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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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PABAIHSE WITHIN THE BEACH OF ALL MEN , ^ ITHOFT XABOFB , BY POWERS OF NATURE AND MACHINERY . XXTXEB . T . TO THB EDITOB OJ TB £ XOB . THS&K STAB . ¦ jjsXB . Sib . —Sinoe my last letter I have received jKirs from America , -which inform me th » t the first jrricnltoral machines trpon Enier * plana , frhich are conHtmeted Mder his direction , at a Colony called "the paace Umon , ' * in WarrenOoun ^ r , state of Pennsylvania , ^ almost completed , and that Mr . 3 £ ? z 2 er , as -veil as ^ 3 the Goionists , a * e entirely satisfied -with them . Mr . &Z er intends to embark for England as soon as these jjj ^ jjjaes bare been put in operation , -which -will be the ease during this month ; bo that he win arrive . here -rig } Hie / ad that ins theory is practicable .
Ttie " Ptace "Do * " *» » colony or society upon the principles of joint stock association . Itis composed of { grsiexz , mechanics , & > v , of different pecuniary means . « Ehe leading ieatnra of this soc i ety is * religions feeling , Ttjcb animates all the members for the achievement of universal peace , and for the making cat of a millenjjom . As they believe that peace and good -will aniong men csnnot he Attained so long as slavery of ¦ jork exists , they bare examined carefully the proposigoas of ilr . £ tz 5 er , as laid down in his " Paradise" and w ijechanical System , * ' and invited him to their colony , to saperintend the conatruclion of machines { or clearing jsnd , ploughing , sowing , sawing wood , &c Mr . Bizler uriTid -at the colony towards the end of May last The colony possesses nine thousand nine hundred and twenty-nine acres of land , in a very good and healthy district , near the Allegheny river and the lake Erie ; they have a considerable-water power for mills and for driving various machines , and command sufficient capital for theii purposes .
I see -with pleasure that your friends and . the pnblic in general are now more inclined to scientific propositions for the amelioration of the condition of mankind , and thai joany things are now believed -which formerly -were pronounced impracticable . I therefore think it in time before I go further ia explanation of the sutjact of my letters to subjjin an address of Mr . E ^ . er , -which also contains an outline of the machinery for agricultural purposes : — Address ie all people tcho desire lo free ihemttZva from tea s * , fear of want , and Sbxoery , for ever . If yon desire to be free from want and slavery you sust no longer be slaves to old notions and old things , ¦ jrhicb have been your vrorst tyrants , and made you ¦ what you are ; but an-use your minds and feelings to sew conceptions and sew things , -which are now in jtore for yon , to make an end at once of all your -wants , tear of want , and slavery , for evar .
If yon close your eyes and ears against new truths , si the general custom has hitherto been , yon will have to contiBUS for an indefinite time in your struggles and Eofidrincs , and your doom win not be pitied hereafter ; becattsjf stubborn adhesion to foolish customs , that but perpetuate misery and injustice on all siaes , is but an abomination to -well constituted minds . Ton need neither your government , nor this , nor fiat , or any particular circumstances wliich you may at present desire and discuss , for the liberation from your ( Jiitreu and -want , and fear of -want . Neither the one sot the other of any peculiar change of your present circumstances , will ever give any relief , except at best a mere temporary one of small account . To expatiate on fhig truth is not the object sf this address . A much better one is is view , as you wUl see . You must and ean belD yourselves ; and mneh more gloriously than aU
your wise and mfgety men eoold or vroula hitherto do for you . If you wish , to know how—examine carefully-• what is offered to you . Tour land resounds every ¦ where with the cry of distress * f millions . Yet your land is notislf cultivated . The uncultivated parts of tfca colonies of your nation 4 ef all varieties of climates ) could satisfy the irants of mote th&n ooe hundred times fee whole British population , myriads of vessels of your nation cross the ocean ; skilful mechanics you bsve in abundance among you , -willing to -work and granting employment ; mechanical powers exist in nature , every where in superabnndance , that will not cost yon anything to -drive ali your machines , not merely to manufacture articles of trade , but to cultivate Ha toil . Three or four men are sufficient to cultivate ten to tsrenty thousand acres -with one machine , and a capital not exceeding five shillings per acre .
These are the things yon have to lock to . Arouse your minds , den , froxi the low state of craving from yonr task misters work or alms ; -from the narrow vie-ws of locality , and the petty concerns of the moment ; from the asking a little more "wages for your work ; from the trifling relief , any alteration of laws conld possibly afford yon under present circumstances ; from the comparatively insignificant political or personal contests , to thB vast lieh resources of your eonntry . of the -world at large , of natures that are ¦ within your reach : expand yvur minds freely to the consideration of the new things presented to jou here , and you will discover that you all tan live henceforward independent , and educate your children to become independent in means and mind , In the true signification of the "words .
Do you , does any of you suppose , this announcement to be but a mere fancy ? Shame be on him who neglects or refuses , from prejudice , a careful examination of this great truth ; he cammits the deepest -wrongs igasnst himself , against his suffering family , against community . Youjare offered proof * of facis of experience ; you are defied to find error or defect in ihs proofs here spoken of . Come then and see , examine for yourselves , every one ; the things are open for pnblic exsTcinstion ; appoint a committee in yenr meetings to examine * nd report the results of their examination to 5 on . Simple is the matter and within the comprehension and experience of « very one . No apology is left to you lor neglect of tkii great paramount new cause of humanity .
TThat , cry for the means of living , cry of distress , camplzin of "wants , and of not being allo *« d to labour for a pour pittance of the necessaries of yourli / e . and sSQ shut yonr eyea and ears to snch glorious offers of means to produce superabundance of all your necessarifcs sad real comforts for ever , -without slavery of work ? What shall , what "will tie world , your own children ssy of you , -wh ; n they read the record of thie hereafter ? I » it because tke things here announced are so Bevel sod so-extraordinary thai you do rot wish to examine then ? Is it because ycur master and schoolmaster have SB been so perfectly wise that they knew and tandit Jon all that could be known and found in the -world ; Jhat nothing good cf importance is left to discover for mr generation j that yon believe you do -srisely not to cus aoy thing abont new inventions ; that you an £ all
the world has Boibfcg better to < lo tba to blot on in tbs old wsy , like ynimWin harnessed to a cart , ¦ without looking eitiiEr to tie right or to toe left ? There are -p&ipis among you "who manifest , by their -words and actions , when occasions x « cur , io think so . Pot God ' s fiie , for your own , and yonr families , and humimty ' a , ihsBir them ont of this beastly torpitude , and do not - coastenacce them in any way ; it -will dezrsde you to Its inferior scale of creatures . Machines bave been the enanies lo some classes ef labourers , depriving them of ifce unenviable chance of labouring for tbeir living . Mstinaes are-hereafltr to be your best friends and slaves , requiring neither food nor -wages , ori-ren by nrrhty powers , day and night peTpetuslly , to maiB yoiu .. and a-paisdise of abundance Tor yon , not merely for your more fortunate fellow beings .
