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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, JUNE 13. 1846.
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Co Reamers]$c Corresipoutientsf*
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THO2KAS COOPEK. THE CHARTIST'S WORKS. j
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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To be had of John Cleave , and all booksellers . - - " ' ( Price One Shilling . ) : T ^ O ORATIONS AGAINST TAKING AWAY HUMAN LIFE , UNDER AHY CIRCUMSTANCES . « ' ¥ r . Cooper ' s sttle is intensely clear and forcible ; it displays great earnestness , and fine human sympathy ; and is ia the highest degree manly , plain , and Tigomos . Mr . Cooper has evidently expended much time in self-cultivation , and is of a high and soble order of intellect—Nommg Advertiser . "Sure * we are that Mr . Cooper—much as he has already done to prove his title to the admiration of his countrjmen—has never yet done any thing more honourable alike to his character as a man and his reputation as a poet , than this large-hearted outpouring of the purest and moat heroic philosophy . "— Sentinel .
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THE PUKGATORY OF SUICIDES . A Prison Shyme . In Ten Books . ( One ' Vol ., 7 s . 6 d . ) .- - «< The most wonderful effort of intellectual power pro duced within the last century . "— The Britannia . . "We . musfc . * ordially eonfess that we have read the " whole with a feeling of unfeignedastonishment . "—Eclectic Bevietc . .-" The book possesses mind—mind which makes itself felt and understood , and which , therefore , demands respect . "— Wmomm , " His lay is for all time . It will make the heart of the hopeful glow with a holy fire when he who penned it has pasBedfrom among men . "—General Advertiser . "JL wori-which will gain / or its author a reputation as lasting , if not as ? reat , as that of Bjron , Spenser , and Milton . " — -Kentish TntlepenAait
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WISE SAWS AND MODERN INSTANCES . — ( TwoTols , Ios . ) "A series ; of Crabbe-like sketches , in prose . They xcmanifest portraits , and admonish us of the author ' s ill in taking the literal likeness , "—Attcnwum . " They can scarcely fail to be popular with 'the Classes ; ' , upon the whole , we think they "deserve lobe so . "—AOas . " Chartist as these sketches are , they are healthier , in t «> se aud sentiment , than the tawdry fictions Tamped up m ^ Sic-Trjiaingpublic bj some popular ' writers / that profeisto exlribit-the life of the labouring classes . "The Britan nia . -:. •
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¦ Also , just published , THE BARO . N'S YULE FEAST . A Christmas Rhyme . In Four Cantos . ( OneYoL , 5 s . ) « The most charming and fantastic feature in this little volume , with its right dainty tidc-page . is the exuberance , ana , sooth to say , the appositeness of the different songs etiaonted round the iugle in Torksey Hall . Thomas Cooper's heart seems brimming over with this spontaneous poetry . The book altogether is an original : it is just suited for the winter's fireside , OTer a posset and cer .-is /* —Sttn . " The Baron ' s' Tule Feast "has a genial spirit , various subjects , and a popular animated style . The poem is the best of Mr . Cooper ' s productions . "—Spectator . " "Wehare not for a long time met with a volume of poetry that we could read through with half as much pleasure . "—Churton s Literary Jfemter .
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TO TAILORS . Kow ready , THE IO 3 TDON aad PARIS SPBIXS and SUMMER FASHIONS , for 1846 . Bj approbation of her 3 faje 3 tr Quevn Tictwia , and his Boyal Highness Priace Albert , a splendidly coloured print , beautifully executed , pnblished by BEXJA 5 ILV BEAD and Co ., 12 , Har t ^ street , BIooirai . ar / -square , London j and 6 . Berger , Holywdl-Str « rt , Strand , London . Sold by the publishers and all booksellers , wheresoever residing . This superb Print will be siccomjiauied with full size Hiding Dress and Frock Cost patterns , a complete pattern of the new
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DAGTJRREOTYPE AND CALOTYPE . JT 1 HE APPARATUS , LESS , CHEMICALS , PLATES A GASES , and every other articteuse . 1 in making and mounting the above can be had o' 1 . E { jerton , Kol , Temple-street , Whitefriars , London , descriptive Catalogues gratis . EBBEBOURS' celebrated ACHROMATIC TRIPLET LEKSES&r theMICBOSCOPE , sent toauypartof the Country at the following prices : —Deep Power , 60 s . ; Low Tower 235 . Every article warranted .
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A GOOD FIT WARRANTED . UBSDELL AKD GO ., Tailors , are now making up a complete - ? tm /»¦" Suparfinc Black , any size , for £ 3 ; Superfine West of England Black , £ 3 10 s . ; and the Tery best Superfine Saxony , £ 5 , warranted not to spot or change colour . Juwuilc Superfine Cloth Suits , 2 is . ; liveries equally cheap—at the Gn-at Western Emporium , Nos . l asd 2 , Oxford-street , London ; the noted house for good black cloths , and xuteatmade trousers . Gentlemen ran choose the cokur and quality of cloth from the sr geststockinLouiitic . he a * tot * cutting taught .
