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THE JNOHTHE&]S STAE SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1844.
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THE NOBTHERN STAB, AND THE COLLIERS ON STB1KE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FKA 2 TCE . The Throve lv Daxgbh !—The Rijbrme contains ¦ statements which bhow that the conspiracy detected in the 7 ih Regiment of the lane at Paris had nnmeous ramifications . It says ;—Y " The 7 iff « Sr of the 70 th Hegieeni of the line , in consequence of "which twenty of the privates of that regiment were brutally transported , with a chain round their necks , to Algeria , had , it appears , Humetous Tamincations , A person coming from Alencon states , that a regiment of infantry , in garrison in that town , has had several men sent to Algiers for
tho tame-cause as those of the 60 th Begir / 'ent . Much cariosity prevails to ascertain the motive of these arrests . The colonel pretended to have received an order to march his regiment to Paris , and in less than an boor the entire corp 3 was under arms . Bat as soon as they had left the town , in place of continuing their march to the capital , they ¦ wer e ordered to lay down their arm 3 , and a minute inspection of the kaapsackB took place . It was in consequence of the discoveries made in in the knapsacks that some soldierss were arrested , and the remainder marched back to their barracks . "
One of our private letters states , that " owing to ¦ whatever cause , the precautions for the preservation ef ihe Sing were never more numerous , nor more severely-enforced , than at the present moment . " * The academical council of Paris has passed judgment on some of the students who went some time ago to © onaplimaii M . lafSite and M . Beranger . M . Jules Gouache , a student of law , is expelled from toe faculty of Iaw 3 for two years . The examinations of M . G . Quercy are postponed for six months , and two . others have minor punishments inflicted upon them . The Earis papers of Friday and Saturday state that the '" Chamber of Peers was stiil occupied in the discussion of the Education BilL On Friday M . de
Monialivet made another violent speech against the "University , in tlie course of ^ rhich he declared that the majority of those educated at ihe University were sceptics and unbelievers , and that among a hundred young men "who terminated their studies in that institution scarcely ten Christians could be found . He was followed by the Count Portalis and the Minister of Pnblio Instruction , after which the debate was adjourned to Saturday , when it was expected to be brought to a close . In the Chamber of Deputies , after a speech from M . de Tocqueville , the principle of the Prisons Bill was adopted , and the discussion of the separate articles commenced , and was likely to last for some days .
The Courricr Francois of Monday , Etates that iiumer 6 n 3 patrols of Municipal Guards , cavalry and jifaniry , have perambulated the streets of Pari 3 for some nights past after nine o ' clock in the evening . " This , " adds the Courrier Francois , i 3 the commencement of ibe measures of security to be adopted en the approach of the 1 st of May ( the lung ' s fete ) . "
SPAIN . A rather violent shoek of an earthquake was felt at Lugo , in Galicia , en the 19 th ult ., at forty-five minntespasi three o ' clock pju . It proceeded from Borth to Eouth , and the oscillation was so strong , that the houses were shaken throughout the town ? s if by a loud discharge of artillery . The water of the river Minbo , near the thermal springs , seemed to be in a state of ebullition . Early in the morning the atmosphere was loaded on the side of the north , and a very strong wind blowing in that direction raised a- cloud of dust , which banished the inhabitants from the streets . The barometer marked fine ¦ weather , and the thermometer ( Reaumur ) stood at thirteen degrees , about 60 of Fahrenheit . Sneh phenomena : being very unfrequent in that -country , the inhabitants were greatly frightened by it , particularly those residing near the cathedral , where the . motion was most sensible .
PORTUGAL . Pbsgxess o ? Dzspoti > h . —We have accounts from Lisbon by the Peninsular steamer to the 22 nd of April , where pubEc affairs remained nearly in- the rime state . The troops in fee fortress of Almeida , with Bonfim at their head , still continued to bid defiance toTiscount Fonte Nova and bi 3 4 , 000 men ; and not only so , bus it now turns oni that the ** rebels " iave really been able to get up something in the ¦ semblance of a guerilla party in their favour , so ts to give an appearance of popularity to their cause .
The Royal decrees had been published , one establishing what may be regarded as tantamount to martial law throughout the kingdom , and another prolonging the suspension of the Habeas Corpus and the liberty of the press , to the 23 d of May next . Several suspected persons had been shipped off to some distant colony without any form of triaL Among them are . the deputies Leonel Tayares and Grijo , the editor of the Tribtmo , Antonio de Onha , and Holtreman , a lawyer .
