On this page
-
Text (5)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
BOTJSB OF COMMONS—Mossdat , Mat 29 . 4 Continued from oar simth page . } Tfch 2 i vss orongbi in by "Lord Melbonrns ' a iJovern jiEnt He aamitted thai all such enactments are in jcjne degree jgfralniB on the liberty of the subject ; j ^ j Jib signal ShsSs Hie present state of Ireland made jt n ecessary to impose them . The reports of tie leading persons connected "with the constabnlsry force pon-^ jied mp artaat evidence respecting the propensities -cf th e Issb peasantry to violence and intimidation , and aer ex lreine sviflliy for Hie possession of siras . Now of ^ === = ^ =,
giB Do sfc ^ isn fire-arms facilitated the aBmssinstions » ildi had unbappilv been so nmserons viSbbj the last feiF years ; and jnnrflers committed -with such vespoD ? True more fiifnculi to be traced t > ™> -wfiere ^ sEb i ad teen i nflic ted in any other tray . He rejgasa . by Tray ^ jf sample , to the cases of the late "Lord yurtaiy . asd -several otter vlctlais , Trhoss Kurderaa jaul n evsr been detected , and to a great nnrnber of atjaefcs Eide npon bouses -with a -new of procuring jjms . Es then pointed out the most material alteragtajs 123 ^ 8 by ihe penfiiEg bill in the lanr hitherto ^ on ^ tisted .
^ r ShaEHas Cbattfoed opposed the bffl . After flaafing " ** -& som ' cwjaderatioM of a more seneral jattre . he cams to the repeal agitation , -which be snpposd "ffcnld be relied on aa a main reason for the jaessnre . Bct if ^^ agitation had lately been revived , jng ja ^ sras bsrself thecacse of its revival , by fersikjug all hsr promises of redress for Irish grievances . He ¦^ js f riendly to Brifiah connexion , ba * even that conjjeoon might be pnrcbaseS at too dear a rate . This jm sraa a degradation to the magistracy and gentry , jt'srasinaeed fozmded on precedents ; but to none of ¦ gam lad he been a party , and he felt himself there-^ aefrae to more that it ahonld be read a aacona time m feat day six months .
l ord CLE 2 EX 2 Ssecoi 2 d _ ed 3 It & Crawford ' s amendjngnt- He xt-gisitea Oias it -was so moderately "worded ; ^ rr ke Tw > a 3 d gladly have supported a proposal that tbe gajesnt should beoiaered to Jack the bin ont ^ f thoBe teas . He thanked IVord Eliot , bowe-rer , for having jntro Snced the monster in its proper shape ; for , in Janoer years , the course had been to bring in a mere ^ onJnaEiiQn-bni ° thalf a dozen lines , whereas so ? the jbffisaEstion appeared entire on the face of tha bilL 35 sae ifas a lariety of measnres needed for Ireland , laiae of -which were brought forward by Government : lolls , grand jories , registrat i ons , manor-courts , and many other subjects reqnired legislation ; bnt xc&a zz useful -weald ever be enacted -while la {" tovermaeni of Ireland left in the ¦ ji h »»¦¦¦« * STAB
^ -was jitw u ^*» v j * om » u XCL | t X 3 fcuB ijHsas of the clerks in DnHin CasBs . The presant meaiure , if it passed , -would pass against the sense of a » msjorfcy of the Irish mumpers . SirS . Peel had declared himself generally adTwse to extraordinary mea sttres of coercion , as "widening the breach "betv ^ en Sk fisher asd lewer classes , and "weakening the efficacy of the ordinary law . Jfow , all these OTils-Bonld be pro-{ jnsed by the present bill , and a milder measure -would iare « ffi = ctea all the really legitimate objects ofit Since fiie year 17 S 2 , there had nsrer been apeiiod-when Ire-Jand was so long 'withont coercive measures as sho had now been . There had been times at -which the Anns Ast -was snJKred to expire , and to Be nnrene-wed fgt
two or three yeaiB together ; and be-did not and that 3 d those interrals all Ireland had been shot lord Clements , atTery great length , "went on throngh the list of the enactments passed from time to time for the preser-TaSoa cf the public peace in Ireland , TtmT y rn g q ^ ^ . smtstsnees under trhich each had been respectively passed , its date , and its duration . Tne present lall , he said , contained a clause respecting the arms of the Teomsnry CSorps . These corps , though they called fitemsslTes loyal Protestants , bad refused \ o grre ttd Jheir arms at ^ Sie order of Government when disbanded . 3 "bey had snee , in many cases , sold those sons into £ he waistbands ; and tbns it "was that an Arms Bill had jio ^ r come to be thought tecessary .
3 &r . BAXESO 3 felt soais TeJostanca in following tie speech of ihe 2 » dble lord , because that speech , if i t proved anything , proved the nece ? styof this BilL It " * as 3 iDi a Coercion B 31 ; its operatisa-was to disarm lbs disaffected , and protect those -who needed protection ; and it -was a merciful measure to those -whom 5 t sarred from being hurried into crime by blustering talkers , ever "ready to inflame others by discoursing of * 2 r and iraipons , but never Tentnringto touch even the bandies of their own s-words . He t » ishei 3 that those "who talked so loudly about dying for their country -would take to the easier and mars nstfol dacy of IninrJor her—instead of living , as they now did , only fer themselves .
Mr . Skeix -was persuaded that this Bin "would be altogether ineSdEnt . The spirit of octrage in the cocnty -with "which , he "was best scquainted , that of Epperary , sross , js ' ot irom the "want of antSecKve Arms Bill , but from the "want of a dnB adsiinistration of justice- -The Orotm Solicitor "who conducted the prosecutions at the a * w > 7 > g -was not resident in the county , but in Dublin ; he knew nothing of the parties or 'witnesses , ind thus he -was easily foiled by the legal assistants of tha prisoner , - who trtre men acquainted -with everybody and everything there . * y ^^ j it -was the practice of the Crown to bribe informers , bnt to lea-re -witnesses unprotected . Thirdly , the higher elassss -were rdnctent to serve on tLe petty juries s& the assizes : the only remedy for -whicn
reluctance -would prebably be a fine of £ 506 or j £ 600 . But be objected to this Bill ; it tock from the honest the means of defence ; it could sot take from the T"fn « m tie means cf annoyance . ; and even if it could deprive him ef Ms most noisy vespoz 2 a . it would siUl leave to him thsmore-BileDi and fearful mesuB of death . He objected to it also at this particular moment , because it vent to make a distinction between England and Ireland . Mr . Canning had said , Bspeal thf > Union ! Sesloie the Heptarchy 1 But suppose there trers one tew in Kent and another in Wessex , one in Mercia and another in Nortlininfearlajid , -would the notion then be absurd ? We-were told that Ireland -was an ~ Rn gH « h county , « nri a member of the great imperial copartnership ; but by keeping up different la-ws for the two
kingdoms , you yourselves inevitably suggested the idea of different la-w-givers . In 1819 j England too had an arms loll ; . a rfeTolnticmity ccmspiracy tras then on foot ; lord Castlersagh , a firm man , "was at the bead of jcar&fiairs ; yet even he , bred S 3 he had been in Irish politics , did not venture to propose such a measure as tmsinlL There "was no transportation in lord Castlexeagh' s Act . It occupisd but one paga of the statute book , buihere "was a bill of seventy clauses . Against lard Gasttereazh ' s bill , lord Grey entered a protest in the journal * of tha lords ( some passages of "which protest Hr . SheB read aloud }; and in the House of Commons Henry Brougham—not lord Broughamdechirned -with all Ma cserpes . Hoip -would Ins lightning have zhivered the Government
