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few month * 127 families hare . ¦ been ! evicted from then-holdings ; and , allowingfive to each ( anther moderate computation ) , it wouldmakeaiotal of 635 individuals . . : - A subscription is heing made for the distressed RlOtesfcmtclergy . Amongst thecases / broughfc into public notice is that of a clergyman whose income was £ 367 yearly . Of that sum £ 94 was assigned to X » 7 a charge for £ 1 , 000 on the glebe louse . His pooriates . for the last year were £ 160 . He had a s « nt of £ 47 to pay for the glebe , and aftefpaying an insurance he had a balance ' of £ 4 V per annum to support his wife , himself , and seven children . Our-Boon Belief . —Siaxe op the Pooh!—Serjeant Hbwley , in his address to the Thurles Quarter « AW TOAtlfll *; " l ^ . T -ft » -i ^ t 1 an-. \ . ^ JLi' i- ~ r--- - " „ - - -
Sessions , after commenting on the state of the calendar , emphatically asked , " 2 fow , gentlemen , what isqnt-door relief ?; -Ithas borne to my ears , and I believe your own experience will bear me out , that those who are recipients of that relief are in many -cases-persons ; who have no home of their own , and .-who are obliged to depend upon : the lodgings which they get from others , and for . whichtheymust pay ly giving the better half of what they receive in outdoor relief ; and thus it is they , are tempted by their poverty and suffering io attempt ana perpetuate those offences with which they etand charged—for , look at their wan cheeks—the mournful expression of their countenances—their wasted forms—their eyes starting from their sockets—and their limbs
tottering by the slow process of want—look at their ragged garments—their wretchedclothing melting efftheir backs ; Alas , gentlemen , this is a picture which I regret to say ^ we shall behold in the progress of this session ; But , gentlemen , that is no justification ,-in point of law , as I have said before for those persons receiving out-door relief to attack the property of others . But , inthat spirit of justice mercy , and consideration , in -which our laws are administered , I cannot avoid thinking that though I cannot admit the justification , I cannot hut allow ihe-explanation of the cause of those crimes . Those $ Wff people , alihongh they are outside the walls of the workhouse in receipt of their rations . -yet they are obliged to part with a ? ood DroDortion of + hem
for the purpose of giving them shelter ' at night , arid -of guarding them from' the inclemency of the ¦ weather . But what shelter " doe 3 it afford them 1 Generally a wad of straw , without covering , the warmth of a mud wall , and the shelter of an " almost roofless cabin . Ay , and to pay for that shelter they take from their hunger , " and they are satisfied with at . -But look-at them— -they are positively naked . . They are almost a shame to humanity , and the gaze of a modest person could not be . able to withstand the spectacle , unless it was so prevalent , so common , and such aa everyday-occurrence , as not to cause any astonishment , or excite wonder ., I fear , the approaching four or five months will be worse than any that have passed " . ' Tou may . now , gentlemcn , retiretoyour-roora , andfirstconsideranddisposo of thebiUsin simple larceny cases , because we shall try them first , and the most of them . "will plead guilty , hi which means-we shalltho more quicklycet them
out of the crowded bridewell , particularly when there is pestilence floating in the very motion of the air , and God only knows what the result mi ght be if they had to remain there ibr any length bftjme , " - Pbospects op toe- CocsiKr .- ^ Tliere are nearly fourth months of further severe trial and , suffering l > efore anything like effectual relief can be expected from the harvest ; and , during that , long-interval , tie resources of this unhappy country must be still farther exhausted , whilst toe ravages of famine will be continued amongst the broken-down peasantry of the south and west . Emigration and " evictions are -still continued ; " and thus , by Yoluntary / surrender of the larger class of farms ,- and the : ¦ forcible expulsion of the cottiers , the clearance system Is in full operation . The poor-law guardians of the union' of Athy , county of Eldare ; haye allocated £ l , 000 lfor . the purpose of sending out emigrant paupers from the workhouse—a most useful and salutary-species ' -ofemigration . —ibrning Chronicle . ¦ ¦ • ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦' - : ' ,
Emigration . —The Tippcrary Vindicator contains the following : — "Inthisyear of ' 49 the drain is enormous . -Every week sin , ce Lady-day two or three ships have cleared out of Waterford . Harbour , each with its human freight of men , women , and children firing the country . Jfot Jess -than 2 , 000 have' lef t Ireland from that port alone . Irom the upper parts of Tipper ary , from the Eing ' s and Queer's Counties , from Carlow and Kilkenny , immense crowds have collected at the stations of the Great Southern-and "Western Bailway , taking seats in railway carriages for the metropolis , from which / or from lAyerpoo } , to take shipping for America . Six and seven ship loada of people leave limerick- in a week on the « ame westward track . Equally large are the departures from Cork , from Londonderry , from ' Sligo , Galway , and Carrickfergus . 20 , 000 souls ' , at the
lowest calculation , have emigrated since the opening of the season . " The same journal , referring to the mortality amongst the destitute poor , says : — "An ¦ estimate of the havoc from this causeonay he formed irom the fact that from Christmas-day , * 48 , to JJayday , ' 49 r-a period of four months—the deaths in one srorkhousc ( that of JTenagh union ) amounted to 950 . ! There areJ 30 . union workhouses in Ireland / and - auxiliaries' innumerable . "Who can say what amount of deaths have occurred in the whole ? "Who can sum / up the number of the victims-done to death Outside their walls , unrecorded even in the gloomy pages of the relieving officers * coffin order books 1—jChe totis-ghastly- ^ the pictnreisterrific ; we cannot trace it farther . " - The CorkRtaminer states , that " from ninety to one hundred ejectments have been -served on the Midleton estate , since it came into the possession of the present owner . " '
BAHBAnorsiXD KEvptTixc JIeeders . —The Mma-< jhanStanddr < l contains the following ;—"^ Wehave to record the particulars of a double murder , perpetrated in . the county of ilonaghan . Theparti--eulare are as follow : —An old man , named Peter 31 'Court ; lived in a wretched hovel , built in a gully of a mountain water-course , in the townland " ot IXrunjferneskin , ^ n the barony of Trough and parish of Errigle Trough , in the county ' . of Aionaghan . In the course of along life of extreme penury he contrived to amass a sum of about £ 30 , which ; at his -death ; he left by -will in trust for his ' niece , Catherine M'Court , who had always lived with him , save . a few minor legacies to a iiumber of other nephews and nieces , which- reduced the portion of Catherine
to a little over £ 20 . Since the death of her uncle , Catherine continued to reside in the samehovel i ¦ experiencing the ill-will and jealousy of the other relations of her deceased uncle , insomuch -that she took , to share her loneliness , a poor old woman , cnamed Kitty . Trainor , who was aged about sixtyfive years . Ihe .: thirst , for . money tempted the murderer , and Catherine Jl'Court and her aged companion , Etty Trainor , were brutally murdered , and burnt , tntlieir cabin , on Tuesday night . It ap ^ peared that the murderer , on entering , first seized Catherine H'Court , and endeavoured to strangle her with hishands , - for" black , indented marks , as of a finger and thumb , appeal- onhoth sides of the seek , so strongTv . niarked that even an- abrasion of
the skmwas the consequence—the right eye-pro traded from the head , and the face was suffused ¦ with blood—but it would appear that failing in this ¦ Ei ode of murder , too slow ibr iis purpose , he . used some" ¦ weapon like a hatchet , with the , hack of vrhichhe smashed the skull of his victim , about an inch above the centre of the forehead , and inflicted smother wound as if . with the cutting side of a hatchet behind the left ear , crashing through the skull into the brain . -The other woman , - Trainor ; was similarly treated , and had three" distinct fractures hi the skull , through one of which the Drain protruded , " and all the . wounds ; hore the . ' characteristics" of having been inflicted by a similar "weapon . Intelligence of the catastrophe reached
JVIonaghan late on Wednesday evening . buD-lnspector M'Kelvie set out for the locality , " and after . a ; Blinuteinvestigation , and examination of persons , he felt Irimself justified in arresting five . individuals / all of whom wererelatives of the deceased ; . - MrJ 3 £ 'KelvIe kept all those in custody TintU the arrival of the coroner on Thursday , when an inquest" wds held , and the following Verdict returned z- ^ -We find that Catherine M'Cpurt came by her death , on , the 1 st . of May , . 1849 , in consequence of strangulation and fractures on the sfeull , perpetrated by . Peter iDEenna and Ellen M'Eenna ; and we find that ; Catherine Trainor- came by her-death m cerise--quenee offraetures . of the skull , and . " being subse-i fluentiv consumed bv burning , perpetrated By the ;