PRUSSIA . ( From trur own Correspondent . )—When Frederick "William 1 Y . ascended the throne there was not a more popular monarch in all Europe . Now , there is none more unpopular ; rot one , not even Nicholas of Hussia ^ who is at least worshipped by the dnmb beastly stupidity of hi 3 degraded serfs . Tke Prussian King , who calls himself emphatically " the Christian King , " and has made his court a most ludicrous assemblage of whining saints and piety-feigning couriierSj has done everything in his power to open the eyes of the nation , and not in vain , lie commenced ¦ with a show of liberality , then passed over , to feudality ; and ended in establishing the government of the police-spy . The press is laid down by a
rigorons censorship , and by prosecutions in courts of law , before jadges , paid by thekingjand removable by the king , "who conduces trials without juries , and with closed doors . Oppression is ^ verj rife . The stndents at Berlin commenced holding meetings and discnaang political subjects ; these meetings were stopped -by the police , the ^ peakers arrested , prosecuted , and several of them expelled the University . Dr . Nauwerck , lecturer as ibe Uxiversity , who lectured on modern politics , and hesitated not to proclaim his Hepublican opinions , had his lectures -visited by the -ministers'spies , and at last stopped by the illegal interference of the minister , about a mouth ago . The University protested against such an obstruction , and some of their members published the
protest ; for this heinous crime they are now under prosecution- At some public demonstrations of the students , which happened in February , cheers "were given for Professor Hoffman , who had been dismissed for his naving published some satirical ¦ poetry . The consequence of this "Wis , that again half-a-dozen students were expelled , and by this disabled to take any Government office , or to exercise the medical profession . At Dusseldorf , on the Rhine , the annnsl public masquerade during the Carnival was Etopped by the police , on account of some political illusions , and the poor DusseldorRans ¦ were even hindered from going to Cologne , and partaking in the procession there . These , are only a few of the oppressive measures by which the Government has shown it 3 mind : and they have
iiad a miracElous effect on the developement of pnblio opinion . They have awakened the nation from a state of political lethargy , and thrown them into such an excitement that even the oldest and most loyal supporters of the " Christian King" begin to entertain fears for the stability or the present , order of things . Dissatisfaction is increasing everywhere , and has become almost universal in the R ' aen ^ h provinces , in Eastern Prussia , Posen , Berlin , and all the large towns . The people are resolved to have a free press and constitution to begin with . " But there is so much eombnstihle matter heaped up in all _ Germany , and the shades of opinion are so "various , that it i 3 impossible to predict where the movement , if odcs fairly commenced , may stop . However , it will bain the direction towards democracy : thus much is evident . - * » *
ITALY . It was reported at Marseilles en the 20 ; h instant , by the passengers arrived there on that day , that at themoment of iheir departure from "Naples ( on the 35 : b ) the telegraph had announced an insurrection in Calabria , and that four steamers , witki , 000 troops , ¦ were about to leave direct for that province .
GREECE . IntelBgencs from Athens of the 5 th instant , announces the formation of the new Cabinet . « M . G . Condnriotti had been appointed Minister of Marine and President of ihe Council-j II , Mavrooordato , Minister of Finance ; M . Coletti , Minister of the Interior ; M . Tricocpi , Minister for Foreign Affairs ; M . Somicht , Minister of Justice . } JL Metaxa ,-Minister of War . The Minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs and Public Instruction had not yet been named , but was to be chosen by M . Metaxa .
Letters from Athens of the 10 th coatradiet the previoasly stated appointment of a Ministry . . The Eister holidays have been conducted oh a grand scale . The fast of Lent over , the whole cpapuJktioo has . been absorbed apparently in Easter festtvities ^ - chuash going , lamb roasting , gun firing , fine . clothes , and 5 £ i"dting , have been the order of the day j and jester&iy Being Easter Tuesday , as well as the ? annireKary of independence , the King and Queen attended ja solemn service , where they were very well xecelftrd . Afterwards , 5000 or 6000 of the population , in tke / r gala attire , were collected on the high 1
plateau , whitCextends from the temple of Theseas to Pnyx , the nau'l custom , seated on the rocks of the Hill of the Hymens , the steps of the temple , on the ades of the Areo ^ agos , or dancing the Romaica on the plain . The maO ? ° * Athenians seemed as calmly happy and sedately joyous at tbe « od ^ f iheii religious festival as they fcV * d . ever fbeen in the gorgeous proeesHOBs of thB Panav'heEaa . His Mai ^ ty drove the Qsefln , who appeareft ™ exoeueat spirits , in a phaeion ,: j « peatedly throug h the populace , loudly eheered and greeted with Ju ^ d looks on all ades ; nor warespectators wanting on JiorsBbaekoT m sarliagea of the highest classes , and of ^ almost all nations .
. V- - '¦; BUSSIA . Tie -JEmpewr of fiussia has esiabtfstfed * Q absentee tax bj niase , of 500 nubia a year . J" > - KoEsian is toi » Te a passport to travel tifl he be » WfBty-nve joraofwe ,
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CUBA . Havakhah , Feb . 28 . —The whole island is under * mined , the conspiracy « f the blacks is very extensive , and it is easy to see that they have a settled idea of emancipation , which they will sooner ot later accomp lish . Since my last letter no settlement has been in a state of rebellion , bat every day new accomplices are discovered in sugar mills , and the negroes seem determined to carry the conspiracy to the end . The punishments of every kind have been horrible , we may say barbaroui . Besides thoBe killed in action , the masters of the negroes have been allowed the discretional power of inflicting any punishment they please , and many have perished ander the lash . To my knowledge there are sugar " works in which as many as nine of these unfortunate beings have expired during the continuation of this barbarous
treatment . Eleven were sentenced lately by the courtmartial to be shot , and afterwards burnt . Horrid scenes ! which , however , neither awe nor cause any effect upon the conspiring masses . I will relate a fact which proves this . The negroes of the sugar mill of Quevedo ( an establishment near Guinea ) were to rise on the 11 th inst ., but the unexpected arrival of several white people who came to sleep there hindered the breaking out . This conspiracy was discovered by accident ; and after the slaves had confessed their plan , which was ( as everywhere else ) to murder the whites , and destroy everything by fire and sword , they were asked where they had concocted their plan ; their answer waa ** At the Savanilla , while witnessing the execution of their comrades 1 "
In the establishment of one of my brothers , whose slaves have seen all the executions , and amongst Others that of th * celebrated Jose Dolers ( a negro , the terror of all that district , ) eight of them are compromised iu the conspiracy ; and we know that in the settlement there still exists a negro king and war standard , but they cannot be detected . What does all this teach us 1 That measures of terror are insufficient ; that the thought and the desire of liberty are superior to all , and that other steps must be adopted for the white man ' s safety . —Liverpool Times .