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HATS CHSAPEH AXD BETTER THAN EVER . — PSKKIXGhiiS now < oi sale a new , elegant , and < xienslve Assortment < -f V £ IV £ T HATS , of superfine qualities , of the most fashionable shapes at Ss . fid . each ; superior Beaver , at Us . cud ICs . ; the best that can be made ditto , at 21 s . ; Gussaaur Hats , finished in the first style . 6 s . 6 d- ; Yutilii ' s ll-ts , 5 s . fc'd . ; Velvet ditto , Ss . Gd . ; Xadies * Riding Hats , 0- \ Gd . to . 12 s . ; Livery Hats , 10 s . to 16 s . ; Youths'Hats and Caps of every description , from Ss . 6 ( 2 . ; Gentlemen ' s TravcKiag and other «' aps , from Is . patent velvet flexible ventilating Hats , 13 s . ; patent ventilating Beaver Hats . 13 s ., 18 s ., and 21 s . 85 , STRAXI ) , and 231 , REGEST-STBEET . 6 , 000 of the Flexible Ydvet Hate , 13 s ., were sold last Tear , such fc the umreroai call for them .
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Just Published , Price Three Pence , JBy the Executive Cummittea of the National Association , A S EXQUISITFM' I'ISISHET ) STUCL PORTRAIT A ¦ OF THO M A a PAIJfE , Author of the Bights of Man , Common Seu ; e , &c . Also , a beautifully executed Copper Plate engraving , of the sanguinary field of PETERLOO . Phut ! . Sixpence , colomed , One Shilling . Also . " the complete Political Works of Thomas Paine . } nR ? e Parts , with Portraits of the Author and a copy f the People ' * Charier . Prifc 2 s . Cd ., bound 3 s . Gd .
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AN OBATION AGAINST WAR , AND THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH , WttL BE BELIVEBED IK **? v . .. . AMPHITHEATRE , . LEICES TER , ,, ,. " " <> " «^ l Si mriit n (« t the ^ j ^ ' ^^ ' By THOMAS COOPER , the OHHlTWi . ¦ . *>««•» agWEKttSS 52 * has been received ^ t Sr wfl ' deUver orations ou the aameBubjoot e Idt&sfs relief , on Tuesday evening , the 16 th inTt at Sheffield , andon Wednesday evening , the 17 th iust . at Leeds .
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Solicitors are required to take Notice that all Appeals must be entered before the sitting of tho Court , on the first day of the Sessions at each of the above-mentioned places ; and that the List of such Appeals will be called over by the Clerk of the Peace at the expiration of half an hour from the opening of the Court ; and that all Appeals in which Connsei are then instructed , so as to be ready to proceed immediately lif called upon so to do ) , will be struck out . Solicitors are also , required to take Notice , that the Order of Removal , copies of the Notice of Appeal , and examination of the Pauper , are required to be tiled with the Clerk of the Peace on the entry of the Appeal : —And that no Appeals against Removal Orders can be heard unless the Chairman is also furnished by the ' Appellants with a copy of the Order of Removal , of the Notice of Chargsabiiity , of the Examination of the Pauper , and of the Notice aud grounds of Appeal . . ASD NOTICE IS ALSO HEKE 3 T GIVEN , That at the General Quarter Sessions of the Peace to be holdeii at Skipton aforesaid , an Assessment for the necessary ezeipenses of the said Hiding for the half-year commencing the 1 st day of October next , will be laid at the hour of Twelve o'clock at Noon . ¦
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This day is published , Price 2 s . 6 d ., Fourth Edition , A PRACTICAL WO 11 K ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SMALL FARMS ; ByFeabous O'Consoe , Esq . Price Four-pence , published at One Shilling , THE LETTERS OF F . O'CONNOR , ESQ ., TO DANIEL O'CONNELL , ESOV ., M . P . Price Fourpence , = . . "' THE EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYED ; OR THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE JIESSRS . CHAMBERS REFUTED ; By Feabcus O'Conxob , Es « . Price Sixpence , A FULL LENGTH PORTRAIT OF TH 3 MAS-S ; DUNCOMBE , ESQ ., M . P . Very few are now left ou hand . Abel Heywood , D 8 , Oldliam-street , Manchester , and al ageutsaii ' d vendors of the . Star . ' '
The Northern Star Saturday, June 13. 1846.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , JUNE 13 . 1846 .
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THE STRUGGLE . In commenting upon the different view taken of the Reform Bill and the Repeal of the Corn Laws by the Heuse of Peera and , indeed , by the landed aristocracy generally , we have endeavoured to show the distinction between the surrender of a portion OF political power , with enough left to preserve rights , privileges , and property , and a measure calculated to diminish property and ultimately to abridge political power . We were steadfast in the opinion that the Bill would not pass uumutilated , or that , if it did pass , the sufferers from the charge would rally for another skirmish in the hope of regaining thoir lost rights , and of again restoring their diminished property to the scale of those necessities built upon the presumption that fiction ' s doomsday was never to arrive . :
The week before last , when all was dull , calm , and quiet , and when the several morning messengers of national composure were endeavouring to drill us into the belief , and to soothe us into the hope , that their prognostications had restored trade in Manchester , and driven all evil codings from Liverpool we ventured upon the following prediction : — His dream is out , and so will tie be ' ere Ions ; for the Whigs will not bear his monopoly of office , and the betrayed Protectionists will not tolerate his continuance in power . ' . .