• aforesaid Peter M'Eenna Mid EUen . il'Eenna . Both . prisoners were then committed to take their trial Jbrmurder . V .. - r ' '¦ . ¦ --- " - - ¦ - ' ' ¦ *¦— . ' ;" Steaxce Proceewsgs Ef . Catas . —At EUleshan-^ ra petty session on Thursday , the magistrates were "Occupied with charges _ and couhter-charges made J > y taeBev . TOlIiam Sweeny , Presbyterian minister , and the Bev . "Waltef Irvine , a clergyman of the Estahh ' shed Church , respecting the ihtermentjof a deceased member of the Presbyterian congrecation , in the burM ground of the parish church at Kildal Ien . " Although due notice . was served . by . ihe Pres-Ljterian minister of his intention toreadthe-hurial service according tftvthe » fona . J ) f » Ms church , the JKcf . Mr . Irvine attended at the grave , and amidst a scene of great confusion ^ ahd . unseemly recrimination , hdth dereymen perfflsteiin gqmg throughthe parial services of their- respective . churches . . The
m agistrates dismissed hbta complaints on account of mfonnality in the summonses . Even before the ^ gistratea both clergymen exhibited much excitensnt , and contradicted eaeh other . — - ' - •; - ^" . The Anglo GeU ,-in > a second -edjtipn , " -states that another memher of the FrMyter ^ R ^ congregation ** a interred in the samei . churchyard . " on / Eriday , when the " " rival parties again met in great numbers , and came to blows , but happUy no lives W « re lost , Thitjonri ^ siysT— "Ifc M'Cullagh , readeat magistrate . ^ had a large : police ' force Pj ^ sent , "who prevented a serious conflict which "raermse . wonidh ave taken place . - ThepoUcetook Kverai pnsoners . 'A . ' : ; : „ - '; ''" d ^* ° ^^ ^ ^ ' FoBaEBX . -rCbnsideraWe 2 lOIllR « created yesterday in legal : circles 3 n ^^ ence of a discovery which toof place iu the » pffi ihe ^ ' » Wiat has transpired it ^ ear 3 that aMUTe of England , who has been a
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resident-ofthis city for yeafs , ~ and who belonged to a branch of the legal profession , "in which 1 he enjoyed both ^ reputation and business , got married some time since to a . lady : of ' great -respectability , who had a fortune , of about £ 1 , 200 . -TmVstira , ' itappears , was . vested in trustees'for the : * benefit ; of the lady , and lodged in government security , so as not to be drawn save by . trustees " . Some days since the gentleman alluded to presented himself at the bank , produced two separate powers of attorney for £ 600 each ,. hoth purporting to be" witnessed by clergymen , and on these documents he received the money , with which he disappeared . : Several of the detective ; corps , and -some of the -metropolitan police stationed , at the Rock ; near which his country residence was situated , are said to be on his track . TTFrecinan sJournal . _; : : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ t .: -. ; . - ... ;• ¦¦ ¦¦
ThkEap ai-Foot ) . —The sum subscribed-in the dioceBeof . Waterford , and abeadyreceived by the Boman Catholic Bishop , Dr . JToran / towards the fund for the Pope , is £ 764 ., : . ; .. ¦ ' - :: « --t : ^ Iosdat . —Cosdihox of Lashed Eroprwtors . — The Carlow Sentinel contains a statement illustrative of the actual condition of two embarrassed proprietors in a nei ghbouring county , who , having ; expetdedtheir last shilling to safe the . peasantry in the years 184 G- —7 , . are now , themselves irretrievably ruined ; owing . to . circumstances over ; which- they havenocontroL .: Theircase , according to the-Sentinel , ia simply thb : —' ¦ ' The mortgagees' duringthe last two years enforced the payment to the last farthing of the interest duo to them , ¦ with the i ' a ' rrears
of 1846 . i In the interim all the ready money available went to pay the poor , rate , while not a shilling of rent was paid to them during a year and a half . Thus ,. witharinnpaid rental-r-the payment of intereat to tho mortgagees , and the payment of the poor rate ,. superadaed to the-necessary expenditure for the support of their families—they are reduced to all but destitution . Notwithstanding thi 3 state of things the government are laying on -more rates on the land , -while the overgorged f capitalist or mortgagee is exempt from ; any-portion- of . the burden . In other cases the owners of property are obliged to purchase the interest of the . tenant who emigrates , rather than allow the land to lie . waste in the hands " of paupers to whom it'may be assigned ';
and it J 6 U 0 W 9 that theowner is compelled-to pay a second tune for the fee simple of his estate . ¦; This is a . picture entirely overlooked ia the sad condition to ^ hich landed property is reduced in Ireland . " : - . rSiATE op KEUKr .- ^ The Cork Reporter contains > a report of a meeting of the Traleehoard of guardians , ' at which a resolution was adopted which presents a very striking picture of Kerry in the-year 1849 , 'the substance , of , which will be found ; embodied in the subjoined comments of the journal above mentioned " A resolution was passed , in reply , to a letter froni the Poor law . Commissioners ^ stating that the board had : no funds ; that the . weekly , collection : was " -barely sufficient . to meet each week ' s * expenses ; -that the board owed £ 8 . 000 to contractors : that the farmers
were . daily leaving the country , atleast suehias had the means to do so ; that numbers of ; acres were lyuig . Tniste . ; -that the greater portionof the catUe in tue union were in the pound for poor rate ; that purchasers ; , could not . be 'found - lor .: ? them , ! ' eveo although cowb aad . horaca were sold frequently at from 2 s ; 6 d ; to os ,-each . .-This is . certainly a very deplorable picture ; yet it ; is a true one , and the worst ofit is / that the state of the Tralee Union is by nomeans a-. siagnhir . one .- > . We find-: by our report from the Killarney Union that at the meeting of the guardians on-. Monday between 800 and ; 900- persons were refused relief int-consequence of , want- of Jaccommodation J . - Other unions ' ¦ in the - same county
ace . ial a : similar , condition—every day those who havejtheHmeans-to do so areleaving ^ the'country ; and > nought ; remams behind . but uncultivated aeres and Tasfchprdes - of-paupers . -- ^ nd ; = yet , amidst all this spreading ; desolation ,-sonie landlords are-evicting and driving -wretched'creatures , that might till the soiL to the poorhouse , where they are either refused-admission , or , being admitted , assist in increasing > the : burden of an- intolerable poor- rat ? . The early , summer months-are-approaching—the period duringiwhich in Ireland destitution has ' . eve i oeen most prevalent ^ Witb . -the position of Kerry as it-is-now , . who shall- say ; what it will bo ; in the siTif ^ TTnn ? * . ? .. ± .-..-. . ' - - - v - - .- -. ¦ - " . ----- -- ¦ - - -- ' - ' .
. EuionATioX : —^ The ,- CtmtJk pbrUr gives a statement , of the number of emigrants that have left thatport direct from the 1 st of January to the 30 th ultl , ' premising that the account does not include those who proceeded thence to- Liverpool and other emigrating- ports z—For the . qnarter ending the -31 st ~ of March , fifteea emigrant . vessels sailed , carrying 84 G men 572 :. womcn , and 357 children' —total , l , 775 . From that day to the 13 th of April , eight vessels , contamingl 35 persons ; from- the ! 13 th- of April to the 30 th , eleven vessels , containing 1 , 703 personsmaking a total . since . the ; 1 st of-- January of 3 , 613 men , women , and children . . ¦ . ;¦ . ' j "
- Thb : Cowici Muchke . —By the last west India mail , a "letter was received byiMitchel ' s -family , written just as he-was about to take hia departure from Bermuda for . the . Cape ; Bis . health cbntihueii extremely precarious , he having been-thensuffering from spasmodic attack ; whiei » lastedjirith scarcely any intermission , fora . period of-eleven days . Bis spirits , " however ,: remained unbroken , and , although barely able : to write , he looked . confidently to the change of climate as the means of restoring him to comparativehealthandstrength . •••; '•" - "'•" - ' ¦ .. .: Tuesdax . t—Toe- State -Pkisosers . - - Sfr . John Martin of Loughorne , for several months a-prisoner in Richmond Bridewell ; under sentence of transportation for treason felony , is , it appears ,- at the ^ point of . death .-and Testerday his medical attendants gave
it ^ as their opinion that any further confinement mnst tend to . hasten the crisis .. Under the peculiar . circumstances it is not improbable that government will oppose an application , to admit him to bail . — Times . ' . " : :.- •' - ¦ ¦ ^ - . "Wednesday . —^ TnE Bakkrdpt Poor-Law Unions . —The board-rooms of distressed unions , on the occasion of the . weekly assemblage oftbe guardians , resemhlethe meeting of creditors to prove ; debts and seek for-dividends : out of bankrupt' ^ estates . Such i 3 the miserable condition of the pauperised andbankrupt unionsin the west and south . j A-vast accumuLition . . of debtr-omportunate creditors delaanding : pn , y ment of thevr coBtracts for food supplied for Ihe thousands of paupers , ; and exhausted- treasuries , which , the rate collectors find it impossible to replenish ., -- ' - I-:.-. ¦ ¦¦ - ' ¦ ^ » : " .
