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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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•• SKSSSS- *^ - TUE AMERICAN ANTI-RENTERS . » short paragrap h occasionally appearing in some Affitt&A daily papers has served to inform the £ Vkfeh P ublic of the existence of a party i- America , 1 ^ Anti-Renters . Of this party , however , little £ « tS " toted beyond the fact of the ' r existence , ^ medmes accompanied by a brief , but hostile comment to the effect that these Anti-Renters were a r , t of disorderly anarchists , who , having got posses-¦ f of certain tracts of land , refused to pay rent to
on the iMrtfal landlord . It is known , too , in England , that some time ago there were some disturbances in nj , ' of the counties of the state of New York , in which one of the officers of the law lost his life , and which occasioned the trial and punishment of some of the alleged offenders ; but this is about all that is fcnotrn of this party . Perhaps , at the present time , Ttheu the question of Land Monopoly is exciting so much popular discussion in this country , a short explanation of the origin , history , and aims of the American Anti-Renters may be interesting . first remark that have called
We must although we flus party the American Anti-Renters , this party is really confined—at present—to the State of New fork . There have been in the other states occasional troubles arising ont of the present system of land monopoly , but these have been temporary and unimportant . Anything like an organization of thj disaffected appears to Lave been confined to the state of New York . The Anti-Rent confederation extends through the . counties of Albany , Rensselaer , Columbia , Green , " Delaware , and Ulster . The principal partv against whom this confederation is directed , is the Van Rensselaer family , wlw , as their name testifies , are of Dutch origin . Of course our readers are aware that the state of New Jork was at one time subject to Holland , as it was subsequently subject to England . Atwut the year 1630 the Dutch West India Company having amassed a vast amount ef wealth , chiefly bv robbing the Spaniards and
Portuguese , bought from the Dutch government jerisdietion over a large portion of the land now forming the state of New Tork . This company sent out agents to whom they granted lands , the Van Rensselaer ' s having a nice little slice for their share of about forty square miles . It is only fair to state that a large portion of the lands acquired br the Van Rensselaers' was bought from the Indians , and not only bought , but—what does nut always follow—paid for , iu such valuable coin as glass beads , toys , and similar cheatery , which , though possessing some interest in the eyes of the Indians , were known by { he cIviliBtd and * Christian traffickers to bear no proportionate value to the land purchased by such means . This land , whether acquired by grant , purchase or seizure , was confirmed to the Van Rensselaers by the Dutch authorities , also by tueir English SUCCCSSOR , and , subsequently , the ttepnblican government of New York , in 1 SH , renewed that
confirmation . The ri-hts claimed by the Patroon , as the landholder was called , had their foundation in the feudal system , and the services exacted of the tenantry were of the same character . The patroon and hisofispring were the hereditary governors of the land , with the sole right of appointing all sherife and constables . None but the patroon , or persons permitted by him , were all -wed to hunt or fish c . n the land or waters . To the pa-roon was guaranteed all mines , minerals , all creeks , streams , and other . wattrs . lie also had the exclusive rig ht of erecting mills , mill-dams , aiid nouses , and taking whatever ground he might desire lor the purpose oi working all mines and minerals ; and also Mich firewood and timber as he might want .
Be cuuid make roads where he ( . leased , merely deducting a bushel of wheat irom the rent in consideration of every sixteen acres he might so use and occupy . Another sonrce of plunder was what was called the quarter-sales , bv which the patroon secured to himself one quarter of the entire purchase money Of a farm every time it changed hands . Again the patroon , if he choose , could take the fe-m himself , at a price one J onrth less than it had been sold for . Personal service could be commanded of the tenant , who was bound to bring bis team and waggon to do the drudgery ordered by his lord . Lastly , at stated periods , the tenants were bound to bring contributions of fowls , gees ? , and other stock to the mansionhouse of the patroon . or at somespot within a mile of the houseto be fixed by the patroon .
, Of course rent was exacted in addition to all other exactions . For some generations the land monopolised by the Van Rensselaers was to a great extent unoccupied and uncultivated , but the unexampled increase of population and trade since the revolution has made nearly every inch of this iand of great value , until now , " besides isolated farms—villages , towns , and even a portion of Albany , the capital city of New York , pay rent to the Van Rensselaers . Thus in the midst of the republican state of New York the descendant of a Durch adventurer lords it over thousands of men who boast that they are freemen , and tall tbemseives democrats . But freedom and aristaemev cannot eo-exist , and tie patroon Van Rensselaer is as mnch an aristocrat as is the Duke of
Devonshire . Although very early in the straggle , the disaffected farmers received the appellation of Anti-Renters , the non-payiBg of rent was not contemplated by them at the outset . At the commencement of the struggle all that the tenants demanded was the removal of the monopolising restrictions , and the abrogation of the odious services to which thev were subjected in addition to the rent-charge , lor a period of abuut forty years the discontent of the tenantry had been visible and been visibly growing . At Jenatb , in 1839 . the tenamry be-an meeting together , and commenced making tiieir wrongs known through the me Hum of public a ^ zmbhes . Redtess was promiseu by the Pairuou , but the
promise was all , and the agitation went on . A number of the tenantry n =. w refused to pay rent until such time as their grievances were redressed . The Patroon , finding the supplies stopped , appealed to the law to compel the refractoay tenants to pay . Writs were issued , but in many instances the paraes serving them met with resistance—moral resistance , of course , and the writ-servers were sent back to their masters with no result save that sometimes they got well thrashed , but were oftener more frightened lhan hurt . The sheriff himself next undertook the disgraceful work of attempting the coercion of the wronged tenants ; he was met by s-me hundreds of farmers on horseback , and compelled to march back again . The military were next "called out
to vindicate the " majesty of the law , " and now ensued scenes which have been of common occur reire iu Ireland , but which noneconld have supposed would have taken place in America , where theoretically aristocracy cannot exist , and military ruffianism is an outrage against the constitution . Some hundreds of troops , horse , foot , arid artillery , occupied the disturbed district , by ihese the non-pajiug tenants were ousted from their farms , some of tbem at midnight , amidst snow , storm , and winter ' s cold . This was in the winter of 1839 . One fact is worthy of notice , that some of the young soldiers subsequently died from the effects of the hardships they had had to contend with ia their degrading campaign against men who were merely defending their own again-t a marauding aristocrat .
In the year 1840 , * ' commissioners" were appointed by the New York Legislature for the purp-jseof effecting a " settlement between the contending parties . Van Rensselaer , however , would not bate his " pound , of flesh , " and the commissioners concluded their labours with "a report / in which they acknowledged that the government of Holland , in granting to the Patroans ihe exclusive privileges possessed by the Van Rensselaers " contemplated the establishment of a landed and baronial aristocracy , " as though this wasanyjnstifacation of the Patroonery usurpation I In getting the " Report , " of course , the tenants got all the commis 6 ioneis would or could give them . For a time the agitation slumbered , but , eie long , broke out again , more fiercely than ever .