of thai day , hsd their bill been such "ft thing as fids—a tnfng te leguire that every blacksmith shali have a license , and every musket a brand ! What "Was its defence ? Tour o ^ m perseverance in oppresaoa . The Wings , it was said , originated the measure , Bir Arthur Wellesley being then the Irish Secretary . But Irebrad in 1806 -was not as Ireland in 1843 . Sir Arthur WeDeslBy , as Its cffidal of Dublin Castle , -was sot more different from thfe here -whose fame now filled Pta -worlfl , fh / Kn -j ± tB Jxtixad d 1806 -was from Ireland emancipated and gro"srn too l&rge&nd too powerfnl for the fetters -which -with you & 31 -would bind her . He then referred toa speech in -whidi Sir B Peel , after review * ing the long series of harsh acts against Ireland , had fzhimed aesinst the further continuance of so
melancholy a system of legislation . What tfiects thB Catholic CBsndpiticn might have produced , if it had been given as s timely boon , be knew not ; but extorted , < x -wan , as it > rart been , how conld England expect that the Irish -would acquiesce in anything short of psrfeci « jualiry ? Ton t&Uced of the IZnioa as a bond to be preserved at sll events ; but -were you sure that you ¦ Wou ld be -wholly is the right ? Tou had made a difference in Ireland ' s municipal franchise- Again , you 2 ad given England a Hegistration Bill for Parliasientary fauebise . "Where -was the Registration Bill for Ireland 7 Hat bai -whicb . Mr . lefroy , Mr . Jackson , Mr . litton , lord Stanley , had all said two years since must be ironghi in -without a "week ' s delay J Instead of it , Ireland had got a Poor law , -which had done more
toward repeal of the Union than any efforts of his could accomplish . Had the men -who expressed such » Bi 3 tudB for Irish morality bees always equally conadentioas on that besd ? No , they -were the mea vha , to raise a little contingent revenue , had opened sll the private sSOb of Ireland , and exposed her peasantry to ¦ flffl aSioBgest stimulants of crime . When Sir B » Peel gave his answer to lord Jccelyn , be referred to the declaration of a former sovereign against repeal ; but be , on that occasion , omitted all -which Ms lato Majesty "had added of conciliation , "while he re-asserted in fhe * lro ^ eEt tone "whatever in the Sing ' s message -was severe and stern . He bad nse 9 thensms of the Queen ¦—find that "was a same "which no Minister could deprive of its popularity in Ireland . The ^ aetn , -on her accession to the throne , had caused to be declared , in a
Istter addressed at her command by lord John Russell to the lord IdenteBant , her desire for a perfect equality ^ between the t » o countries . She had read of Ireland ^ "foe s— £ hs 1 eltibai compensation -was cue for Ireland' s " ^ soEgs . 20 i , aieB then dre-w a poetical contract bet * € « i -what he supposed to have been the aspect of her ilsjsty enjgiving that instruction to lord John Uns-¦ 31 , and her aspect in authorising Sir B . Ted to make iislate declaration . Hoir -was it that the Government , vhJ chiad seen the necessity of condliBtlqn asdliber-* B ty ia Canada , did not see the necessity bf the same Ptfliey in Ireland , of -which Canada-was the counterpart ? He besought than toatteekthe Irish people , to banish file Orangemen , to conciliaifi the Catholic dergy , Bnd to * a rn lor ~ QiEms 4 lTes an honourable renews and a tran 9 b 3 eoHsdHiRa .
Hr-SHUH { the Attom ^ y-GenEaal for Irela » d ) said cs-wouM not lexer to Ihe authority of lord Brey or 3 Jt Broughaaj he -ceuld refer to the anihority of ^ t-Sheilhimsdf . A former Arms Act "was on the P « 5 nS < f esplnng in 1838 ; it iras resewed by the T ? 5 ag Government ; tiie bill lor tie renevral -west fioongb every ose of its sb ^ es ^ and in not one cf * hem ¦ a id Mx .-Shsa siy a angle -word against that v 5 o-« Son < £ the constitution of "which he now so vfche-SienUy com plained . In 183 S > ie became a member of «» Wing Government in 1840 fliat GovErnmEnt again * s * Wfcd ij ^ e ^ U ; and $ iSi Jfit Sbdl did not , rer did ^ sj one oi tia ; Iri sh zn ^ isb&rs , open his lip-s upon it . 5 s the first ssFSHa of 1811 , &a ame GoTercment ^^^ li 2 e sacther Arms Bdl , making provjidoES mone ^ naseOiit&a fcefai *; ibaiiras ti » bill bow absatto
Untitled Article
expue ; ^ aagamst xt , neither Mr . Shell nor any other SXi ^?^ ^ ^ ****** * thDD 8 n Mr . Hume cahsd the attenbon of the House to it in an especial manner . Mx . Smith then inEtanced a great maa / c ^ ahojing the prevalence and violence of ontrage in Ire-^ i ^? ^ conseguent necesdty of preventive mtasure . Bsfora the plea of justice to Ireland -was set up jwe onght to inow -wha t -was meant by that sort of JusUce . In tte very year succeeding tbe Queen ' s letter just quoted , the Precursor Association -was set up . The o ^ eeta rf the present repeal agitatora -were—first , the total abohtion
of the Tithe Commutation Rent-charge ; next , the extension of the Parliamentary Suffrage to all sica male adnlts not convicted or a crime ; next fixity of tenure—a phrase meaning the transfer of the -whole landed property of Ireland from the landlord to the tenant—aed Tfith these -were reqnired Tote by Ballot , and one or two other extreme proDositions of the same class . This measure bad been in existence , -with little intermission , for tlmost a century : its necessity -was cogeai ; and , though at s *» late an hour he should not atteEpt to analyse its drtailB , he -was Erepared to vste for its second reading .
lord J . Russeli . said , that after the speech of tbe Irish Attorney-General , -who had put his argument , not upon tha merits of the bill or its present necessity , but mainly on the course taken by the lato Government , he begged to hsve an opportunity of justifying the course "whica , as a member of that Government , he bad pursued on this subject The policy and circumstances under -which the late Government bad to legislate were ¦ sridely different from those under which the present legislation -was brought forward . At the > r accession Ireland had long been misgoverned ; it wss necessary to bring her round ; bnt that was a -work requiring a mixed policy—kindness to the people , bnt repression of those ¦ wh o had been but too long acenstomed to violence . 13 rd Xormanby so governed as to have the sympathies of iho people with him ; and as these should have ! been mere and mue secured , it -would hsve become
practicable frem time to time to let go the harsher measures But when a new Arms Ac ; was introduced , he would ask -whether any attempt was now making to conciliate these popular sympathies ? Whether the recent deprivations of the magistracy - "were condncive to the peace of Ireland ? He believed that lord EUiot was sincerely desirous to govern on principles of justice and conciliation ; but yet , somehow , the Irish Government was a Government conducted by a small minority . The Irish could not but feel it a hardship that promotion was not distributed in Ireland as impartially as in Canada . Considering ; bovreTer , the whole case , he would not go so far as to withhold his vote from the second reading of tbia Bill . As to the Repeal of the Union , be was wholly avers 9 to it , for the sake of Ireis ^ d as weU as of England ; and if ifc were attempted by force , ihe Executive Government
must put that force effectually down ; but , while only legal means were taken , he disapproved harsh inflictions on the part of the Government , as tending needlessly to aggravate disssfisfaetlon . Now , as to those outrages , which in the time of the late Government had been ascribed to political causes , he mnsi observe that the last speaker had furnished a defence against that charge ; for his enumeration had shown that these outbreaks eccar under all Administratiens , and are unconnected with political erases . He and his colleagues had been unfairly treated by the Opposition in this particular ; but £ hsy had been generously supported by thti Irish people . The debate was then adjourned .