Since the assur ance of restored confidence and improving trade , our morning contemporaries have begun to think as we thought when we wroto the above . They now begin to believe in that combisation of foul elements to which the office rather than the measures of the Prime Minister was sure to be subjected . Reformed Wluggery was a spurious cross , a kind of political mule , between popular anticipation and Whig assurance ; and if thegreatest minister that ever England could boast of , is now to fall , it will be before a combination of patronage and treachery . A combination , however , sufficiently powerful to substitute Russell for Peel , will not be sufficiently tractable under the management of the former to preserve him in ah office for which nature never intended him .
If Peel falls he will have carried with him the respect and admiration of all honest men , when Russell rises it will be but to expose the weakness of his party . When wo have canvassed the position of Sir Robert Peel , and when we have spoken of obloquy and censure , we merely measured the treatment he was likely to receive by the feelings that his betrayed party was certain to entertain . Throughout the long and uninteresting struggle for tile preservation of
landlords' rights , we have attached but one indelible stigma upon Sir Robert Peel , and that is not haviig given his party an opportunity of testing the feeling upon a measure which lie said popular demand and popular requirements had forced upon him . IfPeel had appealed to the country , the country would have sustained him if it desired the measure ; and , therefore , his error was in basing it upon popular approval , while he refuses to submit to popular decision .
It is now pretty nearly . understood that the Peel Ministry is destined—that its days are numbered ; and that Lord John Russell is all but ins ! ailed as Prime Minister of the country . It does not seem to havs struck our contemporaries that this anticipated change of ministers may lead to an unexpected change of policy . They do not seem to see that if Peel should wriggle successfully out of the Coercion Bill , that his tottering position will embolden many Peers who would otherwise support his Commercial Policy , to rat upon that qmstion . If the Duke ' s assertion is true , that Iiis adhesion to thu measure was based upon the necessity of having a Ministry , his Grace may now be taunted with the facility with which two Administrations may be formed—the
one of the Ultra-Protectionists , living in the hope of once more rallying THE JANNISARIES—theother of the Whigs , lingering out a hopeless existence upon a surplus exchequer and popular excitement . For ourselves we lean not from affection , . but from interest , to the Whig party . From their accession , and certain overthrow , wo anticipate a great forward march in the party . They will have discovered the impossibility of holding power with no better support than that derived from the pliancy of Irish policy aud Irish patronage . . They will discover that all hope of victory in the Registration department is rain and hopeless , so long as the present Franchise continues ; and if beaten upon another general election , they will bid for such a- popular Franchise as will secure the final overthrow of Toryism .
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Our ^ charge [ against Whiggery f has been , wHereas the Reform Bill promiBed .. l < u * e ' . fin ! &- . OYerthrpw of ToryiiKjTteeffectwasto give ,. fo that party a much larger majority than it could ever boast of under the old borougumongering syaiem ... . v ' vi * «»* nthey hand , we have shewn that much of the benefit of reform was lost by the apathy of those electors who were qualified to vote under its provisions , and now we rejoice in the coming change , because no Whig
limits can be safely applied to the extension of a mere Whig constituency . The question of the franchise is the oae , the only question , in which the people should feel interested in the change , and as it is now sure to come , again we invoke , we implore , every Chartist constituency in the kingdom to elect without a moment's ' delay trustworthy , delegates , who will be prepared to meet wherever the directors shall summon them with twenty-four houra' notice .
The resignation of Sir Robert Peel and the appoint , ment of Russell as his successor is no longer matter of speculation , nor can the event be long deferred , although the circumstances which lead to it may he something mitigated in their , character . Russell is perfectly aware that he cannot build upon the sup . port of the Bentinck party , and that he must go to the country with some new C B . Y . He will discover that neither timber , corn , nor sugar will satisfy . the present appetite , and that upon the country , and the country alone , must depend thefateofWhiggery . In such , a crisis it will become the people ' s duty to secure for themselves representatives , be they many or be they few , who will teach the Whigs that their continuance in place must depend solely upon , their deference to public opinion .
Eight or nine pure , shameless , and dishonest Whigs , who profess to dissent from Whig policy , nevertheless kept that party in power for three years upon the cuckoo cry of—* Keep the ^ Tories out . " Now it is for the purpose of getting a real army of observation , of some ten or dozen veritable Chartists , who , at any given moment , can kick a Whig or Tory administration out , that we call upon the Chartist body to be prepared to furnish such a staff . This will be the principal business of the forthcoming ^ Convention , and ike Directors upon their part undertake to be prepared with such a plan as , if adopted and acted upon universally , v ? ill inevitably secure our object .
. It is a fact that the people are now in reality tie source of all power . It is a fact that all parties look upon them with trembling awe . It is a fact that power is ready to be ceded to them if they are prepared to demand it like freemen , and with one voice . It is' a fact that whilst we prefer Chartists to all others , we much prefer Complete Suffragists to either Whigs or Tories , and failing the best we must secure the second best . Never were the times so full of import as at the present moment . America , while involved in domestic brawls , is gnashing her teeth at England . The Italian States subject to the Pope are ready for revolt , which the death , of . Grecory may hasten .
A popular revolution "has triumphed in Portugal . No monarchical power of Spain can resist its progress in that country . Austria ; Prussia , and Switzerland , are all upon the eve of convulsion . Saxony , and the petty states of Europe alone , where the people possess the land , are secure from those shocks by which monarchy vainly hopes to preserve its ascendancy and priestcraft its power . France is ready for an explosion , arid England is the centre to which all are looking for the watchword . Can then there be other than danger in the cpming times ? Danger to the popular party if unwisely directed ; danger to usurpation if | judiciously go verned . . ... ... .
