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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THE LAW AND THE PEOPLE . «< We ' re hungry , Hotter , fire tu bread The peasant children ery ; lie peasant * heasebold laboareth hard For tbe hire of poverty . There is money on the chimney pieee , Yet tie mother may not we Her children fed : —What if they starve The Landlord hat hii fee ! The rent i » paid , the ehMren pine ; The mother ' s heart is -weak ; There is shelter bat the hearth is cold , ^ nd *> winter winds we Weak ; - The serf must ait with chained hands , Till the frosen earth la free : There is no sjomj now j—Oh , shame ! TheSiaie demands a fee .
«• Blood from o ttcMT—a Tain excuse ; The labourer ' s bed is sold : What doth he forth in the stealthy night , Although his home is cold ? He has soared a hare , for his children ' s food : — " Oat on the idle plea ! I ^ t him fee fined r—be lies in Jail : — Tfee Law must hsTe its fee . Why is ** that famished working men In felon ' s jail are pent » That thieves and palaeed pensioners , May gorge themselves with rent . What i » t that widows honest wiTes ? That starves poor families ? What maie them poor ? The laadlord / i Law ;—Doth justice daim no fees ?
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TO ERIN . Takes ( vi& a few alterations ) from an old IriA Magazine . Wt country ! too leng like the mist on thy mountains , The cloud of affliction hath saddea'd thy brow , loo long hath the Mood-rain empurpled thy fountains , ^ nd pity been deaf to toy cries—until now . Tboq wert doom'd for a season in darkness to languish , While other * around the were baling in light ; sL ^ ee % sunbeam e ' er lightened the gloom of thy
In tbe birtoplaee of Emmett , all seemed to be night , • ? ? ? That u past—and for aye let its memory perish ; jSTchwteT arises , white perfidy ends , T ^ ke Erin . ' forbear thy dark boding * to cherish , jjjiyraiits are fallen , bright freedom ascends . tj& the past be forgotten , soon shalt thorn fair Erin , iSat off the base spells which thy spirit enslave , Thoa shalt like the seabird , awhile disappearing ; Emerge -iritis , thy plumage man bright from the ware . Qoee mon Tno » g tt » verdure and flew of thy mountains , The shamrock shall ope its wet eye to the sun , While fondly the muse shall recline by thy fountains , I * d warble her stzaina to the rills as they run .
Aad plenty shall smile on thy beautiful valleys , Aad peace shall return—the long wandering dove ; Ab 3 freedom no longer a byeword of malice , Stall spread out her wings o'er an Eden of lore . Ben joy to ttee , Erin < thy better day breaketh , The long po ^ xr night of thy ww » speeds away ; ^ as ? o ' er thy chill breast the warm eunligit awaieib , Each blossom of liberty shines in the ray . Yet remember—the bloom will be barren and fleeting , Tf those act not with energy , constant and true ; Then rise ! and proclaim like tfce wild surges' beating , " The millions no longer shall bleed , for the few . " Bocbdale . F «
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THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN REVIEW , OR ; EUROPEAN QUARTERLY JOURNAL No 24 . London : Richard and John E . Tajlor , Red-Lion-Conrt , Fleet-rtreet ; Galignani , Paris ; Asher , Berlin , 1841 . The politics of this Journal we those of the freetrade school ; but more liberal , and based , to some exteat , upon sounder views , than the generality of the Whig prints . The part before us opens with a kftg noiioe and analvsis of Mr . Thoaas Carlyle ' s reseat wo k on Chartism , which we hare perused with considerable interest . Oae thing is dear , that aehber Mr . Carlyle , nor his re-newer , know what Chartism is . They deal somewhat largely in misre-B *« 8 eQtati 8 D 3 , but withont that low abnse , and evidently wilful perrersion of facts , in which our
epponenw so generally indulge . The admission of distress , and of the right of the people to expect energetic measures to be adopted for its removal or amelioration , is freely admitted ; but they mistake totally the causes of the evil and the true source « f the remedy . They state that in an Englishman ' s opinion the remedy for all evils is the extension of " ihe suffrage ; that if he has that , he considers himself free , and if be has it not , he is a slave ; and they eTideatly consider this as a chimera ef the brain ; but they fail in showing cause for this their judgment . Mr . Carlyle is an original thinker , and has told the higher orders very plainly that for idlers there is no place j be says , in reference to the New Poor Law -.
—" Xature makes nothing in Tain—not even a Poor law Amendment Act . For withil we are fir from joining in the outcry against these poor Poor Law Commissioners , as if they were tigers in human shape . Bay are not tigers ; they are men filled with an idea of a theory : their Amendment Act . heretical and damnable as a whole truth , is orthodox—laudable as a half-truth . To create men filled with a theory that refusal of out-door relief was the one thing Deedful : Hatnre had no readier way of getting out-door relief
nfnaed . * ? * In sll ways it need * , especially in these times , to be proclaimed aloud , that lor the idle »»« . n there is no place in this England of ours . He that win not work , and save according to bis meana , let him J > elsewhere . * * * He that will not work accordiaj to his faculty , let him perish according to his necessity : there is no law juster than that Would to beaven , one could preach it abroad into the hearts of all son * and daughters of Adam , for it is a law applicable to all ; and bririg it to bear with practical obligation , strict as the Poor Law BastDe , en all . ' "
Here it will be observed , that something -which baa aot very generally been suppostd to be a result of the Poor law Act is at least hinted at Mr . Carlyle proteedi u > the same effect : — " Bat this law of . No work no recompense , should tat of all be enforced on the m anual -worker , and hrengat stringently home to him and his numerous chun , * hile eo many other persons and classes BtUl go IfiOSs irom it , * m ~»» " - » J to ihe ease . Lei it be artoKed there , and rigidly made goo * . It behoves to be enforced eTerywhere , and rigidly made good . * * Work is the mission of man ob this earth . A day is rer struggling forward , a day will arriTe in some
approximate dtgree , when he who has no work to do , by -WQAtevei name he may be named , will not find it goed to show himself on our quarter ef the Solar System ; but may go and look out elsewhere , if there be any idle planet discoTerable . * * * He that can * ork ia a born king of something ; ia in communion with . Xilure , is maateT of a thing or things , ia a pries * , tod king ef Nature so far . He that cm work at Birthing is but an usurping king , be his trappings what thej may ; L 9 is the born s ) aTe of all things . Let a ttuhonour his eraftmanship , his can-do ; and know thai Ids rights of man hare no concern at all with the SortT-third of Elizabeth . "
Speaking of the suffrage he says : — " From of old the English patient himself had a eoB&BiIly recurring notion that this waa it The Bnjfiih people are used to suffrage ; it is lheir panacea for iH that goes wrong with them ; they have a fixed idea of suffrage . Singular enough : one's right te Tote for a Member of Parliament , to send one ' s twentythousandth part of a master of tongue-fence to national f * JM « . ' The Boctors asserted that this was freedom , and no other ? ? * # . And how shall we blame fee ¦ cnrotiiig disappointed millicna , that they too , bring still faiUi in what so many had faith in , still count ' extension of suffrage' thfc one thing needful ; and « sj , in such manner as they c&n—Irtt the suffrage be still extended , then all will be well ? It is the toeient British faith , promulgated in these ages by
fropbeta ami erangelists ; preached forth from barrelbeads by all Tnyrmfn- of men . He who is free and blessed his his twenty-thousandth part of a master of * ourue-f £ nce in national palaTer ; whosoever is not blessed but unhappy , the ailment of him is that be has it aot Ought he not to ha * e it then . ' By the law of < lod acd of ma , y « a ;—and will ha-ve it withaL Charfc * ra , with it » fire peints , ' borne aloft on pike-heads a&d torch-light meetings , is there- Chart *"" is one of &e raost natural phenomena in England . Not that Obirtim now exists should proToke wonder ; but that tha isTKed hugry people tbould bare sat eight yean at saeh table of the Barmecide , patiently expecting oBwthiaj boa th * same of a rXonp ministry , and not * ffl after Bight yean hare grown hopeless , this is the >« sptcfeabie aide of tbt airacie . "