Untitled Article
? REPEAL OF THE UNION . ( Omitted in our last / or tcant of room . ) Mr . O'Cossoa lectured on this subject on Wednesday evening , at the City of london Political and Scientific Institution , TurnagaiE-lane . Charge for adm'sion , 2 d- lang before the ccair was taken the Hall was crowded to excess , the audience being composed of about equal UBinbcra of Repealers and Ch&rtista . About eight o ' clock , Mr . O'Connor having arrived , and the applaure subsided , Mi Wheelkk proposed , and Mt . Sha"w Eeeonded , that 3 ir . Dwai ?« e , an Irishman and Repeater , should take the chair , which was carried by acclamation , a ¦ voic a demanding whether he was an irishiE-n and a volunteer . ^ Mr . Dwaixe thanked them for the high honepj they had conferred npon him ; it was not the first time he had presided over a similar assembly . He had
been a member cf tbe National Union of the Working Classes , and had assisted in the marriage ceremony between the Irish and the English at the time of the Coercion BUI , which ended in driving the eccrpion Stanley from office , as Secretary for Ireland .: They lived in eventful times . He was proud to think that a conciliation was taking place between the W 9 iking men of England and Ireland . Ha would read an extract from The Hation , an Irish paper possessing the confidence of the millowners , apd no trimmer to either Whig or Tory . ( The chairman then read the extract , eulogising the Northern Star , and giving an extract from th-it paper , wherein it was asserted that the Government should not coerce Ireland , unless they also defeated the English workingmen . This , and the
mention of the Northern Slar , was received with tremendous applause . ) In that extract he cordially concurred ; for 600 years , since tbe Saxon invader had polluted ths soil of his father land , had the factions been strengthened in their deeds of oppression and misrule , hy inculcating jealousies and division between the men of the two countries ; and thus had the demons been enabled to ride roughshod over them ; bnt the mists of error which for 600 years had enshrouded them were ber . g driven away , . Joiin Bull was shaking hands with Paddy ; a long pull and a pull altogether , and the demon of aristocracy which already in tliis and every other country tottered on its pinnacle , would with one blow be reduced to atoms . Let them make a stand then for
the Repeal and the Charter , and unite in their moral majesty together . The name of O'Connor was ; a nama great in the annals of Irish History ; he loved and venerated the memory of Arthur O'Connor , and ; though he had differed so much from Peargus O- 'Connbr as to assert that he would never stand on the same platform with him , yet now he would bury all past animosity , and hs trusted that Mr . O'Connor would throw his great name into the scale of his country , and -would act with whatever leader or syrtem the great majority of his countrymen should determine upon —( loud cheers . ) Mr . O'Cosnoh on rising was greeted with vociferous applause , waving of hats , &c , and commenced by addressing them as Irishmen and Englishmen . He said be had attended scores , hundreds , thousands of publio
meetings , but never in his life had he attended one so consolatory to his feelings . He would answer the question which perhaps had been properly asked regarding their Chairman . H « was an f" **""* " and a volunteer in bis country's cause . The Chairman had stated thai he had differed from him , perhaps he had properly done so , and he ( Mr . O'Co had properly ' differed from him ; but no tme Irishmen could differ when their country * * cause was in danger . He had been in England ten years , and he bad not been a cairn unobservant spectator of the pnblic mind ; never in the midst of English agitation had the dear recollection of his native land been obliterated from bis mind , asd though be had differed from some of their leaders , that was no reason when he saw the nation in earnest , when he saw
that tbe movement was ripe , that he should not give them his helping hand . He acquiesced in the truth , -virtue , and propriety of the extract read , frem the Nation . The press of this counby , the Saxon press , a press which had engendered the worst feeling against Ireland—which had created jealousies and divisions , that the legislature might take advantage of them ; that press no longer looked with contempt , but with donbt , on their present movement They -were told that not « nly the press bnt the Sovereign was against them . Suppose ahe was : there is a woman for you ( pointing to one on the platform ) . They ttll ns the lords , the Commons , and the whole of the oligarchy are against us . This gave rise in an Irishman's mint * , to the Question , when weie they ever for
ns 1 Tbe lion Duke and Peel had vowed vengeance against Ireland . In coming that evening te the meeting he bad seen a caricature of the Duke at ope end of a rox > e , with Peel at the other , and Dan OConnell being pulled to pieces in the middle . How easy would it have bsen to have reversed it , and have put Dan at one end , the Irish nati 0 n at the other , and Wellington and Peel in the centre—daughter and cheers ) . There was a power which to work immediate evil he dreaded more than that of the Dnke or Peel : it "was ! the "vindictive feelings of the Joctlyns , the Kodens , and the Iiondcnderrys , with tfee local authorities at their back , which lie fcu-ed wcnld lead to mischief . Already was the organ < f the State Chuich party , the Standard , houndiiip them on to warfare . If there was any charm
in tbe dread or anticipation of defeat , it " might be gleaned from the Times newspaper . It no longer boasted of trhanph over a nnited nation . The Times now said that sectional reforms must be granted , and that justice muBt ba done to Ireland . It was now too late ; and he tbanked God for it . He now trusted that ere he died—aye , ere a jear had passed over ~ -that Ireland -vF « iuld be raised from provincial degradation to nat ional independence . The articles in the Times proved tisat threats and denunciation were giving Way to blarney and chicanery . The . wrath of j the aristocracy wes equally as great as ever i it ^ wa >; butprndencecompeaed them , in a measure , to hide it He had read all the articles in the papers , and laughed at the ignorance they manifested . In the Times there was some glib philosopher , some Oxonian : or Cantab just imported to thB tffice by -raflrnnfl , ¦ without « ven a knowle dge in -what latitude Ireland lay , pretending to
chalk out a plan to remedy Ireland ' s grievances . He asks , with an air of triumph . *' WIU anyone man demand a Repeal of the Union , when he seea that MDce thB Union the exports of Ireland are three times greater tLan they were before V The blockhead ; not tnowiBg that-at the period he alludes to the population of Ireland was only three millions , and } that it is now nice millions , msd that nine millions ought to prodnce an d export three times as much as three millions . But why measure tbe prosperity of Ireland by exports and imports ? If siitf exported less pigs and imported fewer parsons . U , Would be a benefit indeed . Th * Wee&iji Dispatch ( slight hissing ) had a very plausible ar ticle on - ^ c R ? pe » . l if the Union , an article very much euccl ^ fS «> l «* aT 5- ? ^ ronniorm-1 *; it r . fiwi would » Jj 5 ^ oo a ^ f-y -wi-ii the Union - * hen Irt 4 r ^ -sas so djsixzete * -ariiria itsdf that tbe men c the X- ^ rt ^ ? n
Untitled Article
the Union was repealed she would fall to piecaa from internal divisions ? Wasuot this a reason vrby she should have a Parliament sitting in College Green , to heal these distractions and to administer justice fairly to the whole people ? The Standard , the organ ef the Protestant parsons , said it was no ubb Peel wasting his * weet breath upon the sulgect . The Orangemen of Deny , tha two millions of men of the North were to be "let at them . ' How theso men magniBed their numbers while it suited their object ; there were not 600 . 000 Protestants in all Ireland , yet the Standird was talking of two millions of adult fighting m ? n . Tfceso were like Falstaffs men . But if 200 . 000 men registered their oaths for freedom , then they dwindled down to u few
thousands . If the Union was sa beneficial to Ireland ac « 3 not to England , why were they so anxious to continue it ? why express their determination come weal or woe to uphold it ?* Was it ; not a cotnpleie proof that it had proved beneficial to themselves ? How had that Union been bronghtabout ? Englishmen were not uninformed upon that subject . He had never addressed a meeting in England , in which he had not dwelt on Ireland's wrongs , and he had ever asserted that if he could prevent it , En gland should not obtain her liberty one moment before Ireland . ( Cheers ) He asked what rights waa every man entitled to ? Were they not entitled to be free ; to be bora in a land . they couUi call their own , and not to be mere slaves in the laul of their birth , to five enly to produce for their Saxon