How often have we told the people that there arc three great stages in a political movement—creation of public opinion—the organization of the public mind —and the direction of the public strength ? It is to the last stage that , the Chartist Executive and the people , are now called upon to direct their energies ; while , for ourselves , 'we need notjassure our party of our willingness once more to take the post of danger and of labour , while we shall endeavour to protect our party from the assaults of the law and the vengeance of faction . While upon the other hand , if
circumstances should occur to lessen our regard for either , or for both , we shall not be squeamish as to the measurement of their power , provided the suceess oi our cause depends upon disregard of them . In conclusion , we say to the chartists , your hour has come , and your future fate depends upon the . manner in which you use the present opportunity , elect your delegates , and if you fail to discharge that portion of your duty which your country demands while your Executive are ready to perform their ' s—blame yourselves if defeat should follow apathy . '
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| n ] h ¥ |[ ag 8 ^ erviceii' I Bu £ the new-made Judgb and dirty tool of tKrWHigSrwas ' too ' grateful to his employers for liis elevation tov RtnnH . qr » r _? " ^ v ^ poLof lawasW ; and « entenc ^ . th 6 D ^ chester Labourefato seven years' trat ^ or ^ on !! ^ Thank Heaven ; > uo Working Men of Great Britain brought them back trium phantly from their exile , But let not the fact be forgotten , nor the cognate fact that the attempt of the Governmental ; the instigation of the Capitalists , failed in intimidating the tens of thousands who had associated for the noble object of elevatin * the c ondition of the working clasws . ___
But what the frowns of Government , the influence of wealth , the tyrannical and illegal terrorism of a prostituted Bench failed to effect , internal divisions , mutual misunderstandings , aristocratic prejudices , and democratic jealousies among the high and lowpaidtrades . together with complexandunwieldly machinery , speedily consummated . A mighty association dissolved like snow under a July sun . Its elements , however , were merely dissolved , not destroyed . The eternal strife between right and wrong , justice and injustice , was renewed in other forms , and under other , leaders .
All this time the people havo been learning . Failure and persecution , and sufferings , have been their teachers . They have graduated in a practical University , and are now again applying their additional knowledge and experience , to the organization of a fresh c ampaign against the deadly foes who press the life-blood from out ef the heart of Industry . That they have made immense advances in the knowledge of the true objects to be aimed at , and the manner in which they roust be " achieved , must , we think , be evident , tb every one who will attentively peruse the preamble to the ^ twin associations , over which Thomas Slingsbt Duncombe presides . The one is for "the Protection of Industry . " the other
"the employment of Labour in Agriculture and Manufactures . " They are , in fact , but two separate departments of one association , but each differently organised , for the special work it has to perform . ' The one is a' popularly constituted body for the purpose of acting legally , constitutionally , and peaceably on the masses , and of bringing their united strength to . bear on any given point ; the other is the working hand , by which the capital , skill , and labour of the association is to be used reprod uctively , and the waste , mischief , bitterness , failures , and disappointment of strikes to bejabolished forever .
Each of these departments is , as we have said , differently organized . Small payments and simple machinery , but with an expanding power equal to any emergency , characterize the first . The second having to deal with lands / houses , manufactories , workshops , machinery and industrial implements , has the machinery of a joint-stock company . The great object of the Confederation is the industrial , educational , political and soeial elevation of the masses , and more immediately to bring the influence of a powerful association to bear upon all disputes between employers arid employed , as to rates of wages ,
hours of labour , and similar , qaestions .. This it is proposed to do by " mediation , arbitration , arid legal proceedings . " The Times , in alatearticle , after " biting the file " in vain everywhere else , thought it had discovered a soft bit in the part printed in italics , and gravely shaking its awful head , hinted that these words " savoured of champerty and maintenance . " If so , Mr . Walters , the President of the "Poor Man ' s Guardian Society , " and principal proprietor of the Times , is at this moment guilty of these terrible crimes in having sanctioned an attempt by that Society to obtain legal
redress for a brutal and savage outrage on a female pauper by one of the cowardly wretches who carry out the orders of the Cerberus of Somerset House . All that the Association proposes by these words , is to constitute , wherever necessary , suits in law or equity for the protection of the weak against the strong , and thus to fight oppression with the law , instead ef arming it with additional power by ignorant , Srasii , or intemperate resistance ;' and if Mr . Walter and the Poor Man s Guardian ' s Society , Lord Ashley and the Short Time party , the League and
other bodies , can with impunity pursue this course , we should like to know on what grounds the same power is to be denied to this Association ? The truth is , that the Association , both as to its objects and its constitution , is perfectly legal , as the Times itself in despair confesses , and the only way in which it can be touched by its opponents through it / ie law is by enacting a new law specially , to put it down . Will they dare to attempt this ? If they were ho audacious , could they succeed 1 We venture to answer both questions in the negative .
