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STo ISea&crjs ana ®ormfpomr*Mg
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®ht 3?r&!> gSobWAtnt.
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, AUGUST 24, 1844.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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REPEAL ASSOCIATION- -Mokdat . i 35 je nsnal weekly meeting of the Association wsb bdd : &ia day , in the Conciliation HalL - The chair was taken bj B . D "/ li , 053 b . 0 "wse , Esq , 2 LP- - The Chaismab addressed P Je meeting at some length on the Charitable BeqaEBts ? J" ^ 531 , -which he denounced in tire most emphatic terms , j ^ d Mated that if the Imh Members nad exhibited fte least opposition to the TOB&nire , it ¦ would not taTS became the law of the land . In the course of *¦ jie many interviews he b ad -with lord -Eiiot on the » n > jject , his lordship unequivocally stated that if it wer a tha -wish of the Iran Members , be 'would either w 5 . thdraw the Bill , or , at all events , postpone it
Mx . Dasiel O coskeli . said , tint before the bnsi . ness of the day commenced , be tad to movB a resolo- lion adopted d j tbe Parliamentary Committee , and ¦ which , fce was roi 6 » ould meet « itto ths hearty c : m- carrsice of tr ^ meeting . The Honourable Gentleman tfeeB read 0 je following lesolHtioa , and moTed its « d « ptioni— " •* J » ailiame utary Committee , Loyal National Repeal Assoda' ioa . Com Exchange Rooms , . Dafelin , Aug . 16 . \ ••• Reso '/ red—That ire cannot separate , even for a short ; ¦ period , without our most marked and gratef nl thanks ' ; '
to our respected Chairman , William' Smith O'Brien , j Esq ., " ' jLP ., for the serriees which he has rendered to Xrelar . il , not only by his powerfol and unanswerable i adTOf acy of the rights of his country in P&rliaraent , bnt j ¦ f or t ' ae still greater Benefits he has conferred Bpon us by j bis constant ana -nnreniitting attendance upon this ( tie j Parliamentary ) Committee , whereby we were enabled to " get through a vast quantity of business of the highest : iwportance to t £ e Bepeal cause ; which , but fer his most Invaluable assistance , we neTer conld haveficeomplished . j J * assed unanimously . ¦ ' " ThokaS Da * is , Chairman . " j '¦ i I I : :
The country knew full well the Talue of the services ; ol Mr . Smith O'Brien—they were beyond all praise . j Dr . 'Mttbpht seconded the adoption of t » e resolu- \ tion , which passed amidst the loudest demonstrations of applause . : Mr . T . M'Neyi * ( barrister ) bronchi forward a report ! on the " hurrying of bills through Parliament , " and then commented on the indecent haste with which \ EieaEUies , particularly those having reference to Ire- j land , "were pasted on the termination of tfce session , j ¦ whilst the early part of it was spent with little or no advantage to the country . Tfce Learned Gentleman referred to the alteration in the sentiments of Sir j Robert Peel towards Ireland , and expressed his con- j Tictiots that they could not expect sincerity from a j Ticuots teat tcey couia not expect sincerity irom a ;
sts tears an educated in the school of an Eldon . I Mr . O'Cossm . then rese to make his weekly re- "torn from the prison . He had to repea . 5 his n-ual re- ; port of the health and spirits of the imprisoned mar-: tyrs . They were perfectly-well and full of hope . It ; waa Htely , in all appearance , that Ea gland would want '; the lion heart and stout aim of Ireland , and she cculd . easily procure both the one . and the other , not by tfce : means of ihe plauaible hypocrisy and sweet words of Sir Robert Peel , but by the substantial instrumentality of doing justice to the Irish , He conld state of his ' own knowledge that Hr . OConaell felt the deepest tbgret at not being present in the Bepeal Association that day , to join in the rote of national gratitude to Mr . ] Smith O'Brien . Hia opinion , he knew ,-was , that it was : Bot possible to find words sufficiently strong to msrk ;
tie pre-eminent valn&of that gentleman ' s services in the i cause of Ireland . He thoneht it quite providential that a gentleman of Mr . Smith O'Brien ' s high character ,, sank , family , and station in society , and of hia gieat ; talents and 'unimpescha . ble personal and political in- ] tegrity should be at the head of the Repeal movement » t the present moment . It was of the greatest advantage that the leader of the Bapeal movement at present should be a Protestant gentleman of ancient family , ilr . Smith O'Brien , therefore , had a ^ l the ingredients of great public utility , ar-d he had sterling . patriotism to render these ingredients ayaiiable for Ireland . He conld state it to be ^ the opinion of Mr . O'Connell that the association should take steps to get si many persons as possible , not being already pledged teetotallers , to take the abstinence pledge for a limited
pariod—that is , until the K psal of tke "Dnion- Mr . O'Connell had consulted Father Mathew ,- -who appro-Ted « f the limited plan for those who wauld not tafee the pledge for life . Four of Mr . O'Conneil ' s grandsons had already taken it in the limited shape , and Mr . Smith O'Brien upon his return from the country ¦ would probably shape a notion / or an aggmjate meeting at CloDtarf , or some other suitable vicinity , to admiiaiter " The Repeal Total Abstinence Pledga" He Is 2 d also reason to know that Mr . O'Connell concurred in another suggestion of Mx . Smith O ^ Briec to have tether pledge taken , as TniiTerEaHy as possible , against the consumption of tobacco in any shape until the * Repeal of the TJnion . last pledge , if universally , or even tenerslly taken , would hare a great effect npon the minds of British statesmen in favonr ' of doing justice to Ireland . He knew that it was the inte : tion
of Mr- O Coanfell himself upon the 30 th of May , ISii ,, to institute a pledge for the non-confunption of excise- ¦; able sr-idfcs in Ireland , and also a p ! edge-for the non- ; ase of any article not of Irish manufacture . All tb ? se ' pledges -would be upon the same footing as the total abstinence pledge . In reporting to the association the ¦ state of the imprisoned martyrs , he had distinctly to state of his o-wn knowledge , tbat noth ng could give mere pleasure and comfort to them than the con timed tranquillity of Ireland . How insane must the policy of \ tiie British minister be to think that he can deju . de sach a people by hypocritical pretences and plausible , "Words , and how much more than insane must he be to refuse thai people justice and constitutional frt ; 3 om . j Afver some further business , Mr . Henry Gratlan anxoonced tte rent for the week , £ 1 , 162 3 a . 9 i i The meeung then adjourned .