State of . ihe - West . —» At »¦ meeting -yesterday of "the General-Kelief-Committee , a-letter . was read from the = » ReV ;? Jolm > Cather ^ Protestant rector : of . Crossboyne , ' ¦ in the county of ilayo ,-in-the ; course of which-the writer thhs describes the condition of- the ; Ballinrote Union : — "About one-third of our population are on therbbr Law Hste ,: but from the insufficiency of "the Staff underthe . vice-guardians , and . the irregular supply of-meal hythe contractors , hundreds of them are often left famishing , andniany deaths , even amongst tiiqse whoso claims to ; relief arc recognised , \ ocqur frointhis ' caust -There-i ^ howover ^ another class whose presentsufferhigs excite the greatest pity in us who live amongst themwithout the power to aid them-rrl mean the holderstdf smallpprtidnsbf land ; wi . o ^ as landholders , = are--disqualified' fromreceiying poor law -relief , but whose destitution is now , in many casesj a 3 great as that'of thoserwhd' ; have
long been . paupers .. -AJarge number of them--have Lately given up their lands , but we have even" there a difficulty in obtaining for th-m ' relief , as the landlord opposes unless he also-gets possession of- the house , .-that it may be . thrown downV ; Those who still , retain then * lands have , " this spring , usually sold their , crop to some better off neighbour , and bought . oats or barieyfor seed . Of this ' class very fewl&veanv : potatoes planted -there-is-not " onefifta the quantity there was here last yectr ;; " but , through the kindnessof the ; Society -of friends , I have been enabled-to supply _ nuiny ; of them with , tur- ; . nip . and carrot seeds .-uTheir j state now , -however ,: is one of extreme destitutibnr-ySihce' "the « holera lias broten out in _ Ball » n ? Qb . e jsflrkhouse , many : hundreds of the inmates ' have died from it ; they have forfeited relief for the present , and-their- cases are to beaddedio thosetwhich Ihave ^ lluded to / as having no refuge from famine but in the bounty of some such ; committee as yours " . " .- "• • ¦ ¦ - ; " - ' ' "' ,
_ Tho subscriptions Jiow . received amount to £ 354 , and the balance in hand is £ 234 .: . 'Letters were read from Lord . Gloncnrryj the ; Deanof Sti Patrick's , Alderman ¦ Jfinahan , ; . and : other , geritlemcn . ~ Two . ' sums of- £ 10 each were-vbted for the" relief-of the destitnteintwo westernparahes . y S ^ ^ -7 ;^ . -,-. Archbishop JlfBale has : addressed a letter to the Freeman's . Journal , acknqwledgmg the i receipt of r number of private sub ' scriptions transmitted to-fam ^ from various , parts of the country / including . £ 100 each- 'fromllr .-James Pagan , M . P . r and Mr .-K . Beyerenx , oiWexfbrd . v : ' ¦ ' - ¦¦ i ' - . ^' " ^ , \ ~ ' % ""'" Mdbbbb . —On -Monday ; evennig the wow of Daniel ilurphy , of-Teerealten , near Macroom , about Giffbtv-vearsof : ace ; : was brutally murdered ¦ > in her
. owniouse , and several articles-belonging ^ to ner taken therefrom , including a goldrmg with ner mitials . She supposed .-perpetrator is- * man of-the name of . William Murphy , living on the lahdsfwhose brother works with , a son of -the deceased / After havinn been murdered the woman was put into jier bed ; the roonidoor closed , the kitchen door locked , and the Key ; taKenavay , As nobody lived with * er , it was not until the : evening of the next-day that she was discovered .. ' -. On some-Tcry slight suspicion . Murphy-was arrested , -when the ring and-several other .: articles beloneinff . tothodeceased ' were fotfnd
pn his person ..: A few minutes hefore being arrested ^ when , the corpse wasl discovered he ' Trent-to"the house and feigned to cry over the ^ mangled'bodyof the deceased .. Informations were also lodged against him and a relative of his named Duggan , for sneepstealing ,. on the : clearest evidence , " Dugpin ia ^ ih custody , ... and ; the . sheeprrestoredto thegowner ; Neither-person nor property can be considered safe in the parish of Eilmichael , which is soofteri' the scene of theffc and murde £ / - - ¦ ¦ & ' " - ¦ ¦ •¦• ¦ - " 3 ' \ - " ' . : WisrB iASi > 3 "»» - -UisiBB ^ The- Armagh' Giiar dian st » te 3 that seven townlands , extending nearly three miles , near Benburb , are now totally unoccupied , having been abandoned by the population .
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-l ^^ sto having from the "Wboisaclr , iMtA ^ vH ' . ^ l ^^" "' 1 W \ fr " omlhb " mini ^ ew ^ w t - e - ront cross b 6 ncli » and . said this question 3 ^ ^ . ; ? nsid ^ eJ / ftom tin . ee points of view . Ift > V * T ^ s affect ^ ^ the ab ct principles SiS * - ^^ " ? ' its' own ' ments ' rind ; thirdly , as ^ it ' affected the general position of the country . Hofolt cbnvincGd that'there was a . ood 2 mmu faac ease that woslioulil berableto compete ' succe ^ fuU ywiththeforei gher . Heamvedatthisc ' o ^ elusion from his knowledge of the energy of the British seaman ' s character , and from a consideration ' of what had ' been done under a system of i-e ' ciprocity treatiGg . ; t The }' . must recollect thiiyHiuit . inevitably have recip ' rocity'ih one ' way or andtaer—racinrbcitv of restriction or reciprocity of free ? trade . He
believed the British seaman would' flourish under either ; "' ; " -, ¦ ' ; v ' ¦ ' ¦• : ' ' -y -- ~ > ¦ . ¦ . - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦;¦ ' ' ; The - ' Earl ' of ELMSNBOROUGif agfeed ''\ vith Lord Brougham that this question ' had : no " connexion with free trader ' ' He ; ha'd ¦ ' suppbrtecl ' free : trade , but he shouldoppbse the repeal of ' the . navigation ' laws . He argued that the existing ; system had ' ansvyered , and that the present was not the time to diminish in any way the marine of England : " "We wquired 100 , 000 men and 1 , 000 ships to prbtecfc iis durinc the ; last war . , ' Since then we' liad ' added greatly to our colonial estabhshmerita . ¦ We had ' extended our dominions m the East and in Australia : arid we had in spirit of romance rather than policy , , formed , W ^ Wat expense ; such worthldss colonies aa Labuan . Whilat , we requ » 'ed greatly ; increased i )' owers .
i ! ranee , ; the United States , and Russia ; had ^ been greatly augmenting their respective' navies . " Even Naples had . formed a steam ; fleet . " . "We . had no means of defence but in our" pmi ria ! vyy and " this measure went to tho extirpation of that . ' se rvice : ( Cheers . ) The noble marquis ( Lansilowne ) appeared , to think the question one of no importance . He could always , he , . said ; get . Lascars . "Lascars I" ' . The idea of manning a British navy . with , Lascars ! . iOn ^ lmt ground ;> Tere they ' called onto " alter thia law" ? . They were told that they niust do sb on account' of the distresses of the West Indies ; ' But what did the people :, of / Antigua say ? " Their poverty , but not their . will ; ' consented . ' ^ ' . " . Struggling for existence ilSalnst De # ' ! ; ll'Vl' thev tr ' tira Milimvll nnu-nWi . ' n » 7 ' nV > ~
tantly , to enter ., their protest against a ; law , opposed to the aH-povrer ful principles . of free . trade ?; .. ' . ' .. For his own part , however , ' heneitlierrecogriised West Indians nor Canadians ; . ; " He , regarded them all as members of the great British ' family , and lip thought it right tliat they should bear th ! eir" share of any indirect burilen'impolsed ; . as . this ^ vas / for ^ the . general good / " He concluded with ; an attack . 1 upon trie 1 , ' goyernmehtfor . ' their policy in ' this . ' arid other rrieasii ' resfarid'a ^ wning a ^ inst ' tr ^ wisaltli : ^; ' ; ' ' . " . ' " ! ' . ' . . ' ., '' . ' .. ''' ; "¦ ¦• . ' * "' .--r ., " . " ,, , ¦'" - : ¦ ¦ . ' : ¦ \ , : Th ' e'Earrqf CAiiLisiE moved the -adjournment of thbr ; debatbivhich ( was ; ag ' reed tb , \ a ^ ioufrie'dat . a quarter pasli twelve o ' clock " . ' " . ' l
