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t Printed fcy DOUGAL M'GUWAN, of 16, Great VVinuaiU"
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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bjwbichtbat document might be aade to become the law of the lind . ' j _ --f h »/ wn « e it was Mr Win seconded the amerjment . toajge ^ more concue and did DOt £ "f * £ One thing which tto AoemWy hadBoawgJ Virg * hich h ^/ one tiwm ^ ££ kd th / introdncss ^ siss Igtes-sl ^ SSS tto W would be sufficieat to achieve their ^ ff ' E Josh was astonished that the question sbrald hare been introduced at all . They were a at present mora l force advocates , because tfcey felt that fhey tad still moral force means ^ f '^ J " K 6 K , they to tell the government uhioh had tare porters on theplat forn , that if it meddled with the b ^ z'ssmsppk ' S ' ^ ^ st VSLtnsiuu
tbf ™ mSg 5 im of tbe notto . that the people were F 1 % : i ? $ ™ S $£ &i . Mr 0 'Com . or bad done a gi eat dea l of injury to the causa . After a somewhat warm discs . sion . there were loud cries for the vote , a few minutes before fave o ' clock , SUas resisted by the delegates who had rot BCOlten ; andst tbat hour tnesteBding orders wereenfoit e 1 by the adjournment of the Ass embly .
THURSDAY MORNING , Mat 7 th . Mr Dixos resumed the chair ai nine o ' clock . The ealleriea were crowded as asaal . The be amed debate on Mr Kydd ' i motion was Knmed [ which was as follows :- 'Tbat thedocument known as the People ' s Charter . U just m . pnn ciple , and a fair digest of onr opinions » o » i the question of the suffrage , and eTery way fitted to form iha basis oi an enlivened representative system , and that we make the principle of the People ' s Charter known to the public by means of lectures , tracis , public meetings , discussions , registration of electors , Ld use ever / legitimate meanii in our power to have thaBaid document enacted as tbe basis of the Bntish constitution , asd Mwmmend the peepks to agitate for no measure short of the People s Charter . Councillor Bsook oFLeeds , took ha Eeat as one of the delegates for that town . Mr PiliiKO also took bis seat for Ashton . Father Krares waa aleo announced as elected , bBtiad not yet arrived .
. Mr Oasdelet moved the fellowing amendment to Mr Kvdd ' s motien as an instrnctioa to the committee to ' embody in the address . ' That it is the opinion of this Assembly that all discussions of physics and moral force are highly impolitic , as they will only lead to disunion—union , courage , prudence , and determination being indispensable to bring this great movement to a speedy and successful termination . Measoraa not men mnBt and will be in all time comin g the raiding st 3 r of « ur agitation , that the committee be therefore instructed to embody these sen . timents in the address , and also t o state . That H is the determination of this Assembly to carry the Charter by all fair and honourable means . This amendment was seconded , and led to a long debate , the opinions being , pro . and ten ., similar to those delivered in the afternoon sitting of Wednesdav
. ... The discussion having been brought to a close , - divisioa took plsce-serenteen voting . or Mr Kydd s motion , and twenty-six for Mr Candelets
amendment . . , . . , Toe amendment was declared carried . In order to give the committee time to prepare the Eddress . the Assembiyat its rising was declared adjourned until three o'clock .
AFTERNOON SITTDiG . Mr Dkok resumed the chair . Dr M'Doxjall moved , — ' Thatno person withdrawing motions , amendments , or riders should have the privilege of making a second speech . _ Mr T . M . Whkelek seconded the motion . Carried unanimonsly . Mr T . Jokes said , the question he was about to propose had been much discussed in Liverpool , and he believed it Bust be strictly set down es moral
force . It was— 'That this Assembly call upon the people to abstain from all excisable articles , nntil the Charter became the law oi the land , In Liverpool ale , pipes , tobacco , tea-pots and all were thrown or ready to ba thrown aside nntil the people got the Charter . He believed that these things brought a reTenue of twenty millions ; if the government missed one naif of this , they would soon be comrelled to give She Charter or resign their seats ] n Downing-street . -Mr T . Clabiv rose to second the motion .
Mr Shiksos thought it was too much to call upon the starving people who existed on tnrnipB , to deprive them of a oup of tea—hence , he opposed it . Mr Hargheates said , he thought that intoxicating drinks had dene much harm ; but he could not go to the length of thcresolution . He should like ittobe ennfmed to intoxicating liquors , tobacco , and snuff . He thought , as Chartists , they should set an example to the people . . Mr Iksoll moved , as ae amendment , the withdrawal of the funds from the banks , and the giving np the smoking of narcotic weed * . Mr BissEr seconded the amendment .
Mr Versos would sBpporfc the amendment He i * d submitted somethin g like it from the platform himself . Although hetook a higher ground , he demanded , in tbe spirit of ancieDt writers , his rights , snd had no business to beg . He hoped his friend troafd confine his amendment to a run on tie feank . Mr CisvEBsaid , he concurred in the motion made by his friend Insoll , and had experimentalised , and fonnd it beneficial . He thought it would have a good effect in general . It would show the government tkat the people were even determined to make saorifiees for the cause ' s sake , and he thought more jgosd tfeoagLts arose where there were no fumes of either beer or tobacco .
Mr Mathiws said , he had little hope of the people obtaining their rights by giving np tfee nse of those srtie ' es . He thought those resolutions were rather a reflection on , than a reflex of , the public mind . He hopsd they would aet as rational mem They would advise a principle , not expediescy—not ask it for s week , and then return , bat for ever . He was a teetotaler himself , and { had been so for years . He Trocld more , ' That it was not the province of this Assembly to recommend any question on banking or total abstinence . ' Mr Child seconded the amendment , and said , he was neither a teetotaler nor a drunkard , but wished the people to live as their ferefather 3 did , and brew good wholesotEe beer for themselves and drink it . . Mr Haslet suggested the programme should be weeded with .
Mr T . Jokes would withdraw his motion in favour ttf the programme . The amendments were likaisise withdrawn . Mr Cochha 5 b suggested the first question was money , he believed Mr M'Grath had a motion on tie subject relative to some defined sum . Mr Peicock said , he thought the address was infesded as the method to give increased vigour to the- movement . Br M'Douall said , he understood th . it a proposition would come from the Business Committee for s voluntary subscription . Mr Vsssos suggested that the plan of organisation ehedd be entered upon . MrT . Jokes would sec-md Dr M'Douall ' s motion fora voluntary contribution . Mr Caeveb desired to know if thh contribution * K an addition to that in coarse of collection in sany Chartist localities .