taekmassers eurrounded wuh bristling bayonets aad murdered if they dared to resist oppression ? If the contract of Union was to stand good , he asked where was tha bond ? He wonld prove that all the conditions hart been TioJated ; cne of the conditions was that the question of Catholic Emancipation ; should be referred from Ireland to the calm phlegmatic St Stephens to { be adjusted . Was this done ? He had seen the brand of slavery on the brow of bis countryiner >; he had seen a little upstart weaver Pressed in uniform stand by the side of a poor widow digging up © very tenth potatoe for the service &f a church opposed to het principles . They wero told that Ireland was not prepared for self government , that she was not equal to the task , and this too came from them who for 43 years had tried their hands at it , and
proved indeed but sorry legislators . Catholic Emanc - pntion was bnt half granted them , and then it 'was given as you would throw a bone to a snarling &-. g . They had not been relieved from the impost of a State Church , kept up not for their benefit . But for the purpose of keeping them in bondage to the aristocracy . Was not the contract vitiated in 1832 ? Did not the King , lords , and Commons say , by passing the Reform Bill , that they had been corrupt and unfit to govern ? Did they nr > t , de facto . Bay that their past acts were illegal ? Since then they hart repealed many lav » -s ; was it then too much for a great natten , like Ireland , second to no nation on earth in courage , hospitality , or generous feeling ; was it too much for snch a nation to ask for the repeal of one law , to ask them to set aside
a contract which they had violated and broken ? Tiiey , tbe Jrish people , were ; determined no longer to j > tand by this contract , and for this reason the press were dipping their goost ) quills in gall , endeavouring to wile down his country ; they declared that the agitation was unreal , aaci that it was not intended to ro on . ile said it must go on ; it wasiintended it should go on ; and because it should go on , he was there that night te advanca its onward progress . The Times said that Mr . O'ConneU ' s speech had lowered the price of the funds at thn Stock Exchange ; but they were glad to see that Mr . O'Connell still held out the olive branch , and that sectional reforms must be granted to Ireland . They had , as was their constant practice , misconstrued O'ConnelP 8 speech ; he had tried fer twenty years to do
away and impede sectional reforms , knowiDgthat while there were so many grievances , it was impossible that ought could rectify them except restoring to Ireinnd her sative Parliament . In these days , when the mind was enlightened , when knowledge was advancing , ^ hen tii e understanding was cultivated , questions be ^ an to be stripped of their hubgoblinisna . Take away from tho Repeal question its horns , hoof , and ta il , and heaikecl what more dreadful was there in local government for Ireland , than for Manchester , or Birmingham . He agreed with their chairman and the Nation newspaper , that they should prerent a front of moral majesty ; that they should give no excuse to Government to mow them dow 3 . The Times , in commenting on a letter of ths Bishop of Ardaeh for the lirst tiin < j in its
columns , called him 'f iny lord , " a title denied to their Bishops by the Emancipation BilL The Bi&hop , in his letter , declared that Ireland must stand in her own defence—that she must carry on no aggressive warfaro ; but if -attacked , they would betake themselves to the sanctuary of God , and there determine on their future course . When the mouthful of sawdust , uttered by Peel , arrived . in Ireland , what , said O'Connell ? that ha would not be driven out of' the law—that he would * tand on ths back and the front , the inside and the outside of tbe law , and , if attacked in that sanctuary , they would say ve victas , which in English , was " Woe to tha conqueror . ' * Even the strong Government ' was beginning to halt in its cource ; with the opposition of all the industrious classes , the
opposition of the Chartists , the Corn law Repealers , the Irish Repealers , and with the poor inda 3 trioua Church of England and Scotland , all firing a ^ ay at the bastions of corruption , how could the Government tiad means to attack tbe game cock of the Corn Excbauge 1 Hew was the Union bronght about ? When the wrongs of their country had goaded them to desperationwhen the green fields of Erin were died red with the blood of her patriot sons—when ber children , who would have protected her , were slain or banished —was that a time to : force upon her a Union ? When her sons were in exile , or laid under the cold turfwas that a time for a bride to be courted by a bridegroom smeared with tbe blood of her children ? He appealed to history whether this was not the first atep
taken by their Saxon taskmasters to prepare the w&y for the Union , ere the Irish Parliament was bribed to betray their country ? In England a member of Parliament was ousted for : bribery . Why , then , should thu acts of that bribed Parliament stand good ? Why should they not be impeached for bribery ? They were told that the condition of Ireland was worse before the Union than at present Granting it was so , was not the condition of England worse at that period than at present ? Were all the advantages of civiltzttion and the spread of knowledge to be taken into account for England , and not for Ireland f look even for a period of twenty years back . Was the condition of America or Belgium then equal to their present condition ? Was the principle of progression to be annulled in Ireland
only ? He trusted that he should live twenty years after Ireland was again a nation ; and he would then proudly point back , and show them how Ireland had progressed when Ireland had a native Parliament It was in some degree an index to the public mind that they were then upheld by popular opinion ; tbe grosser passions of their arUtocraey were kept back ; they then stopped at home and spent their money in Ireland . He did not say that the Irish Parliament had ever done justice to Ireland . In fact they never had a Parliament , for the Irish ; Catholic was not allowed to vote for a member . Yet Ireland was then better governed by a native Parliament , cbostn by Protestant electors , than by a Saxon Parliament , elected partly by Catholic voters . They bad then some cf the unities of a nation
—they bad one Duke ( Heaven save the mark !); they had their aristocracy and country gentlemen residing on their estates . What made london such a great and noble city ? Was It not partly their aid ? Did not they , when carrying tbe hod—when assisting in rearing the stately edifice—when disposing of their earnings , help to raise the sffluence ef the city ? And why-should they not carry that labour to a city of their own ? Why should they have empty halls and deserted streets to swell the grandeur of others ? They had got ocoular demonstration that a Saxon Parliament did not legislate for them . A great law officer , who had filled the first law office of tho crown , asserted they were " aliens in language , religion , and blood" —( shame ) . Then why not let them go back and be governed by their brother
aliens ? In considering this question , they must not be guided by their -oyrn enthusiasm or zeal , but by circuni ' stances as they were . In speaking of this all-absorbing , this everything-elee-destroying question , they must look at it as affecting the interests of Englishmen . He would dwell but a moment on the cold subject of interest , bnt he could prove that a Repeal of the Union , if beneficial for Ireland , was equally indispensable for EngUnd . An Irishman never left his home , if a subsistence could be obtained ; but they were compelled , fey dire necessity , to leave their native land and to swallow up every year twenty millions of capital eat ct the English labour market ; besides the additional harm of constituting an unemployed reserve for the masters to fall back upon . This brought him to