FOREIGN MISCELLANY . The Shake of Aheeica . —In the Tickshurg Daily Whig of the 5 th ult ., among other advertisements of goods offered for sale , are the following : — " A very likely negro man , aged twenty-six ; 200 , 000 feet of seasoned lumber ; fifty acclimated slaves , consisting of men , women , boys , girls , and a few children ; a likely negro girl , thirteen years old ; a likely woman , and her two children ; several likely negroes ; Mrs . Gore ' s new novel , the Birth-Right" ! A reward of £ 5 is offered for the recovery of a u dark-brown mare , stolen or strayed ; " and a negro boy , captured on suspicion of being " a runaway , " is advertised as being committed to gaol , " until " the owner comes forward , pays charges , and takes him away ; failing which , the boy will be dealt with as the law directs . " That is , " sold for bis keep , " of course . —** All men are born free and equal I "
Malay Pibates . —Ahstbhdah , April 24 . —The Java journals from tho 29 th of November to the 9 th of December , 1843 , contain long accounts of desperate encounters with Malay pirates . Several of their vessels were taken and destroyed , and several prisoners made . A considerable number of persons who had been captured by the pirates were restored to liberty . The Pibate of the Meditksbaneam—A letter received at Llovd's from their agents at Malta , of the 15 th inst ., of which a copy is subjoined , shows that this rover of the sea continues Mb lawless pursuit without hindrance or dread of detection . The
many cases of recent pirateage in the Mediterranean , attributed to a Greek bark , which has escaped the vigilance of the men-of-war up to the date of the following letter , calls for very active measures for its suppression . The great injury which the shipping interest both at home and abroad has sustained by the repeated depradations of this pirate , would ensure much tdat to him who may be fortunate enough to capture her . Certain it is that the infamous but bold depredations , if not horrible butchery , of this vessel , calls for very
prompt measures for her seizure : — Malta , April 15—We have already mentioned that a suspicious looking vessel had been fallen in with in the month of March , off Cape Passaro , by the Clipper , arrived at Smyrna . We now learn that two small craft , which sailed from Sicilian ports on the same d * y for this port with specie , have sot reached their destination . One vessel has not been heard of , whilst the other has been picked up at sea , abandoned , with the water-casks emptied , and with other signs of having been plundered . "
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Many applications having been made to me relative to supplying the Colliers on strike with the Northern Star , and being xiost anxious to comply with their wishes in the most reasonable "way , and at the ume time to conEne the dealing wholly and entirely between the Colliers and myself , I have come to the foLowing resolution ;—The Colliers "who are not able to pay for their papers , will please appoint a person belonging to ths Union in each district . That the papers are for Colliers on strike , and that the agent has been appointed by them selves , must be verified to my clerk at the Northern Star Office , either by one of the Miners' Executive , or by Mr . Beesley ; or by a person in the district known to one of the Executive or to Mr . Beesley ; and the person zo appointtd shall receive the number ot papers required , on the word of those taking them .
I have faith in the Colliers not to allow my general Bgents to take advantage of this indulgence , by ordering for them under the pretext that " they are for Colliers on strike , and are not to be paid for until they beat their oppressors , " which they are sure to do if they keep the pesxe , rely upon the law , avoid wcret societies , and drum spies and informers out of their ranks . I think that my proposal cannot be misunderstood ; or , rather , my acceptance of the terms required by the Colliers ; while I have to rely upon their honour not to allow the whole circulation to . be swallowed up by agents , who would order largely upon the understanding that they were to pay nothing until the Colliers paid them , and who wonld then tell me , after receiving every farthing from the Colliers , that they had been ruined by " pushing the Star . " Is short , I will have no agency Between me and the Colliers ; and to avoid it , the penny allowed to agents must go in to the law Fund of each Colliery , when they are able to pay .
I have to request that the several influential Colliers in their respecUve districts , will Bend a > true and correct account of their progress to the northern Star , in order that the calnronies of the masters may be met . FEAEGUS G'C ' OKJfEB .
The Jnohthe&]S Stae Saturday, May 4, 1844.
THE JNOHTHE& ] S STAE SATURDAY , MAY 4 , 1844 .
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THE BUDGET . THE MINISTER'S "SURPLUS . " PROSPERITY ; AND REMISSION OF TAXES . In another place will be found a luminous Report of the opening of tie Anheal Budget by the Chancellor of the Exchequer , to which the attention of the reader is directed for the several particulars of his statement . The general result is , that Peel has a " surplus **; that the " expansion" of the currency to the extent
of some £ 10 , 000 , 000 more of" paper-kites " , or " shinplaster '' " rags " , than were circulating but some two years ago , has brought about a high degree of " p aospsBiTT" ; that " pbospesitt" has augmented the Revenue ; and that the income-tax has operated far better for the CHASCKLLOa ' a sack than was expected by its originators : that all these things combined , have given Peel a surplus , " and enabled his backera in the Press to exclaim : — the pride of the Ministry , is its finance . "
Very well . To have a " surplus" is indeed a novelty . That Peel knows right well ; and he knows , too , how it has been brought about . The Minister does not . vaunt of " oub Prosperity . " He i 3 very modest , and comparatively silent respecting it ; and not without reason . He is conscious that it is not lasting . He knows that the £ 10 , 000 , 000 " expansion" of our paper currency will have its inevitable effect i thai thongh it may in the first instance , give a stimulus to trade ; bring about 11 PBosPEsur " i raise prices ; induce reckless gambling in "shares .- " so as to produce for the
moment a high feeling of ¦** confidence / 1 and enable the reckless speculator to make riches by a mere dabbling in the money-market , buying shares of Mr . SnaDiry to-day at a little *• Jtelow par , " and selling them to Mr . Boukce to-morrow , at a considerable " pEemium '—he pocketing tb . 8 difference , which is Jusfc . go much filched from somebody in the end : Peel iaiows well that though currency " expansion " stay cause , and has caused , all &is , still he also knows that a exckohxsg vjs > iust eoaiB ; a reaction
mas * take place ; PttosrEHirc" must give way to " PAKIC "; prices must fall with the then necessary " contraction * ' of the cum" « ney j confidence give way to distrait J and the then holders : © f shaBes" and " stock * awake to a knowledge that they have been sorely fl&eeed , Psfit knows that this day is . rapidly approaching ; and he , therefore , wisely keeps a modest silence about present " Pbospsbitt . " He also-wisely retrains from letting his intentions about the Income-Tax be known : well aware , fts he is , that tlie Revenue n ^ yer can be kept up to tbp present
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wantB without that tax , nor probably without a considerable enhancement of its amount . The " surplus" may bo there now : next year may tell a di fferent story ; and therefore Peel wisely reserves his intentions respecting the Income-blister till he sees what turns up . If any should be so soft , as to dream even of the possibility of the remission of the Income-Tax , he will find himself woefully disappointed .