^ The Chairman said , in respect to the questions jssfc pat , the contribution was not intended to be esifined to the raembera of the Chartist body , but to the public in general , and if they , in Mr Carver ' s district , were collecting already , that was sufficient . Mr M'Graih said , he believed if the people were applied to , they would supply the means , but the Assembly must submit the means they intended for the obtalnment of the Chatter . ( Hear , hear . ) Perfc&gsthey might eay , that the sum he was about to propose was more than could be realised , but he woold take the L 3 nd Company a 3 hiB data , When
tney had thirty thousand members only enrolled tbe ¦ weekly sum ssnt in amonnted to £ 5 . 000 : per week . "ffelL they only expected four acres of land and a fcoess ; he , therefore , moved ' Taafca sum « f £ 5 0 Q !) 6 e raised for the furtherance of the Chartist cause , and if they were as zealous as had been represented , fcay would supply the amoant . He therefore moved titst proposition . Mr Child secoEd : d it . Dr M'Douall withdrew hi 3 . Mr Abb 3 would support the motion of Mr HGrathJ
Mr Churchhii would support the motion , bat thoug ht it necessary to tell the people what they were goin g to do with it , as the people had been subscrib-« 22 for ten years , but he did not know what results IS followed- He thought the question of organisation should be proceeded with , and then ae would sty wfcetner he would sgree to call for more money M M'Gsath said he could not agree to withdraw , ss it was in ascordance with the programme they J » d adopted . Mr CnoacniLL would then more as an amendment , That the question of organisation ba proceeded - £ t 9 Mr Versos said , he thought the means , if asked bafore erganisation , would b 3 week . He therefore Bnpported Mr Churchili ' s motion . The Address Committee now appeared with the address , and the discussion was set aside .
The Address to the People . The report was brought up by Mr Ernest JokeFi S » d , and adopted Haaaimously , amid Joud and rei-
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fcrfe ' ed cneera . The address will be found is another pS Mf 1 oKTJoTLiverpool ) moved , -That one tbou-« and copies be printed and posted in the Metropolis , and a few copies sent to the provincial towns . . Thsi motion of Mr Jones was then put and carried Ba Vkenoh would move , 'Tfcat a Buffioient number of small bills should be printed , fit for placing ia shopwindows , ' Mr Churchill seconded the motion . Mr Shaw had aot understood , when he voted that the bills were to be posted , as policemen tore them
° ERimi Jokbs said , there wm an act of parliaraentagainBt that , by which any man , pohcenien or not , wai liable to punishment , and he thought the unemployed should form a committee for " tuung gentry on the bills , nd getting the pohcB punished by IS motion of Mr Vfirnon was pat and carried ^ ro ' cKck having arrived , the Assembly adjourned . , ^^_~~ .
ME ITATIOKAli ASSEMBLY TO THE PEOPLE OF QBEAT BEITAIW AND IRELAND ,
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• THI CHAKTXS AKD KO SUEBBXMB . ' Fihott Cochtbtkek , —The principles of tho Peoplo ' e Charter haTe been advocated in this ceuntryfor years ; their truth orfaliehood has never once been the snbjecl of discussion or dispute bj the enlightened and thinking men ef this age . Questions of expediency hava been eften r « iied aad diseased , but , if we may judge from the feeling and tone now manifested by men of all classe * , we are compelled to come to the ceBclutlon that tbe queitisa of expediency cannot much longer be a subject of discussion , but that the enlightened mind of thii country io fast centraliiiog iti influence on one great truth , that the day has armed in the hiitory ef the world , when acknowledgment ef man '§ rights will not bs Known in same alono , but positively registered in the institutions and government of this country .
The Rational Assembly having been placed by the people ' s voice at the head of the popular movement , Uke tbefirit opportunity of recognising the grsat liuat imposed on them , and pledging thomgelvee to the per formance ofb teir duty in taking such political measures , a » , in their judgment , may obtain tho ripple ' s Charter . They therefore { eel th « mielreiin apoiHion to demand of the people te b » true to themselvei , and give to the National Assembly su ? h support as will in itself , be an unmistakable evidence of their earnestness , determi . nation , and aelf reliance ; and if thair demands be responded to with the spirit expected from tbe people , a government already wsak in its moral relations with Ecciety and deiperate in its sets will gire way to the centralised inte ) liBen : e of a mighty nation .
Tbe springing into existence of a new body , purperting to go forsn eztensioa ^ of tbe Suffrage , calls from us for a few wards of advice . Whilst admitting the sincerity of mnnymeD , from whom we eoaicientiously differ in oplniOB , and wishing God speed to all Reformers , whose objects are the real and permanent v ?* l ? aro of mankind . We cannot advise yon to allow the grta ' , question of tb « people ' s rightt to be stultified by remaining inactive in the oomin ? agitation ; but , at once , assure jcu that bo measure 6 hortef a fall acknowledgment of your politi . eal power , can be fceaeficialfer your interests , and , there , fore , ia no way worthy of your ceantenanca and support . The AEcembI ; are convinced the time has now srrlred for subverting class-legislation , patting a period to the m ' gery of tbe people . They recogaieeithe elemtntiof political enlightenment And collective power in tbe great bulk ot the population , whiht they acknowledge the presence of ignorance and prejudice in tome of tbe wealthier classes , and erea among portions of the labouring community .
Tbe ) duty of fke Assembly will , therefore , baa twofold one : 1 st . —To organise the power of the ' Chartfst body , and to direct Its mind and energy to one great goal , that this protrected agitation may be brought to a speed j snd successful issue . 2 nd . To accompany the or . ganisation of those already enlightened with the propagation of onr principles ' euong those who are still hoitils , by tracts , pnblic meetings , addresses , < tc , so that the interval between the meeting of this Assembly and the obtainment of onr rights may be employed by making as many friends at we can . Witb these two great objects in rletr , tbe A « ie : ab ! y are proad to find that the country ii responding to their call , and recognising the independent dignity of their position . Fellow countrymen this is a tims in which there mast be no partus—no diTlsioni—ho yielding to individual epinlons , but one grand ennnciation sf the Peoplk ' b mind , and of the Peopib ' b will .