Yon have to form { yourselves ) joint stock compaEJc 3 , " * ish shares of one pound sterling , payable in cash by those who are able to do so j and who Isjbo destitute as Bot to be able to raise one pound when lie cs ~ i && ¦?* Mioself and family for ever from all "want , ftar of want , tod ElaTery of "work ? If there are such paupers able to aaie themselves useful in any wise to the company , aliow them to -work for their share at a reasonable rate , and being pro-rided wita taeir necessaries during -work . Ii paupers unable to ^» oik , -why . surely , they xre tfctn &s * ell as now objects cf public charity , &Ed lt-ws wilt la ^ e to provide for them if yon do not or cannot amongst yourselves at present . Ten thousand acres of common land can produce enough for five thousand inamdnals , ana psy fee rt-cts cr shares of the crops as the contract may be to the
Isadlord . Pijur thousand shares , at one pound eaeh , wSU-JufSea lor lie machinery , acd tor the Attendance of men ccring the first year . Yon have then to rent Isjjob on : tbs best terms yon can obtain . Those who prefer to > enigT * $ e may obtain land in abundance , as property , iar nothing , and cultivate it with the same means . ] These are the means required of yon ; are you still to I » j they are not within your immediate reach ? To be * nrs you are then to Trait until the next crops . But this is mJj the ease for once in thB first y ear j and ever here- j after joe are safe from want Could it then be anything j JesDy difficult to obtain , as loan , on such good : pwepects and security , in cue of necessity of somej ssaong jcu , what any may -want necessarily for his , Jnftecance in ths intermediate time , to be repaid from j his ibare in the crop * ? !
C-sald a large society like this not make * ome ¦ ^^^^ SMaaits to p revent thair members from nfferisii ; oiuDdae uturyS Your own miaOs vriJl essDy sugfesi ] fflea n * faraachatemp ^ aryTelJef ; and if not , apply to tts agincj ol the -writer of this and be -will suggest you ; ¦ ways ana means a » itmaj suit to particular situations , j ^ fcat glorious tiaes are then awaiting you ; four men ) mpply the wants of lour thousand 11 Abundance fills * the land , joys , nkanires of all innocent kinds ; leisure , ana with tt , time and means for better information than Jon now eaa possess Ca « ering times , and still moTsj glonons time , for your posterity will be the necessary coa&rq-encei .- A ^ ay q ^ ^^ ^^^ g ^ fe , angry ; P&at oia , feai « £ g ^ Bs ational , enquire , and you ¦ wuibehsppji . j A complete description of machinery , * e- , eaonot be ] !>¦»« in this address , whiehis only to invite yon to the ! exan « iaaon of the matter , Bui ft brief sketch m » y t serve here a * a general outline of the plan in questionj
, A - waier . -wheel { or steam engine at the beginning )» dnvts , by two chains and two ropes at peculiar arrange- ' niEBis , a kmd of vrasgon all around , in direction of the pdde , to T » ithin ttis distance of half to one male ; > coltivaeng , thus , five hundred to two thousand acres i by drawing » number of ploughs alongside of eaeh j other , natead of so many norsea , that-would bexEguired . I Tee usual mode of harrowing and mowing the crops ttay be done by ftfiiame means ; beades othsr -works too many to be enumerated here . When tiie vrork of ««« tract is finlahfid , another similar one with a water-, . " keel at its centre is Ekewiie tobe tilled and « o forth j
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from place to place . Thi * work requires nevermore than touching one labourer at a time , to perform the easy task of now sad then gome parts of the machine for directing it , . -while he may sit on it The werk may be day and sight , and , for this purpose three men , each eight hours are allowed , and ose man in reserve for occasional employment . Wherever there is do water power , a windwheel , consisting ot a pole , a cross with fear sails , two smaU log-wheels and fixtures , may effect , fora time , the operation- The same locomotive may form a reservoir on some elevated place near the windmill , and this be filled with water from an adjacent water ( a river , creek , run , pond , or well ) by the same windmill , and as many more 'windmills around it as may be required . Hence a waterfall is to drive a water-wheel to perform all the agricultural , manufacture ] , and mill work . Hence the water may run back to the same place from ¦ whence it -was taken , to be raised again by the ¦ windmill into the reservoir , to perform the same operation again : and so on in a circulation .
The object ot this combination , is to convert vrind power , -which is irregular and laterrupted , into -water power , -which is uniform and perpetual , and may be created thus of any amount wanted any where . For ¦ water , when once raised into a reservoir , may be conducted through canals , oi tubes , to distances of miles , to fall thence on other -water-wheels , where and when wanted . This system , once created , affords a perpetual po-wer of anyumount -wanted ; one or more reservoirs of a few acres , and one locomotive machine for twenty thonsand acres , one watervwheel for each tract of two
thousand acres , and four men , besides power for all other mechanical purposes desired . Are yon at a loss to imagine how such Email means can effect so much ? Suppose the locomotive machine spoken of to draw a row of ploughs , &c , of one rod , moving at the rate of two miles per hour ; it "win then tfll in one hour four acres , in twenty four hours ninety b 5 x , or abeut one hundred acres , in one hundred days of the year ( spring and Ml ) ten thousand acres . If the same be two rods ( which may easily be the case , for there is no lack of pover ) the result will be twice as much , or twenty thousand acres .
If the land is merely rented , and the tenants furnish the machinery , and all other requisites , the rent , of course , must be for a number of years . Thus the poor may be made truly happy and free from slavery , and the curse cf poverty , namely ignorance and low habits , 8 . n 4 the middle and rich classes may be made , in an honest way , richer than any of tbeir presemt business can effect ; the intelligent and governing portion « f mankind may use these means to their greatest glory . No strife , no opposition , no violence ean there be any more called into action , except by people sot right in their senses . Once the example set ; this system cansot fail to spread from land to land all over the inhabitable world . The means of living well will become more and more plenty , abundance universally , and ' ultimately as plenty and cheap as water , requiring no labour , neither of man nor beast ; even the transport- of men and things , by land and water , win be effected by the same system . 1 am , Sir , your obedient servant , G . F . STOLL 5 IB 7 EB . No . 3 , Northampton Terrace , City Road , London , Aug . 26 , 1843 .
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^> TO THB CHARTISTS OF KOTTIN ^ HAM AND SOUTH DERBY . BB . 0 THES DEMOCRATS—On Monday , Aug . 28 * . h , I ¦ proceeded from Nottingham to Mansfield , a distance of four -ten miits : it rained much during my walk , and of coutsc 1 sot pretty weU drenched . When 1 arrived in the tewn . I f : > und that every arrangement that could be made ¦ vraa made , iu order to ensure a sood meeting . The nifeetiiij ; -was to be held in the large School Koooi belonging to the Rev . William Linwoo ^ , Unitarian Minister , who had kindly promised -o act as Chairman . At eight o ' clock thf room was well filled with the Bons bb 3 < Uugfc . t « TB of industry .
On the mct 5 on of Mr . Thomas Hibberd , a very active and honest Chartist , Mr . Linwood was unanimously elected to the chair , who opened the business in a brief but appropriate speech , after which I addressed the persons present for nearly two honrs , upon the present position and future prospects ot Chartism . Mr . Lin--wood made some very excellent observations upon the necessity of a union of htart and soul amoncst the people , for the purpose of establishing the great principles * f the People ' s Charter as the Jatr of the land . He stated distinctly that he "ivaa an advocate for every point contained in that document , and th * t be would , to the bett of his ability , agitate for it until it was ma--5 e part and parcel of the Constitution . Ah 1 my frieeds . if every minister of the gospel would act as the above-named gentleman , we "would toon realise all cur most sanguine expectations ; and peace , brotherly love , physical and social comfort , would be the Jot of tie "whole people .