We are glad to find that the rtyjewer recognises wie intellect of the masaee as the only source from wbitk real reform can emanate . He says : — 0 people are running wild far want of guidance ; bat they must centime i » run wild , if there be no aeans <_ . f ropp } j 5 ng it but by the wisdom of any class « r body whateVer . Let the teachers and goTemors be ** wise u it is possible to conceive , they will not Bccopolits wisdom , or the appcarsxee of wisdom . They -srill cot meet with loyaltj , or willingness to profit by their directing i&ficeixe . Is ihert ti » en no fartoer resource ? Admitting that U » condition ; of the *«*^« is utterls anaound . mast - » e acc ^ issce in the
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belief that there il no power which can relieve the evil ? " Mr . Carlyle himself shall answer the question for us . "' Twenty-four million labouring men , if their affairs remain unregulated , chaotic , will bum ricks and mills ; reduce us , themselves , and the world to ashes and ruin . Simply , their affairs cannot remain unregulated , chaotic , but mutt be regulated , brought into some kind of order . What intellect were able to regulate them ? The intellect of a Bacon , the energy of a Luther , if left to their own strength , might pause in dismay before such a task ; a Bacon and Lather added together , to be perpetual prime minister over us , could not do it Ko one great and greatest intellect can do it What can ? Only twenty-four million ordinary intellects , once awakened into action ; these , well presided over , may . '
_ " In these twenty-four million intellects we also place our hope , sad look for a substitute for the narrowed functions of the governing classes . It may not be practicable , or even desirable to produce in the mass of the people entire confidence in others ; but we know that there is a governing principle in every -man , to which he may pay- unconditional submission and reverence ; and the more this is developed , the mere willing will be his recognition of the claims to partial or general obedience which others may possess in virtue of superior knowledge , or even of the possession of law authority . *'
The article goes on to advocate emigration and a general system of national education as the remedies for acknowledged evils , with much contained in it we cordially concur , and from much we as cordially dissent . But it is worth a serious perusal , and affords matter for the deepest and most unprejudiced investigation and inquiry . Besides this we have an article on Labour , Dntch Colonies , and Colonial produce , aad on the Corn Laws , from all of which much valauble information may be derived . The great faalt is , all the reasoning goes to the support of a particular theory ; that of free trade directed to a specified end , that of increasing our foreign trade for the advantage of the trading and commercial classes at home . The principles of Maltbus and the Political economists are constantly kept in view , and the interests of the people are constantly overlooked . But though the reasoning is decidedly bad , the facts and tables are such as will afford most essential information on a
variety of interesting and important subjects . The article on Miliman ' a History of Christianity is extremely valuable , entirely free from rancour or intolerance . It is a candid , well-written epitome of the progress of Christianity , as operating upon the morals and manners of society , from the first preaching of the faith by the Apostles , until the decline of the Roman Empire . In this review of a most important event in human history , equal justice is done to all parties , and it is shewn that the various persecutions to which ihe early Christians were exposed had their origin in a supposed Btate necessity , and did not so much regard tbe tenets of the faith as the influence it was supposed to exercise over tbe wellbeing of society .
In the notice of Dr . Mill ' s critique upon what he calls the application ef the pantheistic theory to the exposition of the history and criticism of the Gospel , the author receives a well merited rebuke for the careless and inaccurate manner in which he ha ? translated various passages of the German Philosophers , some of whose sentiments are evidently falsified . On tbe whole , the British and Foreign Review may be considered a fair and candid work , conducted with considerable literary talent , and affording valuable information on a variety of subjects , ^ h „
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TRIAL OF BLAKESLEY , FOR THE MURDER OF MR . 3 URD 0 N . At the Central Criminal Court , on Thursday Robert BJakesley was tried before Lord AbiDger and Mr . Baron Gurney , for the murder of James Burdon , the landlord of the KiDg ' a Head publichouse , in Eastoheap . Sir George CarroJ , Sir Chapman Marshall , and Alderman Hooper , were on the bench . Mr . Payne was counsel for the prosecution ; Mr . Bodkin and Mr . Charles Phillips for the defence . Blakesley , in a subdued tone of voice , pleaded Not Guilty . " He looked pale and tbenght-( ul , and for the most part kept hfa eyes fixed upon the ground . Mr . Payne narrated how Blakesley murdered Mr . Bardon on the night of the 21 st of September . The first witness was Edward Bristow , a City Policeman ; who stated a conversation which had passed between the prisoner and himself on ihe morning of the 21
st" remember the prisoner making application to me early on the morning of Tuesday the 21 st of September . He said his wife was detained at the King ' s Head , and asked me if I could » ot procure an interview with her . I said I thought I could ; and I referred him to the Sergeant of our corps . The prisoner afterwards went with me to the King ' s Head . We went in together . Deceased was behind the bar . Prisoner said , ' Now , James , I am come to demand my wife . ' Bardon said , ' You had better go about your business . ' Blakesley said , ' Youhearthis , Bristow . ' I said , Btakesleyintends to go before the Lord Mayor to claim his wife . ' Burdon said , ' He had better go from here , ' and repeatedly added , 'I know nothing of him . ' I at length said , ' Blakesley , we had better go ; and we have done . ' We then went away . Blakesley bad previously told me that he had been unfortunate in business , and that his wife ' s friends had taken her away from him . "
Bristow added , on cross-examination , that Blakesley appeared to have been up all night ; and he showed a letter which he had received from his wife respecting her detention . George Harrold , a hairdresser , who shared Blakesley en the 21 st , f aid that he told him all about the interview with Mr . Bardon ; he exclaimed that it was enough to make a man mad , and that if he had had anything in his hand he should have phot Burdon . William Braddoa , a policeman , was passing a batcher ' s shop with Blakesley , whom be knew , when the latter , talking of the affair , and seeing a knife , cried " If I had had
that in my had I should have used it . " Braddon said , " Nonsense" ; and then Blakesley added , By God , I think I should . " Charles DaviB , a cutler ' s son , sold a batcher ' s knife to Blakesley , at his father ' a shop in Aldgate High Street , at one o ' clock on the 21 st : it waa sharpened at the back , at ilia request . Mrs . Burdon related how the murder was committed . When asked if she saw Blakesley , she exclaimed— " I did see h'm—I see him now—the murderer 1 " Lord Abinger— " You mast endeavour to ' calm your passions . " Blakesley covered his face with his hands , and sobbed aloud . Mr . Bardon