Tbe country has elected one hundred men in whom it r .-pnaes confidence , and whom it has tons declared e&psbls of representing that mind , and guiding that will . Fellow countrymen , the question le now before you , whether you will fall iats tbe eld error , sad divida your movement under party banners , or stand in one united pValans against oppression , and ia eopport of your reprfgeatatives . Recollact ! The gevernmeBt are nsw watching yon with a , h-stile eje , and trying- to insert the wedge oi diecord in \ oar organisation ; we , therefore , say em * pbatically— Hciecfess , hot Mek . Th 9 Assembly call on the people to back their deliberations by the pressure from without . They expect the people to keep the eatlre country in a continued state ofagitetion .
Honopolisti complain that the fands fall and commerce is paralysed . So be it . Their weakness Uour slroneih The rich must have no rest , while thepoor have no shelter . Let them giev us justice , and we will give them peace . The Assembly will now direct their attention to the next great measure in our movement—the preientation of tbe National Memorial—and ara about to take all preparatory steps iu their pswer to make jour wishes law . They will aeain addresB you when prepared witb an efficient plan of organisation , snd 6 hall expect such popular and pecuniary support at yoar hands as Trill ensure the recognition of the people ' * will , and a full coHSummation of your hopes on the great questioa of the rights of man .
God Save the People . W . Qixon , Chairman . 3 . Shieroh , Secretary
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Sixoulab Fact . —A few days ago Mr Willand , of Enford , in Wiltshire , shot a swift , or creech , which had a label of red morocco round its neck , dated ' Boston , January 6 , 1848 . ' DE 3 iaucnvB Fire at Poplak —Early on Tuesday morning a fire broke out on the premises of Mr A . R . Barton , grocer and cheesemonger , 54 , Robin Hood-yard , East India-road , which , in spite of an unusually large number of firemeo , were entirely destroyed . The adjoining premisss and their contents were also much injured . Fortunately all tbe parties were insured . Colonial Produce . —A . ship arrived in the docks from Launcegton , VanDiemen ' s Land , has brought 175 bag 3 oi wheat and 500 bags of flaur , the produce of that distant colony ; and another vessel , the Agostina , arrived from the same port , has brought the unusually large quantitr of 4 572 bushels of wheat , and 20 casks and 100 bags of flour , the produce oi Van Diemen ' s Land .
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Verdict of Manslaughter aoaissi a Scegsw . — Wednesday ' s Police Gazette contains a description of the person of Mr John Brudbridge Nice , a Burgeon , lately residiDg at No . 12 , Hayes-place , Lisson-grove , who has absconded , inconsequenca of the coroaer ' 8 jury returning a verdict of ' Manslaughter' against him for his unskilful treatment of Mary Ann Caasins , during ter confinement , which caused her death . Frakce Beatesat Last . —Paris plumes itself upon being at tbe head of Europe in revolutionising .
Perhaps Spain may pat in a claim ; but her monthly attempts at equality are slow , and never come t 9 anything . Now , reader , look at this from the ' Naval Intelligence' of the newspapers , — ' Portsmonth , Monday . —H . M . S . Triton steumed into harbour , disabled , making lutfowrteeu revolutions in the minute . ' After this we hope that oar fidgetty continental neighbours will make use of the ' patent high pressure revolving steam engine' for their revolutions . Thus constitutions may be worked by Iever 3 , and abdications promoted by a fly-wheel . —Punch .
Bow street Police . —John Hurrows Bastard , described on the police sheet as aclergynsan . living at the Hotel de Provence , in Leicester-square , was p laced before Mr Jardiae on Monday , charged with indecently assaulting a young man named Thomas Green , in the pit of the Adelphi f heatre . —The complainant , who wag the son of a gifflaiaker , of No . 4 , Leicester-square , stated that the prisoner accosted him in a state of intoxication , and committed the indeceney described , upon which he went out and called a policeman , to whom he mentioned the circumstance and gave him in charge , at the same time Baying , thai if the prisoner confessed hiB offence , he would not prosecute him . The prieener refused to do this , and was afterwards taken into custody . No defence was now offered by the prisoner , who was committed for trial at the sessions , it being intimated that bail would be taken if submitted and approved . Abd-el-Kadeb . — The Memorial deb Ptbbnees
announces the arrival at ran on the 29 th ult . of Abd-el-Kader and his Buito . Besides his family , which was composed of his mother , three wives , three cancubines , five legitimate sous and daughters , and an illegitimate son , he brought a s ? flt nurse , nine women , and six children , four Arabian-esrvanta , and a native cook . His . relatives and friends consisted of twenty-six men . fifteen womea > and isisieea cb . il dren , inalleigaty-niae psrsonff .
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TO THE PEOPLE , The Press-gang Conspiracy against Libert y , Abroad and at Home . Friends , Countrymen , and Brothers , The sooner you can effect a revolution in the Press of thii eountry , ' peaceable if you can but forcibly if you rauBt , ' the sooner you will cease to be regarded as enemies of the people of other countries , and the sooner you will achieve equal rights and equal laws for yourselves . AmongBt foreign nations , England has long enjoyed the credit of possessing a ' free Press . ' Supposed h be free , the nations naturally regard that Press as the faithful exponent of your sentiments .
So far from representing your interests or opinions , the journals generally are the enemies and falsifiers of both . At this time the strongest language must foil to adequately describe the diilionesfy and mendacit y of the London journals . In Russia , the fear of the knout influences the very few journalists permitted to write only in support of unmiti gated despotism . Terror dictates falsehaod , and the jou rnalists string lies by the yard i 0 prove the blessedness of Russian institutions , and the happiness of the nations permitted to enjoy the felicity of worshiping Nicholas and the knout .
Until recently , in Germany and Ital y , the censorship was as effective ss the knoul in Russia , ia stifling the truth and upholding privileged plunder and crowned criminality . The Press in those countries is now said to be ' free , ' but the burghers , though very desirous of having a Press free to defend their interests and promote their own views , have a very holy horror of the working classes possessing the same advantage—hence , the pious outcry against Communist , Republican , ' violent ' and ' dangerous' publications . The German burghers evidently desire a' free Press , ' aftei the English fashion .