Mansfield has a population of 10 000 , and the principal business rf the inhabitants ] I mean the working portion ) , is frsme- - work knitting . The people of Mansfi * ld have privileges , if I may be allowed to use the term , which are , not enjoyed in other towns—namely , th » t of taking an acre or iwo of land on the foresi . commonly ca ! led Mansfield Forest , at the rate of four shillings per acre a-year—they may either grow corn or potatoes , or in fact anything they like . The land is eopyboJd land , and belongs to the parish of Mansfield . Some of the land has been found to be very productive when properly cultivated ; for initance , one acre has been known to yield six quarters of ¦ wheat Upon this subject allow me to inform yon that in Arnold and lambley , where ~ i-l ) ave been , a great portion of the people have mall sllotmeatB , and , O ! what happy results have followed to them from it being in their possession . A person with wfeom 2 took supp e in Lsmbley , had but one rood , oce half he set with potatoes the other "with wheat ; that half v ; hish he
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set "with potatoes produced seventeen sacks at ten pecks per sack ; making in the "Whole 170 pecks , or 3 , 4001 bs . There are four roods to an acre , consequently one acre would produce 27 . 300 pounds of potatoes . The half rood set with wheat produced three strikes , or 14 stones , therefore one acre "would produce 112 stones of wheat . The people , or a portion of them , took thirty acres of land , and laid it ont in small allotments of about a rood for each person , from which they produce excellent crops in consequence of their using the spade to cultivate it . Now if the people in Arnold and Lambley already feel the good effects of tbeir having such a small portion of land , viz , a rood each ; if one man can nave a winter's , yea . and a summer's store too , of potatoes from half a rood of land , as well as nearly having a sufficient quantity ctjtour for the winter months , from the other , what would he do if he had four acres ?—sixteen times at much .
On Tuesday night , 29 th nit , I delivered a lecture to the good fellows of Sotton , in the opea air , Mr . Meakin in the chair , a young man of great promise , and a very active member of the Association . After a few observations in reference to the object for which the meeting was called , he introduced yeur hamble servant . My subject was similar to the one of the previous meeting in Mansfield , and I Asture you I never saw a finer spirit of enthusiasm exhibited . Toe people of Sufcton are remarkable for their love of liberty ; the truth is the great majority are Chartists , and it only needs ft good and > iudent system of agitation and an Efficient plan of Organization to unite them in ono holy bond of brotherhood . There is a population of about 6 000 in Sutton , and the staple trade is ; frame work-knitting ; but the people are very poor indeed , tbeir wages being very low .
On Wednesday night , August 30 th , I lectured on Bulwell Green . A working man from Basford acted as chairman ; and certainly a very intelligent one , and , above all , a very upright member of the Chartist cause . I addressed the people for an hour , and endeavoured to rouse them to a sense of tbeir duty ; for I am sorry to say th « people of Bulweli' have been very supine and indifferent to their interests . Taere is no Association in Bulweli ; but the few active men that are in the town are determined to do their best to rally the people , in order that they may be enabled to form one . The principal trade of Bulweli is glove making ; but I ana grieved to state it is in a very depressed condition , an J has been all the summer . The consequence is , the people are in a most wretched and deplorable situation —stores of the poor men , their wives , and children , are absolutely fanilshinr for the want of food .
On Thursday I proceeded te Ilkestone , where I found a few sterling patriots , via ., Messrs . FoBter , Latbbury , Beealey , and Shaw , whose hearts are "wedded to the sacred cause of justice . They received me with every mark of esteem and affection . The meeting was held in the market-place—the first they had since the strike —and certainly it went * ff beyond my most sanguine expectations for numbers . Mr . Shaw was elected to the chair , and opened tke business in a neat but short speech- I addressed the people for an hour and a quarter upon the alarming state of the country , wherein 1 showed , or attempted to show , the cause of the wide-spread misery and destitution which unhappily prevailed throughout the length and breadth of the land , and exhorted them to join in one impenetrable phalanx , and , by tbeir unit ; of purpose , destroy the monster , class legislation , which was the primary cause of all the evils , physical and social , which had for a series of years affl'Cted them .
On Sunday , the 3 rd inst , I delivered tw © lectnres in tho Market Piace , Derby ; one in the morning , at half-past ten o ' clock . Daring the time I was speaking , I was frequently interrupted by a drunken vagabond , the tool of other parties , for the purpose of creating a disturbance , or a breach of the peace , bo that the authorities might have a pretext for stopping the meeting , and making me responsible ; but they were deceived , for the moment I found what was the object of the parties , I told the people to go home , and come
in the evening ; and , if the same person came again , steps would be taken to prevent hi * annoying them . Accordingly , the people assembled at Bix o ' clock , in large numbers , but the wretch did not make his appearanse , through fear , or some other motive . Probably he was not well supplied with ale . However , we bad a very peaceable and well-conducted meeting * and everything ended very satisfactorily . Brother Democrats , I remain your Servant and Fellow Worker in the Yiceyard of Chartism . Chbistophek Doyle . Derby , Monday , Sept 4 , 1843 .
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IRELAND . Eepeal in the Wobkhotjsks . —The agitation progresses at railroad speed in the second-class normal schools . The proceeding ! of the Scariff Board of Guardians are thus . reported in the Limerick Chronicle : — " At a meeting of the guardians ef the Scariff Union on Tuesday , Mr . Simon George Purdon , D L ., presiding , Mr . John P . Molony , of Grag , brought furward a resolution to petition for Repeal of the Union . It was opposed by the chairman and Mveral other guardians , but on a division the motion was carried , amidst great
uproar , by fourteen to eleven . Mr . Mclony , the proposer , Is a magistrate oftbe connty of Clare . Mr . Pardon after the division resigned bis seat as chairman of the Board in future ; Mr . George O'Callayhan , vice chairman , did the same . All the surrounding bills were illuminated last night on its being known that the resolution was carried by the frit as-coated guardians . It is remarkable and worthy of praise that Mr . Matthew Reddan , one of the Gnardians , though friendly to Repeal , opposed its discussion as improper in an assembly constituted for charitable purposes , and voted in the minority . "
The Army and the kepealebs . —The following occurrence is slated by a Gal way Repeal paper to have taken place at Loughrea between a party of the 6 th Fusiliers and the peasantry . " The company of the 6 ih Regiment , iFuwleers . ) which has been atitloned here some time back , were this morrjlDg , on tbei / march to DnbJin , played by oar Temperance Band , and escorted by a very large concourse of the townspeople from their barrack-gate to the turn of the road leading to Knuckbonrn . The band ployed out of town to the tunes of the " British Grenariiers , ' G-irray Owen , '' &o . On arriving at Knuckbourn both paries baited , and tbe
entire company took off their caps and gave three cheers long and loud , and one cheer more for tbe people , and , of csurse , their cause . This is , and ought to be , to our rulers another convincirn ^ proof , that although our brave troopB may be made the instruments of a despot in the subjugation of another eonntry , it is very difficult to say what their conduct would be with regard to the enslavement of theirs and our own . The soldiers halted on the road for about ten minutes , while the band played the national anthem , and " Patrick's Dsy , " and again took off their caps , and cave thrte cheers more for tbe people , and the good fellowship that subsisted between them since tfeeir arrival in Lougbrea . "
