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'"' ' S L ' V' M ' ' the amelioration of...
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M E ISfSSSSiS^
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TO THE DEPOSITORS IN THE REDEMPTION
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DEPARTMENT. Having received many applica...
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, DECEHBEB 23, 1818.
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JUDGE PERRIN AND THE PRESS. The Irish Li...
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MERCY. Oa the 14tk of August hst, a poli...
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THE ASHTON AND MANCHESTER VICTIMS. Josep...
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THE ' WEST RISING ELECTION. Mr Denison's...
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EMPLOYMENT FOR T H E PEOPLE Thomas Carly...
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Co aeauers # comapqffl)MW-> i
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^L5 * Bann0 * P ubu »a MJ 'forthcoming m...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
'"' ' S L ' V' M ' ' The Amelioration Of...
" '¦ ' L ' M ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . ¦ / . ::.:: _V _' :. ______ :... _ , __ ™ _^ _^ ' 8 4 - ** _•* " *¦ _*¦**¦ - _ mmVi T ~ — ¦ i ¦ raUJlirT * i ¦ _ _!¦ » _lKihaW . t \ -m _&__ _^^ - - , . __ _Z-Tr _^ - _„•> -. „ . ' ' ¦ " _U—¦**** _^ - ——— - _-aa--a-a—aaaa _^ -ar __^ _^^ i _^^ m _^ _maa-m » ma _ mm—t--aama 3 ammi _^ mm _^ m _^ m _^ _, _ . - ¦ ni 1
M E Isfssssis^
M _ISfSSSSiS _^
Ad00410
m _* a _\ i-J _^^__*__ . -,. -,-,. - _^ _Roooner Esq ., I Spencer Horatio Walpole , Bi Bicbard Spooner , _« * , i e _ _^_ _^ __ ft * 33 r > ird _ransitUrt Keala , I Hear , Peter Fuller , Esq . : Esa . I * DIRECTORS . R _, Robert _Chalmen , E . g ., Bdwari Lomax , Esq ., St _Thurlowgaare , Bromp- Johns Wood . , _^ . Samuel MUler , Esq ,., _Iras < _E-mn-1 _D-irer . Eta ., White- cola'e Inn . l _^ _nT Sir Thomas Newley _Reere , H Henry Peter Fuller , _Ksa _.. Richmond . _rSccadiUT Edward Vansittart Neale iSk Griffith , Esq ., Esq ., Sonth _Audley-strcet Iroumonger-lane , Cheap- William A . S _Wertoby rife Esq ., Hyde Park-place .
Ad00411
A _BAHrrAIji TO BE DISPOSED OF A . ' PAID-UP FOUR ACRE . Share in the National Laad Company Price , oaly £ 3 15 s . _ , Enquire , if by letter ( post-paid ) , of J . 6 ., 29 , Walton place , Oxford .
Ad00415
TO EE SOLD . TWO FOUR-ACRE FARMS , adjoining each other , atthe Moat , Snig ' s End . They were both drawn _together , in a family ticket , out there are two bouses , be . , All applications to ba made to the Directors , at their Office , 144 , H : gh Holborn , London .
Ad00414
A PAID-UP TWO-ACRE SHARE , in the Land Company , to he disposed of , in consequence of the _adTertiser beany about to leave the country . Price , £ i . Apply to Thomas Meehan , _Sjdney-lodge , near South _, amnion .
Ad00413
A FULL PAID-UP FOUR-ACRE SHARE to be disposed of . Price , £ 4 . B = ferto W . Dixon , Director of tha _National Land Company ; or to R . T _., at John _Horsfields , opposite Travellers' Call , Ashton New-road , near Droylsden , Man . Chester .
Ad00412
A FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP SHARE in the National Land Company to be disposed of for £ i lis . Application to be made to T . _Burge , No . I . Castle Coffee _Hocfe , Old-street Boad , Londoa .
Ad00416
TO TAILORS . By approbation ef Her Majesty Queen Victoria , and H . B . H . Prince Albert , NOW BEADT , THE LONDON AND PARIS "WINTER FASHIONS for 1848-13 , by Messrs BeBjamin READ and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bloomsbnry-square , London ; and by 6 . Besses , HolywelUtreet , Strand ; a very splendid PRIST , _sup _« rblj cr loured , accompanied with the most fashionable , novel , and extra-fitting Riding Dress , Hunting and Frock-Coat Patterns ; the Albert Paletot , Dress and Morning Waistcoats , both single and double-breasted . Also , the theory of Cutting Cloaks ol every description folly explained , with diagrams , and every thing _respecting style and fashion illastnted . The method of increasing and diminishing all the patterns , er any others _firticol & xly explained . Price 16 s . BEAD andCo . bes to inform those _wha consider it
Ad00417
COLLIVEB'S COMMERCIAL COFFEE AND CHOP HOUSE AND BEADING BOOHS , 2661 , STBAKD , LOUDON . J OOLLTVER returns his sincere thanks to his Friends and the Public at large , for the support be has received at their hands during the last ten years , and hopes , by strict attention and civility , to merit a continuance of their patronage . J . C . alee begs to state , that having lately made extensive alterations and improvements in his premises , he is now enabled to afford sdaitional convenience without extra charge . A Commercial Coffee-room upstairs , with every facility Cot Travellers and Visitors from the country . The Honse is situated in the very heart of the Metropolis , in the centre of the Theatres , near the National land Office , and Public Buildings . Omnibuses pass to and from aU tbe Railway Stations , to meet the Trains , every five mi antes Beds , ls . to ls . Cd . per night . All other charges equal _' y moderate . NO FEES TO SERVANT *} .
