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STOCKPORT . TO THB EDITOR OF THE SORTHER . V STAR . fJ * ^* £ i ~} am directed b 3 " the Committee of the Working Men's Association , ? o send ton "til MlOTrmgletteis trespoctively marked No , l" No . - ? x and ^ o . A } for insertion in the People sfrirau JP XC ^ k ' order ^ defeai 1 the F ^ 'ie W P ^ ate character of our poor Townsmen , Mitchell aad Davies , whoa ^ enow within > . he walls of Chester UlStle , against the unsnpparied caluniiij- a .: d reproach of a few of the hanners-OTi vi ilie " \ Vh 5-.. ^ - O 1 B , 1 am directed bv thp < T . iTnmiitno nf
p arr . ^ Tr- ^ o euaerirom cowardice or viiiauy , or both , have - svitb . most unbluslirn : * eifronivry ' and dictatoria ? , riolca- , p . ^ d vi ^ dknvc passion , tnough ; proper to attack them . The reason why the Committee have taken thL step is because many of your Tellers , sad friends lo the prisoners , trill not ~ purcb ± .-e the " Vhe ^ Arc Reformer , Cm which journal the three first iene -s originally appeared , ) which is no frknd lo the irorku . ^ men havi : j < r £ ot imo the quicksands and slwals vf political dclh ;« jaency . They ( the committee ) consider n Only a ht-ax to bring it iuio public noiorietv ajraiu , and iheivfcre hope that Tou will ailow ' theaity defend those nndacnted , unflinching , and un compromising -patriots through the medium of the 6 tcr which is
a great deal more iu circulation in ihi town . » e shall tot waste our time in answering any letters which appear ia ike Cheshire li . formi * after this notice . All -that w « warn is a fair iield a ^ u no favour ; and the good character wh : ch Lot Danes juw Mitchell bare always bvrnc- will cuaU ' t ? us , in justice to them and : he guud ear . se to wi Vr theyare espoused , to mee :, beat , and expo > e all falsehoods and misrcpre ? -.- ! Hati ., ns wlik-hihcte creeping , cringing tcjisof theWhi ^ LaveiheuEBian " i ^ ess to bnu-against them . Shalfit be said that theso tonest , liiJustriuu ^ , sober , a-u di .-iatCTC-sleu patrioi .-Siall . go undefended , ; : ; : ie ihev are msder thi cuumand oi a farnkey , a ::: ca ^ uot eoh = Uieir -ece ^ es Jacetofacei Forbid it justice ! Forbid it O ' Connor , ! Forbid it hnmaiii-. T : Ti ) eTwi . > on aio « a-
aons -were ever Teady to acvocaie oirr rights 1 The-Trho were ready with j .-r-e , hand , and liearr to help ftpTird the . great reuse of UniTer ^ l ^ jflra-e Iheyfor whom hundreds , who do not exactly a-ree ¦ with them in polirica ! matters , hive the jp-eaiesi respect ! We k ^ ow thai so i ^ . s as we-hare in ihL . town a J inson , a Lcali , a "Wii-li t , a Burton . aa >] many cibers who mi-ai be UientioiiC-J , that no knayesMd fools will be alio-ed to traduce a-ui calnmniae them wiihoat receiving a -: ^ st rcprimaud lor their sendees . ¦ ¦ " --. -WeshonldnothaTe taken tp their case , oidv-sre fcnewiiat they haxe no clmee of defeudin . ; thea-^ lTes ; bai , as ttc hare commenced , so lon ^ as - - « V ' ar > en t 0 oar l ^ ^ * - } : CT s ^^ ll i"e ¦ ¦ me lded m faTonr of innocence and a-ian t ^ o ^ pnpnncipled "ftlii g monsters . I hope , Sir ,- yon wil ] msert ii . e letters in their rotation and let an impartial JiUl-Ue judge for themselves .
I remain , Sir , . ( Ontehalf of the Committee , and in defence of the Prisoners , ) Yours Xmly and respectfully , Wh . Giufpis , Hon . Secretary Association Room , Bombar "« -brow Oct . 28 th , 1 S 39 .
( No . 30 To Jilessrs . Hilehefl cmd Darirs , Charii . < i T'risoTien in Chester Cmtle . Ge- -tl >; me 5 , —As yon have thought proper to derionnce Messrs . Haaer , Nnttall , and myself , as nv ? - - "Wno are " sol what tney seem to be , " aid as " mili and water reformers ;"" ar . d thai too ri > ou false ii ; - formadon , as to our attending your inee : ' iii ; iT-. ! : u auv iate as iarasl am Esysfilf concerned , fjr I Lav ! nersr a : t-uded bni two , nearly a year ai :. » . to di ~ - scade you from your indiscreet course , and auoiher . some - "vet ? agv , merely to forward the c ? ii : rib-it ' : oiir for th- ^ njipoft of yourselves an J lasiix-s ) 1 haves ieW W . rJ- IO £ av to von : f <) r n ;; tn- i ^ ... rAn .-s ; -S-,.
ence o ; o'Conneu lius I ' -iZ Kva : he 1-ur i- ^ u oi everv Tory s ^ . ris . so your iT > eecLes cave . f ; 'r ihe la »* tweivV jnonil : s , been principally-c < .-i : K ~ Al . : " n--si s-: s-eki = and Yiraiesr anai- 'i s njx > y m ' v frien-3 . Mr . H ^ iuer . aadmy ^ k" ; and -oil fce-. -a-cse we w . > uid v ? - so hear ; and lia ^ ii with yon ia y ^ ar wild a ^ J bii-.- bsriaa crusade a _ a :-j = i iLe Jrb ' olc l « . * dy ( . f iLe mid-lie classes , acain ^ i ihs ^ faudhoMrr , the capkalSt . The-Cotionlord , and the proSi-mon ^ r , in ia < ri . a ^ a : u-: ewrv individual la the country above ihe C ' -i ' ud ' itv-a of th " - operative classes I IJ ^^ - ^ e -vre h-td ^? : i ^ io discrimanate fcetwisi the vajv- v . _ . _ j j ^ .. - ^ .. nhless dasseof society ; benyix : ;» ri-.- » ;> -:..: ^ -r tT aiid pablicV-Tinaer ; « : ivis : ; ho ^ wli , 1 w i -. ii :-: u 5 irr and thi ^ aaa :- rv 5 ts of s ^ ml ly kz > . ^ :, s-1 capital , and those ' A - . ioi : ve dt corn b \ r r-. -r . ts , unoli ? 5 p- ? c :: Luio : i andiiaie church rapacity ; a ; id were ceu-rmiueJ tj uistia ^ isii "berwLxt the rich m-jr- _ -liar .-ii ? e v . hicii Onght t-j be saved , frorc the iciabsr -svhiclj ou ^ hi to be thrvvm overbDard ; beca ^ ie we ha ve . nT '« jn-. ? niea-ur- ? , been sr o&na .-le to ll : e pr . ^ rel-s of your devastatinic princii-1 c-s , we ha-. t c-x ; -: ie « i " i .-o Ihile t =: your ire . and have frccucBtiy l- ^ u hjuoure ^ bx your public ccuiu : c : 2 uons . * ThL-1 ~ ihe ni ^ l rime 1 H 211 lm-e i ' s-r ^ nt _ 5 t vror ^ li j ¦
ny ^' e to nonce any oi your u ^ meaiuEur virajwra - tions , and . very likefy , it ' may be the last ; * lur 1 ; assure y-.. - } , that so far as I an " jnys « .-If-concerned , - I am tx . ¦ : - pieased than v ! f = nded , inasmuch a- v «* ur Epeede < aud epistles prove , that thoagh 1 may oe aa > advoca I ? of the People ' s Charter , I am not for ~ o ~ r ^ j your dt / aozful and dangerous road to that new lau ' J of proinirf ; aad my reasons for writing this letter ' are to warn Ton , lor yottr own sake , to cyudnci ¦ yotiTseiV cs well , dnring yonr . confinement , that the I public may be induced to " do something for von , and
that yoiir sentei : ce may , if possible , be nntigated . If we three individual s are worthy of yotrr a-ttatk ? ' it z db ; be in coaseqTieucc of some influence wluch we are s-upposed to p ^ i . ses;—tnon ^ h this von have always very much or . jr-rated—bu : if we do posses- ' any . it- is aaionrst th ^ se vrho would longer per ^ cwr-i : inminiri-erk- ^ hj alieriate th 3 privatiins * . b-which tou w . ii be subjected during y-jiir ini .-areeratvjii , thfff the li-jisyxaz ^ bminH Tvho me njacii i ~ tora rtaJT at shout " .- , ;; and clapping a : p ^' jiic niceii .- ^ s ilia :- at ' paying > vo . k ] v snbscnpiioss , either to advance xbe ; cause < . •!¦ i ^ iiiga te vour sufferings .