The Last Ministerial Appointment . The Tories have appointed Mr . John Ho ^ lt-y . Q luei-. ' s Counsel , and chairman of the Nurth Riding of l'ipp * -raiy , to the Sergeantcy vacaDt by the elevation of Mr K- ^ itinge to the Ju (? Re&hip of the Pierocstive Court . The appointment has given very great offence , and has conciliated no party . Effects of the Akms' Bill —The followine paragraph , which appears in the Walerfoixl Chronic ' e . suggests a new method cf raising tba wind , and cabinet be too stroDely reconmended t « the notice cf such Repealers as may be low in cash , although stronc in " arms . ' The hint is decidedly useful : — "A highly respectable citizsn , hitherto considtrcd of ul'ra-C msbrvative principles , has within the l ^ st few daya siVfn in
his adhtiion to the cause of repeal , in a reanntir which claims tbe tribute of a special notice , having subscribed to tbe funds of tbe Repeal Association a brass barrelled blunderbuss a c « e of pistols , acd a capital fowling-piece , * which be directs to be sold , and the proceeds to be placed to his credit in the National Excfeeqnsr . It may be asked , why oid ' nt tljis trentJeiuan subscribe cash 7 The answer is obvious . Because be wished by this mode of procedure to hi ark his abhorience of tbs slave-branding act . His K-ehnga revolted at tbe idea of submitting to the ' tyrant ' s stamp . ' and therefore has he delivered up his ' arma , ' jet nbtarcighed , for the good of his country . At prt-s ^ nt we are no ; authorised to give the name of our hieb . epirited fcllo ^ -ch Z ; n , as the particulars will transpire in a day or two . "
The Muhdeb of Lord Nokbbry . —Tbe Westmealh Guardian gives some aadniunul particulars repptc ' . ing tbe arrest of D ^ lan , who stands cli : ^ r « ed with the murder of tha late Eirl of Noibw s : — Puter Dolan lived prior to the fiendish act with a f-anily named Malony . on the ertate of Durrow , very near tho residence of the lata laraeDted nobleman . It is a notorions fact that there was not a more distressed parish in the King ' s County than D ' arro-w prior to Lord Norburj becoming a resident ; his wbole stuuy w » s to promots the comfort and happiness of hia tenantry , nnd it is a well known fact that under his fostering hand they did become comfortable « nd independant , but ure since falling back to their original poverty . We codjd say more relativg to the plot and plan of tbis atrocious murder , but as tbe prisoBer twho , we have been informed , in a great degree Bcknowlerfgeb bib guilt ) must stand before a judge and jury of his counfry for his life , we do net wish to eo further . "
Attempt to Shoot . —Wa were nearly having another murder in Tipperary this week . Another human life has narrowly eacRped being offered up as a sacrifice at the unhallowed shrine of agrarian conspiracy . A man » am * d John Dadley was fired at on tbe lands of Killea , some short distance fr » m Borrieofcane . and had two pellets lodged intbe region ef the hip . It being ten o ' clock at night and dark , the intended murderer escaped without being subject to observation , so as to lead to identification hereafter . Dndley was acting as a watch upon the lands of Killea , from which place a man named DoEoboe had been recently ejected . He was accompanied at the time by hia brother and another man , Dr . Stoney , of Borrisokane . is of opinion that Dudley ' s life ia not in danger . —Leinster Express .
Attempt to Assassinate . —On Sunday evening last , as Mr- Kennedy , of Ballycumber , was proceeding from bis residence to his farm , in Billinahown , accompanied by his daughter , he was fired at by assassins who were concealed in a grove at Daon , but fortunately their shot did not take tff . ct It occurred about eight o ' clock in the evening . Two men were arrested on the same night , on Eurpicion , inBal inahown , one cf whom was tried at the last Sprins Asdzts for firing at the
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renter of an orchard . An . investigation took place the SS ^ if ' Mr < Money Xowther and Captain ffi *; , ¦ fOT want «« "ufflcient evidence the sus-^ n ^ ^ W < £ ^ "ta ^ JFfc&wia Guardian . K BANDJSH ^ - On Sunday night last this town was * rS ^ £ ^ ^ thB Pe » oe'al inhabitants mnch alarmed by a fight bet vesn two bodies of the peasantry Ttey were dispersed with some difficulty by the poice . We have heard that the cause of quarrel was jr o « m < S ° 0 UOty ribbou dele « ates . —SKjw Brutal Attempt at Assassination .-Iq the district of BaJlinamuck , in the north of thiscountj , which haa enjoyed peace aad quiet for nearly the last two yews , an outrage of a g-osser nature than any which heretofore stained its character has , been perpetrated
within Ihe present week , Inasmuch as the victim sought was an unoffending woman , whose sex , at feast , might have protected lier from the assassin ' s hand . The particulars , as we have been abl « to learn them , and for the correctness of which weeaa vouch , are asfollows ; -On Tnesday evemng lMt , about nine o ' clock , as Mrs . ??? £ , « i , . . 08 eph Soott « otFatdromin , near Ballinamuck , wns In the act of straining up some milt in a room ia one end of her house , some ruffian , who wasi lying m wait outside , fired in through the window with a musket , it is supposed , which was heavily loaded a * . w * shot ' ? Iod « ed a part of : tbe shot in Mra . Soott 8 lefVBboulde * and breast , and the remainder in the wall matopposite , and immediately iover where a fine child of hera , three years' old , was in bed . We are to leorn that
happy , although the wound is a very severe one , still it is not likely to prove fatal , bat Mrs . Scott is at present confined to her bed from its effects . On the ousrage being reported at the polioe-barraefc . which is not hajf a mile from the house , a mounted man was despatched into this town , and immediately after his arrival Surgeon Ellis proceeded to the place , and rendered every assistance whioli his professional skill could suggest . Dr . Moatyn , of the 27 th Depot , at present stationed here , and who happened to be in tbat neighbourhood on Thursday , kindly called to see her also , wben he heard of the circumstances , and both gentlemen have good hopes of her recovery . Joseph Scott , the husband , holds about 16 acres of Jand . He baa been living there for the last ten years . They are
a quiet , induBtrlous couple , and their place exhibits a specimen of neatness rarely to be found in that neighbourhood . Mrs . Scott ia tha mother of four caildteu , the youngest about four months old . No trace of the villain who fired the shot has yet been found , nor can any reason te assigned for the perpetration of tbe outrage , as Scott ia an exceedingly quiet and inoffensive man . and a good neighbour , Bave the express determination , which there is not the slightest hesitation in expressing by tHe Bepealera there , that no Protestant will be allowed to remain on . Lord Lorton ' 8 estate at Baiiinamuck , a deteruiation which we are sure hi 3 Lordship will take steps to counteract , and which we hope to see adopted at no very distant day . —Longford Journal . : ¦
Afvghans in TipPERABY . —The town of Tipperary was in great commotion last Wednesday evening , a report having Bpread that an Affgaaniatau chief and his wife were to arrive , Borne aaid Akbbar Kdan . Numbers of persons assembled , and about 8 o ' clock a one-horse carriage wasobserved approaching , in which was seated the chief and his lady , dressed in full costume , and certainly nothing more beautiful and lively could be imagined . In one minute the town was illuminated , and persons of all classes rush d into the streets . The demeanour of the chief and lady was most courteous , but as they , unfortunately , eoulil speak no language but
their own , It was impossible to carry on any communication but by signs ; they signified that they had travelled an immense way , and ware obliged to land on the west coast of Ireland—they are on tbeir way to see the Queen ! After satisfying every inquiry that was made , as far as they could , the chief and his lady drove out of town , and if we are informed correctly , found a warm and hospitable welcome at S—a . They left this morning on their visit to London . We have not bees able to ascertain the chiefs name , but it is not Akhbar Khan ; the dress of himself and lady was beautiful , and quite in character . —Limerick Chronicle .