The revived agitation was proclaimed bv the starting of a newspaper called the JHderlerg Advocate this was in 1841 . In the winter of that year a new class of the disafilcted appeared on the stagenamely , "the Indians . " These "Indians" were farmers , and sympathisers with the farmers , ^ » h >< , colouring their faces , and dr-ssing themselves in the fanciful garb of Red Indians , and imitating tueir gestures and whooping , made it their business to attend all attempted sales , where the property of the farmer was to be sold for non-payment of rent , for the purpose of seeing " fair play ; " they also had a fancy for looking out for sheriff ' s officers , who were on the trail of honest farmers , and these gentry they usually walked home again . These " Indians" were enabled to justify their rather extraordinary doings by a not very old , although very Illustrious ,
precedent in their country ' s history . It will be remembered , that the first outbreak against the English taxing system was at Bostop , where a number of Americans , disguised as In vars , boarded the ships in the harbour , and seizing the taxed tea , threw it into the water . These Boston " Indians" ar immortalised because they were successful in resisting a paltry tax . " The Indians'" of New York , on the other hand , have been proscribed , and bunted down by the Republican venerators of the Bostonian "Indians , " although they have struggled against a still more plundering tax , and a still more infamous 8 ? stem of tyranny than ever attempted by the British Government . But the Anti-rent ' Indians , " iavertus / or been unsuccessful , and we know that that makes all the difference . " The reason treason never succeeds is , because when it does , none dare « aU it treason "
In 1812 a peaceful agitation was maintained , a great number of meetings were held , and a proporwnatenumber of new and clever speakers made
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* heir appearance . Amongst them was Thomas Ainge Devyr , an exile from this country but recently settled in America . Mr . Devyr ia well known to the Radical Reformers of the North of England . In 1838-39 Mr . Devyr was managing editor of the Northern Liberator , his connection with which , and the part he took in the Chartist agitation caused the insertion of his name in the list of the proscribed and persecuted . At that time when tyranny was rampant , when to be suspected was to be
condemned , when regardless of even the usual formalities , the middle class jurors the moment a Chartist was consigned to their tender mercies , bellowed out " away with him , away with him , crucify him , crucify him , " at that time Mr . Devyr " shook the dust off his feet" as a testimony against the despotism he had ever opposed , and quitted England for the United States , where he speedily made himself useful in stirring up the Americans to use their political franchise for the attainment of the social ends which can alone make the American Republic
a veritable commonwealth of freemen . About the same time that Mr . Devyr joined the Anti-Reniagjtation . Dr . Bough ton , subsequently one of the Anti-Rent martyrs , appears to have associated himself with thej movement . During 1843 the agitation Beems to have somewhat flagged . In 1844 , it again revived . In this year also commenced the more comprehensive agitation of the National Reformers . In the winter ot 1844 several large assemblies of "Indians" took placejin Albany County where they prevented several sale 3 , and amused themselves by erecting liberty poles . On tha ] lth of December a large bodj of the " Indians" " arrested" the Sheriff and burnt his papers . About a week afterwards Dr . Bou » hton , one of the Anti-Ren t speakers , was arrested on the charge of having officiated as " Big
Thunder" in commaml ' of the " Indians" who had burnt the sheriff ' s papers . Public excitement increased , troops were again sent into the disaffected district , ami amongst these was a corps called the " Emmett Guards "—sad desecration of an illustrious name , when those who bore it could be found willing to engage in the enterprise of proppropping up the despotism of land-stealing aristocrats . From December 1844 up through the dog days of the summer 1845 , Dr . Bongbton and several otfier persons were kept confined in Hudson gaol , and denied liberation though bail was offered . This is not all . Russell Dorr , a judge of Colombia county , was dismissed by the governor of New York , for contending to the prisoners the right of Habies Corpus , with a view to have them admitted to bail . So much for " Republican" justice !
In August , 1845 , an under Sheriff , named Steele , was shot by the "Indians" at an attempted sale of property belonging to a farmer , named Moses Earl , in Andes , Delaware county . Steele had first fired at the Indians and , therefore , justly got his quietus . The death of Steele was the signal for commencing a " reign of terror . " Governor Wright , of New York , issued a proclamation declaring Delaware county in a state of insurrection , at the same time letting loose the military upon the disaffected district . Thesoldiery scoured ihe country , arrested all who were pointed out as suspected , and fired at all who did not immediately surrender , and submit to be dragged to gaol as felons .
i In the latter end of September , 1845 , the Anti-Rent prisoners were put upon their trial to the number of | upwards of one hundred . The cry had been raised , | "property" in danger , " and , of course , the property-holders had no difficulty in getting a vcrdictagainst the victims . The sentences passed on the prisoners , will inform the British public of the names of these American victims to Laud Monopoly . * Dr . Boughton was found guilty of " robbery , " that is of having taken the papers from the sheriff . In addressing him the judge ( Edwards ) said , " Your offence , though in form it is presented to us as robbery , it is in fact high treason , rebellion against your government , armed insurrection againt the tuvremacv of ihe laws " The judge reproached him
with having come as " a volunteer from another county" to excite by " a species of popular eloquence" disturbance in a county of which he was not a resident . The judge thus concluded : — " You have rendered it necessary that the court should cause you to be a warning example of the certain consequences of such conduct . You are , therefore , to be withdrawn for the residue of your life from the society whose peace you have so wantonly disturbed , and whose laws you have so violently and so frequently violated , in the confident hope , that from the example of your fall , all may learn the salutary lesson that the supremacy of the laws must and will be maintained . The sentence of jthe Court is that you be confined in the state-prison ' Jn the county of Clinton , at hard labour , FOE THE TERM OF YOUR
NAXURAL LIFE . John Van Steenberg , and Edward O'Connor had been found guilty of the " murder" of Steele , the under sheriff All that was proved against them was that they were present at the sale when Steele was killed , it was not even proved that they fired , or made use ef any arms beyond merely carrying them , -butas the property-holders were determined to make examples , these two innocent men were selected and found guilty of " murder . " In language combining cant and ferocity , which in this country we have been used to hear fr « m an A binder , the judge ( Parker ) sentenced each of the prisoners to be hung , in the following terms : — "It is the judgment of the Court that you be taken hence to the place from whence you came , and that on Saturday the 29 th day of November next you be taken to the place of executionand bung until tod are dead !