the important subject of over-population . He agreed with Malthus that there was a surplus population ; fee admitt -n triit in every parish in Irelaad there was a suro ^ 3 . ^ puiauoit ; Out of every parish be would pick out * Uw ' iate church parson ; the ope locust which devoured evsry gre « n thing ; and then there would be ample room for the flock to range nA liberty . The same argument applied equally to England . WhBn they dreve the bugs away boaesS mer > conld live in peace ; and they wonld b . ave the consolation of knowing that at the close of life their bones could rest with those whem , in life , they held most dear . Now that the great struggle had commenced , adverse circumstances were rapidly disappearing . Fite or six months back he could not see hia way dear , bnt when on every Saturday he saw tho national rent ' amount to £ 500 or £ 600 , and this too in the very worst month in tha year , when poverty was staring them in the iace ; whea he saw this amount cheerfully given , ! h « asserted that any pow « whicb
wonld attempt toiinTade the Irish people mnst be more than human . They might in their fretiy attempt to do so ; their organs might honnd on the men of the north acainst the men of tte south ; but he had read with delight , in tbe Government organs , that ati Irish ' man , whether in a green coat or a red , whetbei with a Ehillaleo in his hand or a musket on his shoulder , in the day ef his country ' s tronble / never forgot that ie was an Irishman . He "waB almost inclined to make an exception agaliisS those eaves-dropping , green-coated , yiaiow-turaefi-npipblice , whom , when in Ireland , from their uniform , he had christened Cockatoos . $ appeared from the papers that one of these eavesdroppers of the name of Cat sidy had fallen into oonr * rsation frith arifl « - man of the name of Pearson , who assert ^ J ^ hat if it o&mc to a struggle he would never fire ojqgJUfe BPuntiry . men . The eavVs-dropper carried it w ^ dfjQiBiniisBary-Grr . TaJ , ssd Pes-Eon . cn b eirj ? f-riniinediitijtated that Cnssiay had forced the conversatior upon Mm , and he
Untitled Article
had merely said ; that he would fire over the people . It mattered not which was the trua version , it was evident from the examination that somothins passed between a soldier and a policeman about firing . God forbid it should ever come to such J a sad result ! If Father Mathew bad lived in 1797 , to have inculcated that cpirit of temparance and forbearaijce which he so auccessfnlly inculcated in the present dajfc . Ireland would not then have been l *> at . The IrisE&ever , no matter what were the caus 88 , turned their backs upoa the foj , ; or shuddered in the gale ; and it was Ettll on record , that until they got drunk—until they wero disordered by intoxication—in every encounter the Irish defeated the red-coated rebeh ; that , instead of flying iu every battle , the halfarmsd Irisb >
taen mowed down the rebels to Ireland . At that period , under ; the influence of spirits , they were goaded into premature warfare ; but now they were under the influence of the mind , and wero guided by reason , and tbsy would find that mind was their greatest safeguard . He had no doubt th&t spies were employed iu Ireland , samo as now in England ; he had no doubt but an attempt would be made to ceerce them ; he bad always said that , hswever corrupt a lagislature mi ght bo , it still had a ! restraining power over the Executive . He now told them-aid be called upon them to mark hia \ vords—Sir Robert would allow the agitation to go on unheeded ; he woulcl at aa early period prorogue Parliament-he would thea let slip the dogs of wari The best blood
in Ireland might ha shod in the struggle to defend taeir rights . Peel would come down to Parliament , ana state that ie had warned them that , if necessary , ha should call on them for increased powers , and asssrt there was not much difference between having them when asked for aad taking them on * n emergency . But , as the chairman had said , he thanked God that the two countries were unitad ; and if they coerced Ireland , thpy must also , cootcs England . ( Louu cheers . ) ' He did not know in that case -what , ns an Irishman , he should do ; he would say nothing . H « h id the day afttr to-morrow to appear before the Queen's Bendfr ; but if hia countrymen in Irelaad were invaded and in peril , Leas an Irishman should feel himself invaded in , England . There were good men in
England —( hear ) . He saw before him a man , who at Birlutngham had saved his lifo from 1500 men . He did not stop to inquire whether be was a Repealer or not—( shouts of " arouse . " ) He ( Mr . O'C ) . annouacad in the firstnumber of tbe Northern Star in 1837 , that a Repeal of the Union Waa essential for tbe prosperity of Ireland —( " that " a true . ) " Since then , him and hia countrymen bad fought like men , -s > t rather like man and wife—( sheers ) He had been knocked down five or six times , and rendered insensiblo from a cat on the temple—( " It was all for love " . j He did not stop to inquire what it was for , he knew it was for gome Irish purpose , and that satisfied him . He had lived through turmoil and persecution ; he had attended more pnblio meetings than any man la the world , and he had never missed an
opportunity of inculcating into Englishmen the wrongs of his country . They need cot be alarmed that he should damage them by the mention of physical force ; he would caution / them not to be shot down by factions j as man increased ; in mind and dignity , brute force receded from his ideas ^ They had now begau to U 3 te the fruits of misrepresentation ; they now began to seethe falsepicture ' given of theirobjects and desires , and they would be in ^ re capable pf doing justice to him and saying the reports about ; O'Connor may have been aa false aa those about ouMelve . d . He would never praise Ireland at the exprnoe of E ; gland , or England at the txpauce of Irekiid ; bus he had always asserted that Paiidy was . a better agitato * than John Bull . After the Uurk November set in , Paddy got in potatoes and was always
provided with a . resource , and if a warfare should occur , tbe stock of hia neighbour he was equally welcome to ns his own ; but the cause that paralysed working men in England , which prevented even thoir tonguas from wagging , was , that if they had ho Saturday nigiit , they had r > 9 -Monday morning . If over Ireland ' s rights should be achieved , it Would bu by tiie means suggested by O'Cunneil . , ' If thrto hundred good msn should nappen to meet in Dablin—if " spontaniets" should happen to bo the resalt , then he had hopes that tbe day of Ireland ' s regeneration was not far distant Mr . O'Connor then aliuiied to tho Kaform Bill , Trhich was net only blotted lut blooded by the Coercion Bill , and showed the manner in which ha had predicted that measure . The Chartists of England were now to bo tested ; he did not
like to fcay too much for other persons , but whtrn tho forthcoming address of the Irish nation to tho English people was issued , he pledged himself it would have such a response as every Irish heart would delight to hear . He would spend £ 2 U 0 of hia own money ia carrying that National Edict uuder his arm to every large town , in England , aye , and small ones should not be forgotten ; and it would meot such a reception as its weight deserved . It had always been the policy to divide the English and the Irish , that no simultaneous action might : take place ; but if once united the pigmy power of the , aristocracy would bu insignificant against them . A friend of his , Mr . Collins of Mallow , said at the meeting ' . &t Charltmlle , that the Bishopssaid , " be united ; " the Suffragists said , "be determined , " and the
people said , " we will have it" What forco could oppose this determination ? A cannon bail could not damage an opinion , nor a sabre cut down a ssutiment . Now they were united they would never again bead to faction , but p . ould stand firm in that liberty in which God had created them ; they would then deserve tho name of Irishmen , they would then be worthy « f their country . His countrymen must suppose him to be less than man and much less than an Irishman , if he bad not sighed f'jr the freedom of Ireland . If whtto looking to achieve liberty fovithe whole world , by aid of Chartist principles , his first thoughts had not been to his native land , it might be said why not keep to the Charter , why aot join the Repeal era ? It was to show the triumph , of mind , to show the advantages of union , to leave a reeord
to posterity , that for a nation to be free she has only to will it . If , as a party , the Chartists were not determined to oppose every body and support every good measure , even if the Repeal of . the Union { came fresh upon thorn as a May flower , still it wonld be their bounden duty to support it , for it was a contest of liberty against injustice , knowledge against unjust power , and religion against infidelity . Mr . O'Connor then went into the subject of thu injustice to Ireland of a state church , and also showed that the Repeal , unless accompanied by the Charter , would not abolish this ' and other eviia . Give to Ireland , said Mr . O'Connor , ajParliament of 300 men fairly « tected / by the . whole people , and instead of a slave land , Ireland would be a paradise fit for the residence of a noble
