hall of tte Assembly tbat I wasfi .-t-t in'ormed . tbat the temper of the public _mlod , which bad agitated Paris for tome days past , had ttk . n the chape of an outbreak , for I no
looser lived In the centre of tbe elty , but bad withdrawn to the house ol a friend near the _Barrlere de I'EMU , to acotlerate my convalescence , and te devote myself to tbs study of certain _quattiont which I had purposed bringing forward . I wat not , therefore , _aueotiranf ofwhat wat going on , _Nevertbsleis , I was greatly surprised at not haviag _rt & tlni any 1 -. formation on the aubjeot , I qutstloned suoh of my _frltndtat I thought likely to b » will Informed , but like myself the ; kntw nothing , and were lost in conjecture ,
The day and evening of Friday were passed in the mott painful aasltty , T « _rtlons mast unlav _. _UiaW * to tbe Insurgents were circulated in tbe _A'sembly , and ea . _lumnltt whleh originated outside were _eiaggwattd a bonired . fold within . I offered to go to the Insurgents , with some _friends of the people , to bear their complaints , and , If possible , to quiet them . I , however , _deaaadei a written warrant to tbat effect . Booh a step was _otbirtriis Impossible . IIy offer wat rejected . Oa the Saturday mor & W the _disorder had increased ; the Assembly wat _tcareely guarded by the troopi of tbe line , who were _d-Jroted and worn out by fatigue .
It wat reported that tbe intimation wat gaining ground , that the faubourg St Aatblae was is possession of many _phoet of artillery , and that tht _Insur-ants kept their ground on tbt left bank of thi Seine . _Fsir was legibly written on the white _eQunUatneet ot many . It wae even proposed ta remove tbe sittings ti tbe Aiitmb ' y ontstde of Paris t U . Paioal _Daprat nqulrtd that tht city shonld be declared In a _ttfctt of tie - •! We energetically protested against tuch a step , and for _amomtht'I feared a _confllot weuld _tasuo within tbt walls of tbe Assembly between the Mountain and the reactionists _. The ilttlng wat _sutponded . I wu thtn informed that tht _Iniurgeata had _teletted me for their leader , and that my name wat tbeir rallying word '
, ..... I replied , that if t had commanded and organUsd tbt Ittwrreotlon _. Ithouldat that moment _bavtbtw In fta _ralditof tbt ln * _n-ftBt-, _« _id » ot to tba midst of tb » lr _tntaltt . And , fortooth , betides the cowardice of web ta aet toward * ths -peofto , would M not hava bmfe « 4 _»
Memoirs Of Citizen Caus ' Sidiebe, ' Ex-...
ne » to have _tbut plaoed myself in the power of those whom I thonld have earned to bt attacked ? If I bad been In atmmunlcatlon with the Insurgent ! , thould I net on the _Stinrdsy have p _» rsusd * d tbem to make an stuck on the Assembly , and to _selst npon the members ef tbe government and the representatives of reaction ! I do not mean tbis at a _imtlfloatioB ; tht injuitioe of my enemlea prevents me from attempting any cucb thing . As regards the people , as I hava said before , if I had acted In concert with tbem , they would havo beheld mo upon tht barricades , and I should hava died thete sooner tban cede anlaoh of ground . » » » The results of the victory of reaction In iboie fatal day « were , the state of siege , martial law , and the law of transportation , the commission of Inquiry , the disarming of workman , the dosing of the olubs , tho _-uppresilon of the popular journals ; in a wor 4 , the violation of all _Ilbertlct , aud the _stesr despotism of tbo strong _baad .