proceeded" My hiub&nd was , at the time the prisoner came in , sitting asleep on & choir , near the table in the bar , and 1 was slttini there with my sister . I heard something , and looking np sa w Blskesley . He sprang to my sister , and stabbed her in the left side , saying , Your life , your life . ' He then stabbed my husband , who was sitting in the chair . I then saw that he had a knife in his hand . He next attempted to stab me , but was prevented by my sister . He then rushed out of the bar with the knife in his hand streaming with blood . My Bister and my husband fallowed him as far as the bardoor , when my husband reeled against the bar-ooonter and felb * The prisoner then turned round , with the knife in " his hand , aad looked at us . He came back half-way across the passage , when he threw the knife down and went out of the house . When he had the door in his hand to go out , he locked round a second time . I have never seen him again until now . "
Some people who came to the assistance of the murdered man and the women , Mr . Cornelius Smith , the medical man who was called to the spot and found Burdon dying , and Dunn , the constable who arrested Blakesiey at Hitchen on the 27 th September , were the other witnesses examined for the prosecution . Blakesley told Dunn that he did mean to kill his wife , but not Bardon , if he had not interfered . Mr . Charles Phillips addressed the Jury . He attempted to exculpate the prisoner , on the ground of insanity ; his wandering about on the night before the murder showed that the separation from his wife had deranged a mind naturally weak . His whole life had been marked by visionary
projects" He would quit home , be absent for a time , and then return apparently loBt in thought , and unable to give any aceoant of the manner in which he had spent his time . Sent into the country on business , he would return without having attended to it , and be utterly incapable of giving an account of himself . He would spend his time in wandering about and lying in the fields at night , instead of returning to the paternal roof , where all wa 3 comfort and happiness . If these acts did not prove insanity , they were proof * of such a state of weakness of intellect as would be very likely to be driven to madness by cruelty . "
Mr . James Blakesley , the father , a Blackwellhall factor ( clothier ) , deposed , that when hiB son was four or five years old he was attacked by an illness which paralyzed his limbs , bo tha- - he would sometimes fall , and remain in that state for hours . That illness was considered to render his mind weak , He often remained silent , and refused to play with other boys ; and after he grew up and he was employed in the warehouse , he would sit at times with fixed eyes and quivering lips , as if he did not know what he was about . He had , however , aaid Mr . Blakesley , on cross-examination , never been sub * milled to personal restraint , nor had be had medical attendance ; and the witness had never scrupled to trust his books to him to keep . His conversation
waB generally rational . Mr . Robert Bell Williams , a wine merchant in Suffolk-street , deposed to a project which Robert Blakesley once engaged in ; he look a house , which he chose because it was " pretty , " at Foot ' s Cray , in Kent , in order to convert it into a bakery ; and he proposed to hire a cart aad horses at a livery-stable to carry the bread to town fur sale as bread baked in the country . Once , when his father refused to set him up in business in the country , he became violently convulsed , his face grew livid , and he said he would go and sell dog ' s meat in the street , or hang himself upon a lamppost . In his reply , Mr . Payne explained that Mrs . Blakesley was only detained by her brother-in-law in order to provide for her while her husband was unable to do so .
Lord Abinger , when bo summed up , expressed an opinion that so proof had been given that Blakesley ' s mind was affected to that degree that he did not Know what he was about . The Jury returned a verdict of * ' Guilty . " When Blakesley was called on to say why sentence should not be passed upon him , he raised his right hand , struck it with violence upon his breast , and in a loud voice cried , " So help me God , I am innocent of the intent to mnrder James Burdon . " Lord Abinger then pat on tbe black cap , and sentenced him to death , amid deathlike silence . During the sentence he did not manifest any greater degree of emotion than at any other part of the trial ; but he kept his eyes steadily fixed upon the floor , and in that state he was removed from the dock . ^^ . *» .
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ADJOURNED DISCUSSION ON SOCIALISM AND CHARTISM . JOHN-STREET , TOTTENHAMCOURT-ROAD- FRIDAY , SEPTEMBER THE 29 TH . This subject continues to create more excitement than any other brought before tbe public at this Hall . Mr . Fleming opened the tbe discussion . Socialism was more deserving of support , because it was more comprehensive . If the Chartists obtained all they asked Universal Suffrage , 4 c , even this would not effect any change in the relative position of intelligence and ignorance , of capital and labour ; the influence of class prejudices and class interests would still prevail . Socialism included in the field of its vision , man and his
manifold wants , while Chartism contemplated man enly as a political , &a a hustings animal , as a Parliament animal , as a statesman , leaving out all tbe other great questions connected with his moral and intellectual existence , or if it did not leave them out , it must take time to consider . They must first get the Charter , and then they would decide upon this subject ; but when will you get the Charter ? Who will get the Charter ? Surely not a body of men who are destitute of political influence , or who have no immediate controal on those who have votes—a body of men who are without property , and who are inferior to other classes in numerical superiority , entertaining views of many subjects similar to those of Mr . Williams . He had proposed him as a candidate at the Leeds election . It was a most
magnificent meeting ; bat what was the result , apwards of 100 , 000 persons were present Yet tha show of hands for tbe Chartist candidates , was Inferior to that of either Whig or Tory . A similar result was shown at Wakefield for the county election . What wealthy men—what wealthy corporations have you , advocating your cause ? What intelligence have yon ? It mast be admitted that wealth and intelligence would always sway the destinies efacovntry ; and that the Chartists had not the intelligence necessary , was evidenced from their staple susjeet of eomplalnt , beiag a vote 430 , dOO for education , and £ 70 , 000 for her Majesty's horses ; of what avail are you large public meetings—your passionate appeals—your eloquent addresses ? He did
not wish to disparage them , but if Government was aware of its true position , it would encomrage them as , safety valves , by which to get rid of the pant-op diaeoatent which would be gathering . Again , ia afow months a meeting would be called , strong reMlaUoM passed , much eloquent speaking take place , and the spare stew' 1 being thus let off , all would go on quietly . The SocV j . iste take another mode ; they end « avour to get Ian / . — to get influence in accordance with existing laws , and institutions , and so go out armed with their ewn' weapons to meet the enemy . Mr . Fleming , then , traced the history of Socia ism and Chartisia . Socialir m had only been four and a half years in existence . yet they -were in possession of 1000 acxea oJ Uad , txrf . bad ex-
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pended upwards of i > 1000 lta improving it . They had halls Uftt : the present , and some much larger all over the countr . v , on which they had expended £ 50 , 000 or £ 60 , 000 , and in every element which constituted power , were stronger than the ChartUte . He then alluded to tha failures of the Chartists—to . ' . the expenses of their CouTeutiom fcc ., and the division whieh existed among their ranks-showed the prejudice which existed against them , appealed to the Methodists for example , and stated that from their conduct in the Potteries to Mr . Owen , : Afr , hesboald be afraid to entrust political power into the hands ; of 00 powerful but so ignorant a body ; appealed to the Star in pwof of the ill feeling , which existed In onr rooks , and stated that Socialism was the only political remedy that like a mushtooa it could not spring up In a night , bat was like a giant oak which took centuries to bring it to perfection .