: HOUSE " . O ¥ j ; , CpM ¥ 9 ^ S . ^ - ; PARLiAMESiAnY 'BBiBES . ^ -Mr / CnARiEijis . said lie rose , to put to the noble-lord at tlie . head of "thegovemmeht , the , questioir of which 'he , had - jj iven notice ; ' . but / as considerable misuhdersfending existed as , to the objeiet lie had in' ficvl it hbi ^ supposi ^; bjr many poi'Bons that it wKs directe d ' against' some iridiviauarihem- , her of that House , he " begged to . ' say { haf nothing , was furfher than ' that ; frbm , ; his intbntipn .,. ( Heair , hear . ) ;! 'As' m ' any ' persbns . Jnpxy ; " present . had not had , ' perhaps ; an oppo . rtiihity of directing their , attention to "the . vepovt / of ! ittieEast ' evn ; Counties Railway Cbnimittee of ; lnyesti ^ atibfa ; tow . hich ; his questions referred ; he ' would . thkb . the ., liberty . of readinor a
short extract from it to the ; House : The extract ;' , taken from th ' e . rep | ort * vr )> icli ^^ appeared'in tiao Times hewspaper ; was | ag'f 6 lldw 9 " : — ,, . ,, „ ' . ' , ; , '¦ < - . ; . lri . ' thb in ' ve 3 ti | atibh of the disbursements under the - head bf . 'Pai-Iiainentary . 'Expenses ' , there j are scverivl items , the precise " chhrjicter , of which your committee could not '; amve at . " The items referred ! to are the follbVi'hiff i— i '" . . '; . : ' . " ' ' . ' . ' '" .. "' . ' , 'i \ ¦ ' . : ¦ l 840 ; - ' ^ ; -: >; :- : ; r ;;; -n-- ;; .. - ;; - ; ;; v :: £ ; j ; a : April 17 , byTarliamehtaryexpbnsesfa . 500 0 0 Apvii 24 , - ., ; ¦¦¦ •;¦ : „;/ v y :.:: " - \ tL 3 , 0 . 00 :. . 0 ! o April 28 , ' ¦ ¦ •; : '' ! , ; ' ,. ; . , ; .. V , ( a 2 ; 40 C . M 7-. 0 Aprii ' 28 ; , ; ¦ . ; : .: „ •; . : " .. . ' . { & l . Yop ' . o o ¦ ~ - i 847 : " ' ; "' . ¦ " ¦¦ . ; . ¦ ¦ . ; . . ¦; - .. ; .. ; "• ¦" ¦ ..,,. ¦ . ¦ . ' " - ' - .. Juno 25 , by | Extensions '' : ' . '„ '' . ' . ' / . ' ( b ) 9 , 0 tK > . f ) , 6
•• : ' :. ! . '';•; ¦;• : ¦' , , ;; . ' . ! ppeiz : e % "In-referenco to the amount of the items marked ( a ); namely , ;' £ 7 ,, 606 ; 17 s .. 6 d . / the .. ' explanation given to" your . ' coriiriiittee e b ' y Mr . . . W ? iddingtpn and ; Mr . l > . uncan was , that tho sums , as stated , ' wei-e ilisburs ' ea by thecompany' through . them , ' . for services rendered , and ; in a manner ' which did not leave them . at liberty togive particulars , as , those , could not b ' e given without , implicating other parties / - ?? .- ,: He regretted to say that it was commonly reported that those ; parties were members ' of the Legislature ; and funibur ' a' were very preyalerit ' that' thorsums to wh ' ich'he had'di'aiyh the atteritiqn of the House' had been ' expended '; in what . was ' calfcd "' . facilitating . the passhjre of bills '" throiikh Parliiimenf 1 " or . in' other
words ; and in 'plain English , in ; bribingiriembersof tKat House , ' ( llear , " ; hear . ;) He couiC'hot bcltOVe that any member of that House had been guilty ; of conduct so diagraceful and ; dishondurabl 6 , ; b ' ufc , " as these r ' uihours ; we . re' prevalent , ' they . must' not be fassed ovbr ;' with ' otit some' motico' on ! . ' theirVpart . ' Hear ; hear . ) The members' of "that' jJTbuse . could > iotallo"iv thoso ' rtimburs '' togo . ; on circulating and poisoning , thepublic . ear , andthey ^ wbre bounu to iii- ' Mitute aninnuiry inspecting reports which ' JnjuriT ously affebtea not ; onl y the' character ; bf that ! House , which ought to be above all ' su spicibri ^( heaiyhear ^) —but the private honour and character ! of . every member belonging to' if ,. ( licari hear . ) . ' . Therefore Iie'thouglit they bright to" institute 1 a' rigid inquiry iritoWe circiimstances ' connected with this expendi-¦
tiirb ; '' ' ( Hear , "hear . ) "He pit . confident ! . that , onjiriquiry they would find little' or' no fo uhdatibn for these rumours ; . but jf , ^ . unfor . tunntel y , , the case sHbultTttirn out differentlj r , theySrbulil ' at least '' have the satisfaction of dotectiug the , guilty ' parties , and of holding th ' emup ' tp ! the " ^^ opprbbriumofall lionest ' nienv ' ( Hear , hear . ) ' ¦ lib now aslccdthelFu'st Lord of tho . ^ Treasury- '¦^ h 6 the'ir ' ; his '' a ' ti ^ ntipn ; had ' . : be . eh drawii' to the report which ; ' had . " been ¦ recently published by a ^ . ominiftey'a jlft & ' irite'il ' . to . 'iivciuvye . int-p the ihiiriagement of . thjB ' 'Kn ^ irs .. pf ; : th 6 "Eastern ^ 'CqHniies Kailway'Conipanyi'ins ' bfar as it ' affectbdth ' egeneral character ^ tjiatHouse ? - ¦¦ :: ; .. ^ , ' - " : ^ ; . ., ;; ., -LoM ^ V'RussELi'hgi ' eed ' with'the'honrm ^ the woritls fromVth ' p \ i bpbrl ; ' ortheEa ' stern ! Countle ; Banwiiy' ; Cbmriiittee . ' of ' ririvestiffation , " did !" tehd
to excite a suspicion' affbbtihg . . the ' , character' ^ ahd credit of the House . Fdr his part'hedid'iibt ' himself s . ive . the slightest -belief to the rum ' ours . ' to which the hon . member had alluded aa still more deeply . ' affect " ing that character ; but ' ho ' agrced with the ' hbn . member that itwovild iiot be-right to aliow'thb . se words put'forth-in the report of ' a committeVof men of known name and character to pass by ; without iriquiiy :: ( Hear , 'hear . )"; He -did nbt himself '' think that there would be any ^ advantage in "that . inquiry being " instituted by , a inembV ef the'Goyernriieht ; but , if suchshouldbe the wish ' of the'Hbuse , ; . he should notrefuse to ask ¦ some- member ' of the . government to undertake Vi . - •' . ' -His' opinion , ' howieyer , ; ffiis , ' that rather-tlian tli 6 'goverhraqht ,. the " hoh . member , having turned his attention to th o stiWectl
and the question being ohere ' speetihg the individual . characters of the members of that House , 'should bpnduct th&'inquiry , " assisted ; ras he . wouldbe by all the lending persons-on'both sides 6 'fthe Ilouse ' . ^ " ( Hear , hear . ) : Thevofbte ; ^ agreeing ^ vfith-thehon . - gentlcinsin as to : th _ e propriety of an inquiry , ^ he ' tfusted that ' the hon . ' gentlemanj-havirig ; considered ^ thb ;' siibjecti would take th ©! conducfcofthdihqiiiiy ; andhbt ; iet it rest till the wholb truth ' wrfs discovered ;!' , ( 0 heersi ); ¦ ; ] Vlr . VVAi ) piNaTON ; did not' , wish ' : ' tp ; offer a ; single . r ' emark ^ vith a ' view of pi'e ' ven ting " any : ^ inqujrTjwiiicli mjght bethought proper ; . but ; in /( ' i efoii' 6 nce . , . tp , tlie ' paragraph which'liiid Jbeeh" ^ fead ^ ' it , jyas , right . hq should' mfovm the ? | ibusl ( 'thai in what lie -stated : before the committee - he'l : ha d ~ iiot ajluded to . anv Tnftmbei' of thatllousV— ( h'bar ; hear)—and ihat ' ther . e : ¦
wasone member of that . cohiniittee who wa ^ also . 'n ' member ofifcommitteefor thepuiposepf bringing al ) outtlie () bjects for which'the ' siini irV . Mestion was expended ^" - ¦ Sih ' c 6 : this repbft \ ip ' peared-th <} directors ! had issued some , observations upon it / in ^ hlolvthbyi t 3 aid , ' - ' ! In reference - t 6 an experiyitui i o ' ofje 7 [( 5 O 0 ,. it ! was made to brin » about iriipbrtari ' t benefits'forthci conipany .-by assisting ; iri April , ' ' 1840 )' 'the ' Size-lane ' Committee , formed for tho ' purposiv ' of carryinn- out ' ¦^^^ ^ f a ^ amatipn w ^ ties , and 'London and York interests 7 ^ hicu . had been proposed . by , ^;; Hudspn ^ ' ^ bouhded ^ fiatisfabtidn' by * the' shareholders ' , ¦ ¦" and of that cojnmittee . Mrv W .,. Cash , was a , inember " ..- 'Had ' thoobiects ^ of ' the'fcomnii > if > ' p siifl ' p nhdAH : . ' -iTi nn'Ai ..