Having a surplus ** however , the Ministry must make some use of it : and accordingly we are to have flint glass at a lower rate , and vinegar without tax ! " They gave hinnriNEGAB to drink , mingled with gall . " The people ask for a total revision of our fiscal code ; for an equitable adjustment with the national creditor , that "faith" may be kept with the payers , and the nation cease to be taxed for "interest" on amounts never "leaf : the people , ask , Jin short , for the adoption of measures that will cause our expenditure to be justly reduced to somewhere about the amount derived from the
three per cent tax on Inoome and Property ; that will dispense with the necessity of maintaining a thundering standing army ; a State Church ; a Pension list ; a Retired allowance list ; and will moreover reduce both the Civil List and the salaries of the Officers of State to a rate commensurate with the reductions in price of produce : the people ask for these things , in the full confidence that such measures will assuredly remove from off their shoulders the weight of misery and degradation which the system of overwhelming taxation has placed there , and fully persuaded that the
Government of the country could be far more honestly and efficiently performed were the evils that at present peril its existence removed , and fair-play % iven to the energies of the producer : ; the people ask for these things , and they are put-off by a " strong Government" with a measure to make vinegar " cheap" ! and , that the measure may be complete , the tax on flint-glass , of which the cruet is made , is to be reduced one-penny-farthing in the pound 1 ! The duties on coffee and sugar are also to undergo some modification ; and the duty on the import of foreign wool is to be abandoned . For particulars we refer to the Chancellor ' s speech .
On these reductions and repeal of taxes , Peel expends some £ 400 , 000 of his " surplus . " He does not deem it prudent to part with it all : and i'faith we think him wi 3 e for so aoting . There is evidently a storm brewing . Every one seems fully persuaded that the present" prosperity" is not to last . There are portentous signs of giving way already . Each one feeU disposed to make as much of the present hour as he can ; and therefore we have a perfect scramble for the little good that " prosperity" scatters . But all this is but hastening the day of reaction ; and when it arrives Peel will need his " surplus , " and the traders will ask for " protection . "
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THE COLLIERS' STRIKE . Whenever unprotected Labour strives to defend itself against the tyranny , the cruelty , and the grinding oppression of the irresponsible Capitalist , the Press under the oontroul of the monied order is ever ready to take the part of the " rich oppressor " against "the poor oppressed . " We apprised the Miners , that however the formation of their Union might not only be tolerated , but encouraged , by a portion of the middle classes , yet would the same parties be found amongst their bitterest opponents as Boon as the effects of that Union were likely to lead to the emancipation of the toilers . Those who contend , and truly contend , that " Mr . O'Connell has not had a fair trial , " charge the Government ,
amongst other delinquencies , with having fostered and encouraged that agitation by past impunity , which , when it arrived at a ticklish point , they had recourse to every description of trick , partiality , and injustice to subdue . Mr . O'Connell is of importance , because of his political influence ; and therefore he has his political advocates , as well as hi 3 personal supporters ; and through them every mitigating circumstance is brought to bear upon his behalf . But the poor Colliers , eschewing politics altogether , and haviDg few personal frienda beyond their own order , but with fully as good a case as Mr . O'Coahell , are left to fight their own battle against the multiplied powers of their several
oppressors . Let us see if there is not a very striking analogy between the two cases . The Whigs were put out of office in 1841 , and the Repeal movement , which had been allowed to slumber throughout the whole of their pernicious reign , was revived as if by magic Those politicians and that portion of the Press which had been loudest and most uncompromising in opposing the principle , soon changed the note of denunciation into the ' * song of triumph . " " Only
let the old field of dissension , Ireland , be well worked , " said they ; " let that stumbling block—that paramount difficulty in the way of every Administration ( Ireland ) be increased , and we require no defined or specific system of agitation , beyond the impossibility of governing Ireland , to ensure the restoration of Whiggery . " In short , the very parties and their Press who were foremost in enacting Coercion , for the purpose of suppressing tha Repeal movement , were the first to pat Mr . O'Coknell upon the back , when that movement was likely to subserve their
own ews . In 1842 , when all appeals to the different sections of Labour upon behalf of Free Trade had failed , the leaders of the Revolution of that year , —with a keen sense of the power of the Colliers , —threatened the Government , should all other machinations fail , with the complete stoppage of the wheels of Governtnent t by withholding the supply of Coals requisite for working the machinery . And then they , the Free Traders , encouraged the Colliers as follows : — at " a meeting of merchants , manufacturers , and others , " at Manchester , on the 1 st day
of March , 1842 , several [ most inflammatory speeches were delivered ; and in concluding the proceedings of that meeting , John Bright , of Rochdale , who was the Chairman , wound up as follows : — " He believed he might state that some project , of a very comprehensive nature , would be submitted to the manufacturing classes of Lancashire , and the adjoining counties , before long ; such apian as , if fully carried out , would , at any rate , strike terror into the hearts o f those who had lived , and were living , upon the plunder of the people . " This announcement had reference to the