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Wal-wob . 5 h .-Gb . xat ExTB ^ SlOI ^ or the Franchise At a meeting held at the Montpelier Tavern , on Monday evening last , the 12 th inst ., Mr . John Simpson , the Registration Secretary , announced that he bad been applied to , and supplied , forms of claims to be rated to two out of every five in the districtfloud cbeers ) . And that they also had a great accession of members to the National Charter Association in that district The one of Jeokin Morgan was then brought forward and ably supported by Messrs . Sewell , Simp * son , and Rhodes , and twenty shillings -was ordered to be transmitted to Feargos O'Connor , on his behalf . The meeting then adjourned until Monday next , the ISth inst .
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MORE LETTER OPENING . FORCE OF "EXAMPLE" STRONGER THAN PRECEPT . Is another part of the Star will be found the particulars of some more astounding revelations respecting the opening of letters entrusted to the Post-cffice authorities or safe and speedj conveyance . The force of example is in the new case most strikingly exemplified . Sir James Graham and the other Secretaries 0 / Stale have opened , or caused 10 be opened , those letters of the Lieges that the ; thought would contain information worth knowing * .
and their example has been naturally folio wed by the " lower order" of Post- office officials . It is true that in the latter case , the farce of warrants has been dispensed with . There was none of that humbug . The men wanted to get into the inside of 1 he letters ; and therefore went straightforward to work . They opened them ; copied of their contents what they deemed serviceable to their imerestB , closed them up again , and delivered them to their owners , as in due course . N » w , in all this , the ; but followed -what they knew was regalarlv done in the " inner or secret office , " with this little difference : they had no " warrant" on whieh to Bland " BtspoKsiBiLiTT , " should their tricks be discovered . They were not able to shelter themselves behind the dignity ef high official silence , and refuse " all
information" en the ground that " the warrant ' ha 4 been withdrawn . The letters entrusted to them contained secrets . or information that would materially serve them . They knew that Sir James Gbaham , when he wanted the secrete { ot the Chartists , cpesed their letters to obtain them : and they , therefore , just went the same way to work . All the appliances of the " inner , or secret office" were put in requisition : the Bteaming of wafers ; the plaster-cast impression of seals wherewith to re-seal the opened epistles ; the FiurD and the porgsby were all there , and were quite as efficacious in the hands of the sorters and carriers on their own account as when used for Sir James Gbaham in the " inner" place , under the sanction of a warrant . "
It is well that this last exposure has been made just now ; and that the letters opened happen to be those of noblemen and " gentlemen . " It will go a great way in convincing the "higher orders" of the necessity of doing away with the entire practice of letter-opening , whether with " warrant" or without . It might be all very well for Secretaries of State to open the letters of " ragged radicals , " and get to know vihen the Thames was to be fired , or the fifth of-November plot ** carried out , " could the matter of letter-opening stop thebs : but for Sir George B . ekti > tk ' s letters , and those of Colone * Peel , and those of all the other lordJy and
gentlemanly associates of " blackguards" —( Baron Aldevl sox beiag the witness ); for their letters to be opened , —it is unendurable . And the worst of it is , that the one practice spring 3 out of the other . The example is contagious ; and the letters of " my . Lord BooBr '» or" Sir James Blackligs' * can only be respected and safe , vthen those of Tom Hatexsx or Sam Antitithe are respected also . The recent exposure therefore , will do " a power of good" in setting the " lords and gentleman" of the State against the entire practice , seeing that in its entire abolition with a severe penalty on its commission , is alone to be foand their security .
In the Times of Wednesday appeared the following bard-hitting article , to every word of which we heartily subscribe : — There is something exceedingly provoking in a coarse likeness , such as these tricks of these low Postoffice underlings give of the high and genteel prying of their Blasters . Sir JameB Graham will now see the letter carrier tip him the wink as he passes , and announce his initiation into the fashionable mystery . A brotherhood in the Bane craft has a very equalizing , levtliing tendency ; aad we haTti no doubt the new
adepts at the game of ' * peep ** think themselves very cL-ver fellows , and aim at giving that statemanUka and Home-Secretary character to the lower department of the Post-office which has been ao conspicuous in the higher . They make a higk-life-below-stairs of it , we have no donbt ; and my Lords of the Treasury and the Chancellor of the Exchequer , and the Secretaries of State of the letter-carrying sphere , bandy jokes and compliments upon their respective pieces of political ioteiiigeoce respecting Runniug Rein and the favourites at TaitersalTs . . Low life will Imitate fashion . The
COSCbxr-an acts raj Lord Dake , and the groom Sir John , and the footman Sir John ' s brother ; they give themselves airs and talk big : and the housemaids personify Lady Mary and Lady Fanny , and mince without their aspirates . This Posl-i / ffice disclosure is a natural piece of imitation ; and the refinements of prying and peering , and softening the seal , and all tfjtse agreeable little stratagems , are the humble port and imperial tokay of these new class of letter-carrier diplomatists . This is an unfortunate piece of business , we must , say , to Sir James Graham . He will feel himself rather in the situation of that fine geuUeman -who was persfecnted in every place he went by av 3 exact likeness of himself in
the shape of & barbert apprentice . Tee unfortunate dandy could not get away froti this disagreeable counterpart . If he darted off by the first coach to the first town that came into bis heatf , then the ntxt morning , as sure as fate , appeared at his heel , the barber ' s apprentice , with exactly the same cut of coat , tie of cravat , boot , swagger , and cane . The whole barber fraternity who met him refused to be cheated out of the evidence of their senses , and shook hands with him furiously . Vain were all his protestations -, it was no use denying it ; he was a barber , and the pride of the profession : he must receive their embraces . Sir J . Graham now shines as the tip top man of the new race of letter carriers , the pride and ornament of his profession , looked up to as a model , the head of the guild and fraternity of eealbreakers , peepers , and pryers . We hope he -will not be stifi and haughty to his new friends .