The ' laws of September' enslaved the Press of Franc *; but , under the Republic , there is no restriction , except the wholesome restriction of public opinion . A few weeks ago , Paris was the scene of a moral force demoastration against de Girardin , proprietor and editor of La . Presse . The character of Girardin is politically infamous . It was by his hand that Armand Carrell fell in that fatal duel which deprived France of her noblest son , who , had he lived , would now have been chief of the Republic . Possessing more than ordinary talents , Girardin has never scrupled to offer his services to tbe best bidder . His journal , La Presse , is known in this country principally far its virulent attacks upon everything English ,
and its advocacy of an alliance of France with Russia , for the division of Europe between those two powers . The conceit of Monsieur de Girardin is at least equal to his abilities , and we must do him the justice to add , that his audacity is not ons whit inferior to either . When , on the 24 th of February , Thiers and Barrot were set aside by the Itepuh . iicans , Girardio thought that the Qood-tide ot his affairs had come , and that he had but to commit himself to the stream to , float thereon to power ; accordingly , he repaired to the palace , and induced ; the cowardly King Smith to abdicate in favour of his grandson , the Count de Paris . Girardin imagined that he bad but to announce this arrangement , and forthwith the Parisians would fall down and worship him as the national deliverer , and help him
to play the game played so successfully by journalist Thiers in the revolution of 1830 . The Parisians , however , were determined to deliver themselves , and , inspired with a laudable distaste for trafficking journalists , they sent M . Girardin to the ri ght about , with as little ceremony as they had previously disposed of those knaves Thiers and Barrot . The theatrical scene , so artfully got up in the Chamber of Deputies , failed . The sight of the ' interesting ' Duchess of Orleans , and her 'interesting' son , the Count de Paris , failed to move the stubborn hearts of the bold ' blouses . ' The voice of Fate , thundering from the gallery— 'IT IS TOO LATE ! 'sealed the doom of the Orleans dynasty , and duchess , princes , and villanous deputies , fled in terror from the triumphant shouts of ' Vive la Liberte . " ' Vive la Repuhligue !'
To have the the prize of power so rudely snatched from one ' s grasp by a band of ' barbarian' blouses , was enough to rouse the anger of a saint—it was , therefore , only natural that a sinner like Girardin should vow mortal hatred against those who had disappointed bis ambition . At first , not being very sure how such rascals as himself would be dealt with by the victorious people , he masked his hatred , and pompously announced his ' adhesion' to the Republic . Soon , however , he threw off the mask . Assured by the decree of the provisional government abolishing death for political offences , that his head was safe , he commenced preaching the counter-revolution . Professing to 6 ee in the provisional government a band of incapable , though
tyrannical , dictators , he daily inveighed against their acts , calumniated their motives , and laboured to excite ' resistance' to the government of the people . The vile journals , on this side of the water , applauded Girardin , hailing him as the champion of the middle daises , ' more bold than Camille DesmoulinB , and more able than Freron . ' The counter-revolutionary diatribes of La Presse , at first excited popular disgust , then anger , and then a popular explosionwhich , although not at all sanguinary , considerably frig ktened the audacious libeller of the people . So great was the public indignation , that , had not some of the most ardent of the Republican chiefs rushed to his rescue , it is not unlikely that Monsieur Girardin would have been somewhat roughly traated .
Of course , our honest journalists were terribly shocked at the ' outrage' offered to their worthy friend Girardin . ' A follow-fealiag made them wondrona kind . ' The' voice within' told them , that if they had their deserts , they would be sent , with their printing materials tied to their necks , to the bottom of the Thames . I rejoice that , bad as are the election returns to the National Assembly , they , nevertheless , do not
include Girardin , who has been rejected by his old constituents , to make way , it is to be hoped , for a more honest man . As , however , Lamartine and others have been elected for more than one place , there will be renewed elections in several departments , and it will be a wonder if Monsieur Girardin does not contrive to wriggle bis way into the Assembly . Indeed the bourgeoisie will hardly put up with the loss of the services of their most unscrupulous champion .
Lately another journal , the Assembles Nationale , has made itself odious by its reactionary and counterrevolutionary policy . The editors - already vie with Girardin himself in their power of lying and calumniating . Every true Republican is convinced that tbe Assembled Nationale writers are Bold , body and soul , to the reactionnaires . May they speedily meet with their well-deserved reward 1 What the knout effects in Russia , and what was lately effected by the censorship in Germany , and
the Fieschi-laws iu France , is in this country accomplished by corruption and class-domination . There is not one of the wretches who write in our respectable' journals but , if the father of lies' would start a paper of his own , would only be too glad to edit The Devil ' s Diary , ' or' The Infernal Gazette , ' —( they would aak ' What ' s in a name ? ' )—provided always they had the offer of higher pay than they at present receive for ' evil speaking , lying , and slandering . '
Every one is acquainted with the systematic mode in which the journalists , as a body , labour to uphold despotism abroad , bring free institutions into contempt , and excite the prejudices of nation against nation . Everything American is a standing subject for ridicule with the ' chartered libertines' of the Times , and the rest of the dail y journals . What wonder , then , at the furious hatred avowed towards everything English by a very large portion of our American kinsmen ? The Anglophobia' of the French has long been a subject for the criticisms of
English journalists . But for that Anglophobia ' we may principally thank these same journalists . To go no further back than the rei gn of that kickedout tyrant , ' King Smith , ' every act of tyranny and duplicity perpetrated by that ex-royal rascal , of which the French people were the victims , was constantly applauded by the infamous press of this country . The violation by Louis Philippe of all his solemn promises to the people ; the infernal system of fraud and force , tyranny and corruption , on which he based his throne : the wholesale butcheries he
caused to be perpetrated in the streets of Paris , Lyons , Grenoble , and other places ; in short , all the accursed acts of wickedness which have blighted his name , and at last blasted his power—all received the sanction , approval , and applause of our vile journals—Whig , Tory , and Liberal . When , in the year 1844 , ' King Smith' visited this country , the Times hailed him as the ' conqueror of anarchy ; ' and the Standard asserted that ' to consummate wisdom Louis-Philippe owed all his success . ' ' Had he , ' said the Standard , 'in his long life been detected m one unworthy manoeuvre , he would not now he King oi France . ' The pious editor added Out the
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visit of Louis Philippe was an event worthy ' an expressi on of sincere gratitude to Divine Providence . The disclosures of the Sevue Retrospective , published since the last revolution , have afforded a clue to the secret reason for the Standard ' s trumpeting of 'King " was only after Louis-Philippe had succeeded in lockeving his rival thimble-rigger , Lord Palme > -8 ton , in the infamous affair of the Spanish marriages , that the' respectable' Press , for the first time , discovered that Louis-Philippe was not quite so honest as he should he ! The influence of the Foreign Office became immediately visible , and poor ' Smith was immediately blackballed as the greatest rascal unhune by the equally unscrupulous but more contemp tible knaves , who had heretofore proclaimed him to be of all kings -
< Tae wisest , virtoousest , discreeteat , best . At length the hour of retribution sounded ; the hoary traitor of the barricades played his last game , staked his throne , thrw his devil ' s dice , failed , and fled . As long as the issue of the struggle was doubtful , the Times , Chronicle , Standard , &C &c , predicted the easy triumph of Guizot and bis master , and tbe utter impossibility of' the Republican rabble' overturning ' King Smith ' s'throne . Indeed , the prospect of Louis-Philippe triumphing once more , though at the cost of making Paris a shambles of dain patriots , partly restored that worthy to the affection of our precious journalists , and undisguised was their mortification when they found all their predic tions unfulfilled , and their sanguinary hopes withered .