great success achieved by the Sturge lecturers in the Colliery districts of Staffordshire , and the fruits of which success was the transportation of poor Ellis and others , and the long incarceration of Cooper , Linjtey , and others . No doubt exists upon the mind of any man , thai the " moral force " Sfcnrgites playing the political character of the Free Trade farce , led to the ontbreaks in the Midland Counties ; and their object was , as nakedly confessed in their several speeches , to induce the
Colliers to strike as a body . Should the sceptic entertain any , the slightest , doubt upon the subject , let him investigate the conspiracy a little further . All appeals to the House of Commons in the Session of 1842 having failed , the entire body of conspirators assembled in Palace Yard , Westminster , on the 5 th day of July , and continued their sittings in Conference until the 1 st day of August . The business of that Conference was to develop © the strength of their party—the unanimity of the people—and the powers at their oommand for
" ARRESTING THE ! WHEELS OF GOTERHMENT , " and thereby enforcing the concession of their own terms . Maey days were devoted to the reporting of the projects most relied on to ensure success . Letters were read from all parts of the country ^ setting forth the various projects to be most relied upon ; and amongft the most flattering , the most cheering , and feasible , the [ oUowiag proposition was received with the loudest and most unequivocal applause : —
" The League and Anti-Monopoly Associations with tilt assistance of the CaUiers , have the power of cowsuojg ihb AjusiQcaAcr . >» & « than ons
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month , to abolish the Corn Laws altogether , and to compel them also to grant the People ' s Charter . Let the Colliers m all parts of England cease work for A month , and the thing is done ; they have only to insist •» the measures before they go to work again . This is the most simple and efficient measure that could be adopted to get all we want , without spilling a drop of blood , or causing any commotion of any kind . The city of London would be without fuel , ' and all other concerns must COME TO A STAND till it was settled . "
Need we offer another word in justification of the poor Colliers now on strike , than the importance attached to their position and labour by their » NATURAL LEADERS" ! J The above extract , together with thousands breathing the same spirit , was published in almost every newspaper in the kingdom . The Bread Tax Circular was gratuitously disseminated through the colliery districts ; and is it now fair that the same Press , and the same parties , who would have used the Miners ' power to advance their own prospects , should NOW REVILE THEM WHEN THEY WOULD ICRN IT TO ACCOUNT FOB THEMSELVES } !
The extract says : — this is the most simple and efficient measure to get all te want . " Aye , aye ; it was " simple and efficient" when it was to be used to get " all WE want" : but now that the Colliers would use the lesson to get " all THEY want , " it oeasea to be " simple" and M efficient , " and becomes " seditious" and " revolutionary" t The City of London might remftin without fuel , and all other concerns might come to a stand , until the question of Free Trade ' was settled : but how chilling the prospect , that Londou should remain without coaJs until the rightful wages of those who furnish them is " settled" !
In this struggle of Right against Might the Press of the factious has taken part against the " poor oppressed" ; some by the publication of the foulest falsehoods ; others by artful and insiduous representations , wherein the terms offered by the masters are Bet forth as just and honourable , while those demanded by the men are characterised as exorbitant and tyrannical ; all intended to force thepublio miad to the conclusion that the Strike is a mere voluntary act of mischief , instead
of one j imposed oa the workers by the basest and most continuous cruelty and oppression . The leading journals seize upon the question of wages , as though it was the only point in dispute between the contending parties ; and they overlook the just complaints of " false measurement , " " excessive fines , " and the "odious TliUCK system" ; all accumulating an amount of slavish dependency which faction desires to perpetuate , but against which justice has waged a righteous war .
Who that has attended to the representations of the Press ou the Collier ' s Strike , has seen any , the mo 3 t remote , mention of the abuses brought to light by the Thorniey case ! Not even a word about the " quart of foul ; " the fines for which in two days amounted to more than £ 1 2 a ., to be paid out of six shillings wages ! Not a word about 11 tubs" containing three hundred weight more than the amount contracted for , being " laid out 11 and " stolen" by the viewer , although they were duly weighed into the cart of the purchaser . Not a word about the " blunted pivot . " Not a word about " the infernal TRUCK system . " Not a word
about" stinking bacon , " " ranoied cheese , " " adulterated sugar , " " putrid meat , " and " unsound flour , " being severally charged 25 per ceut . above the price of the best articles of the same description I O no ! not a word about "the foul" when the poor slave has to swallow it , as the " foul day ' s wage for the fair day ' s work . " Not a word about all this ; but that contemptible rag , the Durham Chronicle , that had not time , nor brains , nor inclination , to comment upon the atrocities developed in the Thorniey case , can now find ample space to denounce the exertions of the Colliers iu the glotious struggle against these uuparalelled atrocities t
But , hold . We learned from this muckworm , the week before last , that in last week's number Mr . Roberts was to be annihilated . We have not seen the awful anathema ! We are not aware that the judgment for instant execution has gone forth ; but we are irresistibly moved to laughter by the conceit of the self-sufficient cub . We trust that in proportion to the creature ' s poor revilinge , the Colliers will measure the importance of their solicitor .
And , furthermore , we trust that the shopkeepers and merchants , with whom the basest influences have been used to starve their customers into submission , will believe that an honest Collier ' s word for the payment of any debt that he may contract , is a-better ; and more solvent security than the pledge of support of those tyrants who would swallow up the profits of merchants , shopkeepers , and men , without one particle of compunction .