mous > JamouritXbf fexp > nattury % puW- ^ Sy 6 ; ' Veen saved . " ^^^^ -He' ' ( 'Mr ;' - Wadding ' tori ) begged "to " state , " as a ^^ gentloma'ri . -that ^ no" ^ member ' of that ' . ' Houseb ^ iiefitted / direotly or Mhdirectly ; to . the extent " of one shilling , in reference ^^ tpthat ^ eOS . ' vXHearjhear . He was clad ? 6 f the dppoftu'Hity of publicly ' coift'fa-• dictihgthe s ' tafi emerit ; and if ; while he ^ wasJpVesent it had been mentioned in thecpmrnit ' tee th it'tHeJinferene ' e ha'd beenldrawnithat i ' any * member ofthe Hotiseshadi r 6 ceiveAha :. 8 ingle" 8 hilling ; 'he Would have repelled it as a base calumny upon Parliament ( Cheers . ) } :. iU ' i-rrc r = b ?< : ' * o : jq ^ voy .- ^ j' -Mp . 'i'Chahtems ; was in the ^ andi / of ' ^ ho House - but ; perbaps jifc ; wmild ; he , mbre ';^ at ! iirfa < 5 t ' ory ' if aii taKe iL l
inquiry , were tp ' place . ( Loud ^^ crieBpf'll Hear healv'C ) ' :-Gatlieriitig J that to ' ; . be tKe Wene ^ aifeeling ^ - ( hear ) -r-hebegged togiye ; np % e '' that' ori ; Thurs ° day riext'ho would move fov ' a committee of inouiry ; ( Hbaryhear ;) •'¦^ ' ^¦ 'i ' ¦ - ¦ " ' j : [ - ; : )' ^ :: ^' ' f- : : !? AnLiAMEstm OXths Biti . - — : fJn the wder of the dayfor thVsecondmd ^ " . ; ' Sir RVlNojjijj' opppsBd' the billVwMch . tprofessing tp . alter the ; Parliamentary oaths ,- iWaB virtually ? ana p ; racticallY a } Jew ; bill , # ich-, hadtbeen ! rejecfed ) last session ibysthe / House of Lords ; ; itfmoreover altered the ^ enw al constitutional law . of btheland ; . whibit it deprived that House " of its exclusively Christian character . Taking this view of the measure , his arguments were , as Sir Robert admitted , substantially the same ;« he had urged against the bill of
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1847 VSh'd lib ; moyod the pbstppnernent ' of- ' .. tiie sCc ' ortd readingfor ' six months . ; . " ' . ; .. ' '' . ' - "' .- ! , ' .:., Thisamondment . was ' , seconded by , Major Ekk ! es-? O 5 D . '''" " " . ' ... ' . ' :. . ' ..,., ¦ .: .- ' . " . ' . :- - , ; Mi ' . F . Pb ' el , whose rising excited much ' interest , 'iiid , ' he wished to'be allowed' tp ' . state . 'the' reasons wliy lie voted in favour of .-ibill which , under cover of a gcncriil measure , would rcni p vp ; : . v . disqiinlificntribti froni pur Jewish fellow-sulyects . ' . ' . 'Sufficient , grounds must be laid for withholding , from theni any . privilege ¦ •• hich belonged of right ; to ! ; everyiiatural obrn subject of the ' realm . Almost : every office of trust and authority > v » s open , to , Jews , including the right of votini , at elections '; but there remained
this uisqiirtlificiitibn , that . although . ' constituents elected a Jow , and the returning . officer returned him , he could not take his , seat in that House . He ( Mr . ' Peel ) was unable on political grounds to un- ' derstitnd thoi reasons of his exclusion ; and Iic . trnced ; the history of the paths . of supreiriacyj " allegiance , and abjuration , ' the latter , alone cohtainiri ^ an obstacle to a . ; conscientious Jew . . The words , hb \ yever , were never . designed to exclude Jews ; their chief object , was to exclude ; one groat division ' of professing Christians ; it . was , therefore , by a fortiiitous ' consequence ' , that- this . oath ' operated a ' s a bar to Jew 3 , whpwcrc prepared to take the oath of abjuration if it bburid them . under a different . sanction . ' ! In no case was Christianity : essential to the
stringency ol an . oath ; the words , ; " on me true faith of [ a . Christian , "Avere ^ ^ purely ; ceremonial , ^ intvoducbd " 'in' ! order , to give , greater ; . solemnity to the pledge , ' without , entering into the nature of the oath . He . did not see 'how the exclusion' of a Jew could bejustiiied who was '; willing to "take the baths ; of Hilegiance alid supreiriacy , ' and even that of abjoriitibri , 'if ; he ' was allowed to take , it according to the form most binding Upon his own conscience . Itelig ious differences outjnt : npt to constitute the ground of civil disqualificatipns ; . tiiait principle of exclusion Had already ! been ! surrendered : niuTin giving his supporttbthis ' measurc ' . ho ' . was . guiilcd by tho conciliatory policy of recent times ,, vyhich was in har- mpny with the mild spirit of . C . hristianity , and
which recognised the principle that the ; privileges of thp ^ constitution were to , ; b ' e " . Oiijoyed without reference tp rejigious opinions . Mi \ . - Feel . then ' examined the : 6 . bjcctiQnsto the measure based oh the "rounds '" of ' expediency '' and '; 'its practical results ; Being unable tb see any' real objection to , thomea-. siiye , he followed the ( Jourse w / iich constitutional principles ,- tKe doetrinesi of Cliristiiihity , and the dictates Of public policy invited him" to take , "arid voted for the ' second "reading of this bill . Mr . Peel ' s maiden speech was listened ; to , by a very full house , with sin -attention' ! to ' which it . was entitled . ' . 'AlenglKened debate then followed ? in the course of which Mr . ! H . WaM-AMS , Mr . TnEUwsBr , Mi' . UonABTES , . the' Eiirl of " Arusdki . ; and Surrey , , Mr .
Sb ' rgea ' nt Talfourd , Mr . Faoan , Mrj . Milxes ; ' arid Lord J . . Russeia' addresse . d the Hbusein favour of the second reading , and Major Bkresford , Mr . Tu , RSKh ; Mr ; BfiRESFonp Hope , ! Mr / Newdepate ; Mr . 'Si'poNKR / Lord MahOiV , Marquis of ^ ran-btj Mr . Plumpire / Mr , BAskes , and " Mr . GbULnuRN supported the amendment * '; "' 1 " „¦ ¦ ' „''; > " la ' tlie ' courgo of Mi . Kewmoate ' s s ^ efech ' . in attempt , was made to count out the . ' Houso , butiit ^ a ' s' hot successful , " there being forty members present . '''! .. ; , ; ' , ; ' . ¦ . ' . - . "' 'V !" ; ' ; ' . ' ^¦¦""~ . .. ' . ,.... '!¦ : ¦" "' . Mr . Roebuck—wh o . had , " at the commencement ' . of the cyeninjf , taken tli ' o ' . oaths ' and his seat ' . for ;! Sheffiela—sivid , the' bill , Svliild professing to iidmib cveiy one ' was inconsistent ' with , itself ,,. ' but' that ' was ' . the natural consequence ' of the' violent opposition which
awaited every new attempt at legislation . ; As the case at pttisent stood , ' they attempted" to bind the JeW / riot . according to his-own - conscience , but according ' to a formula of their own . . lathe courts of law . they ! . bound him as , his own- conscience bound hinvbut in parliament , becauso they had an ulterior object , they effected by hyppcrisy " an ' . ' object which they had riot . tlie courage to avow . "Why should they exclude the ' Jew from ; parljamerili . ? " They ' ate \ vith him , " driink . with him , ¦ dealt with him ' , hnd ; to-inorrb \ v ,, " when the marr age' biUcame to be "' discussed , they / would most prbbably hear the hori .. baronet / the member for Oxford University , quote the Jew as a'lawgi vbr '; ' ( Cheer ' s . );' . He appealed- to , the coriimon s ' erise of fee House and'the country , arid asked them
what . there was in the manor men who ; believed in thb gi ^ eat decalogue which'should prevent his ; being a ! legislator ! . "r . he Jews had been called aliens ,, but they were no aliens—they were Englishmen professing the Jewish religion . , ; They- were honourable men : ; and - be . iiig but small . 'flies , they were caught intlie meshes from > ybicK the largo . "flies . escaped . ( Hear ) heAr . ) He could suppose a manwho had ^ no religion at all coming tp that'tabled and looking uppntheir whole parapherrialia' as a matter of iridifferencb , laying his hand upon the bopk ' as if it were ' so much waste paper ,. aii _ d'curling his lip' while he uttered tho words prescribed ; . ' " They could not catch such a man" although they caught the conscientious
Jew ., ' ( llear . j ; He ( Mr . Roebuok ) voted for this bill , not because it ' ebntaihed anbath , ; but because"it was a i-elaxat ibh ; ; ne consented to proceed step by step , because he > believed tliat ; that was , the mode ; most acceptable to ' the popple of . England ; ' They were willing , as experience taughfc'them , to proceed step by step , while ; if any one proposed a comprehensiv'e mbasureVtbnee , he was looked upon as a schemer bra' dreamer . ' Therefore he accepted the noble lord ' s course , which'he thought was a wise orio ; arid in the name of comirion' sense' he' asked tho Ilouse ' to consent to the passing of this bill . : ' After a few words in explanation from Mr . Goulb ' urs , the Housedivided ^ ' ' . ; - '"'"' ., - " '"'
"• ' - For the second reading . . ..... V .... i 278 ; , Ajrainst it .............................. 185—93 i - r The billwas ' then read a second time . ' ' ' A conversation followed on the business '' of the House . forlTiiesday , after 'which the ' question of the second residing of ' the Lunatic Asylum ( . Scotlfind ) Bill led to a division , Mr . ; F . Mackenzie moving the adjournment ' of"the . 'Hptise , which proposition Atas negatived by a . ' majority oi'io ^ the numbers 24 to 6 D ;' andthe bill was read asecond titrieV "' ¦ ' . ¦ . _ \ A dis . cussion on the question of the second reading of the Public IIealtli ( Scptlan'dj Bill ; led to a second division for / adjouramdii ' t , whibh was negatived by a majority of 44 , tte " lwmbcvsiQ to G 3 , \? hen ' -Mr '/ 'T ? .. MACKENzrE olijecting'tb , the principle of the billy ' 'bh the grouriil that'the ' arba'pf taxation' was nof ' sufficiently defined , the " se coiid' re ading '" . wa 3 postponed till . Tuesdayj ' and tho House ' adjourned , at one o clock . - ' ¦ . ' - ¦ . ' ¦ : '
-.. ; .-. :,. •; .... ^ TUESDAY ,, MiY , 8 . ; , ; - ""' ; . ' ' ; ; ! HQUSE , O ! EV . LOItpS . —The " excitement ' was . not so gr ' eai at tli ' o sitting , of the . ' House as on' the . previous ( lay , biit-soon after " . ' the . ' dinner - ' houry ladies in cpnsiderablp numbershegan to , grace ' the gallery by . ' their appearance , jniiny of whom rcinained until their ' lorusmps ' carmges were called . , ! Aoifiicoi- 'fuRAL DisiRESs .- ^ -Earli Grey" asked the Duke ' of Richmond to postpone his motion on agricultural distress , which stood for Friday , in consequence of the second reading of thei Ratcrin-Aid Bill being fixed for that day . ' . * ' .. V , ' < The ¦ Diikb ; of lticuwoND was anxious to bring the subject of agricultural distress forward as early hs possible , iii ' order to see ; if something cbiild not be
( lone to relieve , the great body of teimnt fawners ; Hundreds of the best agricultural labourers were thrown but of employttient , " and . more would folloNv . unless something , was ¦ at once , done , to , relieve the distrbss ' which prevailed in the agricultural districts-He Had ho objection to . postpone the subject until an early , day jnihe . nextweqk , but not for a longer period . ' . .,-- .. ' ¦'¦ . ¦ ¦¦ ¦ . ¦ ' . . ' . . " ' NAvidATibN LAws . ~ The ' Earl of Carlisle , in re" sumihg the ' deb ' ato :, expressed ! his regret at finding himself under thenecessi . fcy of . opposing , many longcherished feelings , ' andrurining countei- to . many deep and'serious prepossessibris which . 'had long prevailed iii tbeirlpi'dships ' -iHouse , ' , b ' ut . lio . should find some consolation , in the . cbnvictibh tliat the policy , , tp which n& could add but a feeble ' support , was likely !