Ad00418
DO YOU SUFFER TOOTHACHE » —K so , use BxiHDK ' e ESA 4 KL for filling the decayed spots , rendering defective teeth sound and painless . Price One Shilling only , _sioiilar to that sold _atTwa Shillings and Sixp a e . Sold by chemists _everywhere . Testimonials . — ' It bas gives me tbe nse of one side of my month , which luxury I had not enjoyed for abont two years . '—E . J . Macdosalb , Belford , _Northu"nberland . 'It is the most effective and painless cure for toothache I have ever found . I have no hesitation in recommending it to all sufferers . '—Captain THOHis WaiGnr , 12 , _Newington-crescent , _Loaden . ' I have filled two teeth , and find I can nse tbem as well as ever I did in my life . I bave not had the toothache since . ' — _Absiiuh _Colliss , Nonh-broak-place _, Bradford , Yorkshire . See nnmerons otber testimonials in various newspapers , every one of which is strictly authentic . If any difficulty in _obtaining it _oecurs send One Shilling and a Stamp to J . Willis , 4 , Bell ' _s-bulldings , Salisbury-iquare , London , and you will easure it by return of pest . _—Agents wanted .
Ad00419
THE NATIONAL VICTIM AND DEFENCE FUND . A GRAND NEW YEAR'S TEA PARTY , CONCERT ASD BALL , vrill be held at the Literary and Scientific Institution , John Street , Fitxroy Square , on _Tntsday evening , January 2 nd , 1819 , in aid of the above fax d .
Ad00420
- NOTICE . _A'CONNORVILLE AGRICULTURAL AND V MODEL FARM SCHOOL . Youths are respectably boarded and carefully instructed in the _rarioiu branches _-ffasve mentioned , in connexion with general education . by Mr D . GaxTEs _. M . C . P . . . * N . B . —Terms , _Bixteea Gu neas per Annum—a Quarter In advance . No extras- { only for stationary . ) Grocers ' Cheesemongers ' , & c . tic , children , he will receive on mutual aceonunodatiin .
Ad00421
HO MORE PILLS , nor aay other Medicine , for _Indiees-Uon , Irregularity of the Intestines , Flatu _' . eucy _, Palpitation of the Heart , Torpidity of the Liver , * _4 r * istwg _Headtach « , _HerrottEBeu , BiUontntss , General Debility , _£ _^ Ji _^ _7 , 8 pl ,: ? * * ' Prie _« 6 d , or Sd po , _t-free « 5 _g- _Stt . _*» i or _freebypMt , 2 s 64 ( In _stam _^*) _, Fifth DU BARRY'S POPULAR TREATISE ON INDISBSTIOX and _COKSOTATIOH the mata _TtTl _^ _T" ' ' F _^** . _stS _. LWer ff plaints , bpieen , & c , and their Badical _BetMval entitled the « Na tural _Begenerator of tta _Dfe _^ _cESS / _mthoutpdls , purgatives , or medicines ot any _jd _^ _^ _S _^ _MTJ _" ' _m _™ _™}* * , -d iufallible _^ _esns ; adapted to the general reader . ' Du Barry ana Co 75 _JTew Bond Street , London ; also ,
Ad00422
WELCOME THE FAMILY FRIEND ' .-Now ready , pries Sd . ( beautifully printed , and stitched in a neat wrapper ) . No . i of THE FAMILY FRIEND , to be continued monthly . No . 1 contains . —Netv Year ' s Eve—a Tale ; the Electric Light ; the _Emigraat ' s Daug _hter—a Tale ; the Polytechnic Institution ; Our Friend ' s Library ; the Lover ' s Stratagem ; the Golden _Garlani ; the Pearl of Days ; Remarks on Near Sight , he . ; Poetry ; the Banquet of Blood ; tha New Tear ; Trne Freedom ; the Day of Life ; tbe Philosophy of a _Sneexi ; the Cardinal , tbe Uinitter , and the King's Physician ; Grandfather Whitehrad ' s Lecture to Little Folk ; a Han of Useful Receipts ; Trifles ; Treasures ; the Gardener ' s Friend , the Housewife ' s Friend , the Naturalist ' s _Friend , tc . ; Family Cautions ; Interesting Statistics j Family Pastime ; Questions answered by the Editor , fee . A specimen number alone can convey an adequate Idea of the cheapness and elegance of tbis work . London _Rnulstoaand Stoneman . and all _Boooksellors .
Ad00423
How Ready , a New Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS
To The Depositors In The Redemption
TO THE DEPOSITORS IN THE REDEMPTION
Department. Having Received Many Applica...