The proclamation of the Republic rekindled the ( paid for ) hatred . of our infamous journalists towards the French people . From that hour they have unceasingly laboured to ruin the Republic by misrepresentation , lies , and calumnies . Every act of the provisional government has been distorted , aneered at , or abused . The abolition of death punishments , of aristocratic titles , naval flogging , and ether revolting relics of the overthrown despotism , together with the establishment of the principle of Universal Suffrage , and tbe recognition of the sacred rights of Labour , —these , and other glorious deeds , have been scoffed at and denounced in the most false and brutal terms . The correspondents Of the ' respectable' journals have played , and
playing , the part of spies , visiting the clubs , and nonoting the popular proceedings , only for the purpose of furnishing the English public with false impressions of the actual march of events . Based upon the calumnious letters and reports of the said correspondents , ' the editorial gentry have written their well-strung appeals to prejudice and distortions of the truth . The most noble act of the provisional government—the attempt to redeem the people from suffering , and free them from the grinding tyranny of irresponsible capital—has been more than any other act the object of truculent hostility on the part ef the Eng lish Press-gang ; and those members of the government who were espposed to have directly indentified themselves with the werking classes , have been singled out for special and daily
denunciation . Countrymen , is there any wonder that a large portion of the French people are prejudiced against us ? They are told our Press is free , and that Press asserts that it represents the public opinion of this country ; if so , argue the French , ' then the damnable diatribes of the Times are the expressed sentiments of the English people , therefore a bas les Anglais !' If while proclaiming the holy sentiment of ' Fraternity , ' the French people regard the English with hostile feelings , blame not the noble men of the Republic ; rather blame those corrupt wretches who prostitute their talents to the service of tyranny , who strive to prolong the reign of injustice , by dividing brethren , and setting nation against nation .
I come now to the evil influence of tlie Press at home . The length to which this letter has »! read y extended , will compel me to omit many observations on this portion of my subject , which otherwise I would have offered . Of all the enemies the people have to contend against , ' the race tbat write' are the worst . Bayonets , batons , and broomsticks , could not for a moment oppose the march of an enlightened and determined people ; but the Press by its lies and calumnies excitas division , fear , and hatred . The ranks of the people are broken , ' the timid are alarmed , and the privileged excited to fury against tbe victims of their oppression . This is the work of the Pre 6 s !
During the last twenty years the Press has supported every political delusion , and opposed every measure of veritable reform . ' Catholic Emancipation' was a sham . The only parties ' emancipated ' were a few brawling sham patriots , and greedy placehunters ; the mags of Ikepeojsk of Ireland have at this moment less political power , and occupy a far worse social position than they did previous to ' Catholic Emancipation . ' ' Parliamentary Reform' vfas a humbug , and , therefore , was supported by tbe majority of our' best possible instructors . ' Poor Henry Huut , almost the only public man who had the honesty to declare to the people tbat the Reform Bill was a mockery , was pursued to the death
by the lies and calumnies of the ruffianly Press-gang . The Reform Bill hat placed the government of the country in the hands of a class half-knavish , half-foolish , who have not sense or virtue to elect fitting legislators ; and , at the same time , like the dog in the manger , will let no other class try to do the work they cannot or will not do . The miserable shopocracy are at this moment in the jaws of bankruptcy , the necessary consequence of their own mismanagement of the country ' s representation , and yet they take up broomsticks to guard the ' precious institutions , ' under the operation of which they are rapidly running the read to ruin . Sixteen years after the passing of the Reform Bill , a majority of ' Reformers' have passed a law to stifle free thought , by
rendering free speech 'felony ! ' 'Municipal Reform , ' ' Abolition of Slavery , ' and other Whig measures , ha 7 e been proved to be of equal value with Parliamentary Reform . The latest grand juggle was Free Trade . If lying in this world is punishable in any other , the wholesale liars of the Press , who promised and prophecied all sorts of impossible things as the results of Free Trade , will stand an ugly chance . Ye monstrous impostors ! where are the evidences of the promised cheap bread , hi g h wages and plenty to do ? ' In fact , all the schemes oi pretended' Reform , ' advocated by the majority of the journals for the past twenty years , have been proved to be delusions and frauds , puffed up for party purposes and class interests , hut useless or mischievous so far as the mass of the people are concerned .