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of dissimulation and deceit ; and the greatest adept at these gets the rewards of praise , and wealth , and honour for his success . Yet , amongst it all , we may at times hear the voice of the charmer . We may at times hear , and see , plain-spoken truth in the garb of fcinoerity . Nay we may even see u philosophy " herself in her own dress . Behold here she is ! J d the Editor of the Times . Sir , —The poor are becoming an intolerable nuisance , a shoal of vermin , an army of locustsevery paper you publish contains proof of it . Su * ely , those persons to whom God has given incomes of £ 100 , £ 200 , £ 500 , £ 1 , 000 , and upwards per annum .
ought to be protected against this intolerable evil . Formerly it did not matter much ; men had hearts and stomachs that could not be turned with a trifle ; but things are altered . Now-a-days the process of acquiring £ 100 , £ 200 , £ 500 , £ 1 , 000 , and upwards per annum , completely ossifies the heart , and turnB the bowels of compassion into whit-le » ther or something quite as tough . Nothing is left to the possessors of those very pleasant-looking sums of money but a high sense of personal comfort , and a thorough knowledge of the value of money . Can any good reason be assigned why they should have their feelings outraged ? It is done daily . What is so
hideous as the wailing of a parcel of ghost-like ragged wretches i It is worse than a dog at the dead of night howling under one ' s window . It is inconsistent with every notion of comfort , and , strange to say , is still tolerated . What is so grating to the feelings of the sharp , bueiness-like man of money , the egg-shearer , the flint-skinner , the man of email profits aud quick returns , aa to be asked for money for the poor ? It is asking him to make a bad debt , to sink the principal without interest . The world grows wiser and wiser every day . " A penny saved is a penny got . " He sees the folly of it . You had better ask him for a row of his double teeth next . It would be quite as reasonable .
Every other nuisance can be done away withwhalebone manufactories , vitriol works , bone boiling establishments , knackers' yardd , &c , as soon as they are found annoying . Ttie spirit of Scotch philosophy , speaking through the mouths of those on whom God had showerod © very worldly blessing , asks if 1 the nuisance ot the poor oannot be extinguished ! Geatle spirit !—( for there is not the semblance of humanity about thec—a drop of warm blood does not flow in th y veinp)—sweet genius of water-gruel , listen to me , 111 gladden thy heart if thou hast one . I have a remedy . It is worthy of the minister . It is a plan for abolishing the poor or making them support themselves . It is a sure and certain
cure . The wisdom wbioh called into existence the New Poor Law has ascertained exactly upon how little sustenance soul and body will hang together . The wisdom of our forefathers was nothing to this . The knowledge of this will save a deal of trouble , as it gives a starting point to my scheme . I propose to commence at starvation point , and gradually diminish , day by day , the amouut of rations served
out to the poor , until death steps in for his claim . As soon as a pauper shall die , I propose that a blaok flag shall be hoisted ou the workhouse to notify to the surgeons and medical students that there is a subject for- sale , such subjeot to be sold by auction to the highest bidder , or be ra filed for , as the guardians may deem fit . I know the remarks that will be made about the feelings of the poor , but that ' s all nonsense . Don ' t talk of a man wituout a shirt having feelings .
If the supply of subjects should exceed the demand , they can be exported to France , Germany , &o ., the proceeds to go to pay for gruel for the living ; and if it is inadequate , the gruel to be stopped until further deaths ensue . It will be perfectly self-regulating . I apprehend that the hole-and-corner remnant of Christianity will exclaim indignantly against my projeot , but philosophy—and I contend that my scheme is perfeotly philosophical—may be safely backed is these times against Christianity . Ready money is more potent than religion . Malthus and Co . have floored the Bible ; ' their precepts have smothered those of the New Testament . Charity has knocked under . The minds of men have become
better disciplined than before ; the machinery of their hearts is much , improved—better regulated ; there are no sudden impulses of humanity—no explosions of benevolence . Men never criminate themselves now by building almshoupes , like the simpletons of former daye , when money was money . Society has changed altogether , and the new system requires that the poor Bhould be abolished , or keep themselves to themselves . I pique myself not a little in being the first to suggest the mode ; though , in honesty to my ' very numerous fellow-despisers of the poor , I must confess that the notion is not altogether original . It has long been entertained and partially acted upon . I am your obedient servant , London , August 17 . No . I .
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rulers—that , mourn as we must over the blindness and selfishness of those who have sold themselves to the capitalists to do the work of mercenaries in crushing their brethren , still , when we remember their previous position , and reflect on the arts employed by the villains who have entrapped- them into their present course ; the mass of lies and corruption used to ensnare them ; we turn from the contemplation of their insanity with a feeling something akin to ; pity , to vent our burning indignation upon the miscreants who , through blood and tears , and over broken hearts and wrecked hopes , climb the heights of fortune , . and build up their princely wealth upon j the misery and degradation of their fellow-creatures .
The first aews of the Coal Kings' viotory announced that although the men of the Tyne still held out , they would be " compelled" to yield in a' few days . The extract from the Times , given above , dated Newcastle , Saturday , states that the strike is at an end , on the Tyne as well as the Wear . For this it appears there was some foundation when the Times correspondent wrote , as will be seen from the following extraot from the letter of our own correspondent : — i
" A Delegate Meeting was held at Newcastle on Thursday and Friday last , when it was resolved' That each colliery go to work , and make the best agreement they can . ' The cause of this resolve was , 1 st , want of support ; 2 nd , influx of strangers from Wales , Ireland , and from several English counties ; 3 rd , because most of the collieries on the Wear aud Tees had returned to work during that week . " Thus far , | then , " victory sat on the " helm" of the Coal-kings : but ., anything but wise on their " tbiumph , " they began at once to make the men feel the effects of their defeat by heaping contumely and
insult on them in every possible shape . This exasperated the men , who turned out again at a number of collieries ! ' and , lo ! before the Coal-kings have done chaunting their " songs of triumph , '' behold , they find themselves attaoked again by a band of men maddened by defeat , and burning to retrieve the discomfiture forced upen them . While we write , this second Strike is spreading . The 11 fiery cross" is speeding over the hills of Northumberland and Durham , ' summoning the men to a renewal of the conflict , aa our readers will see by the following letter , dated Newcastle , Tuesday .