Repeal Association . —At the weekly meeting of this body , on Monday , no particular business was transacted . Tbe Repeal rent was announced to be £ 1097 6 s . 8 d . , Dublin , Aug . 31 . —Abandonment of the Contemplated Prote 8 Tant Meeting . —rThe noblemen ftuct gentlemen engaged in the conduct of the Belfast Protestant meeting have come to the resolution of foregoing the demonstration faxed for tho Tth of Sept . stating as their reason , " lest the Protestants of Ulster ahould be charged by their enomiYs , however unjustly , as tljyB « auw of continuing political agitation . "
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DARING ROBBERY , AND AN ATTEMPT TO MURDER THREE PERSONS . BRISTOL , SEPT . I . —A strong feeling was excited this morning in tbe northern suburb of this city , in consequence of information brought to the police , te the effect that a man named Maddicks , a oowkeeper and milkman , had been murdered , and his wife and her sister dangerously wounded , by a labouring man named Joha Clarke , to whom , from charitable motives , they had afforded the shelter and hospitalities of their cottage , which i » situated at about a mile from tbe first turnpike on the Gloucester load . Maddicks is lying in a state of insensibility and in the most imminent danger .
The particulars , b « I have ascertained them on the spot , are these : —Maddicks , who is a jouDg man , about 21 years of ago , ia a cowkeeper , and occupies a cott&ga in a field about half a mile from tbe high road leading from Bristol to Gloucester . He is a married man , and has two children living , the eld-oat being three years old , and the youngest child at tbe breast . Clarke , by whom tbe murders were attempted , is also a young man , and , until recently , lived in the service of a grizernamed Pope , under whom Matidicks rents his cottage . About two months since Clarke Was thrown out of a situation ,: and having no relatives in Bristol , b& applied for pecuniary nssistanca to MadcHcks , who , commiserating bis situation , kindly told him that be might reside with him and his family , and take a place
at their table , until he should be able to provide him-Bt \ t with Home better situation . Clarfre accordingly went to reside there , and was fed and housed by Maddicka and his wife . On Wednesday Mra . Maddicks happened to say , whiie at dinner , that she had been promised payment of a milk score by a gentleman residing in Collegegreen , and that tbe morrow had been fixed for the purpose . Clarke did : not appear to take any particular notice of this at the time , but afterwards he asked some questions about it . On Thurday night , after partaking of their supper as usual , the family retired to test . Maddivks and his wife and two children occupied one bed ; a little girl who was employed , to assist in nursing their infant , slept on the chairs by their bedside ; and the sister of Mrs . Madrticks , who had nursed her in heT confinement , in a bed adjoining . Clarke
was in an adjoining room . At daylight this morning the wife was awakened by feeling something strike her violently on the head . She looked and saw Clarke with ft poker in his hand . He struck her twice more on the head nnd once on the arm . Tbe sister then woke and called out ; upon which tha villain rushed upon hex and Btruck her violently on the head , inflicting a terrible gash . So murderously intended was the blow , that the pokur broke in two , and one part of it flew with violence against a wall of the apatiment , and then fell upon th " bed . Mia . Maddicks , ou looking at her husband , found b '' m covered witb blood and . completely iusensii . le . She then jumped out of bed , and sc z : d hold of Clarke , wbotii eh * willed by name . He then broke from her , and made his escape over a wall at the back of tbe premises , and got clean off . In his haste be dropped one of his shoes , and be has left his hat behind aim .
Upon an examination of the room afterwards , it was feund tbat ! -e bad carried off some silver money which had bean placed upon a « belf near the bead of the bedstead . Bh had also ruiiima (» eil a box fn which money w . ib sometimes fenpt . but as Mra Maddicks had been p ; evented frum receiving the account referred to the previous day in her conversation with the accused , he w « 8 disappointed . On information being given to the police , they processed , to the cottage , and finding Maddicks and his wife severely irjured . they removed them to the ix > firnmry . Ma < idicks has four external wounds on ttie bt-afi , the most dangerous of which is over the temple . This day ene of the magistrates , J I * - Senders . Esq . went to the bedside of the womau . anrt to » k her deposition on oatn , when she deposed , as ( ax c . a her knowledge went , to the facts , as before stated . The iuuu , being completely insensible , ia , of course , unable to give any accouui of the transaction .
rue police are engaged in active pursuit of Clarke , but . us ytt they have been unable to find any trace of Mm . The Carlton Ciun and the Marquis—Cm it be trua that tbe M-. qua of h y waa actually hlacK ^ ailed at tbe Cuton Ciub on the 22 . id ult . ? Sucn is , bowevei , th « report . U set fins he withdrew from the club soruo time ago , in consequence of some Ministerial disappointment , and we btiievo favoured it with a tua . uifeBLat . ioD uf His displeasure ; and , if not intimating that he meant to turn Radical , at least that he would have no further connexion with the Cariton Club ; a . d now , in return , it set-ms they decline all farther connexion with hia Lordship . - — Durham Chronicle .
the British Iron Company waa . established in Ii 25 , when tho pricuof bar iron was £ 14 or £ 15 per ton ; tbe nominal capital was two miliioos , Upon which calJ * to tho extent of 75 per cent , bave already been made , and the company ia besides involved in a debt of £ 450 000 . The price of iron seems to have averaged in a iouMk > of years £ 7 pcr ton , but owing to the general depression of all traces , and of the iron trade in particular , it was , two months since , unsaleable at £ i per ton ; and , to complete the misfortunes of the company , their pecuniary engagements came to a crisis just at the time when the sacrifice of their property , for the purppsa of wteting those engagements , would have been most disastrous . :
THE pacts which Dr . Barb am has collected and arranged establish the dreartful truth , tbat nearly thrte thousaui children have beoti burned to death , iu a single year ; on average of mote than eight every day . Tbe victisnsin all thcreiga of Queen > Ury ^ vsLose torturing death , nearly 3 v 0 jtsurB r . go , is still regiiidtd
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with horror , were less numetous than «> ur infant inarfyro who perished in two months ; and the Suttees of India , whose existence was j ustly deemed a national reproach , and their extinction a theme ot rejoicing , were fewer than our own children who are daily burned alive , unheeded . —Cornwall Gazette .
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TURNOUT OF SEAV 1 EN IN LIVERPOOL . A turn-out bos taken piaco among the seamen of this p » rt of a somewhat formidable character as to the numbers who have already joined in it , and also as regards the determined manner io which they ee ^ m bent on accomplishing their purpose . 1 The precise nature of theie grievances would appear to be this : — j There are at several seaports , more particularly iu this town , a great number of shipping offices , which are ebte'fiy kept by retired captains and mates , in tbe Vicinity of tbe docks . Tbe bn sin ess of the occupiers of these offices ia confined to tbat part of procuring bands for tbe several vessels about ! to leave the port They first of all watch those vessels which are taking in cargoes or ballast , and are preparing for ? ea and they
obtain from the respective masters a list of the numbers of hands whicU will ba required to perform the voyage . There being always an immense body of unemployed seamen at tbe port of all acres , these agents find little difficulty in obtaining the required number ; and for procuring the situation , for which they had heretofore made a charge of 2 s ., but within the last six months advanced it to 10 a This is tbe cmae of the present turn-out The seamen consider the charge' an imposition . They say that they have no objection to pay the amount formerly exacted , or even an additional trifle , but that they will no longer submit to tbe payment of the 10 a . Some ef them are , moreover , talking in the strain of the antiuiQnopoliets on the eubjtsct , and saying that a number ef agents have no right to drivo such a trade , and , by acting in concert , to raise the ' charge ad libitum while they themselves could , by gfling on board the vessels ,
make their own agreements with the masters , and thus abolish the exaction altogether . They represent , and appwentlywith gTeat truth , that when the Ids . cornea to be deducted , as is often the case when expeditious voyages are performed , five orisix , or more times in the year , from their hard earned wages , themselves ana their families are greatly the sufferers ; and that when to this charge is added tbe many other impositions to which sailors , pbrtmps m jre than Any other class uf men , are subjected , it becomes a matter » f serious moment to them to get rid ef one at least ot their grievances . Tbe plain , blunt , straight-forward manner in which tbe poor fellows sum up their caae has obtained for them very general sympathy ; and . provided they abstain from coromittii'g any acts of outrage , they will most praba ^ ly succeed in having their cause of cornplaint removed . !