' Like Dead Sea fruits that tempt the eye , But turn to cehes on the lips . ' On the other hand , the Press has opposed all projects of real reform . Every attempt made by the workirg classes to better their coudition , or achieve political justice has been met on the part of the Press by ridicule , misrepresentation , denunciation , and unceasing opposition . Chartism has been the special object of its foul falsehoods and deadly hostility . Within the limits to which I must confine myself , it is not possible for me to attempt a review of the Chartist movement to prove the truth of my assertions , but such proof is not necessary ; their truth is ' as notorious as the sun at noon-day . '
On the 3 rd of April , a Convention of Chartist delegates met in London to present the National Petition for the Charter . Some of the delegates , representing masses of unemployed people , driven by suffering to the verge of despair , gave expression to the half-frenzied feelings of their unhappy constituents . On this the journalists engaged in a regular conspiracy to represent the delegates as a set of cutthroats , assembled for the purpose of getting up a revolution . The journalists knew they were telling lies , but no matter , they had a purpose in view . That purpose was • 1 st . to frighten the middle classes , and prevent any union of those classes with the Chartists ; and 2 nd . to furnish the government with a pretext for passing the infamous Gagging
Bill . In vain did the delegates refute the slanders of their calumniators , and i « sue notices , addresses , &c , assuring all classes of their peaceable intentions , at the same time calling on the working men , in the name of ' Peace , Law , and Order' to attend the meeting unarmed , and act as peacerpreservers , instead of peaee-breakers ; up to the last moment the Press continued its lies , and tbe government its preparations for the pitiless slaughter of the working men rf they had attempted to have gone on with the intended procession , t / p to Monday , the 10 th of April , the Times , Chronicle , and the rest of the
Press-gang , represented that the Chartists were to attend the meeting in hundreds of thousands , armed for bloodshed . Having b y that lie excited public alarm the journalists went on the opposite tack , as soon as the meeting was over , and for public alarm strove to j substitute public contempt . With un . blushing mendacity they swore by their gods Mer . curyandPiutus . thatthe numbcrsattliemeeting vvere ft * ^ nZO . 000 15 , 000 , 10 , 000 . orassomi ? hS J . 000 ! They scoffed at the fi ghting powers ofthe sfarved weavers of S pitalfields , and the thousands iiungered and wasted by the murderous system
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which these vile journalists support . After « cU ;» ng the middle classes to arm , and the government to S pinel and artillery to menace the unarmed people with hideous slaughter , these masked assassins of the Press taunted the people with cowardice , because they had wisely refused to rush upon destruction . Tbe ruffians of the Press , wished for slaughter , and , indeed , have since expressed their mortification that the'Chartist leaders were not put to death . They next suggested pubhc dinners to gorge the specials , ' well knowing that such fellows would be most 'loyal' when mad drunk . Some have even proposed public monu-» After exciting
ments to record the defeat of the Chartists 1 They have encouraged the farce of' loyal addresses to the Queen , ' and prayers for public peace and tranquillity . ' The Press-gang know rig ht well that public tranquillity was disturbed only by themselves , and that no one but the government menaced the public peace . They know tbat the ' loyal addreBS ' manufacture just now so much in vogue with plundering aristocrats , ignorant csuntry squires , rabid parsons , pot-bellied aldermen , and stupid shopocrats —is a solemn farce . But our public instru ctor s sanction this sham . Why ? if they were as honest as Demetrius t he silversmith , they would
as honestly answer— ' Sirs , ye know that by this craft we have our wealth . ' Chartism has just now to encounter a storm of ridicule and hatred , and may be destined to pass once more through the fires of persecution . But in spite of the deadly rage of its enemies , and the folly of some of its friends , ' it will prove its indestructibility . Principles based upon immortal truth and eternal right , may defy the fiercest assaults of falsehood and tyranny . L'Ami du Pjeuple .
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Eshjauty , Liberty , Fraternity . Brtsthhen , At ft time when nations long enslaved are breaking their chains , end liberty is winging her way from ihore to shore , you find additional links added to your fetters , by the men who have falsely assumed the name of ' Reformers , ' only that they might the more securely work in their unhallowed vocation of perpetuating the reign of oppression , and the domination of the privileged orders .
The law recently enacted , entitled ' A Bill for the better security of her Majesty ' g Crown and Government , ' ia one of the most tyrannical enactments ever forged in that workshop of misrule—St Stephen '* . Here is the pith and substance of the law : — And be it cnaoted , that if any panon vihatiocver , after tbe paising of this Act , « bn ] J , within tbe renlm or without , compass , imagiM , invent , GeTiie , or intend , to Utt war agtinet her Majesty , her heirs or successor ! , within anj p « rt of the United Kingdom , in order by force or constraint to compel her or them to change her or
their measures or cennselt , or in erder to put any force r constrniat upon , or in order to intimidate or ov « raw » both HoaBCi , or either House of Parliament , and such eotnpaiiing , imagination } , inventions , dcTicei , or intentions , or any of them , shall oiprees , utter , or declare , by pnb . 'isbioff any printing- or writing , or In open and «< flited epeahing , or fcyaur overt act or deed , every prrion is offendlsg ( ball be guilty of felony , 4 c . The law then threatens tbe penalty of transportation against all offenders — transportation for life — or , at the discretion of the judge , any lesser term of not lesi than seven years .
This law ig intended to put ; an end to popular agitation against existing abuses . The fierce and false denunciations in the press and parliament , levelled against the voice of the suffering people , expressed through their delegates in the late Convention , and the murderous preparations made by the government , to ennh an unarmed procession of the working classes , under the pretext—the foully false pretext—that the peaceably-disposed people contemplated the 'intimidating , " overawing , ' and ' levying war , ' &c , &c , is sufficient to show what were the intentions of the fraraers of the new law . The 1 Crown and Government Security Bill , is intended to Becure all the abuses of the Crown and Government , and put down by force and terror every popular demand for right and justice .
The men who in other days toasted ' the sovereignty of the people , ' who have Repeatedly declared that free discussion was the best safeguard of public peace and order , and echoed and re-echoed the words of Jvnivs : — ' The liberty of the presi js like the air we breathe , if we have it not we polit ically die ; ' these are the men who , renegades to their former professions , have passed a law to muzzle the mouths of the suffering people , and place a gag upon the press . Lord John Russell has done his best to realise Shakespeare ' s description of a tyrant , at once hateful and contemptbile—< Man , vaia man , dresa'd in a little brief authority , Like an angry ape . Pl » j « euch fantustio tricks before high Heaven Ai make th « angelt weep !'