to produce far more general good and promote a . movtf wide-spread interest : than existed , in any single class of Ihe . community ,, ' ., ho we . ver united' and however powerful . ' , .. ' Th ^ noble eavitheripvQceeded to reply to-theobscryafibn ' sjof . theEarrof i ElIehbprough . of the . preyious . evening , ' rind ; quoted'largely from , docutnentary evidence with tlie . yLow !; of ! showing ' tue ' Icpuntles ' s ways . iii' > vhich ; tfie navigation . laws pb" fitnicted ' and impededitiie pperatiqhs of British trade in ,, cyery ^ par i ; ,,, of ' , " the gipbe-yin ; fact , ; that . they seemed ^ tp be iin irigenibus ,-inventibn by . which every description , of gpoAs ^ ere jnade to pay douWo freight ^ nd"jtocngenderViIt fe ' eliny'aiid a ^ h ! tt \ pns ; . After referiiiiig to'the shipbuilding qiies-: tiori , Vand the operation of ; the ! bill with respect ; to the ; mavitime' navylas a source'from whence the
, , . effibiericy . pX' . tlie navy . must . he . derived ; : concluded TSy statingtliat ' ae had n 0 &ars on :. the . latter , head , . neitheivhad \ h ^ O ' n the contrary , ' lii his opinion the effect of / the measure would-be to . giye increased . employment to seameh ' and infuse , invigoration . into tho trade , manufactures , ' and ' commerce of , Great . Britain , Jby which * results ! th"e best ^^ guarantee "¦ would bp ., foundfpi ' Wpe ' rmahepce of thp national defences- ^ -defences wMchiiad'hitherto ' beensufficienttarjcnder'Englanci the ' mistress '' of "ihelieas , and , by r thou , blessing « f ' GpdVwouldlpng ! continue to maintain her , in that ? EarlNEisoN" riafemldt tP-tfic ppuiiona '/ pflliia " ill ' uitrious ancestor , ^^ i- \ referen ? e ' , to tho navigation laws , and whbse conduct , inmaintaining , them had subcourtmartial inthe
iectedhim te ' trial by - . .. TJJ esfc Indies , calling -upon-all'those who" had the interest of their'coiintry ! ati : heart -to opppsethe . ^^ meaa ' ure ; rather to'tr ' ust to the experience of the ; past ; 'th ' ah to'ivague-anticipatioris , " founded on ; impracticable and unsouttd theories ; -for ' the-prospects of ! the futurev :- ' --:- ' - « Hfc-.. 'ji ' . - -iV . ' --. .-. . L >; : \ -iv ,- .. v ^ i . ,-v - - jh -Earl 'Talbot , theBarl ojf Harbowby ; Earl lyAiDEouavb , and' the 'Marquia ! of'EoNnoKbERBt opposed the-hilli ^ 'I '' ; i iJv . i . ^ UiiUJ ^ fiU } : iuiii ! jn -j . f i .,-r . w ' - ¦> -LordvWnARNCtiFi'B- gave"it . 1 'modified support ' andit was also eupjiofted'hy Earl Brucb ; ' ~~ v . ¦ .- '! . The Marquis of Londondbrry , in the course Of his speech , made an onslaught on the foreign policy of Lord Palmerston , and was understood to express the op . uuo . u that it -ffaa the duty of eyerypeerof
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, parliainc 5 i « who'y . - ilHccltlie pfesen ' atioTi of tlic penes of Europe and of thcbncc ' pro 5 p > rb : W institutions ' -oJ ' ; he empire , to press for the removal of tlie Foreisjn , &ucretiiry from fe position he otciipied in her Majesty s . governmont , ' ¦ "" " ' ' : r - ¦' ¦ •¦ -: ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦>'• . ; Earl GiSEvSiiid , tlwfc great ha hia eoTsfiilehee atp . s in tho merits of the question liefbi-e the Houso it had been increased by the result of th& debate tho character of which , as conducted by iioblc ' lords bwposite , . ho described as iri-eleviiiit . ' - ' vagiie , andunsntisfa ' ctory . It there was one interest In ' t lie coMntrv more likely to derive ad vantage from tlie sueeess ' o ' f the present measure , it was , in : Ida onini 6 t » tho commercial ' . marine . They had , thcreloro , , ii-9 » "iiC to expect from the . noble . lords opposite that tuey would pbint out 'in' what respect the" fragments of the '' navigation laws which still survived had
protected British shipping from that competition which tlioy so much dreaded . The same arguments which had been relied on in'the present debate were relied upon in the time of Mr . Huskissori , and in the first yearlpf his entrance ' into Parliament he had heard tliem utterly deinplislicd by that distinguished statesman . ; The firitisli "; shipping was deeply interested in getting" rid ; of these capricious restrictions with tlic least possible'delay '; ' If the barbarous and disgraceful principles of monopoly on wliich the'navigation laws were founded were adopted by foreign nations to the' same extent as by themselves , the warohpusinn system would bo at an end , and tho numerous classes depcnilent thereon would be'iuvblvedinruin . He pointed out a number of facts to show' thnt the navigation lawa were the main
difficulty in the way of their mercantile ' marine in competing at present with the Americana .. The strong , part of the case , however , in favour of the pi'ts . ent moasunvwas tlie bearing of the existing restrictions upon the colonial inlerest . In illustrating this , the noble lord confined himself principally to C ( tnada , but ' made ; a' passing . allusion to Australia anil the . West Indie ' s . If the restrictions of the navigation laws were hot preserved for the ' purpose of raising - freights , what were they for ? 'He , ' contended thaircduced freights Avere a gain to the shipowner , jiist as ; reduced cost iri tlie production of . the articles sold by him' was a groat gain to the tvadcr . ^ 3 Ie' declared , with reference to Canada , that a return to protection was impracticable ; and he vras entitled to assume this , as the noble lord opposite and those who acted with him hnd never lifted a finger to obtain iti however much it might bedesircd by them . ' : His lordship concluded his reference to Canada by an expression of his strbhj and
decided opinion that the relaxation of the navigation laws on their behalf was a measure' dict . itedby policy and prudence , and that if the House refused to sanction tho bill before them , it would give . t stab ' . ' to the relations of this country , with its North American colonies which it would not soon recover from : The noble'lord then reviewed thc mariner in which the navigation laws hail been applied in America , from the time . of Cromwell downwards . 'He said " that 'for more than a century they "! liad ' remained practically a dead letter , and that in attempting to enforce them the separation of America had been the result : These things were written for bur Instruction , if we only took warning by ; it . ; If , unfortunately , . the result of the debate . was different from "' what ! he confidently anticipated , that would be a bold man in 'his opinion who , in the face of siicli a , result , had to encounter the dangers and difficulties by wbieK their colon } ,- !! government would then be surrounded . He asked their
lordships whether he was not justineu in stating , that the resistance to this measureorithe part of tlie potitionors was not meant as a first step ^ back ^ yal d in the commercial policy which their lordships adopted in 18 i 6 T ~ - ( Hear . ) It was riot intended to staria / hy itself- — -it was merely the first preliminary step ; in the attempt of what was called re-action . -, Indeed , at least two noble Mords opposite did not disguise th ' at ; siich was . their view of the subject , they did not hesitate to tell the House that they believed ' there was a great re-action in the country . ('' Hear , Hear , ' from a noble lord on the opposition benches . ) Yes , the noble carl avowed his belief that there . was nve-action inpublic opinion , ¦ and he called upon their lordships to throw out thb bill as a first step to the adoption of a policy in accordance with that
redaction . He ( Earl Grey ) asked their lorusnips to pause before they determined to give their sanction t 6 an attempt to establish that policy of re-abtipn . ( Hear , hear . ) Ho advised them to consider Well the effects which mig ht . result from that attempt . ' lie was not afraid they could succeed in reimposing the COM laws . He had not . the smallest , the' ' most distant , the faintest , . apprehension that they could succeed ¦ in it . That-which some hoblo lords mistook for tho apathy of public opinion , was not . apathy , j but a well-founded ' ¦ confidence -in tho niinda of the people of this country that a-step of that kind once taken could never be retraced . ( Cheers and 'counter cheers . ) The tide of human' improvement was steadily " , anil surely progrcssinir : arid wheri-an opinion which for '
centuries had been admitted by ' the soundest philosopher in the closet had at last , after a'Tcngthcried struggle , so far succeeded against pi-ejuilices , passions arid interest ? , as to become * embodied practically in the | -statute book , it was in vain to ' hopa that such a step could be retraced .: ( Hear ' hear . ) As well might noble lords suppose that because the tide ran " back under their wnlis ,. the Wiitcrof thafc great river would return to the source"from . -whtch . it had descended , as to siiniiosc' that public opinion would roll back upon this question ., ' The corn laws -were settled for ever . ( Cheers . ) - Hut , although perfectly . confident ; that this was the ease , he did not less apprehend very serious evils from the reopeningof thQ . quQStion . He asked thoii ' lordships to ; consider whether ' it was not full of danger to the