It showed many In their true light , and _oausod ts many to throw off their masks , so tbat they also were s : en in _thelrr / ghicolonrs . Who direoted the attack on the Place de la Bastille against ths Faubourg Sj Antoine ?—M . IUcurt , the phy « sicia ** of the Faubourg , with the _a-sUtanoe of Central Perrot _, the same who , on the 21 th February , commanded Paris against as in tbt name of K > ng Louis Philippe I Who demanded the ttate af siege and a dictator * h p ? —M . Daprat , _formerly tbe editor of Democratic journals . ' Who _aupported tbe necessity for the vote of _transpor _. in Ian!—Many Republicans , alas ! whote names wo haie not the © outage to mention 1
Who hai to boast of the idea of transporting the vanquished in tbis Boolal warfare beyond the _sbbs ? tf , Senard , who 'found the measure in hit own heart * , ' and who , whilst tbey were picking up tbe dead bodies In tbe Faubourg St Antoloo _, regularly riddled and cut np by ball And _grapa , exclaimed with a tbentTic . il air ;—i 2 em * "Cie _2 Dieu , _IfesiUv-rt ! _OK . ' gueje » _ui * / _Httissier * _, oat es le palais pour rassemb ' er Its repmenlans ! Herd a Dieu ! ' ( Render thackt to God , gentlemen ! Oh ! how happy I _& m I _Ushvrt , scour the palaoe to call the _representatives together ! _TheJLord be praised !) We now come to the night of the 25 th—26 th of August , when , indicted by Odillon Barrot ' s Inquisition , Ledru Rollin , Louis Blanc , and Caussidiere were put upon their defence in the Assembly . Passing over the eloquent self-vindication of Ledru Rollin , and the logical defence ol Louis Blanc , we extract the following notice of
CAD 88 IDUBE AHD HIS ACCDSI &* . It was pait ten at night when my tarn to speak oame , I bad _reqiefted an adjournment to the next day , but tbo government bad taken Its _measures , and wiabed to bave It over at osco , M , Marra-t , tbe President of the Assembly , Insisted upon the business being terminated that night . Bit _uotlon wai put to tbe vote and _oartied by a _msj _vriiy . My right plan would have been simply to place my _explanations and justificatory documents upon the _bvaawo . of Ae President , ana to de . toand ( heir iasorlidn In the _Mokitedb _, with an energetic protest against the right of jurisdiction Imposed by tbe royalists on the republicans , whose greatest fault in their eyes was , that they bad always stood up for ths interests of the people , as the first point to be _considered ,
The continued state of _ozcitemtnt iu which I bad born living for tho laat week , with ' twelve houra of a fatiguing debate , bad superinduced a complete moral prostratian within me . Anger and _di'gust sucoeeded each _othcirapidly in roy mind . 1 had often mentally gone through all the accusations brought against me , and yet when I was ia tbo tribune my memory failed me ; an invlscllle _Jrowalntas came over me , and I fult tbe utmost _InJiffurfnoe > to everything around , A prey to a kind of temporary hallucination , I thcught I buheld In that Assemb ' ya _tribussl of the Inquisition . The semi-obscurity which pervaded tho hall , a heavy atmosphere , and facts pale from fatigue , _increased the deception , I _tnfehllli oally commenced reading the enormous bundle of pipers I hedin my hand , which certainly deserved abetttr reader . I could _fcarcely see tha writing , and I endeavoured to _ahtiks off tbe sort of stupor tbat waB stealing
over mo , At this moment , when my memory is olear , I renumber that on thia occasion I was _drawlipg throogh my narrative as a priest weuld hia breviary . I ktpt apostrophising myself nil tbo time , as follows : — 'Thy Willy and _tby friends ara in a Btate bf anxUty ; throw away those papers , anl spoak out like a man—3 bold , _wjjt meditated _apeaoh will hava _abattst tS «*> Mb « r > _t ' a ' it draw'ing narrative . ' In fact , onos or twioe I stopped reading , and by a few _energtlo words gained for a moment tho uttentiiin of the _Assembly ; but I soon foil buck into the torpor tha * enthralled mo , aad resumed the _Int-rminsbla _rainmcript . I _suffered terribly that nigh ; . When I think ofthe _bucocbi _somoolmy _speeches bav ? obtained under _csrta ' . r _, _ciieurastances , I ask _mysftlf bow It happened , that with so much io _siy , I did not , accorilng to any own _ostimttlon _, act up to tho _exigencies of the casa . Opium and _fatigue had paralysed my
_powers . What followed , our readers know . The majority , while shrinking from proceeding against Ledru Rollin , passed resolutions of accusation and arrest against Louis Blanc and Caussidiere . Acting upon tbe advice oi their friends , the accused patriots witbdre _** " from the Assembly , and took refuge in thi country . Citizen Caussidiere concludes his Memoirs with the following sentences : — The events of February having called ma from the obscurity of private life , the remainder of my existence is due to tfcstpopular _revolution . The question is still to be decided , whether _thd nations in future are to combat wiih tbe weapons of reason _.