In reality , the Gagging Bill is a law to punish thinking as 'felony , ' for without free expression there can be no freedom of thought ; and least there should be any doubt about this , the liberal legislators of St Stephen's fulminate the penalties of' felony' against all who may ' compass , imagine , invent , devise , or intend' to put an end to their despotism ! Tbe laws of the Holy Inquisitors of Spain were not more despotic , unnatural and cruel . It is true the Holy Inquisitors racked , tortured ,
and destroyed their victims by the most horrible means . Our rulers propose only to condemn their victims to life-long banishment , the horrors of the ' chaining' and the hell ofNorfolk Island . Whcther , however , the sharp and speedy tortures of Spanish priestcraft were not more merciful than the lingering miseries proposed to bejnflicted under this law on the victims of British state-craft , is a question which some may be inclined to answer to the credit of the Inquisition of S pain , rather than the parliament of England .
But the Gagging Bill will fail to effect the truly treasonable designs of its authors . It will not put down popular agitation . It will not stifle the voice of the people , because the people ' s wrongs are real and their demands just . Your wrongs are real ; bear w itness the haples condition of the agricultural labourers starving in the midst of the plenty they create;—the rags of the manufacturing operatives , surrounded by the cloths , cottons , and woollens they weave ;—the
pestilential garrets , cellars , and hovels of the men who build the mansions and palaces of the sons of wealth and privilege ;—the veritable slavery ot the workers in mines , factories , and almost every description of employment;—the unhappy condition of the bas . tilled victims of poverty , punished tor being poor , and at the same time denied the means of obtaining for themselves independent subsistence . Bear witness , the unhappy lot of the Hig hland and the Irish neasant , both the victims of all . devouring aristo-
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cracy . Bear witness , the untold numbers of the people of Ireland , who in hundreds of thousands have perished of famine and hunger-engendered pestileQce . What have you gained by ' civilisation ? ' \ Vor » e than nothing ; . Thousands suffer worse than tbe Troes of savage life , whilst wanting the freedom and independence of savages . But enough . To paraphrase the vrords of a great man , applied by him to those monsters called 1 kings ' , we may truly declare that the history o / our rulers is the martyrology of the people . , . iT cracy . Betr witness , the untold numbers of ft .
Your demands are just . You demand eqn » i righ ts and equal laws . You demand the ri ght of labour , and to have guaranteed to you the fruits of your labour . To that end you demand the Char , tee , for by and through it you could command real protection for your labour . All the sophistriei , falsehoods , calumnies , and violence of your enemies , will fail to shake the juttice of yeur cause . Strong in the faith that you have right on your side , and the happiness of all for the object of your mission , you will march on , conquering and to conquer .
Another infamous measure , about to become law , demands passing notice . We allude to the new Alien Bill . This bill places tbe person of every ' foreigner' in the country at the mercy of the Secretary of State , who may compel any suspected person , not being a native of these realms , to leave this country , under pain of imprisonment . This bill is not levelled against those privileged 'foreigners' whoie only vocation is to live in luxurious idleness at tbe cost of the people of this country . Neither is it intended to operate against those royal tyrants and aristocratical conspirators who
have been , or may be , driven to seek refuge in this land from the just wrath of the nations they have attempted to enslave . The Alien Bill is intended for the two-fold abominable purpose of placing in the hands of the government the power—first , to . banish from the country any 'foreigner' suspected of cherishing democratic principles , and sympathising with the wronged people of this country in their efforts to recover their rights ; second , to drive from this land any patriot proscribed by foreign tyrants . Henceforth , England is to be a refuge only for the enemies of Liberty ; the friends of freedom will no more find safety on her shores .
The Gagging Bill ia intended to prevent the march of Democracy at home—the Alien Bill is intended to obstruct the progress of mankind ' s fraternity . Both Iaw 3 are violations of the natural rights of man—and , therefore , treason to the people . There can be no question that the Alien Bill is levelled against this Association . Accordingly , we have this day dissolved the society of Fraternal Democrats , and thus released our ' foreign' brethren from their obligations as members . In the place of
the old association , we have organised a new society devoted to the propaganda of tee principles of Democracy and Fraternity . It will be necessary for the members of the old society , who may desire to become members of tbe new , to signify tbe sarae to the officers of the society . The meetings of the Association will be open , and all its proceedings public , but precautions will betaken to guard honets men against the intrusion of spies , and the evil counsels ef dangerous characters .
Although we have , for the sake of our 'foreign' friends , released them from their obligations to the society , tbe Fraternal Democrats will , nevertheless , continue to act the part of a ' Foreign Affairs Committee' to the Democratic Movement . Faithful to the principle proclaimed ia our original motto' All Men are Brethren , ' we shall continue , in spite of Gagging Bills and Alien Bills , to labour for the fraternisation of nations , and tae destruction of tyranny and inequality , in every name and form , in this and every other land .
The times are propitious for action . The succeasful example of other nations has excited a thirst for freedom amongst masses of the people of these islands , unquenchable by any means tt the command of the enemies of progress . Nothing can prevent the final triumph of justice ; and that triumph is near , unless prevented by disunion and imprudenee ia our own ranks . The fraternisation of the Irish Repealers with the Democrats of Britain is the most cheering of all the cheering ' signs of the timcB '—a sign foreshadowing the speedy liberation of both nations . The new middle class movement attests the progress of Chartism . It is true we have no faith in the patriotism of the bourgeoisie , for profitmongering and patriotism must ever be opposed , but we have great faith in their one idea of
selfpreiervation . Their own political system is rapidl y reducing them to utter ruin , and hence , their newborn love for the proletarians , ft is true they shrink from the adoption of the full measure of equal justice—the Charter ; nevertheless , we say , let them go on . The bourgeoisie will , by their agitation , keep the ruling few ( in spite of the Gagging Bill ) in a state of uneasiness , the only method , according to Bevtham , for the many to obtain justice . Their own necessities will impel them onwards . The people ' s part , while employing every wise means to hasten the crisis , is to abide by principle—steadfastly hold fast by the Charter , and when the hour of change comes , see that the change shall be one of complete popular emancipation—the downfall of Privilege and the triumph of Democracy .
People of Great Britain and Ireland , let unim pervade your ranks , end wisdom and energy \ guide your councils , and your victory is certain , the victory of— ' Equality , Liberty , Fbaternity . ' John M Crag , Chairman . G . Julian Harnkt , Secretary . London , May 4 tn , 1848 .