Mr . Stallwood , the Socialists had both evenings the advantage of having half an hour to open the sabject' All the speakers on the Socialist side have argued that the people were aot Intelligent enough for to obtain Chartism ; but they seemed quite to overlook that , according to their own account , more Intelligence was necessary to form a Socialist than a Chartist , and consequently we were not intelligent enough for Socialism . ( Hear , hear . ) But of what materials do they suppose the Chartists are made ; do they imagine they are Hottentots or New Zeaianders . do they know that the Chartists area lanrepart and portion of the Social body , who consider Chartism to be the steppingstone to Socialism ; do not the working classes produce all the wealth , build all the houses , fabricate all the
clothing . Does not Lord Brougham assure us that the working classes write tbe greater portion of our works on arts and sciences- Have not your Social lecturers Bprong from the working classes ? and yet you tell us they are not intelligent enongh to vote for a Member of Parliament If you wanted to learn a youth to be a shoemaker , you wauld set him to work at the trade . Set us to work , and if we are ignorant we will learn . Mr . Stallwoodthen replied to Mr . Fleming respecting the Chartists not possessing wealth or talent on their side , and showed that they possessed many advocates both talented and wealthy . He then contrasted the expense of their Congresses and our . Conventions ; explained that the Hampshire estate was only leasehold , and that the Social halls were not the exclusive property of the Socialists , but the property of the shareholders
; exemplified the uncertainty of' Social prosperity without political power , by referring to the conduct of the Synod of Scotland against them , and showed that , in the late persecutions , they had borne the brant of the battle , and thereby ; - ' shielded the Socialists ; that if there was a prejudice against the Chartists , there was much more against the Socialists , that millions openly professed their adherence to the Charter , while few , very few , dare openly embrace the doctrine of Socialism ; that even Robert Dale Owen acknowledged it was impolitic so to do . If the working classes were to wait a century for the attainment of Socialism , it was folly to ask for their support . Chartism was more practicable ; the middle classes were taat joining oar ranks , and therefore being the most likely to be obtained U was most deserving oar support
Dr . SHOTSKiE said some of the speakers contended for onesidedness ; he was for allsldedneas . The plain Esglfah of the questien was—will you give your sixpence , one shilling , er two shillings and sixpence to the Chartists or to the Socialists . ( No , no ) This was the truth ; and that made it a ticklish question . If Socialism could not be got in less than one hundred years , that was a long time , they might not live so long . His Friend , Ltevd Jones , wanted to make Socialism too big , to put too much in ; this was not rational , was not logical . He would tell them a fabla A man bought a horse aad cart , and wanted to make money by it ; so he loaded the cart so full that the
horse could not draw it ; he asked his neighbour how he should manage , his horse would not draw it , and he could not make money . His neighbour told him not to load it so heavy , and he might then get on . He tbougkt Socialism too heavy loaded ; he thought they had done wrong to take to farming Chartism -, and Socialism was a question of time and means . If they had plenty of time and means , take Socialism ; if not , according to their judgment , they should co-operate together ; at any demonstration they Bhould unite . Look at this hall ; three months ago they never had above seven or eight hundred present ; now look what co-operation lad done . '
Mr . Peat said their object was to ' tee which system would produce tbe greatest amount of good to the greatest number ; most of the plans brought forth by the Socialists for the amelioration of the condition of mankind , are only adaptations of Radical principles , fad were first put forth by Robert Cowley , In the time of Henry VIII ., and yet some of the Socialists spoke sneerlngly of Radical principles , aj ) d . asked what had they d « ne with the money , dec , they hid expended . What would the Socialists have done if they bad happened to have five hundred of their active members to support in prison , —( hear , hear , )—and what was the reason they hod not ; their principles were more lavelling than the Chartists , but they had acted with more
caution ; they had leavened their proceedings with much hypocrisy . ( No , no . ) Was not their first toast , at their anniversaries he , "Tbe Queen and the Royal Family ; " is not this hypocritical . I know that the Socialists entertain na much contempt for those idle mummeries , that they despise them equally with myself ; they had been taunted with the little progress they had made , and the show of hands being against them at the Yorkshire elections ; there were many causaaproduced this result ; but would a SociaJ , candidate have obtained an equal number of hands held up ? Mr . Peat then alluded to the suffrage in America , and showed that the Social experiments had succeeded better there there , on account of her democratic form
of government ; showed the impossibility of the poor weavers , and others , of this country , ever entering a community ; directed the attention of the Chartists to co-operation , and the advantages arising therefrom ; showed that the Social establishment at Tytherly was only a co-operative establishment , differing but in kind from those established by tbe Chartists in the North ; showed that a Tory Government would not let them carry their operations in successful practice , and that the Charter was most deserving of our support Mr . News was of opinion that a great deal that had been said by tbe Chartists was useless ; it was not whether the Charter would be beneficial , but which system would be raost beneficial . You have taunted us with tbe failure of our experiments in this country ; they were crude , undigested attempts , and the result was in
strict accordance with the Social principle , either positive or negative ; have not the Chartists failed ; are they not divided amongst themselves ; and if you had your wish—a fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s workwhat would ye be but a race of well-fed slaves f Mr . News then referred to the distress in America , which arose from the inequality of tbe distribution of wealth . They hod been asked—what would Socialism do fox the poor ? Now , what would Chartism do for tbe poor ? Dare you say bow many years will elapse before you get it The Reform Bill was a paltry measure , as compared with your Charter , and how many years were the working classes combined with the middle classes in obtaining even that measure , once get a community into perfect operation , and like our railways they wou'd soon surmount opposition and cover the whole land .