Anyh r reir-. a why I think it worth while tu write is yoar unprincipled a-Ivi .-e to tie Cii- ^ rii st ? < j : ih : ? ¦ boroiiirh , in reference t- > tiie nmiiiciral el--.-i : j ;; . ' "You ca Ji-oiitflfrni a ^ ai- ^ t a = vistia ^ thv- Whl ^ s . v .-u . ' . c at the si : _ e tlcie , you k ^ u . v very vsvil iuai vre ^^ v . _ - few W ; - ;^ in this Dorotigh , and s-car .-. / iy :: ¦ : i ; i ;•; -- ' corporsiiva . Yon know as is-tll &- ; I " can t--i' - -tu ; that , ai ihe last Parliamentary £ itvik * a , we La i Ihree •• i-. ilidaiss ia the field ; ua « uf Tr ^ oiii iva : : 3 tlajv > r iLi . " - - _ laiid , who w . jold reform nc-iLi ;^ at ili , andt _/ .. ib .-rtwo , 'Sir . H . Mar . knc , and Sir . CV « - ; den , were tlie advocates of 11-ja-rehod : 5 ::: rrai e . Trien iiai Parliaments , the Ballot , 2 So-i r > . « T > - ri > '; , Qaaliacaiiou for Members ^ a r-wecp ; :: ^ li ^ na In ihe CL-ircb . ihexepeal of the C-jtu L-j . ~ ± , aii-i = nca an ait-r-ation in the svstem of taxtiti-jh
as-h-ohMjnal : e t ' iivr n ^ n pay more and the poir-le .-.- ; a :: d i ^ r these iwo tnorongh good R . j jrmers aiiu-j-t emry in ? mt « r i . f onr Corporation ( except the few Turi-j . " )' Totei : -id yc-tj yoa are so y ; , unint . or < o ba ^> _ - a ^ lo cah ilic ^ c men Waigs . Tweary years a ^ o ' sncli men wouid have been thought very ^< wd Ifcidicals . 'j bat it u ^ xat tiat nobody can be a KadiL-al now ' , . ; ni . l-. ss an adrocat * for what , if granted at once , mnstdis-jlve the whole frame of society . ; You Lave seen enough daring the last twelve moisths !•> satisfy yon that yo ^ r co . ouci has bca : mzr . -Iel : gL : fal to the Tories " , i ^ : I Las em- ^ dc-nru them ' i-j liiiy 2- * many fantastic ^ 'a ^ ibuls a- ; Ye ^ tt : aj <~ ' do , d :: rl 34 their carnivals ;—thai i ::-ccrus ^ i ' iea ^ e-jj that c-:-i j-t the com laws , tketiih-.- * , ai : d abuses 01 " -, every - ] er- ricrion were -a £ .- ; aud ¦¦ v : ii : e- »
urnixhave ii- ^ z br ^ acbt yon 10 reason , and shewn yoa liu- foll 5 a ^ dimpoiicy of snch at-oisrsc . Vo ' -v knuvr verv " 1 ivell inai not to help a refonneris iu realit / , to vote \ for a l ' yry ; at least if yoa doij ' t knowjt tae Tori ;* i do ; _ aiid ajr . j ^ rson is equally as ^ mliy by n _ 'i = u ;> - portiax a jeforme- as if ne actually vyieJ for i-Te j uorie ^ . B ^ t the ^ e are in this boronpi iuiiv ; i .. a ' - , ; ¦ wh o nav-j made thexa ^ eHes rery active uuriu 4 xh'i ; charrisf aji ^ ation , and who would have tue fuii mea = i are of their ri ghts at once or nothing , who have uoi Eitrely- fe i-ren a slight vote to a Tory candidat e . Dat iictcally signed a requisiti-jn iuviiing sneh an ' individual Into the field J Can ignorance , foilv , or maiigiiity go further I The sacre < J caiise of refonn has l ^ ug been disgraced by its connection with such beings as these ; they are worth y of the partv 10 whom tiey are gone over , and reform wiil prosper l > e : ur . vfi ; iioat them . But wliat is most surpriiiais tlie « lrcums ? a 2 ce of some of tJjfee bsint iudiv :-
uais wno have long ago past -that periou of life ' ; irbeii 4 ; : diieretioa can be forgiven , uit , it is a la-aeu- ! ^ b . « i ^ rug t . j men ) who , vh ^ ih-v - . v . r- h < ' the pnm : vi laeir life , and-in the V . ^ ur of turir ' lnteilt-ru mdersiood the interests of tiielr euaut-v i aad leaurjxly erdeavcared tv rectifv its tvto-. 'V i Aonuie downmto such a state of political Jtfia e Jr ' mental imbecnity , as to throw them * ehe = intoV- ' arms ot thar eternal and relentless oppress i "" < There is oce thing howCT « , tnat SUB cannot sav ' of me , and that is , that 1 ever plavtd 2 . torv srmLl -Jhe tories'TOTe-coquet-imh tiie-class of reformer * to-which I belong , and what is most ^ r ^ iifYm- ' i « ~ i that tse cliSS , who go f « % , dihhcratel y . ind < .-2 \ tematica' / y onward in the course of sure , gradifal ' and prt-gresirfc change , are held in the gr-eavesi <^
po able dfctestaticn by the Turks . The Torks d-. in ' t like the slotv aaid sure process of reason and iuttliigenc they would rather that we would come < mt aud be chot cr hijipdsoiied , and I am only ? orry that you have Wi iia-A more prudence than " to please them = u far . Jf yon had acted upon the advice which 1 rave yon nearly twelve months a ^ o ; to abandon all i > hv-Eical fur ; e nonsense , and set t-o wo-k ia zood earnes t 4 oprcyi 3 uv-m every one witMn tt-j tphor « uf Cii-irtist iniiuence never to enter * on any accouii ' t whateror a tory shop or a tory chOTcl , instead of yoa now being pnungaway in prison for sedition , some o ? ibP
eMnnes of the people woahr hare beea there fur deb-A ^ tan any one Tnainferin that if people have not the resohrtioii to perseTerS'f . or a tune in a cour-e like $ u « t % aeserye to csojoy their rights ! Can ' there
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possibly exist a more sickening proof of the servility and stupidity of the people generally , than the fact that . although the registration officers are open for births and marriages , pnblic cemeteries for tbe dead , and dissenting cna-pelk for the necessary religious ceremonies , the great body of the people still go , if Ihcir otrn accord > to such "& concern as the church of Eii ^ laud ? Although they see the bishops voting lor dear bread , and against every good measure iu ih-2 llo'uss of Lords ; the rec&ors and other clergy votiiifc' always , or nearly sofor tory members of J . ; r ? 1-- ; ' , m \ manm-ps . nnKlirr- ^ mfti p-t ^ i ^ . f . vr t \\ c . Am A
, pariiainent ; and these same clergy too , holding . s-. yiings 10 oppose the education of the poor , unless accordiug to their own slavish notions ; aud although ilicykuow , ( though perhaps not to the full extent ) ivhat a system of rapacious extortion the church is , and what millions it wrings annually from the coun-I 5 T- > T « , still they go i-. » thoughtless numbers ( and ^ me who call themselves chartists ) and actua'ly : ake it trhat ihey are not bound to give it ! Talk of agitation ! here is scope for it , and such agitation would do mnch good .