, The following persons were sentenced to imprisonment . Daniel W . Squires , Moses Earle , Zera Pres ton , and Daniel Nortbrup . each pleaded "Jguilty" } tt > manslaughter in the first degree . States Prison for life ! John Phoenix , John Burtch , James Lathan , Wrn Reside , and Isaac L . Burhans , also pleaded guilty to manslaughter in the first degree . States Prison for seven years . Calvin Madison , do for ten years . William Brisbane , pleaded guilty to manslaughter in the stcond degree . States Prison for seven years . Charles T . McCumber , pleaded guilty to robbery in the 2 d degree . States Prison for seven years . Wm . Jocelyn pleaded guilty to manslaughter in the 4 th degree . States Prison for two years .
TJ : < e following persons were , severally , fined the sueas affixed to their names . Robert Scott , 500 , Chauncey P . Woolcott , 150 , John Lockwood , 150 , Miles Bromlee , 150 , Hiram B . Keeley , 150 , Confine Conley , 100 , George Lynch , 100 , —John Davis , WO , Levi Jenkins . 75 , Archibald McNair , 50 , William Brvant , 50 , Andrew A . Liddle , 50 , John O . Liddle , 50 , —Homer Burgin , 50 , Ilomer Sandford , 50 , J . A . Mills , 50 , John Oliver , 50 , Nathan Trvis , 50 , Levi Sandford , 50 , David L . Scudder , 50 . Harvey Hubble , SO , Abel A . Fuller . 50 , JoLn M . Beardsley , 50 , John A . Mills , 50 . —Robert Rutherford , 30 , Valentine Kettle , 25 . James Barnhart , 23 , LeviDelamater , 25 , —Riefaard flalcott , 25 , CalviD Chace , 23 . Sentenee was suspended on a great number of persons who were set at liberty on their " good behaviour . "
The brutal sentence of death passed upon Van Steenberg and O'Connor was not carried out . After keeping the unfortunate men in a state of mental torture , Governor Wright commuted their sentence to imprisonment for life . Within the past month some few of the minor offenders , who had been condemned for dr . s-ing themselves in Indian disguises have been liberated : but ihe great majority remain close prisoners . For some months succeeding the trials , despair , and apathy seemed to take possession of the Anti-Renters ; " these dark days have , however , come to an end , and the party is o ' nee more rallying its forces with new adhesions and continual additions to its ranks . They have recently nominated their candidates in several districts for seats in the Legislature , and are at this time , through the medium of the ballot-box , fighting the battle of a free soil against the over-reaching monopoly of landlordism .
The Anti-Rentere have two large newspapers , the Albany Freeholder , and the Anli Renter , also published at Albany . Mr . Devyr is the editor of the Anti-Renter . It is to his papers that we ; are mainly indebted for the above facts . ... The above is an outline of the history of Anti-Rentism . It may asked " What is Anti-Rentism to us ? Wha * have we to do with the American Anti-Kenters V In our opinion the cause and the party concerns us much . The land-monopolists are the enemies of the people all over the world , and a blow struck at the enemy even in America , cannot be struck without its effects beinz felt in other countries . Besides , we
consider it to be one of the first of duties incumbent upon Reformers , that they should understand the objects and principles of their brother Reformers in all parts of the world . The doctrine that what takes plaee out of " our own country" does not concern us , isas selfish , stupid , and absurd , as the dictum of the American Judge when sentencing Dr . Boughton , that a man residing in one [ county , has no business with the affairs of his neighbours in another county . The history of the Anti-Rent struggle proves how little mere political changes will effect fpr the happiness of the many , unless the many understand tbu causes and remedies for social wrongs . Ihe monstrous robbery of the lands of New York by the Van
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Rensselaers , approved of and confirmed by the Dutch and English governments , should'not have been allowed to exist for one moment after the overthrow ^ of the English monarchial despotism . True , the political privileges exercised by the Van . Rensselaers , of acting as hereditary chief magistrate , with the power of appointing peace-officera , Ac ., were taken from them , but in all other respects their monstrous privileges—even the exclusive right oi hunting Oil fllltllG lauds , and fishing en all the waters , owning their domination , were conserved to them . The alacrity which has been shown by law officers , soldiers , jurors , and judges to uphold the usurpation of the landlords , proves the immense power possessed by these veritable aristocratsand forms a sad commentary on the
, text , " All men are born free and equal . " The despotic influence of wealth has also been shewn in the course pursued by the press . With ' . tue exception of the Anti-Rent journals , Young America , and the New York Tribune , scarcely a paper throughout the state of New York , but hounded on the Government to persecute the Anti-Renters , and clamoured for their blood . These facts prove that the power of aristocracy in so-called" free" America , is almost as great as in Europe . Iu reprinting the names and sentences of the Anti-rent martyrs , we do so n <> t only because on a former occasion the list published in this paper was imperfect , but because also these victims of land-robbing tyranny are still suffering for their patriotism , The names of such men should be
kept before the world that , if possible , tbe ^ Government of New York may be shamed into wiping out this stain upon republicanism , or , if that is impossible , that the people of that state may be stimulated to enforce the liberation of Patroonery S Victims . If Boughton , Van Steenberg , O'Connor , and the other victims are justly punished as rebels , then the revolutionists of ' 76 were also " rebels , _ and the British Government was justified in attempting their ¦ ubjugation by military force . But if , as we hold , Washington , Jefferson , Franklin , and their compatriots were really justified in their revolt against British tyranny , then the Anti-renters are at least equally to be justified for revolting against a still more monstrous tyranny ; and those who have
condemned Boughton , Van Steenberg , O ' Connor and other victims to perpetual imprisonment have proclaimed themselves enemies to republicanism and traitors to the Declaration of Independence . The Americans have one immense advantage over the people of this country , they possess the suffrage , if , therefore , they fail to correct the anomalies of their social system it is their own fault . Their fathers by force of arms redeemed themselves from political vassalage , by other means the present generation may perfect the good work commenced by the men of the past . "The Press , the Platform , and the Ballot Box , " are legitimate and may be made effectual means to bring dowa landlordism . The people of the States have the game in their own hands— "if they will , they may be free . "
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WP I THE INSURRECTION IN PORTUGAL .
On the 18 th of October news was received at Lisbon that the troops sent to Cintra had been completely beaten with severe loss , and forced ' to retire in confusion . Up to the 18 th only 1 , 500 men had enlisted in the seven national battalions newly created by Saldanha since the 7 th Oct ., and this number are all public officers . To protect the lines around Lisboa requires a force of not less than 20 , 000 men , but the government will not be able to muster more than a fourth of that number ? A messenger from Coiaibra arrived at Lisbon on the 18 th bringing intelligence that the advanced guard of the popular forces was at Leira .
On the 19 th a supplement of the piario came out appointing the King Commander-in Chief of the army . The same also appoints tbe eldest prince , " a child under ten years of age , Colonel of the Queen's Grenadier Guards ; and his brother some two years younger is appointed midshipman to tbe Vasco da Gaina ! At Evora the 6 th Cagadores and 5 th cavalry joined the people . On the 20 th news was received that Lamego and Vizeu had declared for the popular movement , as well as the 9 : h , 12 th , and 14 th infantry Regiments iu those districts , and Castllo Branco . This information was followed by the intelligence that other bodies of troops had gone over to the popular side . A great number of persons have been arrested at Lisbon .