people . When that happy day should . arrive t 5 ie tear of joy would flow as rapidly down the cheek of age , as down that of the blooming maideu . There would not be an Irish heart that would not leap with joy to think that though botnj a slave , he was lifeely to die & free man . Was it to be endured that Prince Edward ' s Island , that Newfoundland , that Canada , and other countries should have ; a domestic legislature , while Ireland was deprived of it ? They were now giving a boon to Canada , bnt they had never given a boon to Ireland . Yes , they bad given her one ; like a careful nurse fearful a child should cut itself , takes away the knife , so had they behaved to Ireland ; fearful that , an old barrel should explode , or that in mistake they should put the wpgng end of the musket on their ahonlder , they kindly deprived
them of their arras . No man could be so foolish as to suppose that he was not putting a nail in his own coffin , that he should not bd punished , not ao much for what he had done , as for what he had promised to do ; but to the winds he flung all 6 uch paltry speculations . For what was mind given to man but to use it ? and words were givfn to express his feelings . H # would rather die a freeman than live . a slave . His country was too good and too great to be a colony ; her sons wera too noble to be slaves . Though he had opposed some of their leaders , yet during his nine years residence in England n 6 one had ever heard him utter a word against ihe Catholic Priesthoodr-Cshouts of " that ' s tru 9 . ' ) God forbid be should ever have said a ward to damase ihe influence t f those men to whom Ireland
must look j for counsel and aid in their day of struggle . Mr . 6 Connor then highly jeulogiasd the priesthood of his country , andj | gipressed his pleasure that tbey were convinced of the necessity of active operation . | He rejoiced that the Repeal had not been carried bsfore , while Ireland was infested with druukenuesa . He also rejoiced that the Charter | had not been attained at tbe time of the Reform Bill , The minds of the two nations were now prepared ;; the recruiting serj ^ aats knowle > ge and poverty , had well performed Vaeir duty . Mr O'Conner here alluded to the immense number of 'improvements lately invented , and enquired where wasitbe working man's share ? He also showed that disunion had been kept between the English and Irish by mutual jealousies and fears . Much of Pael ' s
confldencolay in the belief that the English people would tafee no part in the present struggle ; if they did not , they had no ears ; he had no tongue , and tliey had no voices . ' If be bad looked on apathetic they must have taken him for a poor vindictive politician , less than & man , and much less than an Irishman . Sues the agitation ( began in earnest , avery mornim ? , ere breakfast , he read every thing in the papers pertaining to the subject ; every sight , ere he went to rest , he prayed God to sbiild the patriots of his country . He suffered more here than if he wobob the sphere of action , fcut 8 taitbe news came w ith a freshness to his heart ttbich nought could destroy . When he received the news of ! how Peel ' s threat was received in the Irish camp , it gave him the siuceresfc joy . He lO'Gonnor ) was the first to tender the olive branch ; ill feelinga he had buried for ever . They must
take heed-to allow no personal or vindictive feelinga to creep into their counsels . ( Hear . ) If England was the mistress of the world * Ireland had been her cradle , ber nurse , arid protector . They loved the land of their birth ; they were determined to render her free ; yet fer these holy aspirations they were taunted with being rebels . T hat which , when successful , was patriotism , when defeated , was rebellion -. but they could not be defeated . | The fiat of the nation had gone forth ; she had risen from the tomb of apathy ; she had calculated lier own strength , and the power of her foe , and had coma to the determination that the land of \ the slave should become the land of liberty . ( Great cheering . ) Mr . O'Connor then announced tb ^ t he should write weekly articles in the English Chartist Cireularl en the Rt-ptal question , and sat down amidst tremendous applause .
Mr . fcHAw moved , and MivM'Ca . RTUY seconded , a vote of thanks t < i Mr . 0 "Cop ; : oj-. Mr . RiNGEiovK . u well fenown sne ? ¦ vensrable Repealer , iu an address of considerable length , eup-
Untitled Article
perted the motion , and highly eulogised the O'Connor family , promising ths meeting , at some future period , to explain to them the villarious manner in which tha Government had treated Mr . O'Connor ' s father and brother . The motion v ? a 8 v ;« atried amidst tremendous applause . 5 ; - « -v - $ ¦ £ ' ; # & ; Mr . 0 ' ( J $ 8 ? nor in ' repjjy ? stated , that words would be a poor return for the reception they had given him ; and , as actions spoke the mind , be tendered to the Chairman one sovereign as ijia first instalment to the rent —( tremendoas cheering , waving of hats , 4 c ) He wished to be enrolled as . one' of a corps of reserve on this side of the water , and toibe enrolled as a Repealer
in the nearest ward ; and if the sinews of warfare should fall , if 200 Repealers could be found to do the same , he would subscribe £ 5 per wesek until the measure was gained—( great applause )—this would bring £ 1 , 000 per week . It was but little usej clamouring : lat every Irishman give up his pot and his pipe until his country was free . He had uevor before jgiven aught to the cause ; bat be had given his money and hie sweat—which coined into money—to the Chartists of England ; but now he would preach fer jthem- ^ aa he prayed for them—with equal alacrity that he did , for his brother Chartists of E . igland . The Repeal of the Union was as much an English as an Irish jquestion . and would tend to push forward their own cause . He thanked God that he stood before a ' mixed audience of Irish and of
English united for one common object . He trusted the past would be buried in oblivion , and that on that night tbe 7 should seal , the contract of union between the two countries , and never rest till their liberties were achieved . ¦ _¦ : } Mr . O ( fpNNq $ othen -left the room , and was greeted with tbe ' greatest enthusiasm h' ^ ihis Irish brethren , who declared they would live andMie for him . Mr . Haynes having been loudly called for , briefly addressed the meetings expressing bis approval of Mr . O'Connor's discourse , and thought they should never forget the absent . He therefore proposed three cheers for O'Connell . ( Three hearty cbeera were given . ) He heard a few hisses . ( Shouts of " No . " ) He believed so , but it did bis heart good to hear them drowned in that terrifiqshout 6 f applause . f Mr . Clancy moved , and Mr . Wheeler seconded ,, a vote of thanks to the Chairman , who briefly replied , and the : meetine ; closed by cheers . / or the Charter and Ropbal , the Northern Slar , and the Nation ,
Untitled Article
HAMPDEN COMMEMORATION MONUMENT . ( From ihe Aylesbury Ncirs ) After the lapse of two centuries since the death cf John Hampden , a monument is about to be raised to bis . memory on Chalgrova-field » where he . one of the greatest men England ever produced , lost his life in defence of those liberties which were saved by the gallant struggles of the seventeenth century . Toe project of raising this memorial w < is suggested , we believe , some time ago , by Lord Nugent , and is now to bec 3 rried into iffecb by the zealous efforts cf hia ' Lordship , assisted by the Duke of Bedford , t ' he Marquis of Bredalbaue . the E ^ rl of Buckinst&mshire , Lords Brougham , Dsnman , Lovelace , Leigh , Fortescue , and some other gentlemen , who have joined in this testimony of their veneration for the memory of this grtat patriot .
The monument consists of a large block of Portland stone , sixteen feet high , surmounted by a Ceppo Cap , and resting on a massive plynth of the siiue material . It is raised where the Oxford and Wntliugtan road is crossed by the lane leading on one siriu to the village of Chalgrove , and on the other to Warpsgrcve farm-house . It was here that Prince Rupert , in his retreat towards Oxford , from the country round Poctcomb , Chinnor , and Lewfcnor , having repulse ^ the main body of the Parliament ' s ' troops under Gunter and Cros 3 , was encountered by Harapden , who led a party of horse to the attack from the direction of Warp < u : rove . It must have been very near this spot that H mipden received his death-wounds shot by some of tbe musketteers of the Prince , who lined the hedge which still encloses tbe south side of the lane .