So much for the objects , and the external and legal aspect of the new movement . Let us now briefly glance at the elements of which it is at present composed , and its principal machinery . The late Conference consisted of 126 delegates , representing iu the aggregate 40 , 000 members of a great variety of trades , in every part of Great Britain and Ireland . It was in the variety of these elements that the greatest danger was to be apprehended . It has in every former attempt been found almost impossible to bring what has been termed the' aristocracy
of the trades and the demooracy together , to work for one object . The mechanic , or engraver , with three pr four guineas weekly , had no feeling in com . mon with the handloom weaver , whose miserable pittance was three or four shillings . The joiner , or iuason , receiving thirty shillings , looked over the head of the framework-Knitter with fire shillings aweek . The factory trades held aloof from all general movements . In short , the curse of selfishness und ignorance was upon them , and they fell an easy prey to Capital , which mowed them down in sections whenever it suited its convenience .
The bitter lesson , that itiwas vain to resist aggression while these divisions existed , has been often learned ; but the intellect is frequently convinced a long time before the feelings can be schooled to accord with its convictions . We have always felt that the point we are now alluding to was the rocka-head of the new association ; and that , if it weathered that safely , it would escape its most imminent and immediate danger . The decision of the Conference with reference to it is of so judicious , sound , and practicable a character , that we have now the strongest and most sanguine hopes of ultimate and not
distant success . The principle of an Assurance Company has been adopted . The members of the ] various trades composing the association are to pay in proportion to their means , and receive benefits in proportion to their payments . No injustice will be done to any one ; but all will be berientted by thii plan . Independent of the pecuniary support which each will be entitled to , all will enjoy the incalculable advantage of the influence and name of a mighty association , which , we confidently anticipate , will do more to prevent aggression than the actual expenditure of millions .
This influence will rest upon a firm basis . Another decision of the Conference was , that a permanent fund , of at least £ 20 , 000 , shall be raised by small continuous payments , also levied in proportion to the earnings of the members of the association . It was judicious , we think , of the Conference to fix the amount of the permanent fund so low . It will not startle the timid nor provoke the sneers of the in " credulous . But five times £ 20 , 000 are as easily within the reach of the working classes , by such means , as one ; and we do not despair of seeing Labour ' s League in the command of funds as ample as the League of millowners—aye , and exercising , too , an equally resistless influence on the government and the Legislature .
But—and here we come to an essential point , one in which this association difFers from its predecessors , this fund is not to be expended as of old , in keeping men idly walking about tlioatreets , or engaged in the picquctting and bickerings of a strike . No ; it is to be invested in the funds of the twin associations , and employed through its medium , as having been expressly constructed for this purpose , in withdrawing ; from the market of the competitive capitalists that surplus labour which is his most effective instrument for
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grinding industry tothe dust . We" titCl M 8 up ? ° f ^ i ^ leton- !^^ i ^ p iomouia » nd machineryvfori immediate afltlon , wouldibe organized by the aVaomation m these pail ? of the country to which the yariou 3 . ~ tradeB are , we may s&j , indigenous , and that whenever the other association failed / by " mediation or arbitration to settle a dispute between the employers and employed , the latter Would be , immediately drafted to these establishments , and set to work in the occupation to which they have been accustomed .: . ... - ,,, L . Mild suppose
The three points now successively enumerated , are cardinal ones . Upon these pivots the whole association turns . They constitute the difference between it and its predecessors ; and when in addition to this we remember that it has opened its arms to receive the toil-worn wives , daughters , and children of the working man ,. we think we are justified in saying that no former Confederation bf . the working classes ever combined so many of the qualifications requisite to success . ¦ ¦ . - • v
But it may be asked by some , will not such an association be dangerous ? Not at all . The honourable and just among employers of all kinds , will speedily learn to regard it as their best friend and ally against the unscrupulous of their own class . An association occupying such a prominent position , with a member of the Legislature at its head , " gives hostages to fortune . " It is bound by stronger ties tothe maintenance of an impartial , reasonable , and just course , than a congeries of small sectional societies , composed of partially . informed men , and liable under the impulse of the moment'to commit actions of a violent character , in the absence of an intelligent restraining power . ' Employers arid employed will be mutually benefited by its exis tence and its operations .
Such is a brief outline of the proportions of this infant Hercules , destined , we trust , to perform labour more gigantic , and a thousand times more beneficial than the mythological hero . ]] ' . ' \ It ' . appears . on , the political horizon at a critical period . .. The old parties are dissolved or dissolving . All around us is in a state of rapid transition and mutation .: The commercial idea of buying cheap and selling dear , which has so long excluded all others from the popular mind , is on the point of legislative fruition . . The political convulsions which have attended its j parturition . has shaken to pieces the old system of partizanship ; and the new circumstances which must inevitably arise out of the new position we are about to occupy , will make it impossible for it ever to resume , its old position . .
The advent of such an association as that under notice , is therefore most timely . Its incipient stages are passed ! Its preliminary arrangements are perfected . It is in the . field ready for action . The people must rally ' ; round it . The elevation of man is . its object , '' WEALTH as the mans , MANaa the end , of all social and political institutions , is its leading principle ; and truly the time is come in this England of ours ; when we should no longer jabber like apes the miserable verbiage about farthings and halfpence and half hours , which seem the highest point to which the imaginations of : our legislators can soar .