" Since I last wrote , a re-action has taken place . A great meeting was held yesterday ( Monday ) on Scaffold-hill . ; There were twenty-seven Collieries present , and it was unanimously resolved not to return to work , but to fight out the battle to the last ; to make a fresh appeal to the Trader for support , and to send ( at least ) two delegates from each of the Tyne collieries into the Wear and Tees districts to endeavour to ; get the men to rally and come out again . Messrs . Simpson , Haswell , Faweett , Henderson and Hardy were the speakers ; Mr . Roberts also addresed the meeting . A delegate meeting was held immediately after to make arrangements to carry out their plans . While I am writing the
delegates are meeting iu the next room , and are about to start to agitate the oouuty of Durham . As regards the Tyne Collieries they are as determined as ever . If thelTrades would only come out and support these noble fellows , I am confident they would win yet . If ( other papers had done their duty like the Star , this supportfwould have been obtained . Your advocacy of these brave men has secured to you their eternal gratitude . Need I say you have my grateful thanks . The cause of this ' new-move and spirit is the insulting and oppressive treatment and terms which the masters offered the men . Some of them having cajoled the men to accept their , terms , turned round and showed them a better and different agreement , telling them tbiumphamly , " yod
WOULD HAVE GOT THIS AGREEMENT IF YOU HAD stood out A < little longer ! " This and many acts of gross tyranny has brought this re-action about , and inspired them with renewed spirit aud determination . "
MORE OF THE RE-ACTION . Since the above came to hand , we have received the following important communication , detailing the further proceedings of the Mineis : — " Newcastlle , WEDNESD . vY . ' -Nothing can possibly exceed ; the enthusiasm of the brave Colliers . On Tuesday afternoon , a large meeting was held at Haswell Colliery . W . P . Roberts , Esq ., and Mr . Beesley met the men , who , with one simultaneous shout , welcomed their presence , and an hearty and
unanimous declaration to strictly abide by their counsel was adopted . Messrs . Roberts and Beesley proceeded to Wingate Grange , where a meeting was being held . Mr . Thomas Pratt ' s address was interrupted by long , loud , and continued cheering as they entered—enthusiastic beyond description . Mr . Wm . Beesley then addressed the meeting about an hour , and assured them that while the largest Collieries of the North , Wingate Grange . Haswell , Shotton Moor , $ £ c , remained firm to the Union , no fear could be reasonably entertained as to the result .
" Mr . Roberta also addressed the meeting at considerable length , and nothing could possibly exceed the enthusiastic feeling displayed by the meeting . A resolution was unanimously come to , to support unimpaired their Law Establishment , and . not swerve one io » afrom the advice of their worthy Attorney-General . Mr . Roberts and Mr . Beesley were pressingly invited to attend a general meeting to be holden on Saturday week . Mr . Roberts explained that he had arranged for Mr . Beesley to prosecute a tour of extermination against the abominable Truck System ; fo that it wonld not be in his power to attend . For ! himself ( Mr . R . ) he was about to proceed to a delegate meeting in Scotland , but would eadeavouT . to be present at their general meeting . "
From the I above it will be seen that the Mine Molochs have been hallooing before they were well out of the wood ; and that they have yet not the least portion ! of their work to do in conquering—if they can—by far the most formidable section of the Tyne Miners . If the men of Northumberland and Durham are true to their own noble characters , achieved by j so much heroic suffering , one of two things must be : either that those who have returned to work wilt again turn out , or otherwise they wilj support with pecuniary aid those who have fearlessly determined to continue the battle . In either case the struggle is not likely to be brought to an
immediate conclusion , unless by the concession to the men of their just demands . One thing is cheering . There are facts before us which lead us to believe , however this Becond strike may terminate , the Union will be supported at all hazards . " There can be no doubt , " says the Times correspondent , " that the Miners' Union will be entirely broken up and Messrs . Roberts and Beesley ' s occupation gone . "' The " wish was father to the thought . " " no doubt" ; but , notwithstand ing , it is ; not at all likely to be realised . We have a communication before us from the Coxhoe collier ? , who we suppose , ( we have no certain know .
ledge of the fact)—have returned to work ; but who , if they have , seem to be resolutely determined to uphold the Union . It appears six of their men were undtr the necessity of seeking work elsewhere . They travelled from colliery to colliery iu quest of employment but in vain . They were marked men I As soon as they had told their names , the answer invariably was , " Go about your business , you belong to the Union ); go to Roberts , and the delegates , and see what they'll do for you" I Thus situated the men were compelled to apply for parish relief . They went to the overseer of Coxhoe parish , a fellow named Roxby . They told him they had no work and could get none , and that their families were
starving . Our correspondent gives the sequel as follows : — > " He hesitated a little at first , but told them to sit dowa and continue peaceable until he could wait upon them . Aud what did he do ? Did he fill their bellies 1 Did he send a supply to their starving families ! No . They asked for bread , but he gave them scorpions ! While they were bitting peaceably , he had secretly sent away for six of those bloodhounds- —six of those blue , brutal police , who , when they came , took the poor starving men by the throat , pushed them to the door , and ordered them home , under threat of taking them to prison I "
Happy England ! " The land of the brave , and the home of the free !" What say the Coxhoe men to this \ " This you will perceive is expected to do away with ihe Miners' Association . This is expected to destroy the Union , but we bog to inform the public , and especially the Northern grasp-alls—the bloodsuckers of the coal-trade office , that the Union is not dead ; and that as soon as we recover our strength , and that will not be long first , we will give them another rally ! They shall know . the length and duration of the monthly bond . We will flag them with the whip they have made themselves . We have got a knowledge of our rights , and , sooner or later , are determined to possess them . "
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That ' s the spirit , inspired by which the Miner must ultimately be victors in their righteous struggle " Labour ' s battle , once begun , B ^ taeatta'A by Dleedinsr sire to sen . Though ba / ffsd oft , IS ever won J " Once more U is oar painful task to appeal to the pubiiofor their support of these gallant men . The Miners of Northumberland and Durham , no matter what may be the final issue of this ftruggle HAVE EARNED FOB THEMSELVES AN IMPEBISH . able reputation by their conduct through tha
past nineteen weeks' struggle . Exposed to every incentive te violence , they have abstained from outrage . Goaded well nigh to madness , they have yet rigidly obeyed the law . Tortured by hunger ' s pangs and misery in every possible thape , they have withstood firmly every effort made by their tyrants to corrupt or iutimidate them . Will it be believed that the support these noble men have receive d during the strike has actually not averaged three * pence per man , per week ? . ' IT IS SO ! Yet are they undismayed and resolutely resolved to continue the struggle for their rights .