- How is it tha ; t you can be so vindictive in your attacks apon our Municipal Corporation , which is composed of a "b ody of gentlemen , every one of whom , with one exception , serve the borough gratuitously ; aud some of them , snch as the mayor and magistrates , give services for which , if they were paid ° at all , they would receive many hundreds of pounds per annum ; and yet say-Jiothing about another iu-> iuini Jn or pnblic body " , viz ., that huge monstrosity , the E >; desia .- ; ieal Corporation , which takes from tin- town aloue , in the shape of tithes , upon all the : » me landed produce consumed in it , above i' 30 , U 0 O per annum \ a sum , three times as large as all the liva ] rates of the borough put together , -and out of iv } ik-B s : m there arc rectors paid at the rate of about - £ : ; u , noo per aninrm , ot £ 30 a sermon I If yon " . rill talk of corporations , here is one will find you something to talk about , and which cannot be exvo > e-l too ninth .
A few weeks ago we were informed by the Slockpurt A'Jrerther , that Mr . H . Itfarsland is to be on-led From his scat for this borough , in consequence of his vote in favour of Mr . Attwood ' s motion for gomg into a committee on the grievances of the I » eop 5 e ; and by way , I suppose , of shewing their -: ueeTe gratitude , some men , calling themselves Cnarnst- , are talking of voting for those who want U > deprive as of that trne patriot ' s services ! This said jiaper , likewise , telb yon that if the Tories had p ceii 1-1 power you would have been crushed iu the o :: d , aud yet these are the fittest men to be in office '
To conclude , 1 assure you 1 don t care who are put into ihe Town Council , so that no one gets iu -ho has been instrumental in destroying the fair tv .-pre .-vntaiion of the borough by sending Major Marslaud to Parliament ; for , once gel rid of him , sad then no matter who gets in . 1 have always maintained , in opposition to your party , that as the niill-owneis own one-half of the property of the borough there ought to be many of them in the Council , but then they ought to be men identified with the cause of beforii . In any other than a political light I care not a , tig about it . Hoping that your friends will contribute , as much as possible , to alleviate your privations , I am , Gentlemen , yours sincerely , H . W . Sektox . Stockp on , Oct . ICth , 1039 .
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ofhis principles , and opinions , and services to the highest bidder , and of attacking the motives and misrepresenting the objects of these consistent patriots Tvhom he has so basely maligned a nd Violated , will at least wite tte truth , and , while he thus preserves the remaining fragments of his own tarnished reputation , have the manliness to spare the feelings of the innocent -wives and launies of the prisoners , who are now ' unjustly deprived of the opportunity of entering the list against , and quailing the spirit of , a despicable foo a sham-Chartist , and an interested advocate . But before I conclude , Air . Editor , pe-mit me to compare the untmng exertions of Bavies and Mitchell with a certain man , ivho declared hewoxild not write + T ? r > t = Npl , ii ? W « ^ «» 1 .-.. !__ , vvuoiotou * ya
three lines for the public unless he was paid for it . How many times nave Mitchell aud Davies worked at the wheel , and after that travelled into the country to instruct their fellow men ? How maay days and nights have they lost for the good of the people ? Iney are honest , they are industrious , they arc Sober men , and as for . their being respectable mea , I leave that with you Mr . Sefton ; they are such as you , Mr . Hamer Mr . Henry Marslaad , M . P ., and the Mayor were proud to dine vrith at thelast Municipal Election , and now-they are " receiving a reward for past services , and from those Mr . Sefton calls the valuable classes of society . I confess that Mr . Sefton has shown a white feather by inserting a letter ma newspaper , which he knew , b y iMitcheH ' s J c « ef theyc - ould not have the privilege of seein-, viz . ^ e are not permitted to see a- y paper but the London Times : ' But when he wishes to show a bit ot real Ln-hsh blood again , let him come like a man to the committee and his letter shall be forwarded to them ; and as to Mr . Ha . nier I would recommend that he should come to . our room and give ua a lecture on grammar lor our instruction , as lie says we aTe not able to answer Srfton ' s letter , because we do not understand the rudiments of grammar . Iconelude with hoping that the fate of our poor suffering townsmen will be the means of convincing tlie work ^ ing classes that it will be in vain to expect ' anything trom ( to usethe rbrase of Daniel . O'Connell ) " the base bjood y , and brutal Whigs . " _ lam , dear Sir , on behalf of the committee , and m defence of the prisoners , Yours trul y and respectfully , W 3 I . GuiFFIN , T An Operative Painter . Longslmt-field , Stockport .
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TO TIIE EDITORS OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Ge . vtle . mex , —This world must appear , to a sensitive mind , a hateful place , especially if made to suffer irom it . In one part of the ocean , we are told , the gull is seen pursued by the albatross whilst in the act of devonriugthc flying fish , which latter has been just escaping from the dolphin , the whole horizon presenting , as Goldsmith says in his description , one living picture of rapacity and invasion ; Cut here the rapacious scene'is . heightened—Man , tbo fancied "Lord of the Cre a lion "~ i \ xz noblest being 111 nature—not content with first robbing the cow of its milk , and then sinking his axe into its living brain-not content , with taking the fleece of the sheep and afterwards devouring its carcase when robbed of its covering and life , is seen to prey upon his fellow-kmd with an appetite as greedW , voracious and i nsatiable as that of the tiger . See there as you walk along , a person indifferently ' clad , lean '
ana lanky , pale-visaged , cheeks collapsed , and awkward gait-that is a labourer coming from the mill or loom ; but , there , 011 the other hand , is a fat PO « ly mdivjdnal , firm , erect , and richly , apparelled —he labours not ; but whence . comes his tbpd > . AV'hv it is filched from the produce of that poor labourer How comes it that the villain is not hunted from society a * a robber * So far from that , he is the only one iu society called a gentleman . See him honoured a .- La pa-sc * along , even by that lean , soulless m-atirre . whom he hath robbed , who is ready with I j is long-factd fraternity to join in pursuing to the dungeon , to-banishment , or to death , a '' fellowlabourer who may have ventured to touch a morsel
ot the tniperiluoiis wealth of the overgrown monster . To this degraded slate lie is brought b y the laws and cunning contrivances of his fancied superiors thie of xliem claim * the land as his own- he is , however , too proud . and tooiaiy to cultivate it himself , bat will not allow any other to work upon k without fir ^ t consenting to give up a portion of tke pro . luce lor the liberty yf cultivating it . For tl : « refusal , the man at the loom or the mill would 110 $ need to ' area straw , as tlso produce of his labour could be exchanged for the growth of a forei gn soil-, but here the thing styled "loiidlord , " ^ eps in , and with his torn Laws compels the aniza . n to purchase that oak- which is "town at nome . PP ° that
> ¦ 1 ^ "J" ^ 1 t 0 su se th s presumptuous lord' ot the t-oil would not have impudence to exact more , at first , from the labourer than wa . necessary to supply him with food . By degrees however , more was required to enable him to secure good dothiisg—then to enable . him to build- a fine cosil y mansion—then to keep a few servants to wait upon him—then to keep horses—have hounds , with parks and plots of ground laid out lor pleasure , aiid the production of expensive luxuries , thus growing in ambition tiil imagination could -dvjviso no laore to e shancc Lu-. aa-. i gmujie ~ =: and tyranny plot uothing to increase human mt = erv . "
Others nut owning land continue to foist themselves upon society in a variety of . . ways . Some employ a njimber of artisans and greedily exact from them what cmblcs them tu buiid mansions to dwell in , and lay up fortunes f . ^ r their children . Othtrs turn dealers in , crullers of food , or clothing , and buy . ifpo = sible . from thtrpxoducerfortid . what theysell-for Is . The L-liildrc-u . of botli these classes oftta out of the wealth thus extorud erect a number of cvttages , and , by Jetting them to the labourer , when industry wai never yet adequate to tlie cost oi" such an erection , form another description of drones . In every large town yon seeanumberuf structures the ex { jens . e in the ereci ' on of which' would luivu built a cottage for every aged couple , atid every uun burdened with a family in ihe town .
There- are-places which pious hypocrites tell us are erected to the honour of ( Jod : cater them , and you fee a fat healthy j ) iT > ona ^ e talking about miserable sinners , and looking as . demure as a judge . Yes , that snrpliced sanctified being takes from society fromi-2 to £ 4 per week , for standing there-an hour , or two 011 a Sunday . Uivo to tlie poor weavers the same sum for toiling six days out of the seven : let our artisans , and our labourers , of every description , be enabled to earn it , and you will hear no complaint ? about poverty—no need ' of building bastiles'tosejiarati : f ;> mi .-lied lm .-bauds and wive * , nor any nect » s ' uy ior planning the infernal emigration and trans port a Hun schemes to rid tho land of a . redundant popjilatiou . But the fellovriu blaeknever ]> reachvs surh ' doctrine as this ; it would not answer his trade .