Every branch of Labour looking for justice for itself , has invariably "patted the Miners on tho back , " and explained to thorn their value to society . " Let the Miners but cease work , " said they , " and we must all have our rights . " Well , now , the Miners , thus enoouraged by Free Traders and the various orders of Labour , have ceased work . They have placed themselves iu the foremost ranks of Labour ' s battle ; and where are their roaring supporters to be found , except amongst their own order ? It is the duty , the paramount duty , of EVERY CLASS OF LABOURERS TO AID AND ASSIST THE Minebs * in this " struggle . " It is the duty of those shopkeepers who have made wealth by them , still to trust them . It is the duty of every Money Club
and Trades' Union to leud them a portion of their funds now lying idle in the Banks . Let them toko the Collier ' s'" Labour note" as security ; for they may safely depend on it , that when the battle is over , and the viotory won , not one single ono of Labour ' s notes would be dishonoured . The * ' struggle" that these hardy sons of Labour is engaged in , is one of life or death . They ask but for their rights , and their own order should baok them in the demand . 1 When oppression requires the means for strengthening its hands , men are obliged to contribute however they may complain ; and therefore , though unwilling , they are able to contribute . Should they not then , without compulsion , find a secret pleasure in assisting their own order with their voluntary contributions ? // will be a disaraoe to the M ' mers of
the Empire , if through their neglect and want of support , the brave men ov northumberland and Durham shall be forced into the renewal of the iniquitous costragt proposed by their masters . In many Collieries a great rise in wages has been secured through the independence of the Miners of Northumberland and Durham ; every farthing of the increase they procured belongs of right to those who had been tho means of obtaining it . We believe , however , that the Colliers ask for nothing more than a "clear stage and no favour "; and that they will prefer loans to gifts , as a means of enabling them to fight the battle to its close .
We need not caution them to avoid politics in their present position ; to keep the peace ; and to drive spies and informers ' out of their camp . Commending their case to the consideration of every associated " Trade" in the Empire , and calling for instant aad energetic support from every one of Labour ' s friends , we most heartily call on God to defend the right !
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in Greece , with its [ bloodless Revolution , and the adoption of the new j Constitution by the King : in France , with its general diequiet , and particular disaffection in the army ; with a mass of pent-up boiling elements alii but ready for a violent and fearful explosion , with difficulty repressed by the master-hand of the watchful and vigilant Louis Phillippe : in Spain and Portugal , with their bloody Revolutions ; with their plots and counterplots ; with their alternate successes and defeats ; and with their revolting cruelties and excesses , that disfigure the face of the earth , and mage the " sunny
clime" a perfect hell of horrors : in Prussia , with its ramified spy-system , and with its unpopular monarch ' s dread of " association " : in Gormany , with its Governmental crusade against" communtfm " , and with its Governors any thing but easy in their seats : in Italy , lwith the Papal people revolting against the temporal and secular government of the Pope : in America , ! with its deadly fight against the " monied order , " as evinced in the endeavour to elect Martin Van Buren to the Presidental chair , to the exclusion of William Clay , the advocate of " bank monopoly , " and ( intrinsically ) worthless " shin
plaster" " rags" by means of which , whea " instituted , " the value of labour and accumulated property can be altered at \ will , and the unprincipled speculator and tho gambler enabled to clutch that which should reward honest industry , or enable the retired worker to live in peace and affluence ; and evinced , too , in the holy and patriotic iffort to apply the nation ' s lands to the use and behoof of the entire people : in Ireland , with her efforts to secure Legislative Independence , and rid herself of the
crushing incubus of a State Church : in England , with her " struggle" for Legislative Power to the masses ; for alleviation of social misery ; for time to the young factory toiler to learn the duties of a human being ; for the rescue of the mothers and daughters of our people from a worse than Egyptian bondage : in all these states and nations , we but behold the workings of the same principle ; the different phases and forms of the same mighty MOVEMENT to i
" Mat' the , world better yet I " to rescue humanity from the thraldom and vass&lage to which it has beea subjected , and to place the " lord of the creation" in the position nature designed him to occupy—enabled to maintain the dignity , and assert all the prerogatives , of man . " There ia amidst the earth gone forth , to set the Nations free , A giant spirit whom even Time Eeems half amazed to Bee . His look hath power to scatter light j his touch to sever chains ; And Tyrants tremble on their thrones ; and Bigotry complains . "
It has been our end ; and aim to make this Journal an Organ of the Movement—to make it the register of the efforts made by the " Men of the Progress , " and to aid in the Propagandi . Necessarily our attention has been mainly directed to home endeavours . Immediately mixed up with Labour ' s " struggles" ; placed , as we have been , in the midst of them ; anxious to render them successful , and to guard against the machinations of tke enemy and the deceptions ot false and hollow friends , by far the greatest attention has been paid by the conductors of the Northern Star to the British portion of the
general , but unconcerted , Movement . Indeed , for a long period regard was almost exclusively had to British exertion ; and little pains taken to make the English Democrat aware of the part that was being played by his brethren oa the different stages of tho political world . This defect in what hag always emphatically been intended to be a Journal of the Movement , has , to a great extent , been latterly remedied . Besides chronicling the " sayings and doings" of the English " Men of the Progress , " the Northern Star has lately endeavoured to let the English working man commune with the "
struggling" portion of his " order" in all parts of the world ; to give him , and them , a knowledge of their respective efforts ia aid of tho same holy causa ; recording their successes to exhilerate the toiling , to animate the apathetic , and to confirm the wavering ; and setting forth their defeats as beacons to warn where to pause , and where to avoid . We have endeavoured to render the Northern Star what it professes to be : a record of the Movement both at home and abroad . In this we are proud ; to learn that we have been somewhat successful , j We know that the Slar finds