DEPARTMENT . Having received many applications relative to tbe right of depositors in the Redemption Department of the Bank transferring tbeir monies from thence to the Bonus Fund , as the object of that department , nnder the original constitution , was the establishment of a savings bank to enable the Land members to reduce _thair amount of rent , by applying such deposits to its b ' quidation , I have come to the _conclasion , tbat it would be unjust to deny them the right of transferring their stock to the Bonus Fund , which , in point of fact , is the most complete realisation of the original intention ; therefore , all depositcrs in the Redemption Department of the Bank , are authorised and empowered to direct the transfer of their stock to the Bonus Fund . _Fbargus O'Connor .
The Northern Star Saturday, Decehbeb 23, 1818.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , DECEHBEB 23 , 1818 .
Judge Perrin And The Press. The Irish Li...
JUDGE PERRIN AND THE PRESS . The Irish Liberal Judges are determined not to be distanced by their Liberal English brethren in the race of persecution . Judge Perrin was raised to the bench in consequence of a most violent speech , delivered in the House of Commons in 1833 , upon the Tithe agitation , and the mode resorted to for the recovery of small arrears in the superior and inferior courts . The Whigs , in that day , and especially the Irish Whig landlords , had a luscious eye upon Church property , a longing which was subsequently gratified by the plunder of the church for the benefit of the
landlord , to the amount of twenty-five per cent . In those days the "Whig Government urged antagonism , and excited opposition to the Irish Church to that extent which would insure unanimity amongst the Irish landlords . If there is a feather to he plucked from our mother , which does not fly in the direction of the landlords' grasp , a religious war is at once waged , and a whole brood WILL STAND BY THE OLD HEN , but the same supporters will coaseut to see her plucked to the very pen feathers , provided they receive the spoil . "When it is a question of religion only , the indignation of the saints is easily roused , but not easily subdued * hut when it is a question
of pounds _, shillings , and pence , and when charity begins at home , sanctity and spirituality are merged in necessity , and the rule of three over-rules all scripture precedent , Now , this Judge Perrin was one of the foremost amongst leading Liberals ; he was one of the loudest in his denunciation of legal injustice ; but now a change has come over the spirit of his dream , and as a judge upon the bench , sworn to act impartially , as the administrator of the law between the Crown and the prisoner , he robs the prisoner , not of a mere technical but of an indispensable tight , by forbidding the publication of his trial .
The Press is excessively indignant at the exercise of this judicial prerogative , but it but touches the journalists sore , leaving that which is most likely to affect the prisoner wholly out of sight . The Press urges no substantial reason for its wrath , while it is left to us to show wherein this ungenerous and , we may add , unconstitutional exercise of an almost obsolete power is injurious to the prisoner ,
consideration for whom should be the primary object , not with the Judge or the Press only , but with the public at large . And as our contemporaries are so fond ef precedent , we will furnish them with a recent case , from which they will learn that the suppression of the publication of evidence may militate against the prisoner , even upon trial for High Treason , where a list ofthe witnesses must be furnished to the accused .
We find that atthe trials at Clonmel , a man of the name ef Dobbin is produced as an evidence for the Crown , His evidence is read by a scholar of Trinity College—the young gentleman whose , crime , in the eye of the " Times , " consisted in the m eanness of his apparel , and the Becessityfor"WATER , " » MORE WATER " and « WATER AGALV ' -and from its perusal he discovers fallacies and _inaccuracies , if not wilful perjury , that he is capable of rebutting ; and but for which publication he would have remained in perfect ignorance ofthe facts ; but upon reading it he proceeds to the court , and tenders himself as a witness . Here , then
is a strong case , but not so strong in injustice as that to which Mr Duffy is subjected by the liberal Judge Perrin , inasmuc h as in Duffy's case the prisoner is not furnished with a list of the names of the witnesses ; while , should the Catholic Attorney-General break down in one portion ofthe evidence , he has nothing to do bnt to select a more sturdy Detective to make good the breach . . t _ ff Suppose a witness to appear against Duffy , to charge him with an act or with words , the rjerformance . the intention , or the accuracy of
which might be contradicted , not hy one or ten but a hundred credible witnesses , at a distance from the place of trial _; is it not _mwe than cruelty—is it not barbarism , injustice , and tyranny—to deny to the prisoner the possibility of refuting evidence , the inaccuracy of which may be known to parties , while their knowledge of the facta may not be known to the prisoner , his counsel , or solicitor . Talk about packing juries , and rejecting Catholics and Liberals , while we have a Liberal Judge and a Catholic Attorney-General as the principal mummers in this Irish Christmas
pantome . The Irish are replete with imagination , and lacking any great theatrical novelty in this thea-
Judge Perrin And The Press. The Irish Li...
trical season , our Liberal Judge was determined upon catering for the public , and produced his pantomime . We have often said , and now repeat it , that the native Irish having been long subjected to the conquering Saxon , have made many attempts to repossess themselves even of the mere shadow of justice ; but so strong and powerful is the terror ofthe law , that when equality is fantastically proclaimed , injustice rallies in the jury-box , and now upon the bench , there determined to uphold its authority as long as a foot of resting ground remains .