The villany , insolence , and imprudence of man is unbounded iu almost every light that we can viow him . An e e--ti < iu has just taken place in this town , but only those po ^ sssied of a certain trinket we , e allowed to offer themselves as candidates : the possessors of the trinket having made a law to that effect . Would any one believe , if he did not see it , that such barefaced selfishness could exist I Yet , glaring as is thefact , it is peaceably permitted , and millions of brave , valiant , French-fighting , Waterloo Irishmen and Britons patiently submit to the imposition , and some horrible stuff about tlie awful destruction of property , a"id terrible phy .-ical force is made to sound through the land , till every old woman is frightened out of her senses , should any one happen to " say , " We will not he such cowards to onaure it any lonirer . "
Those who are the regulators of this right of caudidateship are the makers of all our laws , and of them I dare not say one word ; or , if 1 durst , you would not venture to print it . The liberty to print at all you procure from them , by giving them a guarantee , first required by them , that you will say nothing about them except in their praise , and with this master-stroke of policy and brazen-faced impudence 1 leave them . Yours truly , _ , \ An Ultra Radical . Leeds , > ov . 4 th , 1839 .
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ON THE MIDDLE CLASSES . - TO T 1 TE EDITORS OF THE XOKTIIEIIN STAR . Sins , —I have found that my last appeared in your valuable paper , and , agreeable to mv promise , that I would go further Concerning the "Middle Classes , " I shall now hasten to do so . And , Gentlemen , let us look into the state of things as at present acted upon . Tlie depression of trade , and the decline of the middle classes , is a mournful indication of that decay in the political edifice , that threatens to crush its bearings , and to throw down its proud columns to tho ground . Those middle classes , too , are the connecting links in the chain of society ; and in proportion as they give way , so wilL the parts break asunder . The stress upon them , as well as the lower classes , should and must be lessened , —their elasticity is tried to the utmost
and those who depend oa their stability should beware lest these links snap , and precipitate all ruin . Luxury , ostentation and pride have also increased ; and a -fondness for frippery and exotics , both of the Epicurean and entertaining kind , fcas infected both males and females of the middle classes . The opera , Almack ' s , the ball , aud the masquerade , are often thronged with them , anxious to ape their superiors in rauk and fortune , turning night into day , aud drowsily slumbering in the morning , while shopmen and apprentices are employed in the art of enabling themselves , by some pecuniary advantages , to imitate their employers , . or , at least , to spend more than their wages . This is not an universal error , thank God ! for , speaking generally , English " shopkeepers are prudent and industrious , but too many are otherwise inclined ; and even were they but few , th «> mischief must be extensive .
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From this step in the body politic we rise to the temploof dignity ; and survey the assemblage ^ of the nobility , gentry , and higher clasps ; And hero I may pause awhile , awl ^ survey tlib difficulties I have to encounter in treating of these orders ; not that '; I am at any loss what to : say concerning them , but because L have so much to say , that it requires some forethought and reflection to decide where I had best begin . : ' ¦ V ¦ .-: ;• . Prom this source the . manners and morals of the people generally take their rise ^ whether they be good 0- bad ; and to the situation aud character of the higher orders may be attributed the condition of the people generally . Wealth may be considered as one of the principal distinctions between the influent uwmiiibj , gounji ., auu Illguer . Classes . .. ....
tial and the depon . deut classes ,, as formerly ^ feudal tenure and exalted rank held dominion over the viliains and tenants of the earls and barons . And it is quite certaiirthat slavery may be produced by the influence of money and commercial wealth , as effectually as by land and privileged ; to which the humble must yield fealty and submission for their subsisteties ; and the surest ¦ ihdicatiou of a people sinking into slavery is , when the means of making them soy that is , the wealth of thp country ; gets into tho hands . of the comparatively few ; for if wealth be amassed , many must be poor—the poor become dependant ; and the few that are rich govern at pleasure : they soon usurp unbounded sway , and independency and freedom are banished from the land .
Men who areelovatel to rank and power through commercial prosperity , hover entirely quit tlio actuating principle :.-that' enriched , and raised them into eminence : mured all their lives to buying and selling for gain , they often carry the pvactico into their public and political functions . Money has done every thing for them ,-and money is still the medium by which ; they , think to attain every desired object , little regard being had to the virtue , honour , or patriotism of the transaction ; When men fix their views on
wealth- and power , they can see nof other object , and are read y to deal in any thingthat brings advantage toward the end degired—the rights and liberties of the people , patriotism aiid public good , arc all converted into traffic and commercial emolunibnt ; and it is no matter whether the merchandise be principle , patronage , or tho peopld , an African or . au ii . Dg . litfhm . ah , the bargain will bo made , and , living or dead , the stock will be transfcrred , and tlie pnee duly , paid , according to the custom of the merchants .
\ V ealtli has evermore been the destruction of freedom ; whether ravaged from the Asiatic Greeks by Bomau soldiers , or extorted from tho timid Hindoos «> y turopuan plunderers , the effect is the same . The Romans grew rich in gold , silver , statues , and works of art , but they lo . st their liberties ; and , as every one could not be a . Creesusi , the few who were wealth y did as they pleased with state affairs , and bought and sold the rights of tho people , until the very enipiro itself was made an article tor gale . Riches have been wrested from slaves to arbitrary rulo abroad , and imported to make slavejs at home , and to erect a coinmerciocraey more absoluto over the country than the Muscoyfan autocrat over his serfs . ' ¦ ¦ '' . ¦ " ¦ ' . " ¦ : '¦¦
1 revious to the vast acquisition of Wealth from tlie Last , and tho influx of riches , content and unanimity reigned among the great body of the people ; but few were abjectly poor , none dangerously rich , and scarcely any emaciated by luxury , or'denudated by intemperance or idleness . The body politic mi ght be moro lean , but it was far more healthy and decent in . its habits : it was subsequently gorged and fed by tho spoils of India , even to a plethora , and became , at last , a burden too heavy for the limbs to support . The stomach still craves , while the members decay and become pavalyied for want of action , and a due calculation of the current medium ; yet cannot the swollen capitalists abstain from that which increases the tremendous tympany . ¦
These remark's apply to men siuldenly raised into power and di gnity ; to all such , of cpnvse , they are not applicable , and far less to the ancient nobility ¦ am i gmiry of the laud , some of whose estates , arid with them their independent principles , aro sub * ject »( J to tlio controul of mercenary and usurious money dealers . By this , Sirs , . surely- tho middlo- ' eludes Will see their own interest , in being united , as iht-y ouglit to be , with that most liouourabJe class—the working class . In my next ! shall ehow that it is the interest of all classes to bo united for one general good , and that -tinypresent . system it ) quit * calculated to accomplish such unity . "¦ ' By . iuaerti ' ug the ' ab ' pTein your very valuable paper , You will much oblige ,. 'Vourii mo ^ t rcpuotfull y , A CoNSt . vKr Stiuscriueii , S . A .
Ambhrthornc , -October . "JO ., HW [) . P . S . Sirs , —I mado an error in dating my last letter : it Aviis the date of the 5 th of August ; it ought \ o have been the 5 th of October : it wa 3 my fatilt—not yours . . J . A .