Remember the words of our correspondent— I feel persuaded the men would yet succeed if the trades would support them" What say the trades to thai ? With them rests the issue of the struggle With them is the responsibility ! We are glad to observe a movement among sereraj of the Trades who had not previously given their support . We notice , too , that Scotland is moving ;
and , lastly , that the middle classes of London are beginning to inquire into the merits of this question , deeply interested as they are in the destruction 0 ? the hideous monopoly of the Coal Kings . We com * mend to the inhabitants ; of London , both of the middle and working class , the following extract from a paper , which we are glad to single ou : as aa exception to the dastardly conduct which has signalised and disgraced the greater part of the London
press : — "Coal Monopoly of the Tyne , xns Weab , am > the Tees . —The dispute between the leviathan owaerg of coal mines iu the north of Eng l and and their workmen still continues unsettled , and I fear is likely to remain so for some time to come , as the former are realising immense fortunes at the expence of the public , but of the Londoners in particular , as the extra price now paid for this necessary article is an extra tax oa London , alone of £ 71 ) 0 , 000 pei annum . But this is not all , for the total quantity
upon which this extra charge is paid exceeds 6 , 800 , 000 tons , realising a total extra profit of £ 1 , 700 , UOO to this overgrown monopoly . The workmen turned out for an advance of wages of only about twopence per ton , aad yet the newspapers of the north continue weekly to heap obliquy on the poor 1 el lows , calling them * misguided men , duped men , ' &o ., blaming their paid agents for dupmg them , but saying nothing against those who have made princely fortuues out ef their labour "'—Correspondent of the London Mercantile Journal .
No doubt the press of the mastar-olasa will bruit it through England that the strike is at an end , in hopes of thereby putting a stop to public sympathy Every effort must bo made to counteract this . The amount of support which the Trades and the public generally shall give to the Miners during the next fortnight will be nearly sure to decide the conflict . Up , then , friends of labour and do your duty at once and effectually ! Wherever this appeal is read at a Trade meeting , let steps be taken to obtain the immediate pecuniary aid of that trade . Wherever the Trades are not moving , let individual members of the
trade at once set about getting up meetings to take up the Miners cause . Let the Chartists get up meetings of their body in each town , and subscribe among themselves for the support of the Miners . Let the public generally be appealed to , not so much by mere publie meetings , as by the appointment of trustworthy men to visit erery house in every town to obtain funds . With our friends , with our readers , with all who desire a " fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work , " we must now leave the decision of this great , and to labour ' s cau ? e , vitally important question . And to every friend of justice and humanity throughout England and Scotland , we cry" Now's the day , and now ' a the hour !" TO THE RESCUE !
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STo ISea&crjs ana ® ormfpomr * Mg
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Irish Affairs . —A Correspondent , who dates from Dublin , writes as follows : — " We have had a blow up in our decayed city , under the name ot a cittle show . A dinner , cattle show , &c . were got up bj Peel , who sent three of his puffers' ( one Hatqnii and two M . P . ' s ) to bid up bis ( the Premier ' s ) offer for the Labourers of Ireland , the plan of seducing the Catholic clergy from tbe Repeal cause haviuf been decided on . The next step has been commenced through ' the puffdra' to detach the Labou ers ftoa O'Connell . I never saw higher bidding for any lot , than the 'Squires who spoke at the dinner made la the suffrages of ihe ' people '—though tawge they an . I can account for all I heard and saw at that dinner
but on one ground , Uiat is , that the Premier u seriaualy alarmed at the bucccbs of the ' Nations ! Assembly' of Burgh Quay . To complete tbe Premier ' s fear , there is only wanting a junction i » tween the People of Eagland' and Ireland ; could this be effected agreeable to the ' Address' issued la April teat from Birmingham , Repeal for heltnh and tbe Charter for England would follow . Sine * my arrival bere I have not had means of aacei ' taining tbe Liberator ' s sentiments on a junction a the people of both islands , for the purpose ot carrying their objects by peaceabla and legal mean but conclude tbat neither he nor any sensibie ina could raise objection to the attainment of so mad ) good at so small a price . " Yours , " Something under the Surface . *
Important to Mr Cobdkn . —Mr . Smart , of Abeidea * at present residing at Peterbead , sends us tbe fallowing j In the P . 3 . to Mr . O'Connor ' s letter on tha Northampton meeting , Mr . O'Connor says , " ^ A Mr . Cobden assured him , that there were many thifip reported which he had never said . " Now , Sir , tW *» in many instances , may be very cottect , for Mr . Cobden is a public man , and it is extremely probv ble , that his stories are often misrepresen ted . B 26 if he shall dare to assert , that- tbe condensed report of his speech at Aberdeen , as published in the Nor . not
them Star , and sent to tbat paper by me was true ; I shall take very good care to prove tbat It was . Bat I can scarcely believe , that Me . Cobden has descended so low , aa to deny that be then said , " That Mr . O'Connor and those who associated witn him were the only obstacles in the way of the Anti-Cora Lhw League ; and that be would not discuss with such a man as O Connor whether ot not the existing Corn Laws shuuld be abolished . " « of ^ deny tbat be uttered snch language at Aberdeen , 1 will very shortly endeavour to jog hia memory oy
something in the shape ef evidence . Spitalfields Miners' CeMMiTTBB . -The lesctios in tbe North , and renewal of tha strike , renaw their address inadmissible . We give the { ^ ^ extraot : — " Let us then have a . Union in each trw * Let there be a council of deUgatbs in each town England , composed of a delegate from each traw * the town . Let there be a general assembly of «« J gates from all trades in the nation , both council « £ assembly meetiug periodically . Ut individual ^ be managed by the trade in which they occur , a ^ when u trade ia contending against wrong , «« »«¦¦ assisted by all others through tbe general oigw > ^ tion . Until the principle of mutual support sg » injustice be acted upon by the productw c- ^ they are sure to be impoverished and enslavta / power of the heavy purges of the capita . " ** ^ R . B .. Long GoVAN . —The lLes are pretty . o «"
" up to the mark . " a , van , The " British Constitution . "— R v , hom « ^ fnrnishts us with a fact splendidly illustrative « { hfl blessings of that venerable piece of hnmvait " British Constitution " . In the famed / T Robert Building Yard , Long Govan , belonging to » r Napier , there are nearly five hundred men * ^ v ^ nearly ail of them very intelli « eht , and ' . ^ f ing very superior minds ; yet not one is * " Brf . sion of the elective franchise ! Hurrah I ° i lUD tiah ConsSitution" ! , on thfl J . B ., CAMBERW £ LL .-Hi 8 P ^ ticsT rhapsody victories of the Circassians over the Ba f * ' fo much for hia patriotism : bis poetry , no we
hardly entitled to the same compliment . w 9 The Manchester Tailors are in J orme V TnDStall have received a letter from the Buwlem and 10 Tailors' Protection Society ( Potteries ) , signea 3 ^ Billington , Dale Hall , near Wport . ww wishing to know whether the Manchester rauo still on strike . A sum of money was . sen t «^^ bdoto Society to Manchester , and wfaicb was b ^ Iedged by Mr . Francis M-Namara , batjM [ <¦ saturation of the above Society . Awcond ^ tte ^ met with do answer . The above Society ' " ^ ta willing to contribute their aid to th *™™ % tot-Tailors , if still on strike ; they therefore desire v matton on the subj ect . ^ -n nvof ** BcoiLANH .-If any friend can send us » . DOJV J Edinburgh Witness of August lO . h , JJ ^ " " obliged . Address to tbe Northern Star Office . -
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RrPElL IS LOSDO >\ THCB 5 DAT M 0 RM > "G , AtG . 225 D . —JTotbing of constqaence transpired at tho usual ¦ wtskly meeting of the "wardens on Thursday evening Itst , with the exception that the Wardens are to take into their consideration this evening the best means to be adopted to further the views of the Committee for getting np Ibe Dnncemfee Testimonial There apps&rs a strong feeling in fe . T « tir of the project It mn-t ba boms in snnd that a great number of the Rapealtrs t * ing mtchsiacs "would have been serionsly ijiected had tte " Masters and Servants' Bill" become law . There is one thing , that mechanics , let tfceir country at creed be what they msy , they will al-wajs BDite together to oppose any nisjast enactment or encroachment cpon their jn ± t rights . Phot WaBD . Botheshithe . —The Inspector Gsnfcral ; W . J . O Conncll ] att ^ n ^ ed this Ward . OH Sunday evsnrcg Isst , and addressed the people at Considerable lenity . Great nmn ' Dfra were enrolled .