On the side of the monument facing Warpegrove ia tb * medallion portrait of the patriot in bold relief ( in marble ) -by Secular ; on the opposite 8 id& are hu arms , on the third the names of the subscribers by whom the monument is raised , and on the fourth is the following inscription from tho pen of Lord Nugent —• " Here , in this field of Chalgrove , John Hampden , " After an able and strenuous , but unsuccessful resistance in Parliament and before the judges of tbe land to the measures of an-arbitrary court , first took . inns ; assembling the levies of the associated couutiea of Buckingham and Oxford , in 1642 .
. " And here , within a few paces of this spot , he received the wound of which he died while fighting in defence of the free monarchy and ancient liberties of England , June 18 th , 1 ( 543 . " In the two hundredth year from that day this stona was raised ia reverence to hisnitraory . " A grand dinner will be given on Monday , the 19 th of Jane , on Crialgrove-fleid , Lord Nugent in the chair , in commemoration of the 200 th anniversary of the fight . The company will assemble at nine o ' clock , when tha medallion portrait of Hampdsa will bs fixed iu its place on the monument , and the dinner will take place at three . A very numerous company ia expecccd .
Untitled Article
HARMON If HALL . LETTER XII . * ¦ % l TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —The subject of organiz i ng a society to act in entire unity is so little understood—bo much opposed by all the feelings and prejudices that have hitherto been generated among men—and so absolutely essential for any successful results , to be obtained , on a scale at all commensurate vjitb the present wants and dis tresses of "the people " , 'thatf I shall offer no apology to your readers for again reverting to the subject , but shall feel much obHged for the correction of any ideas I may put forth respecting it that may appear to them erroneoaa . - ' J I am the more induced to take this course , as I have during the past fortnight had to attend the sittings of the Congress of the Rational ! Socioty , and to deliberat e with . a body of men . chosen by election from the branche 8 ;; of that society ? -f : ; I haveTno hesitation in aayln * that the parties thus assembled were as intelligent , as conscientious , and 2 . 3
determined to act justly as any body of men that ever assembled ; and , being under the guidance of correct principles , there has been exhibited m » re unanimity and discernment of truth , with less personal or party consideration , than could be procured under any circumstances that have yet been formed for such a purpose . } It will , however , be manifest to any one who reads the report of the proceedings of the Congress , which ia
now beirjg published weeklylln the New iforcu World , that there have been occasionally decisions conio to , in consequence of the customjof voting being adopted , which are inconsistent with the general spirit , and would not have occurred , ] if the suggestive form of council bad been observed ' , and tach delezate bad calmly and camfully examined tke bearings of every question proposed , simply j with the view of laying before whichever might have been considered the superior mind such facts aia would have allowed the individual selected ( # ) ' $ tave digested all the information receivedj | n the m < j 8 t ; con 3 istenfc ; manner .
In speaking of : ^ hese decisions , however , I by no means do so in the- ; language of complaint ; tbey were arrived at after calm . and deliberate investigation , in accordance with those views an' 6 ? feelings , which for the time actuated the minds of the delegates ; and the resolutions adopted are as far in advance of the present opinions of the public generally , as it would be prudent for any associated body of taen to go . I have for sometime shown my individual acquiescence with the proceedings of tbe Rationalists ^ or Socialists , as they are more generally called , by ( having devoted myself in every manner to their cause > and I have again accepted the office of their General Secretary ; ao that any remarks I may make will be [ with the desire to forward their movement , it beineJ my conviction that the
changes we require must be made in entire accordance with the Bpiritof those principles , -which are the declared principles of the Rational system . This Association ,: then , jwfeich I propose should be formed for the reconstruction of society , I again reye 3 t , must he based on unity , and every operation must be carried forward in entire accordance with the feelings nnd convictions of senie one | sin ! gle mind , aided and supported by every on ^ . ' ° who J oins the Association , with every means in his ' p'owor . J The individual thus selected must have the largest and woat comprehensive ' grasp of intellect that the human mind has yet attaine ' d to , And he must jnn with this aJbnowledse of detail : Wmaient to prevent his counsel any atter that may
^ iving ^ vwong on m be submitted ta him . Ho musChave the mildness necessary te bear any reproach , however painful it may be to bis feelings , without exhibiting the slightest murmur or dissatisfaction ; and he must at the aamo time have the firmness requisite to meet and overcome any difficulty that may beset hts path . Ho must have self-confidence sufficient to believe that he h able to accomplish the great work he will be calle ' d on to undertake ; but this must be unaccompanied by tbe slightest conceit or personal vanity . He mu . it strongly desire the good opinion of every individual ' , to whatever class , sect , or party he may belong ; but be must never be tempted to act by the love of approbation .
Some of your readers will , I have no doubt , smile at these qualifications being Irequired of any individual ; but I would tell them they must be combined , and Accompanied by many others , before the true and entire redemption of man shall take place ; bnt , in the mean time , our duty as practical reformers will be to take care that we do not neglect the immediate resources at onr command , becau ^ cTwe have not everything that is necea 8 arg | & * oni ! itip 3 the wtiole work . Nofe ^ fy of men w ^ o hav e associated , in any age 01 country , have done so much for the progress of
humanity as those who have enUat 8 d under the principles promulgated by Robert Owetr- From the period of bis first declaration of the errors on which human society was bated to tho present , | a gradual , rapid , and geometrically progressive advance has taken place , until , without their being apparently at all conscious of doing bo , nearly every public waiter arid speaker assists in producing tbe conviction that the character of man is formed for him , and not by him ; that he has not the power to believe or disbelieve at bis pleasure , and that he cannet love or hate except in accordance with the
feelings and convictions that are made upon his mind , and therefore , that he can be in no manner responsible for his actions . These truths daily become bo apparent that it will be impossible ! for tbe Government long to resist their admission ; and , whenever this shall be the case , then may be introduced every practical measure necessary for the relief of man from vice , crime , and poverty , and every misery ^ that attends him . With regard to organisation , the Rationalists , notwithstanding the imperfections I h -. ve before alluded to , are , as a society , in ajdvance of aay other that haa eve * yet been formed ; and I say this , without seeking to disparage tiie efforts of our Cbartist or any other
ftieixds , fot-iK ^ wottiil that there were many superior to them _ j that % ey ; Unight be enabied to take examples by theWworkin ^ l In estimating tbts organization , however , lean , qnly speak of it as a theory | or abstraction : the vivi £ yin « power has not yet been given to it , nor can it be un ' . il those who bave associated shall become alive to the universal principles on wrlich they profess to act Then and not till then—will the riehts of man be respected ; and every individual will be prepared far more readily to sacrifice his exiatpnea than to do an injury to others , or to permit an iDjury to be done to any being in existence . 1
Respecting practical measures , the Rationalists have , aB I have efeawn | n tbe ( early portion of these letters , secured to themselves several of the elements for the envincTpation of their fellow men . They hava many hundred acres of land ; i ! be labonr market is entirely at their controul ; and tkeyj bave among their rank * many of the most skilful and intelligent of tbe operative classes of this country . jWbat they now chiefly require is that capital shall be provided in proportion to the other elements for the production of wealth , and they will then be enabled io progress with a rapidity that ehall astonish all raaks , classes , sects , an-d pwttes , and
convince them that they , have hitherto entirely mistaken , not o-ly what human nature really is , and the mannsr in which society can be best formed , but alao the means of simply helping themselves most abundantly to rich an ^ prec ) o . ns gifts , with which th ^ creati ^ l" p ^ wer of thf gnivs ^ B most liberally aurroftttda thefrv . iji | fb . 0 W 67 OT the ^ jperationa on the land , and the other means foi - producing ^ profitable rb&uV . s that will be joined with it , will allow of the payment of a liberal interest , there can be little *? oabt but ; capital will be supplied as feadil ? us the alter elements required for successful operation aa Boon as tke subject shall be clearly understood .