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HISTORY OF THE GENERAL- CONVENTION OF THE WORKING CLASSES ; BY DOCTOR JOHN ¦ TAYLOR . ' . Jio . 4 . - SUtiny . of Februrury 7 lhli ) 3 ' J . Present . —John Collins , Patrick Mathew , John Richardi ; , P . fAl'Douall , John Frost , Vf . S , V . Sankey ,. Alex . IlaJley , . fjines Moir , John Taylor , Mattliew ^ Eletcher , Riahard Mealing , Win . Lovett , Ucnry . Viucdnt , John , llicharuson , James ' Wroe , Lawrence Pitketlily , James Fenny , John Deegan , Arthur "W ade , L . L . I ) ., WillLain Giil , W .. G-. 'l ltj-rus , William Gardp , Gharlss 11 . Neesom , Hugh Craig , Ik-njaniin A . Tight , James Paul Cobbett , Thomas R . Smart , John Skc-viugton , 20 . Tlw following wove also present , during part of the day : —
Abram Duncan , Charles Jones , Robert llartwcll , Gco .. Hovers , Win . Carpenter , Jame . 'i Taylor ^ Rd . Marsden , Peter Bussoy ,- James Whittle , James MVils , . Guarfte l . ove , leds , and 11 . lletUcringtoii , 12 j in all 40 members . ; Tlio following m-ambora were absent , Boniamin 1-Lidley , John Pcurcc , Tlroma ' 9 G . Salt , R . K . Uoiig-] &r ? , . Richard Moore , John Cleave , Joseph Wood , V / illiam Rider , I ' cargus . O'Connor ^ George ' . J . ' Harney , J-13 . U'Drleu . John Good , I'J . On a motion by Mr . ilotr , and- ' MrVRichardson , Mr . -W . S . V . Saukoy , was elected to tho chair . The Secretary read the proceedings , of a former meeting of delegates-. ' The Uoiniuittee foi'nied for the purpose of ascertaining tho best means of extending political iuforniation reported as follows : —
. lour Committee have to report that they do not think it adviieable to recommend to t \ ic 1-Convention , to cuter into any expense in regard to having meetii > £ s in the Metropolis ; that they , have made arrangements with tlio Metropolitan delegates who were \\ rcseut , to havo an oxperimontai ' lneeting in WhitQ Conduit House , on an early day , and from ¦ the'jwcess . ' of which they will bo-able to judge of the ^ ropvi ety of .-h olding ' meeting ' s in tho othur districts of London . : The . committcu also recommond thatsix or more missionaries bt > immeiHately appointed to vi . sit certain districts of England , for the purpose of esplaining tho principles of tlio Charter , obtaining Rent , and gtftting signatures to the Petition . ¦ ¦ ' : Tlie counties whicjh have appeared most in want of
tlu ^ attention are Cornwall , Devon , Dorset , Ivent , Uamu .-limy Esttk , and Surrey . As the priuciiMcs of the Chartists require only to be known to obtain universal adoption by the industrious classes , and as it is highly judicious that a general system of proceeding be followed ,, having the sanction of the Convention ; that ; tho utility W pointed out in the strongest manner to the several . . districts ' which have delegates in tho Convention of having paid lecturers in each district to instruct the people in political . 'knowledge—tho lecturer not only to attend to the instruction of the district , visiting every town and village , but also at times to perambulate tho neighbouring country , particularly those parts which have not joiiicd tho Chartist movement . ' : ' ¦
* It might also be proper to suggest to the people a plan adopted at iN ewcastle-upou-Tyno and in Scotland . Any part of theso Northern . Unions , or any Working . Men ' s Association iii tlie neighbouring country . requiring assistance of speakers at a public meeting can obtain one or more by . applying to tlio Council of tlio Union , and advertisements arc p-dt forth stating that such . ' assistance can be had . The Committee also -suggest this recommendation in regard to extending political knowledge to be embraced in the proposed address to tho people . The clause contained between these two astensks * although approved of in spirit , was excepted to by the rules and regulations . committee a ^ illegal , and / ' * as afterwards struck out , although acted upon at a later period . J . T .
PATRICK MATHEW , CHAIRMAN . Members of Committee present : — Messrs . Bussey , Cardo , Craig , Ilartwell , Hetherington , Lovett , Lowry , Moir , Neesom , Pitkethly , and ¦ Vincent . .-. ' . ¦ On a motion by Mbssrs . Frost and Wroo , it was resolved— .- - . '¦ : ' " That the report now presented he rpferred to the committee for drawing up rules and regulations for tlio government ofi the Convention , and : that Mr , Cobbetfs name bo added to the list of that committee ^
Mr . Sankey reported that the committee for drawing up rules and regulations were hot-prepared " to present their report . .: . Dr . John Taylor , reported that the Address Comniittee were not prepared to report , but lio ' - ' e $ p . ectei they would be so tp-morrow .
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Mr . Frost reported that the sub-committee for making arrangements to wait on Membersi of Parliament were not prepared to report . On a motion b y Dr . John Taylor and Mr , Hugh Craig , it was lesolyed-- . - ¦ '•¦ . . ¦ - \ V That Saturday in each y / eek be appointed the day for the meeting of all committees ; that the members of them meet at 11 o ' clock in the morhing for . business , arid j further , tliat the Seeretry be empowered torprepare a seperate room for any cbmr mittee requiring such . On a motion ^ y Mr . Cardo and Dt . Wade it was resolved ^ , , ; , - . " ¦¦ . ;' . - ' ... . .. ; - - - ' ; . ' , " That each member be allowed to issue one order eacb day for the admission of a stranger to witness tlio proceedings of the Convention . " Uament Wflrft nnt nrAna . roH in rnnit ««
On a motion of Doctor Taylor , and Mr . Pitkethly it was resolved , ¦• ' ¦ .--. ' ' . "That a door-keeper and messenger be appointed ;" Mr . Bussey proposed , and Mr . Hai-twell seconded , " That Mr . Mark Crabtree be appointed the doorkeeper and messenger at a salary of £ 2 per week . " _ On a motion by Messrs Geo . Rogers , and Whittle it was resolved , ¦ ¦ . ¦ ; " That-this question be referred to the Committee for drawing up rules and regulations , and that they report to tho Convention . " On a mption ,: by Messrs . Pitkethly , and Skeyington , it was resolved , " That the last business of every days proceedings shall be the calling over the names of the Delegates , and ( hut those members who are not present be reported ht the end of the sessions . " On a motion by Messrs Moir and Collins , it was resolved ,
' That amajority of each Committee bo considered a quorum and competent to conduct tho business of the said Convention . " On a motion of Messrs . Carpenter , and Knox , ... " Mr .. Duncan ' s-name was added to tho address committee . " ' NOTICES OF MOTIONS . By Mr . Hartvvell , that at the next meeting he would propose , " That Mr . Ti Wakley be requested to move , and General Johnston bo requested to second the introduction into the House of Commons of the Bill entitled The People ' s Charter . "
BY MR . DEEGAN . That it is expedient the Convention should come to some satisfactory arrangement respecting the collection of tho National llent , aiid tho amount which each delegate is to advance on behalf of his constituents . . ^ "' BY MR . WHITTLE , That the answer of-Mr . Attwood and Mr . Fielden to tbq committee appointed to wait on them-be taken into consideration at the next nisetiug of delegates . ; . . ' ¦ ' ... ' . £ * - was paid in to the treasurers from the workmen of Messrs . Perry and Barratt , of -Reading . The names were then read over , and the meeting dissolved .