Judge Perrin , if we mistake not , was a denouncer of Baron Smith , when arraigned by Daniel O'Connell in the House of Commons ; and Mr Napier , member for the Protestant University of Dublin—a high Tory , and a much more gifted and talented man than Judge Perrin , and counsel for Mr Duffy—may retort by being his accuser in the Senate . House . The " Times '' assures its readers that the injustice will be much qualified hy its ability to transmit the evidence nearly as quick as if published in the Irish Press ; but we beg to tell the "Times , " that in the rural districts of Ireland , not one in fifty thousand ever see its broadsheet , while the evidence _published in the ' Freeman " to day , is read throughout the country upon such an occasion on the morrow .
Tradition is , to a certain extent , oral in Ireland ; one , two , or three politicians read the paper of their choice , and the intelligence is orally communicated in the school-hoase , the blacksmith's shop , or the market place . But those who thus communicate intelligence never read the "Times , '' and if they did , the sentence may be passed upon false evidence before its announcement in the" Times'' could reach the
ear of those who would be able to rebut it . However , it is but a link in the long chain of oppression . Ireland will , no doubt , he . again the battle-field of faction in the approaching session ; and as the Irish Landlords . have forgotten their spiritual differences when the appropriation of the Church Property to their own kindly use was the question at issue , we have as little doubt that they will sink their _political differences when tbe question of their own salvation is argued in the Senate House .
It was bad enough for Baron Alderson to refuse xMantle the means of defence , when charged with a minor offence' but how much more tyrannical and oppressive to refuse a man upon trial for an act called felony , for which he maybe transported for life , the means of defence . Are eur rulers so affrighted by continental revolutions and convulsions , that they are compelled to rely . upon domestic tyranny as the means of preserving domestic peace ? or do they hope that the Minister ' s quotation of the unrefuted evidence adduced against Mr Duffy will serve as another
Kennington Common , to protect them against ; the opposition of their opponents ? If so , they sadly miscalculate ; as , although the craving OUTS were satisfied to allow them to remain IN , while Continental revolutions affrighted and alarmed them , they will discover that Quarter Day has too many charms to be postponed upon so flimsy a pretext as the necessity of convict * ing a dangerous man . The Tories will say , "We were satisfied to suspend the Constitution , and to arm the Executive with unconstitutional power , when danger and revolution threatened , and when the mildness of the Constitution was not calculated to curb the
excitement created by artful and designing demagogues , but we were not prepared to rob the Constitution of its brightest gem , by denying to the greatest malefactor the best means for his defence . " What chance has a Chartist in England or a felon in Ireland , from middle class and Protestant Juries ? It is but the resuscitation of the olden Irish tyranny , illustrated in the case of an Irish Orange yeoman , who , when tried and convicted of a diabolical murder before
Judge Fletcher , and upon the clearest evidence , the Jury recommended him to mercy . When the Judge asked the foreman upon what grounds , or upon what portion of the evidence the recommendation of mercy was based , the foreman replied , " Because he is a good Protestant , a good Orangeman , and a good yeoman , my Lord . " "Then , " rejoined the Judge , "becausehe is a good Orangeman , a good Protestant , and a good yeoman , he should have known better , and he shall be hanged . "
Mercy. Oa The 14tk Of August Hst, A Poli...
MERCY . Oa the 14 tk of August _hst , a policeofficer , ofthe town of Ashton-under-Lyne , was killed by some person or persons unknown , who were reported as having been engaged in a night rising of some kind or other , and which was christened by the veracious Press — " A Chartist Outbreak . " Several persons were arrested , and at the
Liverpool Assizes , which have just terminated , two of the prisoners were placed on their trial for the " murder . ' ' _Jsseph Radcliffe was charged with the crime of " wilful murder , " and Joseph Constantino with " aiding and assisting , & c . " In the course of the trial , the cbarge againRt Constantihe was withdrawn . Subsequentl y , he was tried , with five others , on a charge of '' conspiracy * to levy rebellion , & c , " and sentenced to transportation for life _.
The Jury found Eadchffe guilty , adding , " We strongly recommend him to mercy , as Bright , the policeman , did not f all by his hand . " Notwithstanding this merciful recommendation , Radcliffe has been sentenced to Death . The Jury ' s verdict amounts to this—that Radcliffe is guilty because he was in the company of those who killed Bri ght . No doubt , in ' the eye of the law "—as defined by Mr Baron Alderson— -Radcliffe is guilty ; but the public will draw a distinction between the guilt of a man who slays another , and that of a man who was merely in the company of the slayer , at the time Ihe deed of death was committed .
If Radcliffe' executed , it will be believed by the public that he has been made the scapegoat for another maa ' s offence . It is true that the Judge , when passing sentence , declared it as his belief that Radcliffe was the man who attacked Bright with a pike , previous to the latter being shot * but , after a careful perusal of the evide nce , we are compelled to entertain strong doubts of his Lordship ' s conclusion * Certainly , some of the witnesses for the Crown seem to bear out Mr Baron _Alderson ' s view of the case ** but their evidence is contradicted by that ef others . If the evidence given on the side of Radcliffe can be believed , he was altogether innocentof having assaulted Bright ,
either with pike , guD , or pistol . Any way , it is certain that Bright ' s deathwound was not the work of Radcliffe . Even the Judge , when passing sentence , observed*—" Yours was not the hand that tired the shot ; of that lam perfectly satisfied . ' * Under these circumstances , whatever the law may say , it will be a most unjust and savage act of vengeance to consign Radcliffe to the scaffold . The killing of Bright was every way unjustifiable . The working men of Paris _fighty but they do not assassinate . For half a dozen men to set upon and kill one man , and that , too , without any adequate provocation , is an act that must call down the condemnation of . all right-thinking men .