On the 21 st and 22 nd general consternation through t ; . e violent measures adopted by the government to force all classes of people to take up arms in defence of the Queen . The workmen of the naval arsenal refused to enlist or to take up arms , the gates were closed on them . As prisoners they said they would take up arms . After this they were allowed
to reure . On the 2 nd , certain information reached Lisbon , that the province of Alinho was in full revolt . Trasos-Muntes , Beira-Alta , Baixa , and the EstremaUura , had followed the example of Minho . The whole district of Villa Heal had also joined the movement . Up to the 24 th , the desertions from the " national" battalions continued nightly , the deserters taking their arms with them . Turee thousaud revoluriouiats were then collected at Cintra . On the
evening of the 23 rd , tbe civil g .-vernor and ail the authorities from Santarem ; they fled in great precipitation in consequence of the people having revuJted , and proclaimed ( for the pronouncement . It was known in Lisbon that the Viscount Sa da Baudeira had quitted Lisbon , as was supposed to head the revolutionists . It was reported in Lisbon on the 24 th , that official accounts ( so stated ) have arrived . Gen . Salazar was completely beaten by the Ibices of Evora , and had fled in great distress and severe loss .
From Oporto we have news of the strength of the popular forces formed to march upon Lisbon . The first brigade , commanded by the Saron Dos Tornoa de Olgoduez , was composed of a battalion of chasseurs , a regiment of foot artillery , a regiment of infantry , and the municipal guard of Oporto . The second brigade , commanded by Oerunimo Progado de Ulivie a Leiton , consisted of a , battalion of chasseurs , and three regiments of infantry . The third brigade , commanded by Joachim Eusedio Moratz , was formed of a battalion of chasseurs and four iegiments of infantry . Besides these forces there was a division of « uvalry composed « f the horse municipal guard , and lour regiments under the orders of
Baron de Cas&l . The artillery was under the command of Juan Mauoel Pereira . All these troops were placed under the command of Count Das Antas as general-in-chief , and Leopold bino us chief of the staff . On £ the 14 th the first brigade commenced its march towards Lisbon , amidst the enthadatic shouts of tbe population of viva la liberti Das Antas left on ihe 15 th . On . Monday the 19 th ! the second brigade commenced its march . Fur tbe service of the city of Oporto turee battalions of artizans were e&- ' rolled , who elected their own officers , and mounted guard on the morning of the 16 th . The Duke oi ' Terceira was removed from the Foz toa prison in the , centre of the city , where he is moce safely in the keeping of the popular party .
On the 2 ith , the total strength of the forces on the Queen , was estimated at 5 , 580 men , and 5 C 0 horse- ; while the forces on the popular side were estimated at 12 , 410 ineu , and G 30 horses . The txtent to which the tusurrectiou has spread may be collected from the fact that the royal authority i < only acknowledged in Lisbon , and through a space of some dozen miles round it . Later Intelligence . — By the arrival of the ThaiueB , West mdia Mail packet , we have
intelligence from Lisbon , to the 29 th of Octobir , at which date the city was quiet , but under the expectation of an attack from Oporto . It wa 8 rumoured that Schwalbrack had gained suine advantages over patriots in the neighbourhood of Einra . At Oporto on the 31 st ult , the Thames heard that 3 , 000 troops had marched against Lisbon , under the command' ot Come das Astas , and on the 28 th , about 600 men marched against the Baron of Casal , aud Viseount Vigvais , commanding the royal troops in the Minho . The British fleet was off the mouth of the Tag us .
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McRDKns in Feasce . —A rich farmer named Teissier , of Dunfries , in , the Haute Loire , was murdered ia the following manner : —During a heavy storm a man knocked at his door and implored shelter , M . Teisser rose and admitted him , but hardly had the stranger entered when he drew forth a pistol and Bhot M . Teisser dead . He then made his escape , but from some information given by Mme . Teissier , who ruBliedoutofher bed when she heard tlie report of the pistol , —there is reason to believe that the murderer was a tenant of her husband , and his known enemy . He and another man , supposed to be his
aecemplice , have been taken into custody . A woman , named Poyelle , the wife of a farm labourer , was tried by the Court of Assize of the Somme , on the 29 th ult ., for the murder of her husband during his sleep , and after a quarrel in which he had reproached her for her general bad conduct , and the criminal intercourse she was carrying on with a neighbour , and which he detected . The prisoner was found guilty , but the jury declared that there were extenuating circumstances , and she was only sentenced to six years imprisonment with hard labour .
An accident occurred on Saturday , on the Birmingham and Derby line , near Burton-ou-Trent . At the spot where this casualty took place , the line crosses a canal upon the level by means of a swing bridge , and as the train to Birmingham approached it , a barge was passing along . Before the bridge csuld be turned to its proper position , the train was up , and the engine dashed across the caual and embedded itself in the opposite bank , the tender being dragged along with it , The engineer and stoker jumped oil ' , and escaped unhurt ; but the guard sustained serious injuries . A second-class carriage next the tender was smashed to atems ; fortunately it did not contain passengers , and the other carriages escaped with a violent concussion , which alarmed the passengers , but not one sustained any injury . The other traius were delayed for several hours .
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FRANCE . The price of wheat is increasing everywhere in v rauce . r lhe floodB are retiring , although fresh accounts of disasters continue to be received in Paris , ( borne particulars will be found in another column . ) A number of persons implicated in the late diaturoances in the Fauborg St . Antoine , have been condemned to short terms of imprisonment . Some of the Paris journals animadvert very severely on the royal " ordinance" published in the Moniteur of Friday , whereby 300 . 000 francs are alloted to the Foreign Office , for unforseen and extraordinary " secretexpenses . " It may be worth mentioning , that there arc now three sorts of " Fonda Secrets , "
namely , 1 , 000 , 0001 . granted to the Government , in the course of the session , in the way of a " Vote of confidence ; " 932 , 000 f , granted , in the annual budget to the Home Minister , for ' * Secret police exnences ; " and 650 , 000 f . also thus regularly granted to the Foreign Office , likewise for "Secret expenses . " Besides these sums . M . Guizot had awarded to him , a week or two back , by an ordinance , for expense of couriers and diplomatic missions , an extraordinary credit of 200 . 000 francs ; and now he haa another credit of 300 , 000 francs for " Extraordinary secret expenses . " France is paying rather dearly for M . Guizot ' s " diplomatic triumph " at Madrid .