REMARKS . The report of the committee given in by Mr . Mathew doserves particular attention as the matters they had to report upon were of the utmost importance , and their recommendation might give a tone to the whole proceedings . All the members with the exception of the London delegatss , were ignorant of the state of political feeling-of the metropolis , and even these delegates themselves were far from agreed upon it . It is certain that London had given no evidence of being alive to tlio importance of the move now made , its character was that of havingsent more delegates worse paid , fewer signatures , less rent , and held smaller meetings * in proportion than any district in England or Scotland ; wliich
returned a member to ' -the Convention . It wa ' a of tho utmost consequence that its real state of feeling should be known , as many tliought that no movcmont could be etfcctual in which the c apital did not take a most decided and active interest , if not a part . To 'obtain this accurate knowledge , howdver , was 'no ' easy , matter , as many of the Delegates from the poorer districts looked with suspicion ' upon any attempt to divert the fund * of their constituents to agitate London , which . " ought , to'hare-been ' at the head instead of the bottom of the list . Many , too , were suspicious of the honesty of the Metropolitan Delegates , for various reasons ; the chief one was
their having agreed t p accept no salary , while , as working men , some of them had no ostensible means 6 f --living if they gave up their employment . Another reason was their connection with the Working Men ' s Association , which many of us regarded merely as the tools of Grote , -P ' lace , Hunie , and the MaUhusian party . A third reason was the attempt made in the Association to idcutify tliemsulvea with the liirluingham Cabal , and thrust O ' Connor to tlie back ground . Whether these suspicions wero well or ill founded is matter of no importance ; their existence is certain , and appeared to present an insuperable obstacle to any unanimity of action *
By the exertions of Patrick Mathew , undoubtedly tlie most clear-headed , active , and energetic man that ever sat upon a Committee , and who was free from all party bias of whatever nature j calm and conciliatory , too , in- his demeanour , the difficulty was got over : in the following manner . It was determined that an experimental meeting should be held , and iiv order to prevent thepossibility of any loss , should th « expenses not be covered , and the Convention declina to sanction the matter , or to bo responsible for tlic deficiency , that each member of committt-e sliould subscribo from his private funds whateyor he could afford as a fund to fall back upon in case of ' -uefcd . The London ' . Delegates came gladly forward , and worked well Li tho matter 1 think ten shillings was ' subscribed by aJmost every member of committee ; and if I am not mistaken , many menibors of Convention , not connected with the : committee , joiuad in the subscription * aiid the
y > . Into Conduit House , capable of holding upwards of 3 , 000 people ^ was ordered to bo engaged ; the expenso of this room for an evening is £ 5 , exclusive of over expenses , but of which T shall give ah exact account when I come to speak of the meeting . This arrangement gave universal satisfaction . The plan of Missionaries and . paid lecturers was a favourite one of Mathow ' s ; he had eucoura < fed it to a great extent , and seen the bciiiiHcial effects of it in the North ot Scotland , ( Perthshire ) where ho might be sa ^ d to be the moving spirit of agitation , iu aid of which ho freely gave both his money and personal services , and ho lost no opportunity of pressiiii ; it nnon the Convention . Whc-j it did not at first meet with the encouragement it deserved from tho apparent . 'difficulty of carrying it into operation in a hunted time , it was , however aetod upon to a cre ' at extent , as will be afterwards seen , and to its partial ailoptiqn wC may fairly attribute the vast increase of signatures to the petition .
llicmotion was unanimousl y agreed to that the names should be called Over as well ' at tho end as at the begmuiri g of tho proceetlmgs , and that those absent trom duty should be reported at tho end of the sossion , the latter , ' ( aiid most iniporta-nt part to tlio country , ) however , has never been carried out tor wliafe . reason 1 know not unless that the press of busnjess . at the close of our proceedings made it be overlooked , as- well . ¦ as "tho .. ' means of circulating the parting address , and printinic the balance sheet
; for although , as one of the committee appointed to draw up tlie one and audit the other 1 bitered to remain in London at my own expense to see it done , no funds were allotted for . the purpose , aiid I have been deprived of many documents which were absQlutoljr requisite . In as far as I can however , I shall remedy tlib error or oversi"ht by giving the names of the inembers present each ' day in these papers , and shall give the balance sheet as now ready for publication so far as tho documents have been laid before nic .+
Sittimg of . Tire 8 t « of Fehruarv , 1039 . M '« , PltKKTHLY IN THE ClIAIil . An anonymaus letter . was received containing a report of O'Conneirs speech . On a motion of \) v Collins and Mr . Moir , it was proposed , " that public notice bo givo , ii that no . letters will be received by the Convention unless tliey are post paid . " On a motion by Messrs . Craig and Mathew , it was resolved , ' lhat we do not come to anylesolution on the subject , " ., ; ,. A'letter wasTece . iV € d from'Mr . diaries Aelierley On a . motion pf : Messrs . ; Richardson and Cardo on its discussion , the previous question was carried
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* In speaking of the London delegates , I must not be understood as alluding to Mr . Cardo , who had come out from , among the Working Men * s Association , as not suflicjentiy democratic , stood ana was returned delegate for . Maryleboae ^ and Ayas regularly paid by his constituents , while I can confidently assert that no constituency were , ever served with more zeal energy and advantage , and I look to him as the chief lmk which isin future to keep up the connection between agitation in the Jletropolis and the -district * -- ' The Lonclon delegates proper were William Lovrft Robert Hartwell , Richard xMoore , Henry HetherinKtoh " and , George Rogers : Carpenter was generally considered as one , although erroneously , ho representing Bolton .
+ Mr . Pitkethly has published an account of hia intronnssions , which extend over a good portion of time but ^ has acegmpwied it with no explanation to show Sf , i T f ** ¦ i ^ I *™ instiinces . to the Defence Fund , and may lead to an erroneous opinion as to tli « orders of the Convention : this will be corrected w £ the Defence Fund accounts are made pubUc ^ Some dissatMaction has been expressed at Mr r ,-. kethly s accounts , in consequence of some of the '' being incorrectly stated , anil application has beer ^ to me upon the subject ,, as one of the aud ^ ' mafe signed them , but tho error may be of the ' mr- ° ™ wh ° to a , sinall amount , and , " at a . 11 events cannn' ^ ls on ft against the auditors , who merely examlnf- , l , be brou sM laid before them , approved of tho e * C ° UIlti verified their proper ; addition u \* nm , P * W . and the documents laid before us hag i Pi * ethly , ii amount , I have no doubt thttfe , pufc . , 7 a wroflg rectify it , ¦ J , T , ho will be jready t <
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Mr . J . P . CdBJBETT reported , on behalf of the rules and regulations committee , on the report of a preTioua committee which had been referred tb them as follows : — ' , - ¦ . : ; , ;; . ; :- . -- . : ¦ : . , " . .: •¦ ¦" . - ; . . :- : % v " "TheCommitteeiwitli .. the understanding thattKey are not required to giye ' any opinion as to the ; expediency of measures for ^ tending ¦ political knowledge ^^^ but ^ mereljr .-to advise whether there be ariything ill the . report referred to them of an illegal "¦ ¦¦ ^_^_!^ .. r _ ¦ _ ¦ ¦ . -m ;; __ v ; i , r ' :,. t . ¦ ¦ « -.- " r . - " . " <*
tendency , have to state asfollows : —; y : "That they think it would be : advisable to orni * th e last suggestion , but one contained in the abovementioned report , ( beginning with ' . ¦ the following words . Viz ., — - 'It might also be proper . ')—because ; they a-re of ppinion : that the suggestion might perhaps be construed or twisted . to' have a tendency of an illegal kind according to the provisions ; of the Act of 57 th of Geo . 3 rdy chap . 19 , sec . 25 . ; - ''•' . " ¦ . - ¦ ¦¦¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦; , ' '¦ " ' " ¦ - * '