After they had remained forjsome time in front of the Custom-house , at which place they in tbe first instance assembled , and had attracted crowds o ^ persons to the spot , they proceeded in procession , three and four deep , along tbe line of docks , making known tbeir object as they passed . ! A public meeting was held at tbo Q'ieen ' 8 Theatre , on Friday evening , for the purpose of t . tking into consideration their grievances and the remedit-8 to be adopted for their removal . jTbe theatre was most densely crowded in every part Two or three union jacks were suspended from the boxes and gallery , anrt a small band was stationed upon the stage , wh'ch ever and anon played national airs or such tunes as found favour with the sailors .
An elderly man , named George Shell , occupied the chair . —Ha said he had great pleasure in availing himself of the opportunity to state to the world his opinions as to how the hard-working sailors , particularly those belonging to that port , ! had , been robbed . He then went on at some length to denounce the conduct of tbe shipping masters of Liverpool , and particilar z ^ d one who had acted , as he said , in a shameful manner . He observed , that the sailors nominally got £ 2 per month , but that owing to the exactions of the shipping masters and others . ! their wazes were
reduced to 30 s and under . These , men were generally unfit for their situations , as moat of them were not brought up to the sea , and he mentioned an instance in which one of them bad shipped a shoemaker ' s lad , ef Kingston , Dublin , on boardjthe Liverpool , of Liverpool , as a ship's carpenter . It was euch conduct as this , in his opinion , which had caused the loss of so many vessels , and left mo many widows and fatherless children . He concluded by calling on the shipowners and insurance offices of tho { port to put down the fijatem , !
Another sailor , named Benest , of Jersey , also addressed tbe meeting . —He complained of tbe low wages which sailors received , but , low as they were , they had to pay about 17 ? . to the ; shipping masters and others before they could get ] a situation on board ships , These shipping roasters , in some instances , got 10 a . from them , then there were 5 s . for cashing the note , a shilling for a character , and another shilling for extras , He concluded by recommending tbe propriety of sending a memorial to the Mayor and Council , suggesting tbat the shipping offices be put down , and that a general office be established at tbe Custom * house , to which ship masters ] might go and choose their men . j Several other sailors then addressed the meeting in a similar strain , after which a resolution to the effect suggested by Benest was carried unanimously . Tho meeting then s .-parated . lthe proceedings having been conducted in a very orderly manner . There could not have been fewer than from 800 to 1000 Bailors present j
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SEL-5 TON . —At this place tha fever has been rasing for a length of time , and through this complaint ibe poor have had to suffer very nmoh . The other week a man of the name of Joseph Coleman a 9 takea ill , confined to hi * bed , and his life was & > rn iat despaired of . Application was made to the reJyving officer for eoto ^ thiny to Jr ^ ep his frame s ! re . The- officer said " Why . b » ha 3 a . houseof b > ov ? n , and coioes here for relief 1 " The person who app ' 'ed said , ' He cannot eat . the house . " Tbe follow « 3 iif " He most sell it . " The pprsen made answer -ad said , " But he cannot pell it , at least he d&r * i > ofc sell it . " But the man that would not mind stnr ? . ng a man and family to doth , > -aid , " Let him selJ n to me , I will buy it . " Again he a ? ked the person h < w many children the man bad . THe answer was , ' s ix children . " Ho then j ? s , ve her three shilling- u / id sixpence , —for a man , a woman , and six children to live upon for this week , and he had been confinec to his bed for nearly two weeks .
Djstbbssimg Event . —On Thursday night a iistresBing event happened in one of our herring b «** s . When about returning to land , a fisherman , nsa ! - » d Richard Robertson , while doing pomathi / jgabcu . 'as mast or sail of the boat , lost his balance , and in falling overboard was caught , hold of by another o ? the crew , Alexander Baxter , but he was nnsble to * ave him , and in the generous att ? mpt to do so , was ciso dragged into the sea , and both perished . Ther <^ 9 . a only another man and boy in the boat , ard all attempts to save the unfortunate mon were V 7 h «! ly unavailing . Their poor widows were waiting on the pier for the return of the boat , and when 'hey saw but two men instead of four , they trfrnr ' . ^ d , and feared the worst—and their fears were realised . They and their large bereaved families mum the loss of industrious aud kind husbands . —Aber-isen Banner- '
The Entrance to Dublin . —The entrance into Dublin from Kingstown is very handsome . Ther « is no bustle and throDg of carriages , as in London , ' out ; jou pass by numerous rows of neat houses , fronted with gardena , and adorned with all 6 orfcs of gaylooking creepers . Pretty market gardens , with trim beds of plants , and shining glass-bouses * gfri ; the suburbs a riante and cheerful look ; and pacing under the arch of the railway , we are in th : city itself . Hence you come upon several oldfashi «» ed , « ull-built , airy , statelv streets , and through
Fitzwilliam-Fquare , a noble place , the garden of whirh is full of flowers and foliage . The leaves arc % ¦ en , and not black as in similar places in London , The radbrirk houses tali and handsome . Presently the car stops before ane&' -remeiy ^ ig red hou ^ e , in hat extremely large square , Stephcn ' n green , when Mr . O'Connell says there is one day or other to be a Parliament . There is room encugh for that or fox ny othflr edifice which fancy or patriotism may h ^ -i a mind to erect , for part of cue of the eid * : > ot ( he square is not yet built , and yoii see the field * Bad the country beyond . —Titmarsh ' s Irish Sketch B » k .
Statistical Return of the Sittings cp the Session . —From a return issutd on Tuesday by ihe clurk of the journals , to an order of the Hon .- of Comoious , on a motion by Mr . Brotherton , the timber of days on which the house sat for the trat ; -action of business during the past session , from Fab . 2 nd , on which it assembled , to August the 17 t \ on which it was prorogued , is ascertained to bo 119 , including three Saturdays , the hours of sitting >< y . ve 986 £ , and the average time of sitting eight houi > and seventeen minutes on each successive night . The number of hours on which the houje sat after rnidnight is calculated at 105 i , or eq ^ al to eighty uina nights . From the 4 h to the 17 -h of A « gu .- ; i ihe average hours of sitting are put down ai thirteen or fourteen hours a day , and the average hours of adjournment at from one and two a . m . An analysis ot the Bjitings at the commencement of the si slon show , s that the house frequently adjourned at she hours of eight and nine o ' clock , and but seldom ai later than twelve .