SWITZERLAND . All is quiet at Geneva . Accounts to the 20 th of October bring the result of the elections and a report of the first session of the Council-General . All remains tranquil . M , Fazy-Pasteur was elected president , Antoinne , Tarteret , and Telleiex , were appointed vice-presidents , and MM . Raisin and Goy , secretaries . The government of Lucerne has given notice to the cantonal government that it will not recognise the new government of Geneva , and expressed a hope that all the cantons friendly to order will follow this example . In the new Grand Council of Berne a motion has been carried almost unanimously , to the efiecfc that all citizens who have studied in Jesuit schools or colleges , shall be excluded from all public employments . All the Catholic deputies of the Jura , with the exception of two ultramontanes , have voted for this measure .
ITALY . Popular excitement still continues . The slightest movements of his Holiness are the observed of all observers , and nightly almost if he called to the balcony of his Palace in the Quirinal , to give the "Benedizibne . " The whole weight of government seems to depend on his single head . All the cardinals are opposed to him except two—the secretary , and another . The former , Grizzi , resigned the other Any , saving that he had laboriously devised what he consul red healthy measures ) which , on producing them in the Council , all were ridiculed and contemed by the Cardinalic Council to a man . His Holiness refused the resignation , and said he would do without the cardinals , and accordingly he established a Council of State of his own , without including in it a single cardinal . InDiario diRoma are gazetted the names of the new Council , and their proposed
functions . The people declare that this , shall be the last pope —meaning that , if anything happens to him , ; they will never suffer another . The cardinals are in great danger , and certainly I have not seen one since I have been in Rome . I fancy they are lying by . Even if the present pope were to die suddenly , from natural causes , the populace would be outraged , and swear that Pius IX . bad come to an untimely end . and so take vengeance on the supposed criminals . Cardinal Lambiuschini has been detected in a quasi treasonable correspondence—the original letter having found its way into ( he Pope ' s hands . Pius sent for him , tore it in fragments before his f ice , and told him to " sin no more . " Cardinal della Genga has been still more deeply engaged in plotting with Austria , along with certain old jobbing functionaries here ; the belief in town is , that his eminence is now lodged in the Castle of St . Angelo .
POLAND . Gallicia is still in a disturbed state . The German Journal of Frankfort quotes a letter of the 18 th from Lemborg , announcing that deiaehments of cavalry , commanded by sub-lieutenats , and accompanied by priests , patrol the high roads . They have their carbines loaded , and are ordered to fire upon all who make any resistance ; and tho priests are at hand to administer the last sacrament to those who are mortally wounded . Edward Denibowski , who was secretary to the late revolutionary Government at Cracow , is still point' d out as the director of tbe resistance from the peasants . Numerous patrols are movina near the confines of Hungary , watching , it is said
the proceedings of the refugees concealed in the Carpathian mountains . The Orodno Gazette ( Russian ) has the following article : — " Almost at the same time that the Polish insurrection broke out in Cracow and Galicia , in February this year , similar revolutionary attempts were prepared in Lithuania , by an emissary of the name of Rohn , by means of a secret correspondence . Several persons , all belonging to the circle of Breieslitsuwski , in the government of Grodno , have been found to be' implicated in this affair ; inconsequence of this his Majesty the Emperor has heen pleased to order the Governor-General of Lithuania to sequestrate all the landed property of ihese persons , in whatever part of the empire it may
be situated
GREECE . Advices have been received from Athens so recent as the 20 th . The Chamber of Deputies had concluded the discussion upon the budget , Upon tho proposal of the Minister of Finance , it was resolved that no change would be made , but that things should remain in the same footing as last year . Letters from the interior of the country bring sad accounts of violence and robbery committed there by bands ot brigands : and in more than one case these ruffians have used the torture of boiling oil to force persons , reputed , to reveal where they had hid their money . Several cases of piracy have also occurred in the Gulf ofPreveBa . SPAIN . There has been a partial outbreak at Sarragossa , evidently concocted by the police to serve the purposes of the present infamous government .
SWITZERLAND . Later accounts from Switzerland mention that the Council of Basle adopted on the 39 th ult ., by an immense majority , the proposition for a revision of the constitution . Tho Rtvue de Geneve of the 31 st ult . announces that the Grand Council had . refused to accept the re 8 ignation of the members of the Provisional Government . It had approved all the acts of their administration , and invited them to continue in the discharge of their duties . On the other hand , the Government of Lucerne had notified to the other States of the Confederation its determination to regard as illegal and not acknowledge the revolutionary
Government of Gteneva . " We feel bound , " says the members of the Government , " to declare , in the name of the state of Lucerne , to the high federal directory , and to all our confederates , that we do not , recognize the toi-disoMt Provisional Government established in the canton of Geneva by the revolt of the 7 th and 8 tli of October , and that we will not recognise the authorities who may hereafter be elected or appointed by the revolutionary Government . We firmly trust that all the confederated states desirous to maintain order and the constitutional institutions will concur in our sentiments and join us in that measure . " WEST INDIES . NEARLY EIGHTY MKN-OF-WAR AND MERCHANTMEN WRECKED !! ARRIVAL OF GENERAL PAREDES .
THE EX-PRESIDENT OF MEXICO , IN ENGLAND . , The Royal Mail Steamer Thames , arrived at Southampton ! on Wednesday evening , bringing intelligence of a most disastrous hurricane which happened at Havannah on tlie 10 th and Ilth of October . Among the passengers brought by the Thames is General Parede ^ the ex-President of Mexico . The Thames was detained at Havannah by her Majesty ' s Consul-General , in conseqnencu of the city time to communicate with their correspondents in Europe .
List of British merchantmen lost or damaged by the hurricane : Edward Hayes , 213 tons , Dsinton , barque , sunk ; Novel , 18 !) , Laine , brig , sunk ; Susan , 162 , Manson , brig , dismasted ; 1 ' reuipt , 210 , Dunlop , brig , damaged Wilson , 245 , Campell , brig-, damaged ; Magdelene , shooner , 132 , bowsprit gone , and much damaged ; Agnes Jane , 250 , Riuhardson , barque , ashore , dismaeted , and otherwise much damaged ; William Murray , brig , US , dismasted and damaged ; Minstrel , 218 , Fuller , much damaged . 30 . Spani 8 h , ; 2 Russian , 1 Bremen , 1 Danish , 1 Dutch , 1 French , and 1 Brazilian merchantmen , totallywrecked , ashore , or otherwise damaged . Fbench Ships of Wab . — Andromeda ( frigate ) ashore , top-masts gone ; Blonds ( corvette ) , on her beamends , masts gone ; Tonnere ( steamer ) , all her masts aud funnel gone .