Mr . Parry ba 4 not beard the Socialists advance one good reason why they preferred Socialism to Chartism . All their efforts had been directed to show that they were in a prosperous , while the Chartists were in an afcject , condition . Mr . Parry , In a style of eloquence which completely carried the audience with him , showed the advantages to be derived from the Charter , and that it was tbe most deserving of support , because most adapted to our present circumstances . He exposed in a masterly manner the plea of our non-intelligence put forth by tbe Social advocates , and said that on the previous evening he had heard Mr . Lloyd Jones dilate on the pride of the High Church party , on the affected
pride of the Quakers , on the arrogance of the Methodists , but he seemed to forget the beam in their own eyes , the leading frailty of the Socialists—their own class pride . He ( Mr . Parry ) should wish the subject before them to be subjected to the test of the largest public meeting that could be procured in the metropolis , and they would then be able to ascertain which was most in favour with the public , Socialism or Chartism-Mr . Parry throughout the whole of his address was greeted with tremendous applause , and was allowed by all to be the most eloquent defender of Chartist principles , who has yet appeared on the metropolitan boards .
Mr . Lloyd Jones . —He was not opposed t » as expression of publio feeling , but he blamed tbe warmth with which it was manifested . Why sbwdd two parties , who approached so near to each othei in their ultimate object and only differed in their mode ef carrying it out , be led by excess of feeling into- apparent opposition . Mr . Jones , in kis usual calm and graeefel manner , dilated on the prisaiples at issue , file allowed that class pride was a fault into which , at a party , they might happen to fall ; h » was thankful to be told of their emn , and he hoped their Chartist Brethren woald
receive their bints in s > similar manner . Mr . Jones , ia conclusion , challenged Mr . Parry to disdws tbe question with him at some laaga place of pubtte meeting , ox Mr . Parry and one other , gainst himself and a friend , and he had no doubt il the audience were-all Chartists , that he should convlncfrtkem of the superiority of bis principles . 1 The meeting taw adjourned , the feeling of the audience c > dcided ) y prer > ondemtbig in favour ef Chartism . Mr . T . H . Wtealex will « pen the subject on tha ensuing Friday , on the Chartist side of the question .
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In order thatsn adequate idea maybe formed of the extent of this serious loss to the country , it may be as well to lay before our readers an accurate description of the bnildings destroyed , taken from authentic records , before enter ing into any of the facts connected withlt -. ... ,., The " Grand Storehouse is north of the White Tower , a fine building of brick and hewn atone ; it extends in length 345 feet , and is 60 feet broad ; it was commenced by James JL , and finished by William III . On the first floor of this edifice Is that magnificent room called the Small Armoury . On the south side of this
strneture is a stately door-eas » , adorned with four columns , an entablature , and a triangular pediment of the Doric order . Under - the pediment are the" Queen ' s Arms , with earickmenia of trophy work , by the celebrated artist Gibbons . At the west-end of this building is situate the church , founded by Edward III ., and dedicated to St Peter in chains , In which are deposited the . remains ef many noble mi some royal personages , executed within the Tower , or oo the hill , and burled here ia obscurity . On the east of this building is situate the newly-erected Jewel Tower , rn which the regalia and all the Crown jewels are kept . "
The conflagration , which exceeded in grandenr even the great fire at the House of Commons or the Royal Exchange , caused the greatest consternation throughout the entire metropolis , and from the commanding situation , of Tower-hill , many thousand persons bad an opportunity of witnessing the progress of the devouring element From the great excitement and confusion which it may naturally be expected such an event occasioned , it waa impossible that on Saturday night anything but a mere outline of particulars could be obtained- The following , however , being the result of diligent research in every quarter , and from informafcisn derived from the very highest authority , cannot fail of being as accurate as circumstances will admit of .
The first outbreak of the fire took place precisely at half-past ten o ' clock , at which time the attention of the sentinel on duty on the terrace , near the Jewel-office , was attracted to what appeared to be a glimmering light under what is termed " the Round Table , " or cupola of the Round Tower , which is detached from the Armoury on the north side , facing the Trinity House , Tower-hill , and eastward to the grand staircase leading to the Small Armoury . In the first instance the sentinel took bo notice of It ; but shortly after observing that it became stronger , and being convinced that something was wrong , he fired his musket to give an alarm , and in a few minutes the whole of the officers turned out , and the entire battalion of Scots Fusilier Guards , quartered In the Old Mill Barracks , mustered
o the sound of the rappel . The flames In a few minutes began to burst forth from the windows of the Round Tower with fearful violence . To describe the excitement which prevailed , not only amongst the military , but the civil residents of the fortress , would indeed be an act of supererogation . Suffice it to say , the instant the drums beat the alarm , the whole of the troops , several hundred in number , "were seen rushing out of thei * quuten In all directions , tnauy in a state almost of nudity . The moment Colonel Auckland Eden , the officer commanding , was made acquainted with the nature of tb » alarm , he lost no time in despatching information to Major Elrington , the acting Governor of the Tower in the absence of Coloael Gut wood , the Deputy Lieutenant He then directed the soldiers to turn out the Tower engines ( nine- in number ) , which was immediately accomplished , and they were brought to the root , and active measures taken to have
them in readiness to meet any emergency ; for some time , however , sufficient water could only be procured to work one , which proved of bat little service , in consequence of the tremendous height of the Round Tower , and the great difficulty of obtaining a position whereby it could be reached . Within a few minutes of the alarm being given the names were clearly discernible on Tower-hill , and information was promptly conveyed to the various fire-engine stations throughout the metropolis , and thousands of persons were congregating from all directions . The first engine that made its appearance was that belonging to the parish of Allhallows . Barking , and it was speedily followed by three other engines belonging to parishes in the precincts of the Tower . On their arrival they found tbe western sate completely barricaded , and the officer is command for sometime refused them admission , having received orders to admit no one .