IIow fondly after Febrdary did I cherish the belief , that we had entered upon the pa _* * i oi fraternal harmony , I urged onwards to It with all tbe energies of my nature ; and , indeed , _selfiibncsB seemed to have _disappeared from France . I placed confidence in the noble instincts and qualities ef the human race , as a magistrate , it was one of my dreami—and the best—that I shonld bshold our noble oily of Paris more _splandvd than ever ; it had _raided the first patriotic shout for ; ha entrauehUenrunt of tbe workmen ; its _mics ' on _wuft to drive mhery awoy from its doors ; The stranger who visited it would _admira the neatness ond el . gance of the dwellings , even of tho most humble , aud its palaces would be devoted solely to the preservation of tbe master pieces of art _. Yes , I bad golden dreams ! and to day I behold only blood and misery !
Let us hope that this _^ _alnfal experience will serve as a guide to the next _gonoratlon , and that it will ba Its pride and happiness to proolaim , something to last for evtr , _bocIbI fraternity I It Is not too late tven for ourselves to behold the tri . umpb of oar principles I Lot u * be united and active in _pw-iagnticj * tbem , that onr Uig may be organised al tho ( allying point f jr all the vlttu « a which ara tbe deens et ( u _' amsn , the grace and the security of every good cltlzso . Ba such our ambition . Lit us endeavour to improve ourselves doily . Let us wag 9 war upon our ovll pastions , and we shaft bods be Invited to at . nd tbe birth of a new system of _society , whieh will be the elorloti _* re &' , > 8 » tlou of tne democratio and social Republic ! _Cacssidiebs .
We cordially recommend this work to our friends , and earnestly hope that its sale will be as extensive as is the democratic reputation of its honest , patriotic , and popular author ;
Gbnebal Bem.—General Bern Is The Son Ofa...
Gbnebal Bem . —General Bern is the son ofa German , but was horn in Poland , —His reputation as an artillerist stands hi g h . Some _five-and-twenty years since , be had a quarrel with another Polish artillery officer , whom he challenged to tight v . ith pistols . They met . On the ground they tossed for the first shot , and Bem lost . His adversary took aim , fired . Bern fell . The officer , believing hira dead , prepared to quit the field 5 but Bern , who had received the ball in the right hip , turned over on his left side , raised himself on bis elbow , and said , ' Stop , comrade ; it is my turn now . Take your place . ' The officer did so , and in a moment fell , shot through the heart . Bern lingered long under the wound . The ball could not be extracted .
During twenty years he suffered excruciating torments from it * presence , and . a , last resolved on proceeding to London to consult the faculty there . He was told that tbe operation , to he successful , must be a very painful one . He at once said that he would _Buhmit to it . He was accordingly thrown by ether into a state of stupor , and the operation commenced . The circular saw had indented the bone round the bullet when the intense agony roused the patient . The operator became alarmed ; but Bem reassured him , called for his pipe , lighted it , and commenced sraohing while the operation was resumed , and was crowned with complete success . The ball was extracted , and Bem perfectly recovered .
_ANzw Matbbiat . for Batteries at _? d _Cofhnj . —A two-gun battery is in course of construction , at the Butt , in the Royal Arsenal , Woolwich , to test Ihe qualities of a composition submitted by Mr Kerraee , which ia said to possess greater advantages for the service than any yet tried , as , in the event of shot striking it , it will not separate into pieces , wbich are so liable to injure the men working the guns , when employed on the Latteries , formed of the materials at present in use . Platforms _constructed of Mr Kerrage ' a composition are not expected lo he injured by the recoil of the guns when tbe
fired , and the longer the material stands more combined and endurable it will become . The battery will he ready for the select committee about the end oi the fiiat week in January next . The inventor has also applied his composition to other purposes , having enclosed a child of his } own , who died in Juue , 1842 , and another , who died about twelve months ago , in bis patent coffins . Both the bodies are atn \ in his possession , and the former hehM kept in the bedroom for _upwatda of thte _' e years , aad they bave been witnessed by all the _prolcsVionil mea ia Nomcb .,
Tfartttfc* .