Spanish Ships of Wab . —Hahnero ) ( brig ) , cutwater injured ; Ccnstitucion ( brig ) , totally lost ; Labordo ( brig ) , totally lost ; NcrviBB ( brig ) , slightly damaged ; Laborde ( brijf ) , wrecked . Schooners , —Polka , Creolla , Infanta , sunk . Steamers . —Montezuuia , ashore , foremast gone , bows stove in ; Guadaloupe , ashore ; Baian , ashore . Two passage steamers were wracked , and the Quarantine hulk was a total wreck ; the William Ruston , an Englisn brig was safe aud sound .
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Dbath of Admiral DurERRB . —The paris papers of Tuesday announced the death ot Admiral Dupcrre , one of thi most distinguished officers in the French navy , and , a few years ago , Minister ot Marine . Admiral Dupcrre died at Paris on Monday last , after an illness of several months , lie was in the 72 nd year of a » e , having been born at La Rochelle on the 20 th of February , 1775 .
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/; ^ ^ , ljRELAM ) . _ .. . STATE-OF THE COUNTRY . Outrages continue to occur in Various parts of the provinces though not to such an extent as a few weeks ago , the following is a selection from the more recent accounts : — The Anglo-Celt ( Cavan paper ) states : — A party of men broke last night into the hous
On Saturday night last a party of men visited the house of Flanagan , the bailiff of Mr . Montgomery , of the Cullentra estate , and attempted to break it open . Flanagan filed two shots at them without effect . The men obtained admittance , and proceeded first to beat him ia a brutal manner , and then to cut him about the body with knives , One of his assailants then remarked that Flanagan must have sustained some injury in jumping the ditches to make his seizures , and required scarifying on the buck and hips . This was accordingly done , Before the savageB went away one of them told their unhappy victim , that , should he survive , and continue his trade , tbe next operations would be with lead . The Westmeath Guardian says :
On Saturday laat another diabolical attempt to take the life of a human being was made near the police barracks of Balinea at an early hour in the evening . The victim in this instance was a most respectable farmer , Mr . M'Kcon , of Lynn . He was returning from a farm at Stokestown , of which he got possession about flix months since , and when about midway between Ladiston and Belmont , he was fired at by an assassin who lay concealed in the planting that skirts the road , but , providentially , he missed his aim , and the ball wai found in the opposite ditch Mr . M'Keon received several threatening notices since he took the farm , and his herdsmen not long since was waylaid on tho land , and severely beaten . The police wero most active in their senrch for the assassin on Saturday evening , but we regret to say , that up to the present he has escaped . Parsonstown , Oct . 30 . —This town is in a state of
great excitement , every hour brings news of attacks by the people on flour : the police and military are flying about in all directions . Upwards of tweaty loads of flour left here this morning for Shannon Harbour , escorted by two companies of tbe 16 th and 88 th depots , which it is supposed will reach their destination in safety ; but it is reported that some cars which started a few hours later were attacked , and several bags of Hour taken . There are rumours from every side of the people "helping themselves , " and perhaps in many instances they would starve to death if the opportunity was not offered them . A few minutes since as two cars , laden with fluur , and accompanied by armed men belonging
to Mr . Dowd , of Roscrea , were coming into town , and had reached Setfin , witbirv a quarter of a mile of tbe town , they were stopped by about 150 men and women ; the latter , armed with knives , cut open the bags and carried off the flour in their aprons ; but whilst doing so , one of the officers of the 16 th depot happened to pass , and interfered : but as he was likely to suffer defeat , and perhaps bodily injury , he managed to get upon one of the cars , and seiz ' ng a bayonet , which he used as a spur , he gallopped to the Court-house , and returned with a load of police . Five persons have been arrested , and will probably undergo . trial 'to-morrow , as tho Quarter Sessions are now being held .
During last night it was necessary to keep a body of police and military at the Rape Mills , midway between this and Banagher , in order to prevent the bridges from being further broken down , as was contemplated by the country people , in order to prevent the flour from proceeding . In some small villages in the neighbourhood bread cannot be obtained , as the bakers here will not any longer run the risk of sending it on the road . Altogether this part of tbe country is in a very alarming state—the people are becoming desperate , and unless prompt and powerful measures be adopted it is impossible to foretell what the consequences inay ' be .
The most unfavourable accounts are still from the western provinces . The Tyruwley Herald , published in Mayo , contains the following : — Ballina . —Accounts arc reaching us every day of persons dying from the want of . sufficient nutritious food , and in this state the unhappy creatures are permitted to cantiuue , The public works , from which the people expected to obtain some little relief , have not yet commenced , and the markets are so high , the few shillings any are fortunate enough to earn in a week are by
no means adequate for the wants of themselves and families . We regret to state that on Tuesday last , a woman , named Uridget Thomas , died of actual starvation within a short distance of Ballj castle . It was sworn to at the inquc-st that she had net taken more than one scanty uieal per day for the last fortnight , und ou tome occssions she had nothing whatever to support nature . There are hundreds of poor creatures in the same locality who are similary circumstanced , and if immediate relief is not afforded , they too will meet with the tame dreadful death .
From Donegal , and other parts of Ulster , there are very bad accounts : — Ballvshannon , Oct . 30 . —We regret to state that the distress in this part of the country is daily becoming more alarming—starvation has all but set in , and no employment given as yet to the furnishing poor . Id one village alone , MuUaghmore , there are oue hundred ami twenty-nine families , comprising the number of seven hundred aud twenty-eight persons , who are solely depend ent on six acres of corn , having lost all their potatoes , the food on which they mainly existed . In the parish there are ten thousand human beings , out of which large number ouly two hundred and forty-eight poor creatures are at work . This is a sad pi- 'ture of suffering , and calU aloud forproirpt remedy .
Monechan , Oct . 31—The prospect which we have to announce this week is more cheering than the last . Works for the employment of thousands of hungry beings will be in progress iu the course of next week , and the patience of the people will be rewarded . The working classes are in terrible distress . They are living on fsod that in a week or two will bring epidemics of the worst description in its train—coarse cabbage leaves , halfboiWed—turnip tops stolen from the fit-Ids are being eaten in the cabins as the only food to support existence for twenty-four hours .
Cuns . —More Robbery of Arms . —A daring outrage has been perpetrated on John Griffin , Esq ., of Glen Cottage , near Quin , whose residence was broken into on Tuesday night last by a party , who demanded his fire-arms . They obtained one old musket . This , however , did n » t satisfy them , but placing Mr . Griffin on his knees , they commanded liim to swear that lie had no more arms in his possession , and on his refusing to do so , beat him in a most brutal and savage manner , —Clare Journal . Attempt to ! Shoot . —On Monday evening as T . Bridge , Esq ., of Cottage , near Roscrea , was returning home from the residence of W , U . Bireh , Esq ., where he had dined , and when in his own lawn , and about twenty yards from his hall door , he heard the snap of a pistol in a plantation convenient to the dwelling , which must have missed fire , as he perceived no flash from it . Minute search waa immediately made by tbe Roscrea police , but no trace of the party could be found . —Nenagh Guardian .