JiATJOTi WaBD , HlGH-STKEET , CaMDES TOTV>\—On Sunday last , Mr . Girvey , after rtraoi&g tfee report of the lss » meeting of the Association , allnaed to tbe rapid strides that Repeal had made in Londor-. Thongb situated about three nule 3 from -the Metropolis , they tad the means of becoming r , n auxiliary -Berth accepting by their brethren in Lo don . Ssveral were enrolled-T < TH SlEELE WlSD , GREENMaS , BERVrlCKSTB . EBT , Oxfosd STBEET . —Ob Saacay the chur was liken t > y Mr . D . O Brien . Tee meetiDj ¦ y . as addressed at great length by Messrs . Goldrick and O il&honty , on the rainous tnvcts of the Union , not only to Ireland , bnl also to Eu ^ lsad . Iventy-six were earolied .
Gb . aT * S Ish WaSD . —The usual weekly meeting of thi 3 wud was held at the Albert , Gmy's-inn-lane , Mr . Callanan in the chair . After several sums of money had been received , the chairman drew the attention o ? iis audience to the tyranny exercised towards Ireland by the Eaglish Governments , either Whig £ > r Tory , acd to tha blessings ol ttc-totali- ^ a in that " unfortunate ^ country . He said , the deluge of turbulence , of extess , % z& of crime , had subsided ; the dove which was Sent forth had returned with the greatest proofs of a successful mission , and an Ararat had at Irnrtb been found ttpon which the ar £ of Ireland ' s hopes might in fiecuriiy tepose—Scheers ? . Vice is hidipg its head , and Virtue Is dijpl ? y : Eg its charms . Secret societies , illegal oaths , niaht msetit ^ s . pirty outrages , sni factious ri ^ hta , are uoLhaard of—{ iocd cheers ) . What the-pnlpit could Dot do ; ¦ wha t the confessional and morality could not do ; -B-hsi the whole pnssthood of Ireland coa ' id not
ao , hai been done by Pathes ; Mathew , \ tho h&i . acted sa ihe handmaid of B-ptaL Ireland , when a nation , mil oare tbat indrviuua ) a debt of gratitude— ( cheers ) . 2 dr . James Ryan thea followed , and ia his address observed that the fruit of the Uaion was to niaio starvatfon their dietrry ia the laad of plenty ; a land producing a xaca of m = n temperate , bravB , and gtneron 3 ; » rsea cf men cemmiiriontd by Heaven to Master inteJ ' rgenca orer the face of tha globe ; yet s p ^ Jpie witosi " mildness can easily govern , as isay ba seen , Ijowsver goaded to a phrerzved Z 5 » l , _ $ et the breath of -one man can act as a leva to tfcsir passion , to elevate er depress them , according to his wishes ,- tat nothing tin extinguish the restltss and uneasy sei ^ ibiliiy in their bosoms till they have a Porliamtnt 03 Catltge G ^ -oeo , and the glorious maiitla of liationality thrown over the-r shoulcers—( loud cheers ) . Messrs . -Laliy , looaey , and others , tbtn followed . Thirty-five were « nrofled .
OCosnell " Ward—Tempbra > ob asd Repeal Eau , iljletieboke-la > e , Oxfokd-street —O " n Tuesday evening iast , August 20 , a large meeting of ttm * 5 *> Te -araTti was hsld ; Master T . Donagan in the chair . iir . Woif , IL w ,, read tbe last letter of the Archbishop of Taam ( Dr . M'Hale ) to Sir R . P ^ el smidst loud coders ; and -was followed by the Inspector-General ( w- J- O Council , E . q ) who drew the attention of an a ^ snuve auditory to the critical position of England J ? £ \ ^ to Tahiti aud ilorocco . and s ^ fd ; - A . rta . y had F ^ ee her eye npon Tunis , and she ' woul-1 cot rest conitnted until she occupied tbe whole Kuige cl tte Afncsn coast , bordering on tbe Meaiter- ' janfcSB , scd « hat y ^ u , that to Ireland ? England would ' boos require Ike stal-wait arms of Ireland ' s sons to i Sgh * her battles ; bnt Irishmen wouldBtsad qoie'ly by ' ¦ 5 f 6 sy would / hDWerer , take a bribe ^ and tbat bribe : "ttvaid be—an Indepeadent \ L ? . gislatnre —( loud cb * ers > . 2 ir . W- J . O'ConneJl then -warned the Repealers of laiidoa to be on thcti guard against meetings that are being held ia various parts of tfce I aaetropoiis , jo polieet money to pay the fine im- j
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PHILOSOPHY WITHOUT GUISE . TRUTH PLAINLY SPOKEN . Of all the vices of the age , surely that of gross htpocbicy is the worst ; the most hateful ; and the most abounding . Turn which way you will , it meets you on every hand . Irreligion is cloaked in the garb of sanctity ; Republicanism in the motley fool ' s dress of exuberant loyalty ^ and the exterminating philosophy of Malthusianism nnder the mask of " care for the best interests of tho poor . " The canting paint designates the age we live in as " the age of Bibles , " and impiously tells us that
" our lines have fallen in pleasant places , and that " we have a goodly heritage . " The scientific enthusiast talks of the " ago of Steam . " Byron wrote of the " age ot Bronze : " but the correct designation of present times is , the " age of Hypocbicy . " No other terra is half so generally embracivo ; 80 truly comprehensive ; bo correctly characterising . We are , emphatically , a conglomeration of hypoorites ; aud we each know it : and the only wonder is that each man does not laugh in each other man ' s face , when he sees the tortuous and whimsical efforts made to disguise the notorious f act .