Shortly after the large engine and others belonging to the London Fire Brigade arrived , and subsequently , the order being countermanded , the engines were admitted , and at once made the best of their way to tbe Broidwalk fronting the White Tower and the Small Armoury , and took up their respective stiti » na fronting the grand entrance to the latter building , which had previously been broken open , although no fears where then entertained that it would become a prey to the tomes , the fire being at this time confined to the Round Tower , although it was burning with fearful violence . Under the direction of the warders the firemen procured water from tanks which are sank in various parts of the Tower , and proceeded to get their engines to work , the soldiers working them with the most praiseworthy
alacrity . The hose was ia the first instance conveyed through the lower part of the " Grand Storehouse" and up the grand staircase to the roof of the Armoury , which was then untouched . Owing to the excitement , however , which tbe alarm had occastened , no immediate information could be obtained either as to the means of entrance to tbe clock tower , or to the exterior of the roof ; and had the firemen obtained their object , little or no service could have been effected , inasmuch as within a few minutes afterwards the water had sunk so low in the tanks alluded te that the hose of the engines could not reach it By this time , a quarter to eleven o ' clock , the engines from Jeffrey's-square , Whltecross-street , Morgan's lane . Southwarb-bridge-road , and others which
were at the time nt a fire raging in the Stmnd , arrived with Mr . Braid wood , the superintend it . as also those of the West of England and County firs-offices , and the Ctt 8 tom-houae . By eleven o ' clock the destruction of the Round Tower was complete , and tor a short time great hopes existed that danger was at an end , but subsequently a cry was raised that it bad reached the Armoury roof nearest adjoining it This was found to be too true , and although it is needless to say that every effort that human power could devise was resorted to in order to save this magnificent and stupendous structure , or in some measure check the progress of the flames , it is to be regretted that they proceeded with a fury which baffled exertions almost superhuman , and which has ended in its total destruction . On
finding this was the case , a general rush was made by the soldiery in order to secure as many of the arms and other valuables as possible , and two of the brigade engines having again obtained a supply of water through tbe medium of others stationed near the river , Mackaj and Staple , their respective engineers , carried the branches into the great Armoury-room , and got to wort , managing to retain their position for nearly half an hour , playing upon the celling wherever the fire made its appearance ; but a large quantity giving way , tbe whole of the interior between the roof and the ceiling was found to be on fire . This made them quit their position and make their escape by the grand staircase , and in an instant after the entire ceiling of the spacious ball gave way and filled It with smoke and
fira By this time , twenty minutes past eleven o > loefe , the flames were seen issuing from all parts of the roof of the building , and subsequently reaching to the Clocktower in the centre . The scene which presented itself was at once terrible and awfully magnificent The flames , which shot up to a most alarming' height , had so completely reddened the horizon , that it had attracted to the neighbourhood of Tower-hill countless multitudes , and tbe lurid glare whieh tbe devastating element abed upon them , and upon the various craft with which the river Thames was studded , was picturesque and appalling in the extreme . Crowds of people still continued pouring in to Tower-hill from every avenue that led to it ,, and several times it was to be feared that an assault would have been made by the
populace upon the Tower gates , and , whieh would doubtless have been the case but for tb » strong bodies of troops stationed there , and the arrival of between 200 and 3 < K ) of the metropolitan police under the orders of Superintendents Pearce and May , and Inspectors Maclean and Wallar , and also a- strong body of the city police force , acting under Mr . Inspector Bradley . The cries of persons for permission to enter the Tower who bad friends resident therein- were Incessant , asd several conflicts took place . This- state of things continuing Major Elrinjrton deemed It advisable to send for a reinforcement of troops , and about half-past one o'clock a
battalion of the Scots- Fusilier Guards , 49 > O strong , arrived , and those who hod been working at the fire and bad been on duty at the gates , were hi some measure relieved . The gonga of the lanrefioatfaag engines of the fire brigade announced their arrival from their respective stations of Southwark-bridge asd Kotberbithe off the Tower wharf , and added to the general din and confusion . Having been moored dose alongside Traitsrsgate , numbers of persons flocked to their assistance , but having no teas than 70 * feet of hose to lay down before the water could be brought to bear upon the now mass of feme , it bad become too late for them to be of any effectual service .
By half-past twelve o ' clock the conflagration bad reached to a frightful magnitude . It bad extended throneh the flooring of the Small Armoury into tbe lower compartment , occupied by the train of artillery , and thoM splendid trophleaof England ' s glory so well known to the public . From this piriod the dimes continued to increase with such fearful violence that apprehensions were entertained that every part of the Tower would be overwhelmed and become a vfcttai to them . Fire was to be seen gushing forth from every window of the bunding , which bad all tb ** pp « mu > oe of the orator of some volcano . 1 H * keM btoua * » iatoos * , thai II was ¦ tterir Impossible for » htmtm befog *> ¦*» d os
tbe broad walk between the Armoury and toe White Tower , am * before It was possible to remove the engine * , one of them wer # burnt very owlderablr . * -AI oae o ' clock the whftle of the Clock Tower , which bad stood tottering for some timp , together with a g-eat mass of tha roof , and some portion ot the npper heavy stone work of the building , . fell in with a tremendous crash , resembling the firing of heavy artillery . Immediately after this , the flames for some time increased their height , but assumed a livid hue of a most unearthly description , and evidently blew over in the direction of the White Tower , for which great fears were now entertained . Ik is curious Vo remark , that , notwithstand-
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ing theintense heat which it had to sustain , the vane ok the top of the cupola of the Clock Towesjkept its pojst to the north-east , at which it was pointing when the fire commenced , even at the time the tower fell in . All attentions were now directed towards the White Tower and the Church of St Peter . The leaden water pipes , running from the roof of the former , were melted , and the frames of the window * bad already ignited , bat » plentiful supply of water having been obtained , the exertions of the firemen , soldiers , &c , were directed to it , and it was only by copious streams of water being peured upon it , that it was rescued . The Church is also indebted to the praiseworthy exertions of She officers of the garrison and the- soldiers under their command , for its preservation . <
The Jewel Tower next attracted the attention of the authorities : the wind having shifted , blew the flimesin that direction , and its destruction appeared inevitable . On tibia circumstance reaching tbe ears of the Governor * Major Elrington , he instautiy directed the warden to break it open at all risks , secure tbe regalia and Crow jewels , and bring them at once to him . To effect thftr crowbars were found to be indispensable . Mr . Swift , the master of the Jewel Tower , who was ssnt for , was found to be in possession of the key of the outer room only , the other keys to those valuables being in the
possession of the Lord Chamberlain . On gaining aa entrance , ranch farther difficulty presented itself in tbe removal of the strong iron railing with which tb » diamonds , dec . were surrounded . After a lapse of about twenty minutes it was effected , and a most extraordinary scene presented itself , the warden carrying crowns ; sceptres , and other valuables of royalty between grasps of soldiers , police , firtmen , and others from the Jewel Tower to the Governor ' s residence , which is situated atthe very further extremity of the green . None , however , sustained the slightest injury , and by dint of most prompt exertion tbe Jewel Tower Itself was saved .