OjOKir op WAtBBFORD . —On last Saturday niglit , about twelve o ' clock , the widow Mitcliel ' s outhouse aud liaggard , in Ballyeullane , a few miles off to the west ofthi 8 town , was set fire to , and entirely consumed . On the following night , also tho haggard of a farmer , named Currceu , of the same locality , within about twenty yardB of Mrs Mitcliel ' s concerns , and nearly at the same hour , was likewise set fire to , and consumed . The burnings were considered to be malicious . —Watcrford Chronicle . The Limerick Reporter contains the following : —
Task-Wobk Meeting op tue People at Balling , oakki . —Ou Tuesday the labouring population from the districts within several miles around Ballingurry assembled in that town in numbers which might well entitle it to be called a monster meeting . They had turned out for several daya before against " tusk work , " and they came together to exhibit a " demonstration" of their feelings on the subject . The military were in a ttendance fromRathkeale , but were so completely hemmed in and crushed that they were very glad to get away , a passage having been made for them by the interposition of some gentlemen who were present—namely , Archdeacon Fitzgerald , W . H . De Massey , Esq ., D . D . Power , Esq .. These gentlemen , particularly Archdeacon Fitzgerald , addresaed the multitude , and ultimately persuaded them to separate quietly , though evidently dissatisfied .
InMacroom , and the west riding of Cork , the young pigs were drowned , because the farmer had no food for them ; and the bonnives , of six weeks old , were killed in farmers' houses , aud eaten by the family . —Limerick Chronicle . Ouzkaobs in tub Coumtuf LiMBRicK . —Between six and seven o ' clock on Wednesday evening , the house of Bryan O'Donnell , a farmer at Claieen , in this coun . ry , was surrounded b y an armed party , one of whom demanded admission under a false name . The servant boy opened the door , and a fellow pushed in with a double barrelled gun , threatening to b'ow the brains out ot all who dared to raise their heads . The servant had the courage to seize the barrel of the gun , and wrestle with the fellow , when O'Donnell stepped into the room adjoining-, and brought out a pistol . At seeing this , the in truder snapped thegnn , which providentially did not
go off , and the pistol was snapped in return , though equally harmless , O'Donnell then rushed upon the fellow , and closing the door fast , before the partv outside were aware of the obstruction , with the aid of his servant boy , overcome their opponent , and made him prisoner . The alarm now spread , anil the fellowjs confederates fled , after which O'Donnell gave up his captive , whose name is Connors , to the police of the adjoining station , and the gun also . Between Ballingarry and doom , on Wednesday , a crowd of men , several of them engaged on the public works , stopped cars laden with corn coming to market from Williiam Cox , Esq ., Ballynoe . Thuri-eb , Oct . 30 . — There was a frightful attempt to commit murder here lust night . The object of the attack is a Mr . Cooke , who resides about a mile from the town . It appears he was on business in the town for some time . He is a very young I man , and got married about four years ago to a Miis
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Laugley , then about 14 year 3 old , with wlioui ii « gtt some landed property , and thus became a landlord on a small scale , ( the worst of all landlords , those petty ones . ) lie . K « s " not long ^ il f'this enjoyment when he begaa to exercise ays ' petty tyranny , and hisfirst act was to . prevent the public of access to a spring well , which Vhsopetf to them from time immemorial ; and lie went so far to prevent them as to put a man to guard the well ; the eosiseq'isnce was , of course , an assault , on tho hearing ni" which the magistrates told Mr . Cooke and his guardsman * P Bht to be very well satisfied that they were not thrown into the same well , and that if tliey were tliey could obtain no redress . The well thence became- open to the public . Contiguous to Mr . Cuoke 8 residence there ave some tunanls' houses , many of whom reside there , and it i » said tiieir and cestors have resided there for the laat two centuries —some of tho ? e he eviced , though good tenants
and others he was abont to evict . Yesterday he entered eiectments at these sessions and cume in to make the usual affidavit to verify , and it was on hia return home , about five o ' clock , be was fired at , at his door . It appears tie had a light in his : band , and his servant having got into the stable , he stucd at the door , when a man appeared behind a little w . ill and discharged a blunderbuss at him . Five slugs were lodged in his shoulder , one in his eye , the use of which he has lost , some few other slugs lodged in his head and breast , and bis jaws ; his teeth are broken ; this morning he spat out some slugs . The police and magistrates were in immediate attend * ance , but as yet no clue has been had as to tho murderer . There were some hopes of Mr . Cooke's recovery by his medical men last night , but this moming I heard there was a considerable change for the worse . It is apprehended that this district will be a troublesome one this winter . — Limerick
Examiner . Nenagh , Sunday , 3 o clock , p . m . ~ I have opened my letter to mention that Mrs . Finch , on returning from Nenagh Church to her residence this day . has been attacked—her carriage broken , and one . of the horses shot . I understand she has escaped , notwithstanding that two shots pierced the carriage windows , Some police were not far distant at the time , and succeeded in capturing two out of three of the villains . —Evening Mail . '
1 he Mails correspondent leads to the belief that the attempt to murder Mr . Cooke has ended fatally . ¦ ' Iu addition to the above , the southern papers are filled with the details of popular disturbances iu Limerick , Clare , and Tipperary , such as plunder of provisions , " sheep slaughtering , " robberies of arms and money , attacks on flour-mills , &c , tho accounts of which , if given at length , would occupy too much of your available space . An extract of a letter from Limerick gives a fair sample of the general state of the districts referred to :
" Limerick , Oct . 30 . —The neighbourhood of IJalllngary is in a frightful state of disorder ; not a grain of corn will be let to pass any of the roads to Limerick , and every night the peaceable inhabitants are under the apprehension of a simultaneous rising . A day or two ago , tbe labourers employed under the Board of Works on the public roads turned out agait-ar piecework , but after some struggle , they resumed it , saying— ' they would give it a trial until Saturday , ' We have not yet learned the result . " THE FBRMOY DEPUTATION . The members of the deputation appointed a * the late meeting at Fermoy , in the county of Cork , presented on Tuesday , the memorial adopted at it , praying ( hat immediate employment and i ' ood shodd be given to the people residing in that district .
Mr . O'Connell , on behalf of the deputation , opened the subject , and a long conversation ensued , in which the Lord Lieutenant exhibited tlm utmost anxiety to exert himself for the benefit of tlie people , and his readiness to accede to any pvaetioal measurers , but the deputation were unprovided with . any such , and consequently tho meeting ended irii empty show .