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Suicide . —Yes ' ef day Mr Mills held an inquest at the Yorkshire Grey , Hampstead , upon J . hn Brewer , aged forty-oi . e , a gardener . The deceased , whclived at 11 , Charles-street , PortJandfcown , and occupied the same room in which Hocker , the murderer lived and was arrested , evinced for some time pa 3 t mental aberration , and threatened to destroy himself , for the purpose , as he said , of ascertaining whether there was a God . His mental diBease was aggravated by pecuniary difficulties , About eight o'clock last Menday morning , eome boya , who were birdnesting , saw him hanging from a tree in a field adjoining Hampstead caurch . —Verdict . Insanity .
Narrow Escape . —On Saturday evening las ' , about ; five o ' clock , a cat was seen to rup iato a drain , near Mr Rateliffe ' a mill , Oldham , when a man standin " by , sent in a favourite dog alter it . As the doe did not return , the man offered a lid fourpence to to in and fetch him . This the boy did , but when he had gone a few steps , be appeared to have fallen into a lower drain , and to have gone gone on , thinking he was gotticg out . It Wiia found neei > 9 sary to open the drain in order to get him out , which was not accomplished until he had been in five hours . Lite was almost extinct , but , by the use of proper irenns , he was partially restored , and is now in a fair way of reooyery .
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( From the Gaxette of Tuesday , May 2 . ) BANKRUPTS . Vincent Henry Halipiko , Crorner-street , Gray ' s-initroad , pianofuite maker— Richard Jewesson , Great Winchester-street , merchant—ThomasGeorg * Smith , Adnm'gcourt , Old Broad-street ,, stockbroker—Edward Joseph I'lucltrose , Kingaland road , teadenler-Eliiabeth Mary Heiidlund , Hurley-street , Cavendish-square , lodging housekeeper— Henry Bertram , Elizabeth street , Pimlico , wine merchant—Thomas Smith , Portsea and BirmiDKhnm , licensed hawker—James Kejmer , Lawrencclane , Cheapside , warehouseman—William Webb Ward , Stafford , tuetul dealer—Robert Wolstoi ) , Stamford , Laucashiro , brickmaker-Sumuol Berry , Bamstaple , Devon-Bhire , grocer-William Floya , Tavistock , Devonshire , victualler—John Dncie Jtffery , Sidmonth , Devonshire , apothecary-Richard Bcanlauds , Halifax , innkeeper-Darnel M'Hnrdy , Almondbury , Yorkshire , iunkeeper-YuUiam Potter , Birkenbend , Cheshire and Liverpool , merchant-Edward Hall , Manchester , packer and maiierup , andAahtou-uader-Lyne , innkeeper .
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS . J . Fraser , Inverness , fousder-A . Moffat , Glasgow carter — D . Henderson , Old Monkland , Lanarkshire smith .
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street , Haymarket , iu the City of Westminster , at - « Office , in tho same Street and I ' arish , for the Pri-prU'tiifi PEA . RGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., M . P ., and puUisi" ^ by WmuM Hewitt , of Ko . 18 , Chavles . street , Dr- ' don-strect , Walworth , in the parish of St . Mary , NW ' ington , in tho County of Surrey , at the Office , No . *' Great Windmill-street , iravimrifot , in th » Cityoi ' A ti minster . —Saturday Mi y . Qtb . lSO .
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On Friday , the 21 st ult ., at Wanington , ajed sistjeight ye ; . rp , Mr Ralph Lawless , of Loner Bank street . Universally esteemed and regretted by all that knew Lin , ho was un affectionate husband , a Kind father anil a siucero friend . His end was peace . Mr William Simpson , on Saturdav , April 29 th . He was a democrat of twenty years' stundiug . BIRTH . At Leicester , on the 16 th iust ., the wife of Samuel Smith , of a son . Tho boy has been named Peii ^ u * O'Connor Smith . At St Mai'j ' s Church , Blackburn , the sen of Janie » Crawshaw , named Thomas Slingsby Crawshaw , ou 8 ui > day , the 2 Sth March . Feargus O'Connor Tait , the son of William and C arJ Tait , of Middksboro " , ut Jliidlesboro' church , on Sunday , the ! Hh of April .
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THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS . A meeting of this association took place on Thursday evening , at Cartwright'a Coffee Rooms , Redsross-atreet , Barbican . Mr T . M . Wheeler was called to tbe chair . Julia *? Haenet commented on the Gagging Law and the new , Alien Bill , and showed the necessity of dissolving the society as then constituted . Mr T . Ireland moved and Mr Adams seconded the motion , that the society be dissolved . Carried . Mr Wheeler then left the chair with the thanks of the meetin g
At nine o ' clock the puhlio were admitted . Mr John M'Cras , delegate to the National Assembly was called to the chair . Mr West ( delegate from Sfcoekport ) moved , ' That an association be forthwith formed , embracing the principles of tbe association just dissolved . ' The motion having been seconded , and supported by Julian Hahnet , was carried unanimously .
A committee was then appointed to draw up a plan of organisation for the new society . Julian Harnbt proposed the adoption of an address to the people . Mr John Wist seconded the motion in a telling speech , which was loudly applauded . Mr S . Ktdd supported the motion in a lengthy , able , and eloquent speech , on the organisation of labour , wkich elicited enthusiastic applause . The addresa was unsnimoqely adopted ,
It wtiB then resolved , tbat tbe next meeting ot members ofthenew Association should take place on Friday evening . May 12 tb , ( atthe above-named place ) , at seven o ' cl ° < - 'k < to adopt the plan of organisation ; and that the public be admitted at half-past eight o ' clock the same evening . The subject to be dis * eussed will be the commission for the organisation ot labour , instituted by the French Provisional Government . . . Thanks having beea voted to the chairman , and eloquently responded to by that gentleman , the meeting adjourned . Address of a Public Meeting of the members and frieids of the Association of THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS TO THE WORKING CLASSES 07 GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND .
Deaths.
DEATHS .
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May 6 , 1848 THE NftRTWF . F" STAR . r . © —¦ - == T
T Printed Fcy Dougal M'Guwan, Of 16, Great Vvinuaiu"
t Printed fcy DOUGAL M'GUWAN , of 16 , Great VVinuaiU"
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 6, 1848, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1469/page/8/
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