But , however mueh we may deplore this affair ; it is our business to see that no act of injustice is performed without doing what lies in our power to prevent it . We hold that it would be unjust to take away the life of Radcliffe for an offence of which—even according to the admission of Judge and J ury- —he was not guilty . We will not , on this occasion , raise the qaestion of the justice and utility of capital punishments . A man ' s life is at stake , and this is the time Hot to argue , but to act . _^ It appears to us that the duty of the inhabitants of Ashton is to prevent the execution
Mercy. Oa The 14tk Of August Hst, A Poli...
of the sentence passed' upon Radcliffe . __ hotwithstanding the strong recommendation of the Jury , we are not confident that-the Government ' _willspare . thelife ofthe condemned man , unless a vigorous effort is made to save him . A merciful disposition is not a characteristic of the Whigs ; on the contrary , the reverse is notoriously the case . The people of Ashton may , however , snatch Radcliffe from the hands of the hangman , if they will .
Let a Petition or Petitions , 9 _tgned by all classes of inhabitants , and addressed to the Queen , praying , for a commutation of the sentence passed upon Radcliffe , be immediately got up . Mr Hindley , the member for the borough , will , we doubt not , place himself at the head ofthis movement for the triumph of Mercy united with Justice ,
The Ashton And Manchester Victims. Josep...
THE ASHTON AND MANCHESTER VICTIMS . Joseph Constantino , Thomas Kenworthy , Jonathan Walker , James Stott , and Thomas _Tassiker , of Ashton , convicted of having " feloniousl y assembled , with others , to levy war against the Queen , & c , & c , " were on Mondav last sentenced to be TRANS . PORTED FOR LIFE . John Sefton , in . eluded in the same indictment , was sentenced to the term of ten years' transportation .
In thit , instance , the defendants—after the trial had proceeded to some length—withdrew their plea of " Not Guilty , " and pleaded ' * Guilty . '' Punishment was to be antici pated , but not the merciless sentence we have above stated ; a sentence which exhibits the blind ferocit y of our rulers . What can be done for these unfortunate men ? At present , we fear , nothing . We say " at present , '' because we hope to see , ere long , a national effort made in their behalf . Their doom , together with that of Cuffey and his fellow-sufferers , must be at least mitigated , The ensuing Session of Parliament must not pass over without a vigorous effort being made to obtain , at least , an amelioration of their terrible punishment .
But , if nothing can be aone immediately for the men themselves something should be done forthwith for their families—for we presume that all , or most of them , have families . It is the people ' s sacred duty to see the widows and orphans saved from the horrors ofthe Poorlaw Bastile . Several other Ashton men have been sentenced to various terms of imprisonment , ranging from three months to one year . The families of these men also demand the protection of the people .
We have not space at command , this week , to fully review the trial of the Manchester Chartists ; Ten of our best men have been convicted of " Sedition , " " \ Conspiracy , " & c , and sentenced to imprisonment . Thia was to be expected : a middle-class Jury being sure to convict such men as West , White , and Leach ; nevertheless , we bave good grounds for saying that , in this instance , the Attorney-General completely broke
down , and altogether failed to make out his case against the defendants . According to Sir John ' s opening address , the Gunpowder Plot was a trifle compared with the Chartist Conspiracy he promised to lay bare . But , behold the only witness , on whose evidence he attempted to ground his cock-andbull-story , was actually turned out of Courthis outrageous lying having disgusted even the Judge !
A minute examination of the evidence of that respectable gentleman , Mr Abraham Ball , we must reserve for another occasion . But we must here call attention to the fact , that although he professed to have been in constant communication with the defendants , and in their company at the alleged secret committee meetings ; and , although he gave a most circumstantial account of what he swore was said and done at those meetings , yet
on being required to identify the men he swore against , he could not "do so ; he pleaded weakness of eyesight , but even wben placed withiB a yard of the defendants , he was as near-sighted as he had been when a considerable distance off . He was ready and willing to swear anything against the defendants , but when called upon to identify them he could not distinguish Leach frem White , nor West from " Donovan , but stood a self-convicted , despised , and execrated
perjurer . The Attorney-General having had his main prop knocked from under him , commenced singing remarkably small ; feeling , no doubt , that a verdict of any kind against the defendants was more than he had any right to hope for ; class prejudice , however , came to his aid , and he did get a verdict . The defendants were Chartists , and , of course , they were guilty ! West , White , Leach , Donovan , Nixon , and Cropper , defended themselves , and bravely and ably they vindicated their principles , and honoured themselves and their cause .