A VOICE FROM CAH 1 RM 0 TLE . Mr . Smith O'Brien has at length put forth a manifesto declaratory of his views with respect to the Repeal question , as affected by the quarrel between tke champions of moral and physical forr-e . From his letter , addressed to Mr . C . G . Duffy , it appears that Young Ireland is about to « et up in ^ business for itself , and it ia not too much to anticipate that such a resolve will materially affect the interests of the old and rickerty rival establishment on Burgh Quay . At all events , as the public cannot support both ; one or tho other must speedily become insolvent , and of late all the symptoms of bankruptcy are observable at the senior concern . We take one or two of the most noticeable points from Mr . O'Brien ' s epistle .
Those , therefore , who have been excluded from the Repeal Association , are now deprived of many favourable opportunities of advancing the interest * of their country . Men who fire really in earnest , however , create opportunities of action for themselves , and are not the mere slaves of circumstances . It is to be hoped , therefore , that a field for useful exertion in the eau ? e of Ireland will , erelong , be presented to those who have dedicated themselves to the sacrea task of redeeming their native land . In themeantime . it is a fortunate
circumstance that your journal offers ' itself as an organ through which their voice may be heard , The young men of Ireland—what more cheering denomination ci > u ! ii they covet than that of ' ¦ Young Ireland ?"—the legion of ardent and accomplishod men who proudly accept this title , may , by your instumentality , be enabled to train their felloir-countryinen in that intellectual and moral discipline which best fits men for freedom , and , in so training others , will discipline themselves to become the leaden of a peaceful revolution , — the guides of an emancipated people .
I do not hesitate to believe that you will gl » tlly pla »» an assigned portion of your journal at the Oisposal of those who are qualified to prepare their country for liberty , and who are not ashamed to avow , bj tbe signature of their names , the sentiments which you invite thvm to record . Need I advert to the multiplicity of subjects die illustration of which miiy be made instrumental iu inspiring a spirit of nationality ? What branch of human know , ledge is not capable of being rendered subservient to the aims of patriotism t The history and antiquities
of Ireland ; its legislation aud jurisprudence ; its oxternal policy and internal administration . ; its resources , military , commercial , and agricultural ; its mines , its fisheries , its manufacturing capabilities : the advancement of our people in abstract practical science ; the cultivation of the fine arts—whatever bestows true dignity upon individuals—whatever contributes grace and accomplishment to soeiety—whatever confers ; happiness and strength and honour upon nations , —such are the studies to which it ought to be your priu > to allure the men who are entrusted with the future destiny of Ireland .
REPEAL ASSOCIATION . The members of tbiebody assembled on Monday , at one o ' clock in Conciliation-hall The attendance was lather larger in the body of the hall and members ' seats , but the galleries were thinly attended by ladies . The increased auditory was , of course , the result of the announcement— " that the Liberator would attend . " Mr . O'Connell on entering the hall , was warmly received . He appeared to be in rather leoble health , and looked extremely careworn , not « withstanding his temporary cessation iruni public
labours ' The proceedings of the day , notwithstanding the presence of the alpha and omega of Old Ireland , were more than ordinary stupid , and were unrelieved by any feature of novelty save the fact of Mr . O'Connell having fairly drawn the swor . i upon his quondam ally , Mr . Smith O'Brien ; and , as both leaders are now in open hostility towards each other , there is no doubt that thepublic will derive no small share of instruction from tbe future con troveroies between the two respective champions of moral and physiciil force .
Mr . O'Connell said on this subject , there wag another matter he could not avoid alluding to , and that was the late conduct of the Young Ireland party ( hear , ) and he was happy to say that they had openly severed all connexion with tbe association , if any existed , by their own act , ( Hear . ) Mr . O'Brien , the first who left that ball , and the leader of them , had written a letter to the editor of theiVatfow , setting up an agitation for himself ( cries of " Hear , liea * . " ); and lie ( Mr . O'Connell ) hoped he would be successful in his virtuous inclinations . ( "Ilear . hear , " and laughter . ) He proposed that the leaders of tho Young Ireland body should join as a phalanx to address the country in the Sation every week . Now , he ( Mr . O'Connell ) thanked the young gentlemen for
the same ( hear , hear );—they had called themselves a phalanx , —and they could , therefore , not blame him if ho said they were a phalanx ( laughter ); and he would wish the phalanx every luck to go on , week after week , until it increased in ardour , and arrived at the bursting-point , —when it would fly like ci soda-water cork . ( Hear , hear . ) He blamed Mr . O'Brien for his physical force doctrines , and could not agree with him . In liis letter he had pretty tolerably praised himself and abused others ; but he ( Mr . O'Connell ) did not care for abuse—he only hoped that God would torgivehim for the praise he had once bestowed in tbe same quarter . ( Loud eriea of "Hear , hear , aud cheering . ) That gentleman
had stated that the moral force Repealers would not resist against aggresion , but such was not the case . They never had put forward such a doctrine , as would be seen by referring to the resolutions of the 1 st of July . The learned gentleman concluded by saying , that for the future there was no possibility of a reconciliation . „ At a subsequent period of the proceedings , Mr . O'Connell said , that he did not mean to stand for Dublin , at the next election . He wou d stick to the county Cork , where he could now calculate on the support of all parties in the county . As to Dublin , two good repealers would be provided for it , The rent for the week was £ 5112 s . 4 d .
MR . O ' COHSELI / S LOVE OF TRIJTH The organ of Young Ireland—thcre ^ sSoNS ^ yfflg the fact , says the Times , iV ^ eeJL yJi ^ $ PP $ % strength throughout the whole ^ reaaHT of Repftfl * jf and ; its circulation has vastly ^ n ^^ lianj ^ J ^ gsg fl it ! *!
Jfbreign ^Tjernem
jfBreign ^ tjernem
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* A list of the n lines and sentences was published in the Northern . Star at the tiire of the trial ; the republica . tion now is , however , necessary tomake the above sketch complete . . t The pleading " guilty " was no doubt advised by the legal friends of the accused , but does not appear to have obtained for them any mitigation of punishmeut . This pleading guilty is an Ignoble and impolitic course , injurious to the cause advocated by the defendants , and but very rarely productive of uny benefit to tbe pmsons wh ° stoop to this compromise . In the Chart * trials of 1833-40 , iu several instances the defendants plea'ded " guilty . " with but liitle benefit to themselves , and far less to the cause of Chartism . In thi trials at Lancaster in 1843 , there was no such temporising , every man un . flinchingly defended his principles , and suffered none th e mere in consequence , ! on the contrary , the boldness anu eloquence of tbe defendants commanded the avowed . re ,, pect of judge and jury , and even the prosecutor . Shoul u persecution again come , ] we hope Ithe Lancaster prece , ent will be imitated .
Mfedtortiai Mihvitsn.-Ifttteufrcrnfft
Mfedtortiai Mihvitsn .-ifttteUfrcrnfft
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Novembe r 7 , 1846 . THE NORTHERN STAR . , *
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 7, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1391/page/7/
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