_tfartttfc * _.
An Auxiliary Workiouss Is To Te Ereoted ...
An auxiliary _workiouss is to te ereoted at LI _toTraJ . The _PresideBt of Frtnce will bave fl salary of £ 24 , 000 , a little more than ia paid to tbe Viceroy in Ireland . SuoKiso . in Nbw Yoek . —An American psper _fati _* mates the value of cigars daily smoked in New Yerk at 10 , 000 dollars . The work made by the paupers in Ennis wcrkhousff the _lasfc half-year realised £ 014 , The Slain at _Cbliodbn . —A subscription is _b'ing raised in Scotland for the purpo-e of _ereotir . j * a memorial over the graves of tho slain at CulloJen . The Ballinasloe Board of Guardians hava rejected the _prapsBal of making naw anions there .
_Ambkican Screw Steamer . —Tha Q , cebf . o Meb * _ccrtr states that next spring a gorew steamer ,- of 830 tons burthen , and 390 _hor-e" power , will _bsgin plying _batwean Montreal and Liverpool . 'Want WAsni _^ o . '—An American caperin g tha followmj ! advertisement : — 'Twosisters want washing . There are _vsry many sisters on this ride of tho Atlantic in the same predicament , A New York paper a > p , tbat th _*» land cleared of _buildinga by the _rrcent fire at _Brotkiys , ia tow selling
at higher prices tban it _c-sutd have fetobfd witb thi houses that formerly covered it Mr Macreadyan » MbFobrbs _t—Li _Philadelphia , the friends of Mr Forreit , American actor , _insulVsd Mr Maoready while on the stage , by throwing penny pieces and rotten eggs at him . _Tiiu _Masinbrs' Compass —The _Cbinepe ' _a-criba the invention of the mariners' compssa ! to their Em « peror Hong-Ti , who , tber say , was a _grand'on of Noab . The hononr of ita European discovery is ge » nerally given to Fiavio de Gioja , a Neapolitan , ill
1302 . # Frbe Trade—Seven thousand five bnndred and sixty eight quarters of foreign corn and 512 barrels of flaur were imported fcto Limerick a fortnight ago . _CnniSTUAS Geese . —A poulterer at _Spa'dinf * . ia L _' ncotaahwe , _^ preparing to _an _oply the _Linden market with Christmas fare , by _fatteainn _npwards oE three thousand geese , which daily ? at _twenty-orw sacks of oats . A Good [ Ia * jl . —¦ _Twobaatabelonsina f o BockiV , and in toe _enHoy jient of Mr Maodonald , € ah _carettnere , are reported to have lately _brooght ashore at one haul seven _tbonaaod haddocks . Stiffdiko Aemies . —Nmus and _Senriramig , who reigned 2017 _yearB _befora Christ had armies _smonnfc . ing to nearly 2 , 000 , 000 of _fighting men . The first _duards and regular troops , as a standing anny , wera formed by Saul . 1093 B . C . So says _Eusebius .
Lovb and Friendship . —Love is the shadow of the _rsornine , which decreases as the day advances . Friendship ia tbe shadow of the evening , which . _Btr-nelhens with the setting sun of lifr . Ybliow Fever at _Barbidok ? . —Ye'lo _* _hvar is said to be very prevalent nt the garrison in _Barbadoes One officer , Lieutenant Holmes , and _spveral mpn o £ tha 67 'h regiment had died from its effects . Smril pox had appeared at _Martiniqne . The ' Daily _Nsws . _'—It is stated that the _Dail- * News is to be BbortJy issued as a _permanent donbte sheet , and that the price ia to ba raistd to 5 _'i . Tha th « an experiment -8 said to have entailed a loss of £ 100 000 . _Tna Buck AcT .- ~ The sending anonymous letters demanding money , nnder _threit o _pxpwire , _& _o-. _wa « i made a capital felony by the 9 th of Georce I . ( 1722 , ) oalled the Black Act , and sews ! persons have been executed in England for the offence _.