Never in ancient or modern -times did there exist a nation so teeming with an abundance of all the means of procuring universal abundance and happiness among its people . A kindly sky and fertile soil , rich mineral stores beneath , are dur natural inheritance . Over the surface of the broad land gleam and flash the fires , and clank the hammers , and run the wheels , and roar the engines , which with more than magical rapidity pour forth exhaustlesa wealth . How long shall we be > the slaves of our own inventions ? How long groan and be crushed under the Juggernaut we have erected ?
The time has come when continued endurance wil ' be a crime . The indestructible aspirations of hu . inanity after happiness , the superabundance of the elements for securing to all a superior position , edu . cation ) and enjoyments—the diffusion of intelligence , and the spirit of freedom among the masies , proclaim that the dawn of the day of liberty has arisen . We hear its matin hymn singing around us . Hencefor ward let there be no party but the People . Henceforward no institutions , but those which minister to the welfare of the People . Henceforward no wealth which the People cannot enjoy , as they create , — no privilege in which all may not freely share .
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . In the postscript to our last" review , " announcing the rictory of the Ministry in the Lords , previous to the breaking up for the holidays , we intimated the possibility [ oi a movement for the purpose of ousting Peel from office . The event'has justified the prediction . ¦ The short recesss was scarcely begun when rumours of an intended change became rife . The papers announced that Lord J . Russell had a meeting at Chesham-place of what are called "liberal members , " and informed them of his intention to make . the Irish Coercion Bill in the first place , the Sugar Question in the second , his two battle horses in the struggle to displace his political rival . At the same time statements of a coalition
between the Whig leader and Lord G . Bentinck obtained currency , ! and the journals generally looked upon as best informed on thoso . topic 3 , spoke in a tone that indicated that in their estimation the days of the Pjbkii ministry were numbered . ; . So it is likely to turn out . Monday Right witnessed a coalition in fact , if not in word , between the Protections !; opponents and the Whig rivals of the Premier , of a singularand , as we think , disgraceful description . Russell and Bentinok disavowed any lormal mutual agreement , but both joined in hunting down their common game . With what different feelings ! We can to some extent sympathise with the upholders of the Protective system , and their exasperation at being , ag they conceive , betrayed and deserted by their former leaders . We can understand their
desire for revenge on those who have , as they think , broken faith with them , and handed them over defenceless to the Free Trade party ; butwecannoi account on any honest or honourable prlnciplo of action for the indeoent haste / the hurrying eagerness , with , which Lord J . Russell and the Whiga rush for . ward , almost before the work is done , to seize the places of those who , whatever may be their demerits in the eyes of Protectionists , at all events deserve the credit of being much more successful and practical " Liberal" statesmen than those who rejoice in that name .
Nothing but a greedy hankering after office can explain thiB movement on . the part of the Whigs , and its cowardice is on a par with its selfishness . They did not dare to attempt the carrying of Commercial Reforms themselves—now that these are , as they think , secure , they are anxious to jump into office , and the emoluments , patronage , and enjoy , ments appertaining thereto . They are political cuckoos , whose penchant it is to lay their eggs in nests not built by themselves .
While the great mass of the people are excluded from all direct participation in political power , it matters comparatively little to them who is " Out " or wh& is " In , " and therefore this war for officethis Ministerial crisis , is to them a minor matter . But at the same time , all Englishmen like to see fair play ; and it seems to us , that the junction between Russell and Bentinck at the present moment , is by no means so to be designated .
In addition to this , we believe that the people have much more to hope for from Paisi . than Rcsselu The former has avowedly linked himself with the progressive spirit of the age . If he halts every now and then , and deviates from the straight-forward path occasionally , there is a reason to be found ia his previous education , sympathies , and associates . He was brought up in the " stand-still school , " but the heart arid tendencies oi the man himself are evidently onward . All his changes have been from the sectloDalto the universal—from the crude and petty notions of a limited and party education , to the more comprehensive ideas of a ripening and expanding political manlwood . Toleration of opinion in religioik matters * 'extension of education , the humanizing
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of our sanguinary criminal code ] the introduction , oiL-- ~ grea ^ rirelaxatiotts : 3 nt ©^ short , with the exception of theipolitical question all the other reforms of the agVhavelbeen largely in ! jlebted to him for their practicalintroduction . , 'fiie very reverse has been the course of his wouldbe rival , Loro ! John ' s career has been a succession of lucky hits , independent of the man himself— wherever he has shown hb real nature , ifc has been that of a small narrow-minded partfzan brought up in ^ hereditary school of politicians , . t&e first article of whose , , ^^ of our sanguinary criminal code ] the introduction , oiL *™
creed it was , that they oughi to hare the government of this country in their hands . Why , it would be difficult to say . To be sure they professed liberal opinions ; but they never were in office without basely ani brutally trampling upon those who had raised them ! there , because they believed them sincere . VTliey never were entrusted with the control of . ¦ the affairs , or the finances of the country , without leaving them in confusion and dilapidation . -They never held power without using it to fight against and suppress the very principles which had helped . them to it . " . ;
Of the Whig clique Lord J . Russell is ^ ouHha most incapable of learning : He is not in love with , but afraid of , the onward spirit « f the times .: He is continually whining about ^ Finality . " We '¦ hold that the utterance of such a wordis sofficitotif ilsfelf topreclude any man from assuming to guide the destinies of a great people . ¦• But enough of this . Time will shortly show how the battle goes between the curiously mixed combatants , on the political arena . Should victory for the nonce
incline to the Coalition , it will enly be a temporary triumph . In selecting the Irish Coercion Bill to ^ be defeated upon , if his political enemies can beat him , Sir R . Pbel shows his accustomed acutenesss . It la , after alii more to be looked at in the light of ameai sure of administrative detail , temporary iri its nature and duration , than embodying any general . and indestructible principle . Sir Robert will never again go out of office upon the latter . If defeated on ; tThe present occasion , he will " Wde his time . ' ; , Can . tne country do without him ? If so , for how long ? >
Meantime a General Election must ' tell for the People's cause . The breaking' up of parties will be aided byit , andthe emancipation of the most astute and practical of our statesmen from the old trammels , will leave them free to head the new legislators , whom the growing intelligence of the timewill send to Parliament . ' We shall get out of the barren and circumscribed boundaries of party questions , into the pleasant and far-extending ' regions of national amelioration ; ""• Political ' enfranchisement . Educational improvement , sanitary ; reforms , equitable distributive ar rangements , all show themselves above the political horizon . The FUTURE is full of Hope . * : :
TMtopicB discussed in Parliament this week have baen few , and as all of them will recur again , they will be more effectually criticised when riper for settlement .