At two o ' clock the fire was evidently at its greatest attitude , and a rumour spflad abroad , even amongst the inhabitants of Tower-hill , that a large magazine was attached to the Armoury , and great fears were now entertained that a general explosion would take place . At times it appeared that such was really the case ; for occasionally the names would vomit forth burning embers of immense magnitude , again subside , and again repeat their dreadful thunders . This continued until about a quarter to three o ' clock , when the fire showed symptoms of abating its fury , and began to expend itself so far as to enable the flremm , together with tha engines , to re-approach the ruins . Prior , however , to this taking place , a new cause of alarm arose in the Mapoffice , which contains some very valuable maps , records , * o ., catching fire . That , however , was soon got under , and all the property placed in safety . Attention was now again directed to the main building , and copious streams of water being poured into it is every direction .
between four and five o ' clock on Sunday morning all danger of tha flames spreading further bad ceased . Not long before five o ' clock a portion of the upper part of the Round Tower fell down with fearful violence on to the reof of the barracks opposite the King's Head , which It drove in , but without injuring any one . Notwithstanding , the further progress of the flames was not apprehended . During the entire of Sunday the centre of the building presented one body of fire . It is a complete shell ; nothing whatever remains but the walls and the splendid piece of architectural maienry at the summit of the building over the grand entrance , and they are in such a tottering condition that they are momentarily expected to fall , and sentries are placed in order to prevent persons going within a prescribed distance- The only relic of glory that meets the eye amidst this hnge scene of desolation is an immense anchor taken at Camperdown , which , stood on the left of tha grand Btaircase .
By the kindness of Major Elrington , who , in the absence of Colonel Gurwood , the Deputy-Lieutenant of the Tower , acts as Governor of the entire garrison , tha reporter was favoured with the following information : —The gallant Major states , that Colonel Gurwood having occasion to leave England for France during Saturday , he , at six o'clock that evening , assumed the post of Governor of the Tower of London . At half-past tea o ' clock he was at his official residence , which is facing St Peter ' s Church , when he was alarmed by hearing tha beat ef the drums of the troops quartered in the garrison , which consisted of a battalion of the Scots Fusilier Guards and a company of Artillery . The rolling of the drums had scarcely subsided when he was informed that the Armoury was on fire . On going out he found
the troops were mustering , and observed that fire was issuing just through the roof of the tower at the back of the Armoury . He instantly gave orders to Colonel Auckland Eden , who was the Colonel in command ot the troops , to employ the men as actively as possible in getting the fire under , which « rder was carried out With tag greatest promptitude ; but the fire had got so great a hold that before a sufficient supply of water could be obtained the entire roof of the Armoury was la flames . The fira eocines soon arrived , but , netwithstanding the exertions of the soldiery , coupled with tin assistance of 200 of the metropolitan police , and fifty or sixty of the city police , the flsmes began rapidly to spread , and in the midst of them Captain Delme Da vies , of the Scots Fusilier Guards , rushed up
the grand staircase , and , with the assistance of his servant , succeeded in securing the sword and belt of bis late Royal Highness the Duke of York , and also tha celebrated Maltese gun , which was taken from Malta by the French in 1798 , and subsequently captured by Captain Foot with the Sensible frigate . Finding that the fUmes , owing to the wind at that time , were extending in an easterly direction , he ( Major Etrington ) became alarmed for the safety of the Jewel Tower , and instantly gave directions for tbe warders , at any risk , to secure them and place the jewels in safety . They , however , with great difficulty accomplished their task , having to gain admittance to the jewel chamber by means of crowbars and other instruments , the keys thereof being in the
possession of Earl Delaware , the present Lord Chamberlain . They were ultimately , however , deposited in safety in the Governor ' s house . By four o ' clock on Sunday morning the entire of the Armoury was levelled to tbe ground , and there being no fear of a further extension of the Szmea , he ( Major Elrington ; felt it bis duty to convey the melancholy intelligence to his Grace tha Dake of Wellington , the High Constable of the Tower , and at that hoar he despatched a messenger with as letter to his Grace ' s residence at Apsley-uouse , and at the time of the interview of the reporters with tbe Governor of the Tower his Grace's answer was received .
It was expressive of deep regret that so serious a loss had befallen the nation , and a desire to be informed if any further calamity bad arisen , and whether his presence was at all required , At the period his Grace ' s letter was received a report bad jast reached tbe Governor that a man bad been killed by the falling in of some portion of the building . Major Elrington , being desirous to obtain all the accurate information in his power , in order , to furnish it to bis Grace , states that he made application to Mr . Braidwood , the superinten dent of the London Fire Brigade , and obtained from him . the following statement , which he with great courtesy handed to tbe reporters : —
" London Fire Establishment Station , 68 , Watling-atreet , Sunday Morning , Oct . 31 . " Sir , —According to your request , I beg to state that tbe alarm of the fire in the Tower was given at three-quarters past tea o ' clock , p . m ., Of the 30 th init » On arriving there I found the circular building behind the grand staircase , leading to the small gnn armoury , completely on fire , and the fiaaes were extendiag along the main building on both sides . The height whieh tha flames had gained , and tha construction of the building , with the scanty supply of water , prevented any hope o £ saving the building itself . Every exertion vns , therefore , made to save those adjoining , which were happi }/ preserved . " The Map Office was at one time ia very gn » t danger , which was averted by the exertions ef the f jre men , with tbe v « ry efficient assistance of tbt troops .
" The White Tower was also at one tame is extreme danger , and the arrangements of th » officer sand exertions of the soldiers alone prevented itsdr ^ traction . " The fire appears to have commenced ia tb 9 workshops bebin * the larg » Armoury , bat I have * not been able to ascertain the cause . The engines present at the fire were : — Nine belonging t » the Tower of various siaes : V ? ht large engines belonging to the London Pin Ratal > lisbment ; two powerful floating engines , also « f tbe ' pjre Establishment : ¦ one belonging to the West of 7 ; ngland Insuraac * Company ; on » from tis Cesaty Office ; oca from the Custom House , and four perish engines .
" Ia conclusion , I beg to say , that th * danger of the fire fiukher extending now no longer r xists , but , netwithstanding , several of the Fire EstarV Jshment engines will sematn on tbe spot . " Sir , " I have the honour to be t yonrobsdif nt servant , " Jau" es Braidwood , « Superintenden' , of the London Fire Estf jblishment " " To Major Elrisgtoa , Officer tn , rCommand in the Tower . " Major Elrington also states that the workshops Ia question were closed about the same time as the gates of the Armoury , five o ' clock , and from inquiries be bad caused to be made of tha pr rsons waa were th « last to leave , the buildings appe * red nerfectly safe . With respect to the origin of tbe are , he thought U was ewsed from the flues of the stov * j .