_ " Arid the Committee think it well to / remark farther , that although there are certain -exemptions in the statute here noticed , they extend only to ' Lodges of Freemasons , ' Meetings of Quakers ,-and meetings or societies for purposes' oi' a religious or charitable natnre , and in which no other matter or business shall be discussed . . " "J . P . Cobb ^ tt , Chairman . " Members of Coinmittee present : — " Messrs . Mathew , Fuosxy FLETeiiERi Loveles 3 , Cobbett , axd Sankey . "; . : On a motion by Miessr 3 . Vincent ; and Skeyington the report was received as satisfactory . On a motion b y Messrs . Vincent and Sankey , it was resolved , — ; : '
That the report of tho Committee for extending political informatibh as now amended he receiyed as satisfactory , aiidbeacted upon , excepting that part of it which lecommehds the appoihtment of paid lecturers iir different localities ;" ; On a motion by Messrs . Hetherington and O'Brien , it was resolved , — "That the appointment of the missionariea be referred to the Comhiittee for extending political information , and that they be empowered to send them and furriisli them with the means . " : On a motion by Messrs . Hartwell and MathewJfc was resolved ,- ^ -. ... . : . . -. " " /; '" That every delegate sent out be instructed to . return to the Convention by the 28 th of February . ' *
. Mr . Cobbett reported pn behalf of the Rules and Regulations Committee , that they were not prepared to report . ^ ; -f-Dr . Taylor reported that the Address Committea expected to be able to report on Monday . , Mr .: l > ost reported . that the Committee'fpr making arrangements'for waiting upon members of Parliament were not prepared to report . ¦ Messrs . Hartwell , Deegah i and AVhittle withdrew their motions till next week . . ' Notices of motions for Monday , by Mr . rluehi Craig , of Ayrshire ,-- '' ¦¦' ¦ ¦' : ¦• - -
" That * on an early day the Convention take into consideration what ulterior measures they would employ , or whut measures , they would resort to , or recommend to the industrious classes for speedily obtaining and firmly securing their political rights , should it unfortunately liappeti that the delegates fail in the attempt to convince : the members of the House of Commons of the justice of the principles of the People ' s Charter . And that a Committee bo appointed to arrange the business of that day ^" By Mr . Richardson , "• ¦ That' on Monday , the 25 th of February , the Convention , resolve itself . into a Committee for tha purpose of receiving a report froin each delegatei of the actual moral , physical ,- political , a-hef intel- ' lectual state of the various districts ho represents ' in tlio Convention ; and further , that no discussion take place in such Committee . " ¦¦ -. ' ¦' . '¦
By ^ Mr . ;»^ liards , " i'hat this Convention take into their consideration the propriety of holding simultaneous public meetings throughout Eii-laiid , Scotland , Wales , and Ireland , 011 April the 2 utL " By P . M . M'Douall , " Tliat any -member of Convention may move that the names of the Members be read over previous ta a : division , so that the constituency may have it in their power to ascertain the names of the Meinbera on the negative or affirmative . side of any question ^
. NOIICE FOR TOES&AV . i ? ff J amB 3 . Broi » t ' erre O'Brien ,: to move as followslhat this Convention , convinced tliat at the present eventful crisis it is indispensably necessary to tiie success of the National Petition that the people ' s undivided attention should bo concentrated upon that question to the exclusion of a ! L (> thexs not auxiliary . to tho same , behig also coimnced that the present agitation for a repeal of tlie ^ Corn Laws was
njienuea , ; and does actuall y tend to divert the working classes from , that : paramount object , and being turther of opiiiioo that such an unconditional repeal as would alone be likely to receive the : sanction of the anti-Corn Law agitators , would be rather iniurious than , otherwise to the ^ interests of the poorar classes ; : we , tho delegates of this Coiiyention do tliereforo , nwst earnestly recomnfienid piir constituents 111 particuar , - and .. . the unsrepreseuteid classes , in general , to deprecate and oppose Ml and ahv a < ntii . -
tioiuor a repaal of the Com Lxws , until the fate of the ^ tional Petition and People ' s Charter , sliaU have been determined by the Legislature , so far as the Legislature is competent to determine it . " : notice Fafe ' . WEiixfcspA'sf . "" - ¦;¦ ¦ > ' ¦ "'¦ ¦ •• ~ By Jamos Brohterre O'Brien , to move the follow , mg resolution ;—., " Th «\ tho opinion of this fJonveutiou it is despblfe that previously to ths presentation of the Rational Petition every . possible means sl , ! A llcl I ? ^ adopted ts . disabuse the minds of members pt I avllament . of any prejudices or misgivings they may eiit ^ rtain touching tho objects of the persons styled thajtiats , and to convince them , itf nossihlo
that the Chartists entertain no ulterior desi g ns Which are not s ^ ictly coiiserya . ti ve of all legitimate guaraatees tor the protection of l ife ^ berty , and property Also desirious that . thc means to be . adopted for that end should be of a . ; character , at once honourable to oursovos , aftd respectful- " to . the members of the Legiskitur& , this Convention does thcrefoi-e dpem it expedient to solicit ah interview with the gentlemen ot the Kouse ot Commons , in order to convey to them wliatever information we possess touching the wants and feelings of our constituents , ar id to bespeak their good wllm favour of the JJational Petition , andS l'eople-s Charter . ' ' . ' That in conformity vvith the preceding resolution we . do-hereb y ; authorise and instruct , our becretary to address a circular letter to each gen-* u Kiiowu to oc of the
^™ a member present House aLrr ^ S ' n - ^' , ^ Py thcs « resolutions , ? w , ni / tull J Wy' ^ g Wm to ah interview with the delegates of this Convention , to be held at the Crown and Anchor ,. Strand , : On Saturday , tho ^ 3 rd . ^ ^ notices by Messrs . Deegah , Hartwell i and was dissolved ienagain intimilted ' ^ e meeting da vi -- ' members were present the whole ir " ^^ » " ' " ^ l P ° llin s , Patriclj Mathew , P . M ' ^ ^ f < . - ' ^ V , Sankey , Jamea : MoirV Matthew Fietoh « r , William Lovectl Joseph Wood James Wroe , James Taylor , John Deegan , Arthur S . ' fr ^ ' ^ t Buss ^ ' - - Burns , James JIils , Hugh Cra , g , ; James P . Gobbett , John . Skevingto :. Henry Hetherington , Abram Duncan , John £ ^ t ^\ Y ^ ^ V 1 ( ^ - Halley ^ obert LVwr ^ Kjchard ; Mealing , George Rogers , John Richardson ll
T Mru- * ?^ 5 , \^ s * o' ^ ey , Richard Xlia ^ n !^^^^ v WvHiaih Rider , WiUiam : Cardo , Vin ^ V ^^ T ^ *^^ rtcs Jone , tienty s ^ i ^^ s ^ j ^ fig ^^ ass ^^ -aasss ^ . ?^^^^
R ^ MARKSv It was deemed advisable rather to submit to th « ^^ SfflSSS ^ SSBJS ^ aS ^ g ^ s ^ mmmm mSeeiiKnf S * f * >" d-illation *'( to * aS B ^ Ka |^^ £ Sa ^^ ¦ niS : ? A ? 5 flrffi ^ - « worthxofparticular re . a notice 'CS ^ en , ; it waa most essentially « f' . li i > . _ . . luiJ . 2 ULTEHIORniBaaiirfls . Wlwvh . na
reason for leav ^ lat ?^ Period , > Mr . Crate gave as a danijer that K tng * Convention in tlie hour of ulte ' ior niflT ' fley w ? - Foceeding todecide upon their cons ? v " ^^ ^ ey had no authority from authoritv ^ uett ^ todo s 0 ^ -a * J& 9 V be ^ had : no such mv acp J - om- his ^ rl shall ho most particular in duijt '¦ ' ¦ thia matter because Mr . Craig ' s ^ onoye > wa ! Pr « g «? # with . mischief : and da- ger to hr t % ^^ n who intended to stand true to his colours , \« wr ^ ° ? pl , for remarking ; on it more at F ^ . Wl 11 » e when the debate upon his mption , ^ . ad that upon ; .. nrjr mbtionfor ulterior ^ ^ measures come on . A : merfily draw the attention to the matter here jH * . A * ma -y « ot be lost sight of , as in all probability it aviU glYe rise to" much discussion throughout tin country . ; . ; . ; ; : ¦ be
tK ^ ° ^ th ^ ^ ices will remarked upon wheu they come to be debated . : John Taylor .
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¦ _ Messrs . Osbprne , from Brighton ' and- Warden , from JMton and H . { SViiyams . from Wales , all auiy returned , had not taken their seata . so I mato ^^ Tr « *^ C" ^ t « and Wood ' *» yi # ati * iiolton , and Qood , Brighton .