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Leicebteb . —In reply to an enquirer , in' . the Star , the address of Mr . Samuel White is No . 36 , Garden Streit , Belgraye Gate , Leicester . ¦ - . ¦ Bitbabodt MiN £ U 8 Tbial . —William ; Daniells begs tc acknowledge the following . sums for assisting the minerB to carry on the , nbove trial : —Lancashire District , 6 s . ; James Gardiner , Berry Edge , is . ; Dawaon .. and Defty , 9 d . ;» friend , 6 d . . To the Minebs of Gbeat Bbitaih . —We request the attention of our friends theminwB , to the following appeal : — ; : - > "Allow me once more to endeavour to show ths readers of the Star , and the miners generally ; the im-- portanoe and necessity of affording a little assistance , in order to enable the above named ill-used men to obtain justice and satisfaction for the injury they have received . I need not recapitulate the infamous and cruel manner in which these men hare been served , that must be fresh in the recollection of all your readers , from my former letters ; they will recollect how the men had one-third of their wages filched from them , by their humane employer , the never-to-be-for . gotten Jackson ; how exorbitant and illegal fines were inflicted upon them ; how their lives were placed in . danger by being cruelly left in the pit ; and how'they tried to obtain redress by law , but were thwarted by the magistrates . Since then I have caused informations to be laid against Jackson , for a violation of Lord , Ashley ' s Act ( 5 aud 6 Victoria ) , and we expected that the hearing would have come on last Thursday , at the
Petty Sessions at Woolcr , but ' owing to a mistake of the men , in not taking out summonses , the absence of some of the principal witnesses , who had promised to attend without summonses , and oi account of the men not being able to engage a professional person to defend them , and conduct tbeir case , we were compelled toapplj fora postponement of the trial for a month , which U now finally fixed to come off on the first Tuesday in July , at Ford . It was well we took this course , for we found the other party intended to move for a postponement , if wa had not dona bo , on the ground that they had not been allowed sufficient time to get up a "defence , but really to cause expense and delay . Under these circumstances ,, and considerisg it to be a national question , I hereby make a laBt appeal to thefriends of justice and haters of wrong to come forward and assist these men to carry on their triaL To the miners of Great Britain I most especially appeal—the cause of the Biteabout men ia tbeir cause ; and , therefore , they have a right to expect assistance from their own trade . The miners in tha
Berwick District have never been backward in supporting their union orin assisting others , and they very naturally now expect assistance , to enable them to defend their injurad brethren ; whether they will obtain it , I know not—hut I do know—they deiint it . Their ' casa is a good one ; and they can only be ' prevented from winning it by want of the means to carry it on . Trusting these men ' s case will yet be taken up , and that subscriptions will be sent to Mr . Uartin Jade , Sun Inn , Side , Newcastle-upon ' -Tyne , or to the under , signed . I am , dear Sir , yours faithfully , William Danieui . 4 , Castle Street , Newca 8 tle-upon-Tyne . OlSE 6 f 1 £ e . Fkofi * . —I beg to acknowledge 4 he receipt « f the following sums for Mr . Frost ' s relief : —Chartists of
Herthyr Tydvil , £ 110 s . ; Evan Williams , butcher , of llerthyr Tydvil , £ 110 s . ; Chartists of Newport , Isle of Wight , « 2 ; Titus S . Broolse , Esq ., DewBbury , £ 1 j Mr , Samuel Cook , Dudley , 5 s .: Mr . W . Leacn , Finching * field , Essex , 5 s , ; Mr . Thomas Broweth , London , 2 s . 6 d . ; Mr . James Perry , do ., 2 s . 6 d . ; MrVH . Shelliker , do ., Is . ; Mr . George Mogg , do ., Is . ; Mr . James Wells , do ., 2 s . ; and also the sum of £ 3 from a patriot and philanthropist , whom 1 am proud to call my friend—Joseph Sturge of Birmingham . I feel it to be a duty to transcribe a part of Mr . Sturge ' s letter , and at the same time must observe that I think its conscientiousnes * worthy of imitation ;—•'' This thou wilt please to have clearly understood , I give from sympathy with John Frost , as a fellow creature in distress and ia exile—but with an unaltered conviction that his conduct at New . port was wrong . " Thomas Cooper .