Amid the overwhelming mass of maudlin Bentimentalism which the horrid hypocrisy of the age give birth to , it is refreshing to meet with oandour and plain-jBpokedness , which we sometimes do , not withstanding that these qualities are so very unfashionable . There are spirits that cannot be bound down by the soul-destroying conventionalisms of the age ; that will not succumb to the prevailing custom of the time , with all its tyrannies and its exactions : that will not consent to " appear as they are not , " robed in a borrowed garb ; but who will give utterance to the true feelings of the heart ]
and the honest desires of tbe mind , in language at ones plain and understood , beoause truthful and unsophisticated . True , these men sorely offend against the "spirit of the age , " and are made to taste the bitter fruits of consistency and honour , whenever society possesses the power to inflict the tremendous social punishments placed At its command . But still tho cff _ -nce is repeated . The truth does sometimes get to be told . The mirror is , every now and then , held pp to htpockisy ; and we , the men of the present age , are enabled to see the horrible proportions of that
" Monster of snch frightful mien , That to be haled needs but to be seen . '' And in this fact lies the hope for the world ' s progression out of the trammels of fraud and deceit into the liberty of truth and sincerity . If it were not for this , —that the tyrannous and self-abasing yoke of existing custom and current of thought cannot be made to sit easy on some of the daring g pirits of the world , —small indeed would be the probability of man ' s progression towards the goal of perfectibility . But here Vice and Error are foiled \ Forge the fetters ever so strongly bind down ever so fastly ; make the crime of
truthspeaking ever so dis-respectable , and reduce its comznitter to the condition of a pariah , yet there ara those who will break through all the bounds set to free expression , brave all the dangers of the deed ,, and render of no avail the most tyrannous of custom . And thus the fight goes on : Error obtaining tin . - seeming advantage one day : Truth triumphing the n . J and thus the foundation becomes laid for the eret ^ ion ° f a most stately and perfect structure of society , whenever man generally becomes disguBted and dissatib . ^ ed with the false and the unreal , and disposed to ao . ' out his part as a portion of a truthful whole . But we are man . a day ' s maroh from such a termination of our jour »?* y « We are now in the midst
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; { i j j : ] ; j | posed on the Martyrs , and said those meetings had not his sanction . Proper persons to pay Ibe subscriptions to of those "who were friendly to Ireland , wera tbe Repeal Wardens , who would take care to remit tbe rooney to Dublin for whatever purpose subscribed . — I J . M'Gold-nck , R . W . then followed , and after compli-I menting th « meeting on the speech delivered by M . i . j OConne ' il ud the probable chance of war between j England and France , said , if In the event of the writ oi ; erroi being unsuccessful , tbe Queen -was to visit the I Green Isle , and to endeavour to effect by flittery I what the sword and Ihe bayonet , backed by a squadron < < which was 'wanted on tbe shores of Africa ) , had failed i in achieving , she would be mistaken . He likewise ) dwelt on the necessity of cnion between the working :
) \ , j ] j j j I classes of both England and Ireland . He waB proud to find that a feeling -was beginning to exist among ! tke English people , which , when once effected , would J frighten tyranny to its very base . Mr . William Dunn , ; Repeal Warden , on being called on , came forward : , be drew the attention of the meeting to the late I wholesale ejectments in Waterford , showing tbe > misery attending the cruel depopulating system ; and : said that the Land Commission was one of the I veriest humbngs in existence , and that tke committees 1 of the Repeal Association conJd do more in one
fortnight in laying before the pnblio the true state of the Land and Tenant Question , in Ireland Vb&n the boasted L ind CommisioD had done since its commencement ; and that so convinced were the brave men of Tipperary of the humbug , tbat when it held its meetings in the County Court House not one of them attended to be examined . The Government had imprisoned their leader , but the Irish was anything but a beaten people . They did not sleep , for England had murdered that sleep . The first hostile shot at England would tell a tale that despotic and bad governments would for the future avoid—Uoud cheers ) . Forty were enrolled . Mrs . Ann Moloney will preside on Tuesday next
Meetings on Sumday EvssijiG . Aug . 25 th . — Clerkenwell Ward—Tbe meetings of this veard will be resumed ; Mr . Corran will preside . Farringdon Ward—The usual weekly meeting will be held at tb ? Union Arms , Union Court , Holborn . Westminster Ward—A meeting of this ward will be held at the Star and Garter , Peter-street , Westminster ; Mr . Richard Hussey , Repeal Warden , an old and triad friend of tbe cause , and others , will address the meeting . Jobn O'Connell Ward , Seymour-street , New Ro&d—Mx . Palace will preside on Monday next , August 25 th .
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MOB ; £ "PROFITABLE" FARMING . "POI'ATOE GROWING" IN DANGER OF BEING BEAT . "WHAT WILL THE "LEEDS MERCURY" SAY ? At the risk of drawing down on onr heads the ire of the " profound" man of the Leeds Mercury ^ we ventura to giv * the , following short address a place in the Star . It reached us in an envelope by
Thursday ' s post , and appears to have been prepared for extensive circulation . There is no name attached to it ; and we are left to " gue 3 &" who the party is that has made the " experiment" recorded . Still , as there is no reason to deubt the accuracy of the fact stated , and as the advice to the farmers is most modestly pnt , we think good must follow from its publication ; and , therefore , cheerfully lend the author the aid of our columns : —
TO FARMEBS . At tha end of August , 1813 , I planted in my garden tbirty . tvro grains of wheat , at six Inches'distance , on inch and a fcalf deep ; the seed was of the first-rate quality . Thisseed produced this year thirty-two plants , having from ten to twenty-eight stems and ears each ; tbe average number of ears was sixteen ; tbe average weight of each plant 1 f ounce . An acre of laud would contain , at six iuches' distance , 174 . 240 plants ; , the produce 304 . 940 ounces , or nearly 19 , ( 500 lbs ., 320 bushels , er forty quarters per acre . The expense of dibbing would be mere than saved by tbe diminished quantity of seed required .