Execution at Chester . —James Ratoliffe . who was convicted before Mr . Baron Kolfe at tho late Cheater assizes of the wilful murder of hia wife , EJzibeth Ratoliffe , at Stockport , underwent the extreme sentouoo of the law in front of the citv v > ol at Chester , at twelve o'clock on Saturday . It vill be recollected , that the circumstances uader which the murder was committed , were of an exceedingly aggravated character , it appeared from the evid * nee upon the trial , that the prisoner , who was ab > u . 58 yeu , r 3 of age aud a tobacconist by trade , h& < i heen constantly in the habit of indulging in the usd uf intoxicating liquors , to such an extent at time- , that his passion became wholly ungovernable , and that , in the wildness of his fury , he very oiceu plac-g the life of his wretched partner in a state of the mist imminent peril . At length , with the view o : removing her from within the reach of his bruuihcy ,
one of the sons , a steady young man , named Jatnoa , took a house for himself , his mother , and the remainder of the family , at a place called Hooper's buildings , in Stockport , without giving any inior ; y ation to the prisoner as to the looality of their new abode . Shortly after , however , the prisoner ; discovered it , and proceeded to a neighbour ' s house , where ho seated himself , and remained until hi * wife entered . When sho came in , he represented hi i- » elf as being very unwell and anxious to have a e > . r - . or . He then asked her to fetch him some water , w . ich she did , and held it to his lips while ha drank , la a little tfmo after , he was observed to ciraw closer and clos « r to her , and ac length he sprang upon her with the fury of a demon , drew a large clasp kniiV t ' rym his sleeve , and inflicted such a wound upo ^ uer abdomen as caused nor death upon tho folio . v . ng day .
Lamentable Circumstance . —Last Friday n ; - > rDing , two youths , apprentices to Mr . Carter , grcrer , ot Cowiold , Sussex , started at fife o ' clock , with ilie intent of amusing themselvss for a couple of Lours , previously to commencing business for the day . Juafc after tiiey had started , one of them climbed j * p , "na tree , for tbe purpose of gathering some trait , And while seated on the branches , was desired bs hia companion to come down . He roplied that , ho f hould not do o <> till ho had gathered some nioro pUms , upon which , his companion put a cap upoii the r o . ule
of tho percussion lock , and then pointing the jt u . at the other , said ho would phoot him . This was entirely in joke , it being supposed the gan wa not loaded . Tue reverse , however , turned out to bi the case , for on the boy pulling tho trigger , the cor euta of the barrel went through his companion ' s h-a . d , and he fell from the treo a corpse Tho deceased was only seventeen years of age , and the icconsnderate cause of his death two jear 3 younger . This unna-ppy occurrence has produced a degree o ' I'onsternavioa iu the village neves before remembered there .
Awful Position op a Child in the Prks > ncb of her Fatheb . —Mear Renfrew , an unloaded wjgg ^ n , containing the driver and his three y < ung children , was standing adjoining some home ' j but respectable thatched houses . The horse wa ex « bibbing symptoms of impatience , by throwing up hia head , whisking his taii , and ever and anon clamping heavily on the ground with his near hind foot , s ^ the tiny curly headed cargo " wo-wo-woed , " skirl ? - « 1 aud shouied in elfish merriment . The father , alter chatting to a neighbour or two about the crops , the kirk , and the weather , began to spoil ths spurt of the children by coolly seizing the eldest and most boisterous , and handing him out to the care o : 'he neighbours . Tns second was beiug served iu Ike manner , when the third and youngest , a girl be « een two and three years of age , crept towards the . I ' ront or the waajjon , and when the father turm-d romm . to
take hn darling in his arms , he was horrin < : u at seeing the child—through a widened spar—fait I'fcht under the raised foot of the impatient horse ! The father ' s eye dimmed , and his frame and ferures shruLk in spasmodic sympathy . The hoof detc ^ ded —iiut , O , guidtd by a higher power , it dfhc iiued lightly' —feeiiug something soft and jieldiui ; the animal moved the iron-ahod toe on the infant * * tm < & ( as it to . ascertain the nature of the unusual snbstauce . a movement of the infant , or some hidden fcpyrebetii ion , filled the horsts with alarm , a tremor seiwd his limbs , and with couring haunches and twinging flanks , he raisnd the hoof , poised it for half a 6 > cond , a . id , in maddenit / g terror sent it again thuhtk' -ifig downward , but uot before thetimeous ruA of & iioahearted neighbour baa providentially snafch-. d the uninjured in ant from her awful position , an < i was bearing ner in triumph to her mjliior ' a ama . — Glasgow Reformer .
HiGHWAt Robbery . Two young Englk '^ ipn , named vi&caouala and Outndge , were tried at iois , on the 22 nd , for highway robbery . On the 18 h of January last , at about eight o ' clock in the < jv wing , a waggoner , was stopped near Salbris by two por ^ uns who presented a * -pistol , and called out ' * 'Viyrjpy , money . " The waggoner , understanding wb « ihcy wanted from the pr-sentatiou of the pistol , ai' Woagh he did not know English , gave up hia purs *\ concaining $ 0 f . m two-f ' rano pieces , and then ven ured to put forth an imploring hand for the restitution of a portion of the motley . The Englishmen , who understood his pantomime as well as he had done sheir own , gave him back the greater part of the con ents of the purse . The waggoner , however , felt no gratitude towards the generous thieves , and oh bi ~ a : rival at the first village , gave Buch a description of them ,
that in less than half an hour they w > -re snvsted , and lodged in prison . It appeared on tne trial that tbe prisoners were respectable young men at bom& as clerk ? , and that they had abandoned England , and come to France , in the hope of obtaining employment , and seeing at' the same lime a little of the world : ; but as they had with them only a . sum of 2 <» 0 traitor when they landed , and could procure no employ , ment , they were soon in a state of deaiitution , and had passed the whole of the day preceding the robbery without food . They--pru . uufled . exeeUeBt-eerMficattfl as to their conduct m iirgland , ana aokBOWledged their crime with so much repentance , tnas both the jury and the court resolved' to be lenient . The jury found them guilty , without a « fera » ating circumstances , and the judges , being thus enab ^ dto apply a comparatively slight puiiisliin . nt . eentepced Mttcdonaldvas the older of the two , to g ? - ?^ imprisonment , and Outridge to Bfteen mouta&r-Galignanu -
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Fortunate Discovery . —A . ; few days ago , one of those extraordinary occurrences which may most justly be termed " providential , " happened to a young man , named Bennett , ja journeyman tailor , lodging in the neighbourhood of Clare-market . It appears that , a few weekB since , the poor fe'Jow camo op to London from Leicester , with only a few shillings in his packet , ia search of something like permanent employment , but soon found that it , was not to be obtained . All he could do was to pick up two or three shillings a week by occasional jobs , thus gaining barely enough to pay the
rent oi his humble lodging . Qf course , what lictie property he had about him , in the shape of decent apparel , soon became sacrificed , and at last he found himself not only without a breakfast , but utterly at a loss to know how to obtain ! one . Ev < n the box that had held his clothes had been sold for a day ' . - subsistence . Nothing was left except a few old numbers of penny periodicals , in which he had occasionally invested a trine , for the sake of amusing himself . ' 1 here was also lying among th > m an old dirty-looking volume ] of " Bunyan ' s Pilgrim ' s Progress / ' that he had ! picked up tor a few ponoe at a book-stall . This , and tho periodicals together , might make three i or four pounds of
wast * paper * enough to procure a breakfsst , and , accordingly , the hungry youtli , to mako his goods the more marketable at the buttor-shop , prcce- ded to divest the " Pilgrim's Progress" of its antiquated bindings , which appeared to have been laid ou somewhat clumsily by different owners . In his impatience at the difficulty which thus presented i'self , he suddenly tore off violently one of the si 3 e covers of the volume , from jwhence , as from a pocket-book , be beheld peeping ] out a very carefully folded piece of eilver paper , which , on having the curiosity to open , be found it to be a £ 10 Bink of England note . It need hardly be added , that af ' . er this discovery tho " Pilgrim ' s Progress" never reached thf butter-shop . !