Much misconception haa existed , and still txhta , ¦ vritbs regard to tho views and objeota of the Founder 0 ? the R itional System , and with regard to the manner in v / hich he h ? s proceeded iu jv ; atio& to the ¦ wot % , \ rw classes , and I would oa ibis Mil j ) tt usd r < f » r your rfeacIsms to l : « 3 report of the pr .. r . ^ Jin ^ s of tbe Congress , and mo *? ( . specially ijo tb « lon ? cxaauaaUon . wlrieh
Untitled Article
took ptoce of ths Delegate for HarmoDy , Mr . Joshua Hill . This examination , entered into as it was by almost every member of Congress , with the view of eliciting the tru'h or falsehood of rumours which he had besrd in his own branch , or district , has tended , and will tend , to dispel an immense amount of errone ons impression , and will enable every person who read it , to contrast in his mind . the difference between a position in the old world and one in the rww . What , however , has hitherto be ^ n < ione is nothing when taken in relation with the object to be effected ; it bears in Tact only tha comparison 6 f a few drops to the waters of the ocean . L 6 t tfio public generaliy awaken to the truths of the rational eystem , and let some f ; w leading minds among them undertake the formation of such a society as I point out for tV . e tfivcting of the happiness they will lead to , and all miner and petty contentions will cease to ba heard among us .
Whenever this shall be the casa we shall have no more desire to exist among men , tbat thsy shall individually be thought much of for the little Service they can reader to tfeeir fellow-beings . EacJi one win cordially assist every other one , in discu * ing the truth in proportion as he acquires it , and each wi / 1 ardently contribute whatever lies in his power , either physically , mentally , morally , or pecuniary , to accomplish what all , will desire aa the only boon for which existence will be valuable . I am , Sir , Tour obedient servant , WlLLJAU QALPM : Harmony Hall , May 27 th , 1843 .
Untitled Article
The Repeal rent for the past week amounted to £ 709 I 83 .-6 d . Dudley and Leicester are likely soon to have vacancies in their representation . A Petition against Lord Dungannon ' s return for Durham will shortly be pves-inted to Parliament . The Cambridge Election Committee b ^ ve dcc-dtid that Mr . Jielly was duly e ! cc * cd member for : hat borough , although one ciso 01 bribery to tha amount of £ 13 la 9 d . was fully proved . The Marq' / is oe B ^ eado-bane . —It ia rumoured . that the noble Vlarqui * , who has signified his adr . esion to the " Nsw Secession , " has resolved to maKe a contribution of £ 10 , 000 to its funds . The Tuam Herald states tha-S the result of a day ' d labour of a collector of poor rates , iu she Ba 11 inask > o Union , backed by ono hundred policemen , last week , was 119 i .
Tub French ' papara state that a vessel laden with negroes , under English coiours , and baand for J imaica , had b * en captured by the French brii < , the Vigre , off Goree . There are no slaves in Jamaica , so that those negroes cannot have been intended for slaves . The Editor of the Iowa Reporter wishes 5 , 000 young women to emigrate to that territory , and he piedges himself to marry them all . The total numbkb of grammar-schools in England and Wales is about 450 . ef which no fewer than 150 were founded iu tho 16 th century , out of the spoils of religious houses destroyed during the Reiormalion .
Hamilton Gibbet Post . —This obnox ? oas object was hewn donrn last Sunday afternoon , in the most mysterious manner . Tao parties who have rid tho county of so disgu 3 tiug an objeot are at present unkuewn . —Lincoln Mercury , Gbeen Hams . —On Friday an order was received in this town from tha Commissioners of Customs , which reverses previous decisions , under which green hams imported in pickle have been , till now . charged only as pork . It is now decided that " all lt ^ s of pork thoroughly cured and imported in a state fit for- < drying and raaking hams . " are chargeable with ihd duty on hams ; which is 145 . if foreign , and 3 s . 6 d ., if colonjai , instead of 8 s ., and 2 i . per cwt . ; so that this last d-ci- 'iou makes a material dtff-jreucs to importers . —Liverpool
Times-At a meeting of the State 3 held in tha island of Gaernsfty ^ ' last week , the following , - among many other subjects , was proposed for consideration , viz ., '" Whether there shall be granted the sitmof £ 70 par annum for the destruction of spoi . rowj for two years . " After a grave and lengthened diacuisio ¦• , the proposition was rejected by a majority of 17 to 12 . Pleasant Prospect for an Amiable Lady . — We fiad in the columns of a contemporary thd following very modest announcement , which might be classed under the head ' singular , if tr-ia !"—* ' Matrimony . —A gentleman , just arrived in England iu rather delicate health , bus wh" > had au ^ dependent fortane , which will die with him , uula'w he has aa heir , wishes to lead to the altar a yoang lidy . Sha must be of a respectable family and amiable deposition . "
Tn Consequence of tho farmers in tin parish of Cavendish , in this county , having reduced tho wagej of their agricultural labourers from 8 s a week to 7 a , we uaderitand upwards of 200 have refu ? ed asjain to proceed to work urtU their usual wages am pai'J . The farmers in the parish are suffering great inc > nv « niehce from this state of affairs . —Bury and Suffolk Herald . Nicety at the Gallows . — There existei soma curions old customs in Abbeville : a mm , con bnned tobehun g * might be saved if a woman offered , of her own accord , to marry him . This pi jco ot good fortune happened ? o a robber at Hauiviiiiers ia 1400 ; but the girl was lame , and he actually refused , saying to tho hangman , " Alle oloquo , j ; nVn ve-ux mia ; attaqn' me 1 "— " She limps , I do no-: a : all like her for a wife ; tie me up !"
Caption . —At a coroner ' s inquest , recently neld in the neighbourhood oi Euston-square , it w : 1 A . &si in evidence by a gentleman o ? the London College of Surgeons , that the deceased , with whom he wzs intimato , was in the habit of taking lar ^ e do * e 3 of morphia , to ' deaden the pain 3 of the gout , wli ' a waich he was afflicted . This produced a melaucho ' . y depression of spirits , and terminated thus fatally a most useful life- —It is difficult to account for the tendency that many well-informed mind * havo to seek refuge in the use of temporary aad dangerous palliatives , whea more happy results , cau be proenred by efficient modern chemical discov-Ties . In this , aa in numerous other teases , had t ' uo snffarer only known of that wibll-tested rjemady . B .-iir ' s dous and Rheumatic Pill * , his friends would no ; have to deplore his loss . - * • t
Immobtalitt . — "Competitors for fame have struggled and played their parts upon the «' . !„' . > 1 f human life , each with one grand object in view , arA to that objscjifjthe aoms of their desire ? , they a " pushed upwards aud onwards . True ' immsnality , ho . wever , is attainable only by proper means ; nub ility and benevolence aro " ihe path . Tho naodcit and unassuming aspirant comts not tho Bmiies of diju , but , like th . o vecerablo Parr , moves steadily on . h ; n . - > y ra tbe oonviction that hi ? bumbk labour will on ? be darj appreciate 1 , and am Piously ir . 'em m lv . vin .-: o- 'uint a legacy tyV-h . ph . aij be a blessing 10 t / na « f rhou saud ? v "
Untitled Article
——— _ - __ THE NORTHERN STAR . i 7
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), June 3, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1215/page/7/
-