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( No . -2 . ) - To the Editor of tfie Xorth Cheshire Reformer . Sin , —Seeing in the Xorth Cheshire Reformer , of I 2 . ii -srerk , alt-tier , signed " II . W . Sefton , '' tho ob-:- '* vt of which -waa to aitack ihe political , character jni ] irocccdiugs of my fellow-ior .-n smen , Mitchell a :.. i Daylc ? , and the \ yriter , well knowing that those iaerk- - _ vrioTii ir ,-drriduais were not ab ! c 10 reply , 1 i »^ i-ave , a ^ the repreieutaiive of the Working . Mva ' s Association of this to-. vn , to ufrVr a few reinarkj . and , in some wise , in behalf of those iumalvs A ihe Caiile of Chester . On the 5 ih instant , 1 rc-.-ei ' . vu a lei'cr from rwkche !] and Davies , directed iho V < ¦> TK .: i ; M ..-n * s As < i . e : atiuii , vi which ihe . v arc menirri , and ivinch was ordered hy llic cvninm :..-e to be read at a public meeting . It was done : - >; aud yas reined with marks of applause . Now l : y ilia : < ioc- - . meat , it app-iavvd ihe v . riieTsliad been ¦ ¦ ¦ S-r-. n ^ i tha : Stftyn , llamer , aad XiutalL , reiru-. ^ riv a-cvi . J ^ l o .: r incciing " * , and took purt in our
: pr ^ L-eeaiiJi : *—pr- > Lably f ^ r improper purpose ? , since ; t ; i-- : r pniciicv-s d : d not corri ?> paKd with their yrofes-. ; . ! - ; -a ^ i t ' :. v , iu foi >~ c . ] ueuce , sent us word not to " P ' . t uny tru ? . m them , nor any person cl .-e * -ho ? c c -rsJuc : was inconsisrert with " their promiies , aud ihev vreii k : iew we should no : p : rt any trust in miik-Sii . i-TKii « - r i .-rmcrs . The ad ^ i . e b " einx eiircmely jjo-. d , andiKi a : all unrcasoi : able , we have afted ac' -ordint'ly . N . j- . v , this is tlie whole olience of which \> yr . * iit < -hc'l aud Davies have bceu ^ uiltv towards ; S- ^ fwu and Hauler , and Vhis is the u : igm o £ the ' fiuiliy Icnor sii ^ ied by that notoriuus individual . - ; Ii . ihe vourse of his lon _ g t-pistle , abiiuudiiig with ; v . - ,. r ^ Y svinenres , aud anti-Corn Law cant , " full oi : iu :.. 4 au-1 i : ; ry . siguifyiug nothing , "' he accuses the _ pri-iii . ^ rs . of being guilty of what neither he nor ¦ : y jji . ic-r person lias proved , or can prove , eve .. ^'¦ : Ch tho a ! u of Whig laiv aDd Whi >; justice , iiut , ih-- -jre place consists in the fact oi' both Mitchell
• -ii . 1 Levies havhi ^ , after a public challenge , on ^ i ' a : r 4 i :--.-us ~ ioa 01 ihe Corn Laws , beateu iheui , S _ -: ' iv- . i and I lamer (?> uttall exclude J ) at Hazel > Jr-j- . v , -iii-. e wliich time they never dare encounter a ^ oiher couiest ou the same same subject . But , u- 'vr , ihe victors upun ihe Corn Laws have become vjciaui to \\ nig law ; and being now confined within the wails of Chester Ca = de , Mr . Bobadil Sefton c - > ai . ; s lbrth iu all las Whig insignificance , and valiau-i-y fkiiieniies the two prisouestoa deliberate iiscui-iun in public , and what is more honourable T <> tx . ot , atl ^ 'jks their character in the bargaiu , ioTv-. vj ' ii' that neither Mitchell nor Davies will have
ta-a i . ppjrtuimy ot Tephing to his unprincipled er ! ; k-. Mr . Sefion , in ihe position of both jud ^ e aiiu jury 1 . 1 < .. ; ice , whilst speaking of the polhiciil ajjitaiiyi' pro ; iounces his confederates guilty , and aiiuw- hi . a--i : aud llamer to escape unscathed , and ti : e i ^ j ^ i \ i ^ i- > riuiis politicians autl mea . ly-niouthed v - tutTe : In Lhritteudom ; akhou ^ h both theinselvtri ui . < i ihe prt .-cht Chaniits were always ideutified in :.:- - ¦ -:. m : _ - cau .-c , and adopliuj ; precisely vlie suum m-i .-.- lowards the attainment of the consmon object , iita - .-l . an ^ e Ua = come over their spini , and why ! Let .-i : .- ? - r = . llxnaer and Sefion answer 10 ilitmselves ; : " . c j ..: j ' r . c Luve already judged for thenuelves : but ! ¦ .. --s ^ : i-um-o " uiers have merged into periilious % V . i .- ^ - :-ry . But , Sir , W . H . Scftou sugaciou .-ly v- . iie .: iha reasou why they have denounced the pri-. ' ; : vr : be-ause of his sense to discriminate between tile va ! uab : e and worthless classes of society . Well
¦ \ | \ ; li" »; : e , Mr . \ aiaable Sefton ; and you have discovered ii-., i : \ ujr quondam associates are worthless ; but '• v . icre ti : C diiiVrcnce lies 1 cannot fiud out . But I ) . ' -.-. - , . Sir , dees ii happen , if you be snch a friend to v ..- ]> r : ! ij . --j . ' K ' . s-of lladicaii-m , and profess so much - -j : upatm" for the families of the Chartist prisoners , U . ai ait-.-r die establishment of collecting Committees , u ^ e veekV . -ub ^ criprion has found i ts way Iiito the general faud , au-i that- these arrangements were speedily i iifiu-wardsdissvived ? Howisthis ? Again , a meeting [ i .-i the working classes was called the other week iu : i . ; ie -V ^ si- 'ir ^ ition Jtoom , for the purpose of reading ; ihe accounts , when your esteemed friend , Hamer , I 'Tiio hud bern roused bv some movements in the
ai-ti-w nig arrangements for the ensuing municipal eicciion , atteuded this meeting as a sort of "feeler , ' but hudiug it did not suit or succeed all at once , [• rolfe-i-ed a mot extravagant sympathy for Mitchell aiid iXm ' es ; grieved arthe nomi al donation for his ward for ' . va-t of solieitant * , he made great promises - > i support , and proffered his son to be a collector on l : s ? luily . Tiii ^ Sunda y morning . Another culiector ' . ' . is aj'p-jiiiied , and Sunday morning came ; but . Mr . 11 :-: ; er ~ s sjii , by suae uniortunate cause , c-juld not ail ' .-ad , aad Mr . Hamer himself , who professed to be a man of property , to make up the deficiency wry ciiariiabiy gave our collector the sum of one p-juiA- towards the fund' and for which we heartily iLuuk him . Mr . Sefton . whilst he abuses
iHtcaell , declares himself a Chartist , with the u . ' -. vcis of compassion , yet -we have no ; heard of one ^ " ; :: ule fraciioa ihut he ever paid . He will receive , l-ui ii ' _ -vvr ^ ive =. Therefore before he lectures others he shyuiJ be prepared himself . The writer proeesds ts- ciiurgtt iliichell and Davies wiih advocating doctriiits which , if granted , ¦ would dissolve the whole fi ^ iiie of society , if , in the advocacy of arms they La i uispleared the tender feelings of Mr . Sefton , an avowed republican , they had done no more than that r . _ . ; jinmcnue-J by the Secretary of tlie Home Dei > snaiCi . i , t ^ z ., — " That the principal inhabitants s-I . .. iiiil ivJiia themselves into a . s ~ oc-iatioiis , an < J governii ! t _ : ; T WouM furnish them with arms for the protecii'Ai > A £ i-j aid property , '' 6 cc . Wii . il 1 I 0 \ ou call " wild aud barbarian schemes "
! - ..- v :- ^ clear your = elf from the character of "" ifii k aad w ; . ier reformers V What else but sham Tci \ j .-.-i- - -T ~ can cither yourself or Mr . Hamer be called , whea , v , iiiu , t you declared that what you had done in ' ur ^ sui / iEg ihe wards ibr collecting was perfectly - -t § ai . \ ou Jt-serted jour posts when Sadler warned ihy ptlljcasi that they must not allow our meetings i . i n :-, ir houses ; you have been " weighed in the bAla » :: tr andfi-and wanting : '' but the working people , ibe "barbarians , " as you call them , on the contrary , bave bc ? -i at their post in having subscribed , withiu the la ^ t three months , the sum of ib'O . But where , ! - ^ K- SeT " ° u , 13 your . sympathy , yonr contribution 1 j ^^ V ? , ^ - s ^ ers , where 1 1 ^ iihontaiu-nding to the abstruse andirre ^ vant estion
. ; qi of WLigs and Tories , allow me , -Mr . Editor , ^ . through yoa , 10 : remind Mr . Sefton of a passage . w" - "" ihaTsseenin the introduction to the life of ' ^ - ; -aylor ,, which , ia reviewing the arguments j ° ! . ili 5 ^ e ^ -. nU do well to Ulusirate the reasoning j ei ... d . ne eitraet in question bears j-eference to au j . acconat jpven vf some spirits b y Agrkola . Those ^ i » ir . - ^ wyj-k ^ ; under ground , they sadly plagued the I i ^ r p eople ; mey melted , they mixed , they coined j la ? woie , they spoke , they esplwned , they argued ! they turned , mey twisted ; and when the vessel which , contained them was npset , to the great astonishment I of the bystanders , out popped n&ihing - therefore 1 1 have Trailed all this time in replying to nothing . ' 1 j hope ilr . Jsefron , when he thinks of again disposing
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 9, 1839, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1082/page/6/
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