P . S . —Received since the above , 3 s . from Nicholas Morgan and friends , Monkwearmouth , Durham , and 6 d . from Robert Roberson , Crayford , Kent . Mr . Jcuam Hashe-J has received for Mr . TfroBt , £ 1 from Mr . Sewell ; 2 s . 6 d . from Mr , Oames ' George , Windsor ; a Post-office order from Mr , William Smith , Manchester , for Ms . 6 d . At the time of writing this notice , Mr . Harney has not received cash for the above post-order not having had time to present the order at the office . Mr . Smith ' s letter containing the items of the 14 s . 6 d ., will be found in eur Chartist Intelligence , under the head of "Manchester . " Vaie op Liven . —Petition and letter received with thanks . Joseph Hobneb , Newport . —We think him perfectly right in his observations , and would much prefer having the
money sent by a banker than having it seat by a private hand . He says that the people do not know Mr . Rogers , and that there is a large sum of money collected if Mr . O'Connor will receive it . Mr , O'Connor has such perfect faith in Mr . Rogers , ; that be has sent him the £ 15 voted out of the Victim Fund , together with all monies transmitted for Frost . However , if that old confidence still continues , and if there is the old desire to tranamit nil through the Star , Mr . O'Oon . nor will cheerfully receive it , acknoffledgeit , and transmit it to Mr . Rogers . One thing should be borne ia mind , that any exertion that is to be made should bo made within the following week , as the demand is pressing flHd Should be immediately met . All pergons sending post-office orders , should send the name of the person who obtained them , and the name of the person to whom they are to be paid in London . Our excellent
friend , David Potts of Birmingham , who has sent £ 10 also expresses the dissatisfaction of the Birmingham people at sending the money by private hand . Thomas MUowail , Waippany , North America , wishes ; to know whether he can purchase a share in the Land Society , as he is anxions to return to his family . H * worked with P , and . R , Barnes of Manchester , and if this should meet the eye of any of hit famil y we request them to write to him to tett him that he is at perfect liberty to join the Association . —It is odd that people in America should be anxious to join the Chartist Cooperative Land Society . Wm . RowtiND . — A . % one of the Chartists who recelwd the half crown at Herringsgate , returns Is . 4 d ., & penny being the interest for his share G . Wuhamson , Leeds . —All the portraits for our Leeds Agents were sent oa Monday last , to the cars of Mr , J , Pouter ,
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THE TRADES' CONFERENCE AND THE MOVEMENT . Ik our hasty glance at the Conference of the Trades in Manchester , last week , we could only casually notice some of the more prominent features of that movement . But the position assumed by the Association of which the Conference was the representative body , the Questions which it directly or inferentially raises ; the present state of parties , and its present and [ probable relations to these parties , no less than the decisions of the Conference as to its own immediate affairs and future policy , are full of matter for reflection and demand ampler notice . ;
The labouring bees of the human hive have long been told that it was their own intestine divisions which constituted the strength of the drones . Unity and intelligence on their part would long ere now have compelled such a distribution of the fruits of their labours , as would have at once satisfied the deluands of equity , aud produced harmony in the political and moral world , instead of the discord and misery which result from the present unjust arrangements for the production and distribution of wealth . These truths have , we say , been proclaimed by the teachers of the people for many years , and are no novelty in words at least . Nor have
attempts ] to give them a practical value been wanting . From time to time , the forseeing aud the enthusiastic among the working classes have arisen as apostles of a new order of industry and striven for that universal confederation of the sons of labour , which they felt was an indispensable preliminary to its emancipation from the shackles of capital . Their efforts met the common fate of all premature movements . They failed in producing immediate results , but they cleared the ground of some of the obstructions to tho gaol they aimed at , and made the path easier to those who followed . Though one swallow docs not make a summer , it is a sign that it is not fur off . .
The last great attempt at a General Union of tho Trades was in the years 1833 and 4 , shortly after the working classes discovered as a body that the Reform Bill , which had promised so much , was a hollow mockery to them at least j that , however it might . have feathered the nests of Whig politicians , and realized the anticipations of unprincipled place hunters , it had not in She slightest degree altered their condition . Few of our readers , we imagine , arc not familiar with the movement at that time , either by having been personally mixed up in it , or by hearing frequent descriptions of its leading occurrences , It
was a formidable movement . The Government and the Capitalists were equally alarmed at its extent , and its power , and they showed at once their terror and their hatred , by striking , not the Grand Consolidated Union—not a Metropolitan trade—not at the members of a Manchester , Birmingham , or Leeds association ; but at six poor Dorchester Labourers . A Whig judge was found infamous enough to try these men under tho provisions of an obsolete Act of Parliament , resuscitated for the purpose , and which had no more reference to these peasants than to the man in the moon , inasmuch as the preamble exprtsaly limits its cnaetment to " soldiers mi sailora
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June 13 , 1846 ^ a ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . - ^____ z —w- , ' r = rT = * ¦ ,.....,. ^ .. ^ . —————— .. — MMtB —¦——— ' 7 B ££ . ,
Tho2kas Coopek. The Chartist's Works. J
THO 2 KAS COOPEK . THE CHARTIST'S WORKS . j
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 13, 1846, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1370/page/4/
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