its way into almost jail civilized States ; but particularly into the States of Europe and America : and we also know that it is doing there , what our notice of Foreign Democratic Movements is doing here at home ; making the different sections of the Grand Army acquainted with their respective operations and tactics , and enabling all to value the importance of ' the conflict iu which they are severally engaged as one of universal moment . It prides ua to learn that oar means of usefulness in this department are likely to be
considerably increased . What we have done , has induced those who can aid us to make honourable and willing offer of service . Not long ago we gave in successive numbers of the Star an interesting and eloquent exposition of " Continential Communism' * from the pen of one who was master of his subject , because he knew the facts with which he made the public acquainted . The insertion of those valuable papers , and tho pursuance of our general policy to record Foreign Movements in aid of Labour's cause , has induced the writer of the aforenamed exposition , to make a proposal in I the following terms : —
11 1 propose furnishing you with reports concerning the progress of the movement party on the Continent for the Star , extracts from the Gorman papers , and of my correspondence with well informed men in Paris and Germany . I see ) with pleasure , that your paper contains more and better informatiou about the Btate of public opinion in France than all other English papers together ; and , should like to place you in the same position as far as regards Germany . The
political state of Germany is becoming more important every day . We shall have a revolution there very shortly , which cannot but end in the establishment of a Federal Republic . At the same time , I shall not confine myself to Germany , but report to you everything about Switzerland , Austria , Italy , Russia , &c , which will be'likely to prove interesting to your readers ; and 1 shall leave it entirely to yourself to make what use you think proper of the materials furnished by me . "
With alacrity we jaccept the offer of our friend . With him , we believe that the Continent of Europe will shortly be the soena of startling and important events in connexion with tho world ' s progression ; and to have it in our power to give the English Democrats correct notions of tho several movements madethe end and aim of the parties engaged iu themtheir probable tendency , and the chances of success or failure , will indeed ; be of value and use .
Aad while we shall thus bo enabled to detail the doings of the Movement party in our own quarter of the globe , we are endeavouring to obtain the means of making the English workman better acquainted with the actual realities of American society and American institutions—with the nature of the efforts made by j their different political parties . Hitherto the millions of both countries have been in great ignorance of each other . It shall be our business to make them better acquainted . Was it of no use to be able to detail to the toilers of this country the nature of the land Movement , so fully sec forth in our two last Numbers ! Can any man read the " Report" inserted last week , and not learn
a never-to-be-forgottbn lesson ? Is it not of moment for tho advocates of Protection to Labour in this our land , to learn that the self-same causes that have reduced our once well-fed population to misery and want , are having a similar effect on the young society of the ! American States ! Will no advantage be derived from a knowledge of the fact , that the power of coining in the bands of an irresponsible " corporation ; " that tho " circulation" of valueless " promises-to pay , "— "expanded * t 6-a % y •' contracted" to-morrow , —all the while alteringthe value of things , and silently sliding them out of the hands of their rightful possessors into the sacts of the gambling sharper and the reckless speculator ; thai the working of machinery without due regula-
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tion and restraint ; that the "intense" action of the principle of unrestrained competition : will it not be of advantage to know that these thiag 3 cannot exist , even in a new state—among a young people blessed with natural means and powers almost illimitablewith a soil comparatively unappropriated—with no " surplus population , " as far as the land is cos * oerned : will it not be of advantage to know that even among such a people , so circumstanced , tha the causes that have dimmed our " glory" and almost eclipsed our " greatness'' are producing like
effects , and forcing them to demand the application of our remedies , for their restoration to health and peace 1 Our ambition ever has been to make the Northern Star a real Organ for the movement party . This character it has attained , and maintained , better than any Journal ever yet established ; and we have full confidence that the kind offer , and the other arrangements which we now speak of , will enable us to extend its usefulness and value in a great degree .
Other and important arrangements are in progress , to enable us to make our home position much better than it hitherto has been ; and to present the readers ef the Star with a Journal second to none for the earliness and extent of its news ; while is many important particulars , its pages will alone have to be consulted by the politician to learn what is going on . In a short time we shall announce what these other arrangements are .
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MORE LIBERATIONS OF MINERS . Again has the " Attorney-General of the Miners' * succeeded in restoring the unjustly-made captive to liberty , through -the operation of the law , when enforced by the Judges of the land . The following are the particulars of the cases : — REG . V . EDWIN COPESTICK . ¦ On the 29 th ult ., Mr . W . P . Roberts was successful iu obtaining a rule absolute , of the Court of Queen ' s Bench , for the immediate discharge ef Edwin Copestick , committed to the House of Cor * rection at Derby , for neglect of werk ; and the rule was forwarded to the gaoler the same evening . Mr . R . al ? o on Tuesday obtained the discharge of Tordoff , Fisher , Hirberfc , Green , and Priestley , from Wakefield Gaol , and the rule was sent down , on Tuesday evening .
The cases of the above men , with those of four others in Leicester Gaol , were very fully argued before the four Judges , on Monday , by Messrs . Bodkin , Huddlestone , and Fry for the prisoners , and Messrs . Eale , Whitehurst , Overend , and Yardley for the Justices and proseoutorB , upon the informality of the warrants of commitment , when the Court made the rule absolute for the discharge of Edwin Copestick immediately , but took time to consider the cases of the Wakefield men , and on Tuesday gave judgment in their favour , making the rule absolute for their discbarge also .