West , White , Donovan , Rankin , Grocott , and Cropper , were sentenced to one year ' s imprisonment , and to enter into sureties to keep the peace for two years ; Leach , nine months ' imprisonment ; _M'Donough and Chadwick , six months ; and Nixon , four months ; all to find securities for their good behaviour for one
year . The defendants , with the exception of West and White , were found guilty of unlawful assembly and conspiracy , but the two exceptions we have named , were found guilty of attending an unlawful assembly only , yet , strange to say , both these defendants were included in the sentence of the twelve months' imprisonment , and two years' sureties . How is this ? Is it because John West and George White are " first-class" popular leaders , and are punished because of their popularity and influence over the people ? This is the only construction we can put upon the sentence passed upon them . There is one favourable circumstance in
connexion with the sentence passed upon our Manchester friends—they are to be treated as first-class misdemeanants ; they will be permitted to wear their own clothing , and will be expected to provide their own provisions , and other necessaries . The readers of this journal are well aware that West , White , Leach , and their fellowsufferers are working men , and , consequently , are unable to find themselves infood , clothing , & c „ unless the means are supplied to them by the people . For the sake of the men
themselves , and for the honour of the Chartist cause , it is imperatively necessary that funds be immediately and permanently supplied , to p rovide for the wants of our persecuted brethren . A trustworthy committee of known , active men , in the ranks of the Chartists of Liverpool and Manchester , must be immediately ap . po inted by the people , for the purpose of collecting monies , & c , and forwarding the same to the imprisoned patriots . In the meantime , we are instructed to state , that subscriptions may be forwarded to Mr James Farrell , 62 , Richmond Row , Liverpool . .
One word more . The families of the imprisoned Democrats will be reduced to a state of want unless assistance is promptly supplied . Of course they will be attended to by the General Victim Committee , but we are sorry to say that the funds at the disposal of that body are at present miserably inadequate to meet the demands occasioned by the Whig crusade against Chartism . At the York Assizes , David Lightowler and
four others have been sentenced to various terms of imprisonment , for « training and drilling . " Most probably these men have families left destitute by the incarceration of their natural protectors . If the people have any sense of justice , any regard for their own honour , they will forthwith provide a veritable Victim Fund for the support and protection of ; the victims of Whiggery , v
The ' West Rising Election. Mr Denison's...
THE WEST _RISING ELECTION . Mr _Denison _' _s return for the West Riding is a severe blow and heavy discouragement to the Leaguers , who but a short time ago , flushed with victory , proclaimed in Parliament their determination to rule England , and dictate its policy for the future . At the . General Election in 1846 , it was not required of Mr Cobden to imitate _Csesar , and write " vent , vidi _, vici . '' He conquered Mr Denison without even taking the trouble to " Come or see . " The mere announcement of his name sufficed to drive the . ,-. _r-i-Yl _lVTi-t ¦ _nnmTrtxf
Protectionist from the field ; and , while wandering as an apostle of Free Trade in foreign lands , the most important constituency in the kingdom selected him as its representative . No wonder that the heads of the Leaguers were somewhat turned by such astounding success , and that visions of the future government of the country being entirely placed in their hands should have flitted through their brains . But time tries all . Ihe foundation of their popularity and predominance was built on sand . Two years has sufficed to revolutionise public opinion on the question of
Free Trade . The verdict has gone against them , and the Protectionist journals not unnaturally point with exultation to the very jury who were cited by the Leaguers as an unimpeachable and triumphant authority on their behalf . We are aware that coalition and private political arrangements may be adduced as forming a powerful portion of the influence by which Mr Denison has been re-elected j but making all allowance for the share of these influences , it is quite clear that the Free Traders are at a discount in Yorkshire . We all remember the creation of freehold votes h y the thousand , for the avowed purpose of swamping the usual constituency . They stated that by these means they had secured a
majority of at least four thousand votes in any future election . Well , less than two short years have served to convert that majority into a minority _» f nearly 3 , 000 . If Free Trade had , even inthe remotest degree , fulfilled the _anticipations of its advocates , such an astounding change as this could never have taken place . Politics have , then , fanatics , whose faith is not less strong , or more proof against conviction , than that ofthe votaries of religious creeds . Even in despite of the failure of the prophecies of plenty of work , high wages , & c , & c , which the Leaguers used to utter so glibly , it might have been supposed that the young enthusiasm and ardent desire to enfold the world in the
anple embrace of the beneficent genius of Free Commerce , would have sustained the party over a longer period than two years . Mitigating causes might have been weighed and given credit for ; reasons , plenty aa blackberries , might have been sought for to account for the awkward fact , that Free Trade has not yet made England a Paradise . But no ! stern realities have triumphed . Increasing pauperism , vagrancy , and crime ; diminishing J
wages , profits , and employment ; with undiminished burdens , have rudely dispelled the pleasing illusions conjured up by the magic wands of Messrs Cobden and Bright , and the people have begun to repent of their folly in being led astray by a piece of quackery which , certainly , in its day , achieved even greater popularity than even the nostrums of Morison or Holloway . Do not accuse us of irreverence if we add , with not more than an equal claim to that popularity .
It is some consolation to find , that the day of that imposture is drawing to a close , and though we certainly do not look upon Mr Denison in any other light than an exchange of King Log for King Stork , as times go we are thankful for even that small mercy . By and by , one huge fallacy having been scored off the board , the time may come for a trial of the only remedies which can substantially or permanently improve the condition of all classes .
Employment For T H E People Thomas Carly...