A Curious Ssjzorb . —At Cork- the _oihsr day , a Mra Bridget Murphy , findint * ono of _h-r tenants in arrear for rent , and nothing better to distrain _nr-on . aotually ceized a yonng girl , and held possc * sion of her for three days , until the magistrates _interfered . Troops for Ikd'A . —The Directors of the Hon . EaafrlndM Company have issued ordors for 3 , 500 rapk and file to hold themselves ready to embark for Calcutta _, and Bombay , between tha 3 rd _» nd 10 . b of January next . A Bishopric Goiso a _Bfooixc—According to the _Dibwn Evbijiko Post , tho Bi-hoprio of Dowd , Connor , and DromoTe is Bo . t >{* abe _^ _gins , the diocese being £ 20 , 000 in Jdebt _. which tho new bishop will have to pay before he _touchsa a _pecny of his revenues .
A Ckdab _rp _LaBi ** - -- _* . —At Little Grimsby H » _Hnear Louth , Lincolnshire , there is now growing a cedar of Lebanon , which _mfa'urea thirteen feat in girth at a _height of six feet from th * srflvind . Tha height of thia superb tree is seventy feet , and tha spread of tho branches covers a Bpace of 1 G 0 feet in circumference . The _Easi Lasca _^ _htkb Railwat . —The works on tbe East Lancashire Railway , are fast drawing to a close , a « A \ i was expected that it would ba opened for _traffic between & lno and Burnley on the lst of January next ; but in consequence nf the earth _tjivinj * way at Barden _Cieuah , nea ? the Utter pbee , it will be delayed for a short time after that period . A Storm . —Ayrshire was visited by a _severe hail and thunder-storm a few days asO . A fl . _ltk of orOWS sitting on a _h-dse _r-n the faim of Mr John Duncan , Shalloch , parish of Coylton , were s . ruck by the electric fluid , and _sixty-two of them were killed .
Cuveb _Tjiibves . —A jeweller ' s window at Bristol , was robbed of fifty watobe . ' and ab' _-ut 3 S 0 _weddintrrin «* ii , by some thieves , who cu _* . a hole in the abutter with a circular saw , _having _plastersd the wood with treacle , so as to tnnke tho least possible noise . The sum of £ 150 has been subscribed in Sheffield , for Mr W . _Jacksor , formerly of tbit to *** , _onn of the survivors from the Ocean Mf _na-oh . who lost the whole of bis property , together , vitb hia wife and three children . Good _Oonsciescb . —A good _conscience i « more to _badesi-ed than all the riches nf _theE _»» t . Mow tweet are the slumbers of bim who can lie him down on his pillow and review the _fcransacti w of every day without condemning himself ? A good conscience is the _finest opiate .