About twelve o'clock 9 j Sunday an accident of a fatal nature occurred to one . of the Fire Brigade , names ft . Wrv « L The aafortunsS . « man was engaged ia throwiag water from the branch- © f n j , engine on to the bofidiogs at the east extremity , naarth * j # weJ-roo » , when a lares pieessfeoptogfrom tbetoeoftfasbuBdiagfWlosihsS , sad killed bim ^ oa too spot Several other accidents have occurred tbw ugh a similar circumstance , some fef themof avetysf riouschartfiter . ¦ Tfarongboat tir * wboie day the vieiatty of the Tow * presented a nof t animated scene . Thoussaos e * o » 4 iil the gates of thr , fortress , anxious to gain admission , bat the same rig \ d orders being . adopted they were not successful , v ilesa they bad an order from the Governor , or some hig'a authority .
In the course of the afternoon the scene of devastation was visited by several Members of Her Majesty ' s Govern ? ient , tbe Lord Chamberlain , Lord Hill , Commande / .-in- Chief , the Lord Mayor , ir Henry Tr ^ i-dlnm . OaL Vyse , &&
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/ THE TOWER OF LONDON . AWFUL COHTFLAGBATIOX . An event wbioh will be long remembered In t& * sanalB of English history , and which may be regarded in every respect as a truly national calamity , visited the metropolis on S iturday night last—v- ' js , the entire destruction , together with its contents , of that magnificent building , forming bo prominent s feature id the far-famed Tower of London , denominated " The Grand Storehouse Small Armoury , " containing , in addition to an almostaRd innumerable quantity of trophies , and other evidences of British glory , no less a number than 200 , 000 stand of arms , fcc
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"ROYAL LOYAL" LIBERALITY . Loyal Exchange Repeal Association , Cora Exchange Rooms , Dublin , 13 th Sept ., 1841 . Dkab . Sir , —I beg to transmit a series of resolutions passed at our public meeting this day , expressive of our opinion at this Association , as to tbe real views of Chartists interfering with the Repeal cause , and the course which we recommend the Kepeaiera to pursue towards them . It is deemed of importance that you be pleased to communicate tbe purport of the resolutions as widely as you can among the friends of Ireland . I have tbe honour to remain , Dear Sir , Yoar faithful servant , T . M . Rat , Secretary .
At a meeting of the Loyal National Repeal Association , held at the Great Rooms , Corn Exchange , on Monday , the 13 ; h September , 1841 ; Edwx&o Clements , Barrister-at-Law , in the ckair ; the following resolutions , moved by Daniel O * Couneii , Esq ., M . P ., were unanimously passed : — Resolved—That Mr . Ray be instructed to write forthwith to the Repealers in Birmingham and other places in England , cautioning them against any species of connection with tbe Chartists , and begging of them to exclude all known Chartists from their meetings , and stating that otherwise they themselves must be excluded from being members of our Association , as we can hare no connection whatsoever with the Chartist body . . Resolved , That Mr . Ray do state to the Repealers in England these reasons for excluding the Chartists from any communication with them : —
1 . That the Chartists have combined with tbe Tories in the recent elections , in all the towns where they had any influence , to support tbe Tory candidates , especially those most hostile to the religion aod people of Ireland . 2 . That the Chartists , as they are the worst enemies of Ireland , are , on the other hand , the best friends of the Tory principle of absolutism , making a pretext of being reformers , but , in reality being tbe most active opponents of practical reform . 3 . That by means of Chartist violence , in the disturbing of public meetings , rational Reformers , disposed to tranquillity and petceable exertions alone , have been driven into silence , and , we fear , have fallen inio apathy .
4 . That the base tyranny of the Chartists , in forcibly preventing the public expression of any popular opinions differing in any degree from their own , have been the means of securing Tory misrule and tyranny , by stifling the salutary voice of public opinion . 5 . That tbe Chartists have completely succeeded in putting an end to all Societies and Associations in England for Parliamentary Reform . The Reformers are disconnected aud driven into silence . Under ihe anf pices of the Chartists the Tories have everywhere triumphed .
6 th , That the Chartists having suffocated the cause of Reform in England now seem determined to try the same game with respect to the Repeal in Ireland . They affected to be Reformers iu England , that they might injure the cause of Reform ; some of them now affect to be Repealers , with the ill-concealed determination to injure and destroy the cause of Repeal in Ireland . 7 . That the attempt to produce dissension among the Irish Repealers , is made by tb © Chartists uniting with tbe most inveterate and bitter of the Tories , in false and atrocious calumnies , against the leaders of tbe Irish people The Times and the other most unprincipled Tory journals , are scarcely equalled in tbe malignant calumnies , against the leaders of the Irish people , by the equally false and atrocious libels of the Chartist prf ss . In short , the Chartists and the Tories are playing tbe same game , in the same
way and by the same means as far as relates to the Repealers of Ireland-8 . That the interference of Chartists with the Repeal cannot be intended for anything but evil , because the Repealers avow , and are ready to work out the same principles of Reform which the Chartists pretend to adopt . The Repealers assert as their principles of Reform , that general right of voting which the Chartists most inaccurately call Universal ; that is , the Repealers insist that every male adalt , arrived at the age of twenty-one , should have tbe right to vole ( unless he be a lunatic , idioi , or convicted of any flagitious crime ) , whether he be householder or lodger , provided he sball have resided in the district in which he votes for six continuous months before voting . This we call" General " or Household Suffrage , and it is , in fact , identical with that which is by tbe Chartists mis-caPed " Universal . "
Next . The Repealers are decided advocates for tbe "Vote by Ballot—the only honest mode of voting . Next . The Repealers are for shortening the duratiou of Parliament ? , so as not by any possibility to exceed the term of three yaars . Next . The Repealers are for equalising the electoral districts . , ,. Next . The Repealers are for abolishing the Property Qaalification . Next . The Repealers we for allowing any eonsticaency to contribute to the support of their representatives . This being the political creed of the Repealers , with respect to Reform , there is not the smallest occasion for engrafting Chartism upon the Repeal Btruggle , or for contaminating the pure and holy cause of Repeal with tho torch and dagger
turbulence of unprincipled Chartism . Lastly . Tb * Repealers will as little nsk the danger as endure tbe contamination of Chartist vkuenoe . Leading Char tists have proclaimed the ioreh and dagger , as adjuncts to tbeir afttaiiea ; leading Chartists have appeared ia open battle array against the Queen ' s troops ; and now that tbe leaders of that insurrection have been upon tbe merits , convicted of high treason , although deprived of the benefit of a point of law ; yet though the conviction was upon the merits , these leaders are cried up as martyrs by tbe CbarJsts . Their names are invoked with applause at taeir public meetings , and thus Chartism becomes united with high treason . The peaceable , temperate , moral , and loyal Repealers of Ireland can therefore have no connexion with practical Qnrusm . Edwaei > Clements , Chairman . T . M .. Rvx , Secretary .
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THE KOSTHERJf STAR . 3
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 6, 1841, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1134/page/3/
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