The accursed Truck Sistem . —Acoouhts from Waieri have dwelt a good deal , among other practical evils that have been at work there , on one in particular—the truck system—the s > stem , viz ., which obliges workmen to receive their wages partly in the shape of goods , food , clothing , & . c , instead of in money . A master manufacturer who sees himself ai the h . ad of a large number ofj hands , has them at his one mill or set of mills , arranged and divided , distributed through what departments , put at wha ; post he Hues—all under his eye , ) uHd < r his thumb—a manufacturer who has the coritroul ofsuchamt !! - system aa this , is naturally disposed to carry on the ; systematizing process a little further than the mill . He wants lo leed and clothe his workmen as well
upon eooie general plan . Ho pursues them into ihe . r houses , curries the mill into their larder and kkohen , aud makes them eat and drink from mill supply . He establishes his great mill-sh : op of all ar ^ iclistea , cofive , sugar , cheese , butter , Uinen , calico , clo b , hosiery , & ' ., and makes them his compulsory cosiohutb . A master may think it a good thing for his workmen to have them more uader bis superintendence , and may wish also to supply them by this method with better and cheaper articles than they would get Bt tlie common retail shops . But tbe gross frauds and abusrs to which jthe system is liable are obvious , and have been proved by fact . They went on to such an extent , before Mr . Littleton ' s Actthat in some cases iho profits of tne truck shop
, exceeded the profits o * ' the business of which it was th * appendage . The workman received his nominal wajjes of 30 s or 20 s a-week , which , given in sruck tickets , were in realitr , ouly 2 p 3 or 12 s in consequence of the high-priced or interior articles which mose tickets procured him . And if We add to this tangible robbery of the workman the needless aud galling tether of the mill which accompanies it , the perpetual prying , busybody surveillance of the mill authorities over him , we have a Targe , grievoas , and oppressive system before ua , which is , or should be , intolerable in a free country like ours . Parliament put a legal end to the truck system ; since which time it has gone on necessarily in a more mild and relaxed aad subdued form than it did before . Sti . l
it has gone on under the rose ; ( the law has been defeated in consequence of the perpetual tendency to get into debt op the part of the operative class , which has put them virtually at the mercy of those masters of whom they have borrowed , and obliged them to buy at the shop to which the master sends them-Tbe debts of the operative hare brought him again virtually under the restraint from { which the law has released him . On a twofold and ; important ground then—because it leads to fraud and tyranny on the part of the masters , and to laxity and improvidence on thepart of the men—we acrongly object tothe t ruck system ; and as the means which have been hitherto applied evidently do not sufficiency check it , beg to recommend the subject tor that ! lurther attention which it Stems to defiiand . —Londhn paper .
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A NORTHERN TOUR . " A duel ' s among ye tatfcin note * , And , faith , h&'ll prent tt . " TO THB EDITOS OP THE NOBTHKRS STAR . DeaB . Sis ., —I Bend you tQe concluding letter of my " tour , " w&ich will be found by the reader if it posaesse s no other merit , to bave that at any rate of brevity . Monday , August 281 a . —I again visited Winlaton , and addressed a large open-air meeting . My old friend the O'Conrellite hero did not nuke his appearance , and consequently 2 had not tbe task ef administering a second fi&geUatioa . The meeting was a very enthusiastic one , and was closed with the usual democratic cheers . Tuesday , Angost 29 th . —I « eernred in the Arcade Boom , Sunderland ; the meeting was bat thin . As I ba-re before stated , the Hiovenient has received a terrible shock in SnEderland , to recover it from which , months of arduous toil oa the part of tbe " good men and trne" Trill be necessary . The new Organizition ia looked forward to with deep interest by the Sn&derland ChartiBta .
The Basse evening I had the pleasure of spending a short time in tbe company of that noble patriot , Mr . Bobens of Bath , and my tnwty friend Beesley . I am fcappy to be able t « say that tbe fears I entertained a few weeks since of the probability of an early " strike " of the colliers , are to a great Extent removed . Tictory or ruin is in the hands of tbe colliers themselves—their mission is an awfnl one , their own rights at least—it may be tbe rights ot the ¦ universal mass of trampled-< io \ m slaves , depend upon iheir prudence , perseverance and-resolution . May they prove thenujelveo worthy of the slorions task assigned them !
Wednesday , August 30 th—Heached South Shields , and in the evening was entertained at a tea party " got up" by the Female Chartists of the town . Justice having been done to tbe good things provided for us , we at seven o ' clock adjourned to the Market Place , -where I held a fine meeting , numbering at the least 3 , 000 persons . Gn my arrival at tbe Market Place , I found that not only was the parish cbnrch open for evening prayers , but also that my congregation vras already occupied in listening to one of tbe illegitimate expounders of superstition who was holding forth hot and
strong to a large number ef hearers , bat who became " smaller by degrees and beautifully less' * as I proRrtssed with my story from an opposite pqiot of the Market-place , and finally left him " alone in bis glory , ** preferring to hear a little about the substantials ' of this world to all the froth and foam about another iisnally dealt in by the vendors of Gospel ware * . I spoke for above two hours , and a noble and enthusiastic meeting I had . All honour to the men of Shields ; they are la < ts cf the right sort , and -will be foand yet again in tbe van of the democratic ranks whenever confidence shall b& restored by the
Establishment of tbe sew Or ^ ai ^ sation . Having closed the pnblic meeting , we returned to the company of vox fair companions in arms , ™ and spent a most delightful e-w-ning . Trrnrsdsy , Anynst 31 —Took passage at nine o'clock on board tbo EclipEe for Hull ; the voyage would have been pleasant eucngb bat for the vessel being loaded ¦ with herring frtsh and dried , taken on board at Whitby and Siarborosgh . by which the passengers Trere not a little annoyed ; fortunately the weather -wos beautifully fineand altozether we had a very good passssge . I landed at Hnll on Priday morning . September 1 st , at eight o'clock , after a sail of ttreDiy-threehonrs . 1 reached 1 / eeds at half-past one o'clock , and having transacted some little business at Use Star office , left thatto" * n it fouT o ' clock , and finally arrived at Sheffield at hslf-p ^ st six . Hy " Northern tenr" ia closed . I -arrite this by—•• The bosaie bright blink o' my ain fireside . "
I regret that I bat not the time to visit my old friends in Fife , Forfar , 3 > aadee , Aberdeen , && Possibly at some fntcre period 3 m 3 j bave that pleasure . In tbe meantime I . "hall rtniMnber "with feelings of boDtst pride and satisfaction tbe hearty reception given me in the " iKDd o ' cakfcs . " Gsorge Julias H ^ bnzt . Shimeld , Sept 4 » h , 1843-P 3 . 1 have to acknowledge the receipt of several provincial newspaper ? received at my home during my ibsetcs- I ifeaak my friends for their kindness , and sbsil be b-ppy to receive farther favenrs of the like nsture . A 3 . ^ fter tMs , I stall be removed to Latds , I nrqasst thai ; J 1 ietters , ne-srapapers , &c Jiay , until further notice be addressed to me at the Northern Star ufSse . G J . H .
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_ THE NORTHERN g TAR . /
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 9, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1229/page/7/
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