best interests of the country . again to raise tho agitation which they had ' witheased . upon this subject ? -Did their lordships reriiember tlie machinery of that agitation ? Ho begged to point ' , in the first ; place , to the effect of this course upon ' tlio'interosta of those whose benefit they professed to have at heart . ¦ Lookatits ' effect oil tlio interest of land . Did their lordships not foresee , that if they began an agitation-for the restoration'of protection — if they began ! ' to'inculeatoupon the mind 3 of the i ' avmevs t \ u \ t protection was-necessary for the successful prosecution of their business , —they were taking a course which must have the effect of depressing the value of landed property both as'to selling and letting ? ( Hear , hear . ) - . The agricultural interest was suffering from that at . this
moment . - ( Hear . ) There was nothing mthe present crisis to justify-the panic ' which had arisen . ' The average price of wheat Avas 46 s . ' 'The' average price under a system of protection had been 3 S « ; So that there was nothing in the fact of there boina : a low average of price for a time to justify the panic from , which the agriculturists were suffering ; ' "'¦( Hear . ) But would their lordships aggravate rthat panic ? did they think there was no danger in the present state of Europe iri again setting class against class ? Or again calling into activity all the machinery of the anti-corn law and pro-corn law league I — and in keeping up an agitation upon the exciting subject of the food of the people ? ( Hear . ) Were they so blind as not to -know that among tlie ostensible advocates for : a repeal of the corn laws , were too
many persons who were exceedingly sorry - at tho early- , success of that meitsure- ^ that- there were too many who wished' to ' maintnin the- " machinery .: of that- agitation for ' ulterior , ' and , as he ( Lord Grey ) believed , most-dangerous objects ? ' Were their lordships - going to play into the hands of those parties ; ' and enable them to set up again themachinery of-that-agitation for those most dangerous purposes to which lie . had adverted ? He trusted they were riot . Was there nbtanotiier danger ? Did--they not fear thnt if they' ^ ot iip-ttio cry . of - ' . ' protec . tibn !! ' iho- ' tenaritry ' might- turn round upon theni and say that it iras not protection , but something-else they wanted ; that they would no longer-trust to the gentry under whose guidance thov liad formerly acted , but that they would act for
themselves , set up a ; new- flag ,- and adopt a ' - ' -moro dangerous cry h Wore theirlordships . prepared to vun the risk of- inflaming the minds " of-the toitnritry with ¦> dangerous and exciting topics ? AWerethey prepared to expose . the ; best and most vitalinterests of the- country at "• this moment totho-inciilculablis hazard of a new agitation ? -,-IIe' trusted tlieywerb not .: / . ( Cheers . ) ' ' It was-true the noble 1 PM " opposite ( Lord Stanley ) told them the other night to look to none ^ bf-tho risksV to look to none of the dangers , but to consider only the measure before them , - and to throw it out'without'fear and without ' scruple . This was most characteristic advice . ( Ilearfh ' eair . ) Thenoblolord'wasundeed a daring pilot in extremity . " When' the waves ; ran-high ^ hesbiightthe storm ; " The noble lord might : seek the storm ; , but
he trusted . their : lordsains' were ^ notpYcpaYed to follow his / example . ( Cheers ;) He trusted tliey wouldi exercise then sober-judgment / arid would consider ; thebe ' aringof theiKdecisibri'that ^ nightnot onlyuponithe ! immediate laws ' underreView ; bu 6 upon tbe ' gerier ^ l interests of the country ' . --He was convinced that public i : all ' airs wereI ' not with ' their lordships ; 'merely / an ' exciting : -intellectvi ' al sprt of game , carried on in the- spirit of- ' a ' : horse r « ico fa pcizei fight' ; but that'their- lordships regjirded . thera rather -as" i imposing upon } - them- the highest and most 'splemni . responsibility ^'' ( Hejfri- heafl )"; -In this spirit i he < was confident r * thesy- ' ' vrould ' t ' akb into consideration all the circumstances to whibh he ; had adverted , ''and ip they did" so . ' -he' felt '
doubtwhatever as to-what would be " their docisioiii ( Iiovidcheers . ) 'S ^ - ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦•>' V \ -: y < - ' - > }' - •'• ^¦^ - ¦ -,- £ - ¦¦« : " ' Iiprd Staklw Ma ^ t ^^^ Vto ' addieas ^ B Houae # that late ho ' ur . ( a . ' fluarter p " ast oh 6 ' e ' cl 6 ck \ they 5 rSiwht rely upon it he ; would " nofgo / irabK ^ as . th ' o . " : noble marquis ( Lansdownej' Had- ' dbnV ' to tho days * of , 'RichardlI , V ; npr ; wQuld-he go ' ba ^ ,, a " 3 ; the noble ' eaH ( Grey ) Kad ' dOTe i itatK p ^^ and ' ¦ hi 3 -large 'famirjr : i : ( laughter ;) ''^ Thpse ' . 'ijreria days' they'yrere . not . l ^ ely ^' soe again , ^ - ? r"ien , iCtba lahguago u 3 ed bv'the ' Tioble -earl ; the ; cPlonie 3 ; # era "dan \ ndhly ricfe" ' - ' ( eHeeftv ) lJ'He' - '' w < i « ld ^ hofbo tempted to follow the noble earl into the digression , with which ho had conoludbd his apeech , arid on which be was not surprised to hew him enter , he » cause he waa aware it might bo atyMabk for tba
Untitled Article
" ' MOJfDilY . MAT ^ :: "HOUSE OP LORDS . —This being the night appointed : for Ihe introduction of the Navigation laws Bail ; an exciting debate , the result of which to the last hour was matter of senib doubti'drew a great nuinber of strangers to the House of-Lords . Though excluded from "the Commons , ladies ' are admitted to " the Upper House , and a ; large attendance at the bar and at the gallery proved that the privilege was . at' least appreciatGd . Tho members of the House of Commons , though there was an important debate . in their own . house , thronged the lobby , and at the foot of the throne a crowd * of sons of peers enjoyed the privilege accorded tb their
orderr In the body of the House therewas a large muster of peers on the opposition side ,-and sixteen or seventeen "bishops on the- spiritual bench ; 1 ' :-Thc appearance of several'very . unaccustomed faces on ' the ministerial side prbved'that the governmenthad made what is technically called'" a strong ' whip , " , and the woolsack and cross benches were thronged with p eers ' of that section , now tolerably strong'in . the Upper House ; : \ vhichholds the balance between the government and the . opposition .: \ , \ The business " commenced with the presentation of petitions , of whi 6 h' there were a great number ,-against an ' alteration of the Navigation Law . ^ Lord ; STAM . ET presented his petitions with unusual emphasisj and "laid ffreat stress on-the number of
signatures to each , —a point very little regarded by ; the Tories in debates on the Reform Act , ' the Corn Law Repeal ; and other subjects of popular interest . ; -About half-past five the clerk at the table haying readtheOTdei ofthoday / ~ ' ••• ¦ ¦ " : ' / ' ] - ' ¦ -The'Marquis of Lansdowne rose to movethe . second reading of the bill for amending the navigation laws . He commenced with an historical revie wMpf the question ) showirig that -at Jno period 1 of our history-had a navigation act answered the object for which it was iriterided . ' The ariiount and value" of English shipping had notIncreased underi a navigation - law . But it had-increased whenever therewas a system of free trade / as -was proved by the present statpof pur commerce ; with tnV' United States , with Hamburg ; - and -withrRussjai ' But the circumstances which gave us our p ' resentiQaritime . advantages atpresentwere by no means certain to ' continue ; : ! At this momentwe were ' carryirijr on ! a
iriost" successful * trade . under bui ^ trading -trbaties ; with other nations ; ! -But those treaties might be put ari end to . - It was riecesaary" tog ' uard' sigainst such a change .- - Ho came doyrn preparedtp proppse a-bold-mode of '; -anticipating- it .- -It " > inis a . mode which' -wisa ' dvocated ' . !!! - oiir -colonies aa' ^ an ' act of iiiatice and of tne' first necessity ! ' -In his conscience lib believed that acharige could'be madfe with ' ' perfeet safety tp our owh shipowncrsi . The ! greatest trading monopolist of tho !> wbrldi : 'Napoleon Bonaparte-had -failed ' . before the energies of ; British commerce . ' Heurgedtheiri'tff rely-forithe future on the energy which hdd securodthehi such s \ ipcess in times past , and he cbricluded by-saying that as the noble lord opposite had Stated thai he was ' p ' repared-for the eonsequences ' of'yictoryiVsohe ( Lord Lansdowne ) would say that on :: thafc side- 'pf- the ! Itpuse they were perfectly prepared 'for the consequcneeB of defeat ; '_ ¦ '• ' ' ¦'" - . ' - ' ^ : ; - ; u V ''! "' . "" : " :- ' .