EMPLOYMENT FOR T H E PEOPLE Thomas Carlyle coined a phrase two or three years ago , which so captivated the imagination of the scribes and spouter 3 of the day , that it obtained universal circulation . It almost seemed as if" the Condition of England Question " would put all minor questions out of sight , and assume its rightful predominant
position , as the sole _important question which required a settlement at the hands of Legislators , and Cabinets . The scribes and spouters were , however , not in earnest ; they were merely fascinated by the jingle of the words ; and even had they been sincere—being simpl y wordmongers , and nothing more—they knew not how to setabout solving the practical problems included in the phrase— " Condition of England Question . "
The fashion has now changed . Of all the subjects that by possibility may be talked about—can be talked about—or ought to be talked about—that is to be specially and religiously avoided . The highest wisdom of politicians and statesmen is now discovered to consist in doing nothing . The men who aspire to themosthonourableand responsible position in society , ostentatiously proclaim their ignorance or their helplessness , as the best qualifications for these situations ; and the middle classes—in whom the predominant electoral power is at present vested—hasten to return incompetence or ignorance to the Legislature , as though tbey possessed a spell b y which all difficulties can be made to vanish , " like the baseless fabric of a vision . "
The causes of this re-action are not difficult to find . The revolution of February in France was the commencement of a real attempt to grapp le with the evils which had grown into such magnitude , as to be no longer endurable by the mass of the people . However various the modes by which the objects were sought to be attained , these resolved themselves into two leading divisions ; first , to secure work to all who needed it , and were willing to labour ; second , to distribute the products of that labour upon equitable principles , and in such a way as to promote the general well-being of the community .
To such plans , of course , political adventurers , jobbers , stock-jobbers _^ profit-mongers , place-hunters , and all the various classes who prefer to live in luxury upon the labour of others , have insuperable objections . They have so long been accustomed to look upon the industrious classes as merely created for their purposes , and the wealth they create as their legitimate prey , that any scheme by which workers might participate fairly in the products of their own labour , seemed in the highest degree preposterous , outrageous , and impious . Hence , after the first shock of sur
prise was over , the leaders of the pampered idle classes , with professions of submission to the popular will on their li ps , and with deadl y hatred in their hearts , set to work and organised a Press conspiracy against Labour and its rights all over Europe . The objects and views of the masses were calumniated and misrepresented , with a deliberate ferocity , and fiendish , calculating . malignity , which has no parallel in history . By a singular refinement in villany they managed—while committing the most monstrous violations of every law human and divine—to throw the odium which ought to ; attend such conduct unon the ma .
_iigneu democratic and social Reformers , until at last a panic spread far and near anion * all classes , and the object of fri ghtening society into submitting again to the old system of plunder was full established . The West Riding election incidentally disclosed the effect of this conduct upon public opinion . Mr Denison was , throughout his canvass , the frank opponent of every species ot retorm—the _outspoken defender of everv
aouse . The only classes of whom he takes cognisance , or whose interests appear to him to need looking after , are landlords , bishops , tax-eaters , and profit-mongers—in short , all those classes who are already tolerably rich , and aspire to gvow richer . The idea of any measure being either desirable or possible for
Employment For T H E People Thomas Carly...
the amelioration ofthe condition of the peo pie at large , seems to him the height of ah . surdity . He was ' quite merry at Sheffield when so ridiculous an idea was started as that of providing permanent remunerative employment for the masses . The Sheffield people said to him , " Yeu have admitted that thousands in this country cannot get a subsistence . What means do you propose fer the permanent remunerative employment of the people ?" Mr Denison : "My friend has given me a poser now . ( Loud laughter from his friends . ) I am sure if I could come within a thousand miles of i . _"L _„ 1 i * ' . fit . - _T _. _a - ,
his object I should be the cleverest man in the kingdom . He asks me to provide for millions of men who cannot get work . My answer is , most respectfully , I do not know . " ( More laughter from his friends . ) Now we do not see anything to laugh at in tbis affair , except , indeed , it be the admitted ignorance of a man aspiring to fill an important position ; but even that is no laughing matter , because incompetent legislators and unwise legislators are the sure forerunners of violent revolutions . A man who thus bluntly confessed his ignorance , and who at the same time showed a
disposition to ridicule the mere statement of one of the gravest and most pressing questions of the age , should have at once been told " You are not fit for the situation you seek ; go back to the retirement from which you say your friends have dragged you , with so much reluctance upon your part , " The comfortable , short-sighted , stand-still , class , of which Mr Denison is the type , may rely upon it , that however favourable for them the aspect of things may be for the moment , their day has gone by . The very fact of any
considerable proportion of the Legislature being composed of such materials , must hasten the complete destruction of the existing system . ' Unless we have—and that right speedily —men who arc prepared to look our political and social difficulties fairly in the face , and introduce gradually , but steadily , appropriate improvements— the schemes they now turn from as being either Utopian or objectionable will be succeeded by proposals of a less moderate , less pleasing—we fear we may add , less useful—character .