The Leicester men were remanded to prison , although the warrants upon which they were first sent to prison on the 8 th , were equally informal and admitted to be so by the prosecutor ' s counsel ; the Justice , however , at Leicester having , on the 15 th April , substituted fresh warrants in lieu of them , under which warrants the Court was of opinion the prisoners were now legally detained , and not under the first , the Judges could not order their discharge ; bat the Court intimated that the prisoners , having been illegally in custody from the 8 th until the 15 th of April , had their remedy by action . We understand that in accordance with the opinion of the Court , Mr . Roberts has already taken the necessary steps to commence action against the Justices for false imprisonment , so thai he has more than succeeded even in the Leicester
case . Lord Denman , that constitutional Judges and his brothers of the Queen ' s Bench , will bring the Dogberries to their senses at last .
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TRIUMPH FOR LABOUR ! GOVERNMENT DEFEATED ! THE DAMNABLE BILL CRUSHED ! Hurrah for Labour ! Hurrah for Duncombe ! Hurrah for Ourselves I The atrocious attempt to render Labour fully subjugate to Capital has been thwarted ! has been foiled ! has been defeated ! The infamous Master and Servants' Bill ' , the measure which has created such consternation and activity among tb © " Trades" of this kingdom ; the measure that was introduced under the sanctified pretence of
enabling the operative to recover bis wages , and which had the sting so deceptively introduced ; tha measure that was " brought in" by three private members at the instigation of Government , so that suspicion might not be awakened ; the measure that Government felt themselves compelled to father at last , that it might receive efficient support , and be saved from its doom : the atrocious measure , so introduced , and so supported , has been kicked out I crushed ! The voice of the labourer has been listened to ; and Government in their effort to make him a very slave to his employer , has been defeated !
Thanks to Mr . Buncombe , who gallantly led on the opposition ! and thanks to the Members of all parties who nobly supported him , and achieved a triumph for Labour in the prevention of the horrible infliction I The Report of the proceedings on Wednesday night , when the death-blow was given to the Monstrosity , will be found in another part . To Mr . Duncombe ' s speech we call especial attention . The reasons he adduces against the atrocious proposal are strong and conclusive . Indeed they must have been deemed so : for , on a division taking place onhis motion , that" the Bill be read that day six months , * the votes were : —
For Mr . Dnncombe ' s Amendment 97 For Ministers and the Bill 54 Majority against Ministers ... 43 Thus are Ministers again in a minority ! Strange fact , but it is so , that the only instances of the Government being in minorities have been ou Labour questions . They were twice defeated on the Ten Hours' Clanse in the Factory Bill ; and they have not
yet made good their lost ground . They are now defeated again : and this defeat will preblude them from introducing Masters ond Servants' Bill No . 2 . For this Session , at least , the monster is strangled ; and it is much if the lesson read to the Government does not prevent any attempt at future resuscitation . Sir James Graham must come the "Factory Bill dodge" this time I
For ourselves , of ourselves , we must say a word . To this Journal belongs the high honour of having detacted the Monster in its first stage of progress towards life , and of having exposed to tho world its nature and intent . Had it not been for the Northern Star , T . S . Duhcombe , Esq . M . P , and Mr . Ro » erts , the Masters and Servants' Bill
would assuredly have become law . It devolved upon us to raise the country to action : it devolved upon the other gentlemen to dirett that aotion to a successful issue . The } object is accomplished ! The country responded to our call . Backed by the pnblio voice , Mr . Duncombe has hurled his stone at the Master ' s head and laid ifc low I
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The Poets , —The " Ancient Farm , " " Lines on tin Tiflit of Mr . O'Connor to ABhton , " " A Ten Hours ' Bill Song , " « Lilies by Beeves , " and " Hurrah fer the Charter , " declineov " An Myl to the Moon" is too - lengthy for our columns . " Strangers to Spring ' respectfully declined . J . TAiLOR , Sheffield -VWe are surprised , after the result of Mr . iscariot Mania ' s attempt to deceive us and the public with poetry professing to be bis own , whioh . be had . stolen from another mas , that an ? ; one elsa should b * found so foolish as to follow htt hia example . The lines J . Taylor sends us , commeJio'¦¦• inB-r '' ::. . ; . . ¦ ¦ ' / . . ¦ ' ' " In liberty's cause I could yield up my life , Tia bondage tbat renders it base , " . appitoed in print many years ago , and have been sung , we should tninfe , at every democratic festival in tB 0 nation years before the Charter was heard of . M . Nudd . —We have no room .
The Nobthern Stab, And The Colliers On Stb1ke.
THE NOBTHERN STAB , AND THE COLLIERS ON STB 1 KE .
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THE "MOVEMENT , " AT HOME AND ABROAD . Events passing before the eye of the most casual observer show , most conclusively , that society , in all parts of the " civilised" world , is either preparing for , or undergoing , great change ; that a Movement of mighty import is universally engaged in—a Movement having for its end and aim the assertion and establishment of the principle of Democracy over its antithesis , the principle of Aristocracy ; a Movement to secure for , the millions some portion ot the blessings and benefits which ihe abundant earth has in plenty for all , were man ' s institutions bo framed as U > allow of their juat and sgaitable distribution . Look into whatever fsxt of the " civilized" eaiih we way , we see the earns " struggle" iu progress
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4 _ THE NORTHERN STAR . \ May 4 , 1843 . ¦ ^^^~^^— ~ - ^ - - ^—^> i ^^ " ^™ ' I ¦ - — - ii . —^~ . _ . ¦¦ - — . » .. , . __ . ¦ . 1 . ¦ ¦ —— . ¦ . ¦» ¦ ill ii — ¦ ^—^^^ ¦ Mllll » iai'i LIL » l « . ¦ . ' ill ¦ —¦—^——_^^^_^ . — —_ _ -., ¦¦ ¦¦ _^^^_^^^_^___^^__^__^ J _^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 4, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1262/page/4/
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