_MvsTsRions _CiRCvjMsnscs . —An old gentleman , at _FiKhgusrd , who is upwards of eighty years old , was on the point ; of marriage with a young lady of _Eise _' een . On Monday night werk . e . _% * he ancient _awain was returning from a visit to hi * fair one , ha was se _' _z-d , thrown into a cart , and has not been Bince heard of . Ether anb CiwyMiM . — Ether and cWpfona _i have now been used with favourable effect in ! per- haps tw _* t thousand esse * ot _eaidwifery , and so far as 3 the Committee on obstetrics of the American Me- - dical _Association hx-ve been able to lesrn , witbout a a
single fatal , and vpry few , if any , untoward ' _¦ esults . < . Chinese Shopmen _—MesTg T . _Lsbr-y , _Scholes , 8 , and Co ., tea dealers , Newall'a _Buildings , Manchester , r , have had soma time two Chinese yonng men _em-1-ployoi as cou & ter-men , in which _oocupaiio' - both aro ro exceedingly attentive and active , and of _phoid and id quiet manners . Modest _—« A centleman _adv-rtis'a in a New Yorkrk paper , for _bwrdin a quiet genteel family , where ro there are _^ two or three beiutiful _ani _anoamp'ished id _younsr ladies , ard where his society' will be deemed ed a sufficiency for board , lodging , washing , and otheeiee et cetera * . '
Mai-huge , —It was one of tha Jaws of _LyeurRug _. _us , that no portions _sbou'd be _gi » cn with _JOSDg wi'iaenKI in Marriage . When thia great _lawgiver w & b calledlec upon to justify this enactment , he observed : —* Thafhal in the choice of a wife merit only should be conainai dered ; and that the law was mado to prevent yourjfurjf women beiDg chosen for their riches or neglected foi foi their poverty . ' A _SuBsirruTB von Soap—In Calif > rsia therhen grows a plant which ia used for waabing tvory deadea ciiption of clothing in cold running water , in _usinjsinj it as soap , the women cut tbe roots from the balbalbe and rub tbem on the clothes , when a _string lather ier i formed . To propagate tho plant tho bnlbs are set iet i : a rioh moist soil , and grow most luxuriantly in thi th soft bottoms of valleys , or on the borders of runninnin
streams . _AmondthftremwkaUftthJnga YirAicBil by _Evelyielyi in his * Journal of his Tour in tho NethorlaueV is , ' _i the case ol a woman who bad baen marri * d five an at twenty times / and was tben prohibited from _msrryicryirj again * , ' yet it conld not ba proved that she had evd evi made any of her _husband * avav , though the _suapidepkic had brought ber divers times to trouble . ' Good ? ob Horawo . —A yoang apprentice t » ft » tl ' _fhoemaking business askpd hia master wbat _answmswi he Bhould give to the often repeated question tion :: ' Does your master warrant hia shoes V ' _Acswxsw Thomas , ' said the master , 'that I warrant tbem tern prove _eotd , and if they don ' t , I'll make tbem goo gc : for nothin ? . '
A Si'BSTircTB yon Pomoe - . —M . _Maason , ton , il head gardener at tbe Luxembourg . Paris , haa lata _Iafn grown a new root , called _ulluco , which can very wty wu it is thought , loplsce the potato . It originally cor * oom from Peru , and Brows perfeotly well in tho oprn turn ai the flavour is very nearly the aatoe as that ofiha iha _ttt ' . o . In addition , the part above ground furnisirnisll a very agreeable _wgotable , something like the bine b « in flavour . Three crops of the green part ean be * be tained in tbe same season . The Floods , — -Lately in tbe counties of _Westmestnut land heavy rains , sleet , and snow hava fallen &' ra _s ' _. im incessantly , and the l » ke _« , _risers , aed _atieams vims m
_gfjatly swollen , having _oveiflowed their backs scks ;; coversd the adjacent low grounds to a _consideraidera extent «& d depth . Ah _Immbmsb _MoittjMBBr . — Tha secretary t » ry t _» Bosrd for management of Washington _Moctinjotunra _fiveo , in the Niw York Hsbald , the following ring 11 eripUon of the _intended work . The work , wfcei when niahed , will surpass every otber monument innt im world . The foundation 81 feet _iqusrn , will , willl namwed to 60 feet , at an elevation ot 2 % feetf : feett of solid masonry at this elevation . The great obeat _obct ( 6 * 00 f _« et high ) will start . The walls are to bto t » feet thick at tbe base , with an _opening in the _csthe cm of 25 feat to the top .
_IscaiAs * op Pactrkum —Qo Sunday week t » oek tt were in tha Cork Union _Workhf-ase no ; _fewer fewer 4 , 993 paupers , and those in a onion the _workhoy-rkhoiii whwh , _*« _wot \ g \ tiaUjbni \ _ttownt' * ina . C 00 l DO ' . 11 are now , besides the workhouse , two ether \ x _ <* bxtgtf eoavtBie & t miliary _taues provided , for tk » _Mtkt tn
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 23, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_23121848/page/3/
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