: -When ' Lord LAffSDOWNE sat downj" Lord SrANxur or Lord - Colchester was expected to riso to propose the amendment ; But '¦ '/ ' ¦ ' ¦ > - ' ¦ '¦' : '' " ' "¦•' ¦¦ ' - ;¦ . ;; Lprd BnouoHAM , ' who had been previously'flitting about the House . in ari-evidentistate of arixietyi ' rpse very ¦ " quicklyV ' and- ' co ' mmencc ' d ' speaking . ' ' 'He"liad beeri-taunted ^ he said ) : in a ^ arter frorii which ; - abr customed as ' - 'he : vras ' .-to unexpected parliamentary evolutions , he owried'he ¦ was astonished ' at'hearing sarcasm ; he was taunted ' -that he was backward' in putting the c apital upon tlio column of' free ; trade , and thetaunt had come froni a ; quarter from which of all others he should leastof all have expected an httacki on the ground ' of inconsistency ; He- gloried in having been foremost in the cause of free trade ;
put he denied that this navigation question was a question of free trade at all ; " -The noble lbi-d elabbrated'thispoint / and made a-laboured attempt to prove his own consistency . He then , went into _ a serie 8 of amusing but rambling ' rcmarlis on statistieal returns , - which could be m . ide , he said , to show anything -by a little process ; called " cooking ' the accounts . " ( Laughter : ) " Parliamentary blue books and Board of Trade returns he called " cbokery books . " -- He gave great credit , ^ he said , to men who " drew on their fancy for th ' eii- facts , and'bhitHeir reeolleetionsfoi 1 their jokes ; " ' b ' uk' he'cbuld find no excuse for Mr . Porter , who had made these statistical returns' -about tradc ;~ nor ~ for "TVli " . Milner Gibson .. who . had set him on . -JSP , he " -repudiated
Board of Trade returns ; ho could -no . t . swallovr . them ; he had done with them . ( Cheers and laugh-, ter . ) -He then proceeded to consider the ' question , dwelling on its importance to the commerce of England ! - The policy of the navigation act was to enable a nation in anansular position ' to foster a mercantile navy , " without which'she " could " never ; have a-maritime-navy , = "Without both ; navies we could not presetve bur colonies ; aud he owned ho was not one of those free trade zealots ^ vho wished , tosee England separated from her colonies . ' It was notaisa ' matterot glory , but as-a matter also of pounds ,-shillings , and-: pence , thati . we- sliould ' preserye our colonies . They-were extensions of our , native land . England was limited in " extent" : '
limited in respect of variety ofproduction , and therefore--. it -waa that our 'ancestors had planted ; the British flag under other- suns and in other climates . Should they aba ! ndon that empire ? Did-the nation desire it ?¦ Let them look-at-the-petitions from Liverpool against this hill .- Liverpool was unanimous on the subject : nearly every-man of age in Liverpool had ¦ si gned . -Theso petitioners ^ know what the consequences of , the bill must be . '• They knew that ship building and shipping must suffer in alltheirbranches . ' Itwasagreat and ^ agnificent branchiof business with which-they thus ¦ were making free , and on whichho' warned them not' to lay a . rude hand . - The petitioners -knew ,--too , -that
it would seriously affect ; seamen's wages , ' and that under a system-of jfree -trade they ' -woiild' never-be able to preserve that- invaluable body of meni the Bvvtish sewTQen . ' -T ? oot xaiUions oitons of shipping , navigated by 230 , 000 men , was'then the stake with which they .-were playing ..- "Touching everything arid grasping nothing ,-if they went on-m- this' way ^ he warned them that ruhr would result . ' Heaven forbid . that : : hi 3 worst fears ^ should "be realised , ' -but , looking at tho state of'Europe , ( of-which he -took' a review , ) -there seemed to be a general feeling likely to' shake- existing institutions anil hurl-down--the thrones which remained . ' ^ 'Was this'the time ; then * he aslced ,. to make a sweeping and portentous-alteration in the system ;' -hy which our t navy was augmented ! and- maintained' ? " - 'AVas- this the time to
break . up an eternal and ; inexhaustible ^ nursery for our navy *? . ; : Was there . any bcca 3 ion- / f 6 r it ? - ; None , but the pressure from without on'a'ministry which was called- 'f-do-nothing "'by its ^ supportevs ; : But he-had no admiration for the boldness of a minister who ; placed riot : himselfj but his" countryi ' : in jeopardy . He had discharged- his duty iri '; -offering these-opinions . It had'been said ,-if this J b'll-was rejected , ; eei'tain eonseiiuenees would-result .- 'No appeal that could -possibly be made- to ' him- could have . so . much weight as-the possibility shadowed out in that suggestion . Had anything-less than the fate of our merchant service or ' ' our navy'been involved , to that ; suggestion he -would hnve bowed subserviently . ' Bui when those interests ' were in
the balance , arid with them the question of the slave trade , Whateveriarrangements might be interfered with , as an honest man , as- an Englishman , and' as a peer of parliament , he felt bound -to- oi > pose tKe bill ..-. ;[ The . speech was a ^ vevy * animated-one ' , and lasted-nearly three hours , inthocourse ofwbich W travelled over . almost ; every ^ possible ; siiliject ' ' of publio interest , many- of -wbichhad not the slightest connexion with : the / question • immediately under consideration , : and could onl y -have been dragged in-. " jneck and heels " by the eccentric ex-Chancellor , because such an opportunity- of delivering" himself of his-pent-up eloquence-might-npt sooii be afforded him again . He was loudly cheered by the' Prbtec ; tionists as he resumed his seat next to Lord Stanley . ontheiTory benches . ] . ; . >¦« \ ¦ ¦ ¦"' ' ¦ '¦ } '>*¦ ' ¦ . - . * -
• Earl Grasxhle next addressed the" House . ' - 'He ridiculed the fears of farmers ' and shipowners , who had got up a cry against this bill . He-doubted whether Farmers Knew much-upon tlus -subject ;' and astoother ' . ' apnrehensionist 8 , '' h . e remarkeii tliat the merchants of Liverpool -had been the , veiy parties- who'most- ' Tehemently ¦ Ppposed - this ' bill when Sir Robert Walpole'first proposed it ; He then gave several illustrations of' the ill-working of theiiavi--gatidn Laws ; extracted from the evidence in the re-Bortsof-. the committee . ;" -He asked ; whethev the Souse thought it becoming ¦ to heg | na hPstile war of-tariffs with : other-; countries ; -yet that-was our only alternativeif these ; navigation-laws ' were nbt repealed . He defended the-Board of ^ Triuie-on the subject of its returns ,- and ^ warmly eulogised 7 the abilities of Mr . . P 6 r ' ter . ; i : He ^ then quoted at much length Aom-those statistical documents , ir i ordertp nmcA thnt England didxjom ' pete at the-present time
-with ? ever y nation under the' sun / and that we-had nothmg to fear from , the repeal-of- ' the naiTigatipn iTfa ? If-ho ' could stretch bis imagination ¦ to suppose thatihe : effeci ; of this jaeaSure wouldb&tp ' put out'the £ re . in British steam-haits / to shut' up ; our ) uild n ? yards ,- ' and to starve the British . seamen , he should certainly oppose the buTlike the ' noble ord -jbutthat-it-would'haveatery-coritraiy effect w did npt entertain the slightest doubt , ^ u ¦ - i Lord BBptJOHAM , in explanatibn ' of his ' atfack p h Mr Porter , remarked : that he' was a ; public man , atfdhad given evidence before theepmmittee ' .:, V beSe iriattentiye ^^ d hewasl&earlydnau ^ h With ' re gard'to'Mr . Torter ' a vet ^ ns , , he ^ aidi they S ^ b ubt'fairiy enough ; drawn ; putfprthepurr Is 6 s fol ^^ Which they ., ifer . e intefed . butihe error ^ in iisingthem foVpurbosesfor wfiichihby were ISintS . The * o ble W concluded by moving that the > U be read a second tune that day six months . *
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 12, 1849, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1522/page/7/
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