The selfish and surface-mongering plan ? by which our so-called commercial reformers have of late years occupied public attention and the time of Parliament , have rather accelerated than postponed the necessity for taking this question into immediate and earnest consideration . The great measure on which so much reliance was placed , has as yet done nothing either to increase employment , or raise wages . So far from it , though the fields for the extension of commerce may have thereby been multiplied , and new opportunities created for the _profitable investment of capital , the mass of the people have been worse off than at almost any previous period of our
history . Poor rates have mounted to an enormous height—pauperism and vagrancy have increased , and crime has augmented . Now , these things , in a rich country like this—in a country made rich by the toil of the masses , whom we thus doom to idleness , destitution , and crime—cannot be tolerated forever . There must come a count and reckoning , and a wind _, up , some day or other . Exasperation will take the place of endurance ; and then those who pride themselves upon being ignorant as to what should be done to enable the people to earn an honest subsistence for themselves , in a land overflowing with wealth , will wish they had gone to school in time to have prevented very disagreeable consequences .
We use no menace in stating this , neither do we assume to be prophets . It is one of the most common-place deductions from the , history of nations , both in ancient and in modern times . Whenever the privileged classes in any country have entirely monopolised the land , and raw materials and means of existence , and made these subservient to their own interests , without reference to the welfare of the community at large , retribution has never failed to overtake them . Their own conduct bore with it au inevitable and condign punishment , and the system they clung to was shipwrecked and destroyed , in consequence of its own rottenness and incapacity to hold together .
Parliament must turn its attention to this subject . There is room enough in Great Britain and Ireland for one hundred millions of human beings to live in comfort and prosperity , if our territorial , industrial , and political institutions were based noonjustice . At present we have little more than a fourth of that population in these islands , and at least onesixth of that population may be described as paupers , vagrants , or criminals . Another large proportion struggle for life , upon a miserable half-subsistence—and all classes are more er less uneasy—because all have to prey upon one another , and mutually cembine to prevent Labour from being applied , as it ought to be , in the production of raw material and the staple necessaries of life .
We repeat , the system which produces such results as these cannot stand . The men who attempt to support it—no matter what their positions er their professions may be—are the real anarchists and revolutionists . Their bigoted adherence to arrangements which murder , body and soul , tens of thousands of their fellow creatures annually , because these arrangements secure themselves ease , and opulence , and distinction , is a crime against
society of the most flagitious description . They are sowing , deep in the heart of society , seeds which must ripen into a fearful crop , and preparing the way for that "wild justice of revenge , " of which history affords so many memorable examples . The only way by which such / a conclusion can be averted , is for our legislators to set to work with a manful resolution to do justice . They will soon discover that the industrious classes of this country ask for nothina- mow .
ihey ask simply that the land and the raw material of wealth may be freely open to their i labour ; that they may have liberty to make i the soil and the mines-the manufactory and j _theeneine-shop— . the _seaand the river—more I fruitful in all kinds of wealth-and that , hav- ' ing done so , this wealth shall be shared in by all classes in such a manner as shall conduce to the mutualgoodwill , contentment , and prosof
perity the whole population . By these ; means , the mighty resources of this empire will be made a proper use of . Every man , willing-to work honestl y for his living , will be assured ef a comforta ble subsistence , and until this great object is accomplished , there can be no safety for any " interest" or auy « class" in the country . « The Condition of England _Question must , once more , become fashion- able . i
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_^ L 5 * Bann 0 * P ubu » _a MJ 'forthcoming meet * j _ISSL " _^ future » un less paid tor as _adrertiM-i ments . We are compelled to adept this course , io t Sunt * nno noe _* _nents . The publication < rf # ballota , rafilw , & c ., we illegal , | J _& h- _^^! d s ! J *•*• reC 8 i P * of _« " _following _flomi _# & _SfSi th 9 DefflncePund - _¦* :- i \ _Vi : „ Tbe F « aad Hounds ' . " o 1 « _f _& , i Mr Lee _. „ n . * A „ MrChSplndalo ~ \\\ { o | » New Radford ... ... o l 1 ¦§ hiI' 7 _i _^ i the _Pwty in question does give # his certificate te you , tha money _oald bv him for lu #
3 IT *?? R t ««««•* to your account , as so m « c » _5 paid Into the b _» aua fund . Nothing will be regarded »» s _SlES' _^ _ty _to ctfh _^ _Ib advanced , aadia _^ l handa of tho trea « tirwforth- _i ? purpo _» e . I E . _TBOJHTOJi , _ManchMtw . -The Directors are awa' * l ? _Z _"" _•*«» . » nd _MUtte _*' , but it is _impo-sibU _»§ S _^« * P r «! d * yo _w-th employment , as tbey bare * fj situation at _rtwlr dtapoial . Wa clerks at the _W _ pany a _offioa have been reduced from fire in numbe" _'Jl one . It it , therefore , quite impossible to soap ' s * ffl 0 l your requeit . _*« - _*•»¦ _, j _» W . H .-3 _i 6 a , andls _6 d . I D . Qbayki , O'Connor * Ule .-Send 4 a fld . I K . IIamii , _BulkingtonjandE . Sc HoiBY _, _Peterborough We cannot Advise yom _h 0 . _PicKi-oBD .-Tbe lines are inadmlsslbla . ' & A _Stjbsoswb _, -in Mmc 1 j > , mJ ( at _lanoaster : il A Constant Sdbscwbm , UaHkjr , _^ Wa WBMt ¦ _< , _* , *; i _Joix 8 to *»« , _Qlasgow _. -YflS . >
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 23, 1848, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_23121848/page/4/
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