I do not mean to state that Buch a result would be obtained upon a large scale ; but I think it is worthy of trial , when we know tbat tbe average produce is only 2 \ . quarters per acre , and tbat it is possible to grow FORTY : it will be allowed that there is ample scope for improvement . Try a breadth in your fields an inch and a half deep ; put one grain , and ONE only , in each bole ; plant it at six or eight inches distant ; be snre to plant good seed ; get as much produce as you can , bat GO FOR FORTY QUARTERS PER ACRE . Stock Exchange , August 22 . 1844 .
Now there is advice : advice founded on fact ; fact as well authenticated as the case of potatoe-growing vouched for by the Leeds Mercury . And yet we have no doubt he will , when lie reads ot forty quarters of wheat to the acre , turn up his nose in affected contempt , and dismiss the "fact" with a sneer . Should tbe matter be so met , and so dismissed ! Is there not room for improvement ! Is not it possible to make the average growth of wheat " more" than two-and-a-half quarters to the acre ! Is the thing not worth & trial 1 We are short of corn we are told . It is necessary for us , some folks
Bay , to import great quantities from ' abroad , to supply existing deficiency . Would it not be as wise to try to grow enough at home—employing homel&boub in its production ? Suppose the average yield could be doubled ; doubled only , —not made to reach forty quarters per acre : but doubled only ; should we , in that case , stand in need of "importation , " or should we have to care about either fixed duties or Bliding-scales ! And cannot this be done ? Have all the " improvements" in the production of wheat been made tbat the art is capable of ? lB , the plough the best implement that could be used to turn up and pulverise the soil 1 Is it an established fact that the scratching of some few inches of the
surface is better than " digging deep , loosening the subsoil , and making the whole permeable to tbe roots of the plants ? Has it been proved that wet sappy land tends to increase the vegetative quality , and that thorough draining is unnecessary and injurious \ Are we sure that the broad-cast mode of " sowing the seed" is the most economical , and secures tha heaviest , and the most regular of crops ! Are we certain , too , that it is not possible to improve on the present mode of drillsowing 1 If anything like the result set forth in the above missive to Farmers from the Stock Exchange should follow from the system , of dibbing , would it not be worth the trial ?
There are queries that ought to be solved : solved too , by actual experiment , and not by a sneer , though it should even come from a ** profound teacher of political economy . " And if the publication of the letter of the Stock Exchanger shotild lead to such practical Bo ' . ution as the important nature of the question calls for , it cannot be said that " no goad has come out of N azareth . " The Stock Exchange will have been of some use , in turning mind to the consideration of measuresi of real utility to man : a flight counterbalance to the tremendous and heavy evils that the same Stock Eichange has inflicted oa the whole human famiJj .
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TEMPORARY TRIUMPH OF THE COALKINGS . REACTION !—RENEWAL OF THE STRIKE !! Our readers will gather from the above heading that most important events have occurred in the Northern Colliery Districts since last we addressed them . The vile Whig and Tory papers , the organs of the Moloch master class , are , or rather were a few days ago , in eostactes at the alleged victory of the Coal Kings and discomfiture of the gallant Miners . The first intimation of this event appeared in the Times of Saturday , in which a correspondent announoed the termination of tbe Strike in Durham ^ adding : —
" This result hes been brought about by the firmness and determination of the Colliery proprietors , who , during the last fortnight have proceeded in the work of ejection and the introduction of Welch , Irish , and English agricultural labourers into the Collieries in right good earnest . " The above was also accompanied by a letter setting forth that the " Hetton Company and the Lambton Colliery had imported about 300 Welshmen , women , and children , who arrived on Sunday mid-night . " "Upwards of 400 Welshmen" had been engaged in the Wear pits in the course of the week ; and , thus overwhelmed , the turn-outs succumbed . The
rascally slave-drivers chuckled that the men had at last been driven to " obtain work again oh any terms" ! A similar announcement also appeared in the Morning Chronicle . On Monday the following appeared in the Times : — Close of the Pitmen's Strike . —NewcastleupoN-TrNE . Saturday . — The strike of tho pumen in the counties of Northumberland and Durham is now at an end , the whole of the collieries , wuh very unimportant exceptions , having engaged ail the workman they require on the terms and conditions offered by the coal owners previous to . the 5 ih of April , when the strike commenced .
Of course this victory of rampant tyranny was hailed with shouts of triumph by the blood-suckers of every class who know that every such defeat of the working men , though but local and sectional , has a tendency to dispirit , and destroy confidence in the ranks of the wealth-producers throughout the country . Its prime importance , too , was chat tho men had been beaten by the venality and treachery of their own order ; aud this they fondly hoped would render the masses hopeless of engaging many future combination for the protection of their labour . These scoundrel-writers for the press laud the " firmness" aud " determina , tion" of the
Coalkings , exhibited in the ruffianly < jaotion of womeu and helpless children from their home ? , and in the introduction of wretched serfs from Ireland , Wales , and the agrioul tural districts of England to defraud the native born men of the district of their right to live . These assassin quill-drivers can laud the work of wholesale spoliators and plunderers ; but not one word have they of admiration for the heroic ntvoTioN displayed by the poor Miners ; or of sympathy for their grievous sufferings . The strike bad come to an end ; bo Eaid the correspondents of the daily papers ; but how ! The men , that is the great mass , though they and their families had suffered unparalelled misery , subsisting for weeks and weeks God only knows how ; compelled to encamp with
j their helpless wives and little ones upon the cold , damp ground ; and even in many instances denied that poor refuge , and dragged to gaol tor " trespassing" on that land which by right was theirs , but which had been robbed from their olat > s by their merciless persecutors : the men , cowed not even under Buch suffering ; foodless and homeless , tortured by hunger , exposed to the inolemency of the weather , and to every horror which the lowest state of destitution brings ; they yet shrunk not . What then caused them to yield ? The miserable treachery of their own order ! And yet so abject is tho condition of thousands of our agricultural labourers , so wretched the lot of the mass of the Welch population and so completely degraded the state of Ireland ) where two millions and a half of paupers and beggara proolaim trumpet-tongued tbe misgovernmeut of its
The Northern Star Saturday, August 24, 1844.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , AUGUST 24 , 1844 .
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4 THE NORTHERN STAR . j August 24 , 1844 .
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 24, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1277/page/4/
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