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Rational Uanu tfompatty*
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TO THE WORKING CLASSES.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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— Mr-Fhiesbs , - - - " 1 - ~ - Tou must Dot expect a f erj- long letter from me thb week , 1 & . I am folly engaged in . pre ^ paring my Balanee _ i 3 heet-for the Conference ; and I think , althongh the honest Editor of the "Examiner ** -- would draw a feoinparisonbetweeD me and JKixg Hddsojj ,: that 5 [ shaU stand tefore that Conference , asJth £ Trustee : of the poor man ' s funds , in . sucli a position as no other trustee ever occupied and then I shall teach the Editor ^ of fhe "Examiner" a , lesson
that te toU not bo likdy to TOTgct , as lie may rest assured that le lias (^^ htf a Tartar . Sing ' sEnd—where the Opnferenceis to be held— -is -within a mile and ^ hatf of Lowbands , aud ¦ witoui , eight or -pMe ' infles of MatJioii , so that . ihe delegateZyn&ihavef an opportunity of seeing a hundred and thirty of the hovels I have built for myflup&B ; and two school-houses , and they can also form a just estimate of the land and situation of Mathon . Tour faithful Mend , : i ^ * FEAEGUS O'COSEOB ;
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HcDDEBSEiEia ) . —At a meeting of members , held on Monday last , at the Buxton-road Temperance House , it was resolved : — " That the delegate to the Conference from this district he instructed to ? supporfc lie -views of the Directors , if they propose to ¦ wind up the present Company , and to give the dissatisfied members the amouatof thei * Subscriptions hack , after deducting theirlshire of-the expenses , or to remodel the same Tinder the Friendly Society's Act" " That the levy forthe delegate ' s expenses be paid on Saturday next , the 11 th inst . " * - . Ashios-bxbee-Ltse . —At a numerously-attended meeting . 3 Ir . James Taylor was appointed delegate to the Conference , after -which a number of new members were enrolled in the Chartist Association .
It was resolved , —" That a meeting shall take g lace ereiy Sunday evening , at six o'clock ; " when it is hoped all good and true men will } oin our holy cause , and show . the world that they desire , and deserve to be free . : ^ , * - ; . ¦ WHrmsetos ssd Cat . —At ^ the . generalmeetmg of this branch , Mr . T . Darlison in the chair , the last proposition in the programme was discussed . It was then moved and seconded , —" That the Companvbenot woundup , and that Mr . O'Connor do remain on the Directory . " - The above was carried by a large majority . As to the means for paying off tiie dissatisfied , it was suggested and agreed to by several members , to place their scrip in the hands of Mr . O' Connor , and they call on others to do the
same . It would then become his own property , and lie could sell one of the estates to pay off the dissatisfied . It was then moved and seconded by Messrs . Pickersgffl and Stubbs , " That we have full confidence in Mr . O'Connor , and beg of him to ask the Conference to carry on the Company under the first rules , and then , if there is anything like a union of sentiment , we believe the Company will 5 ' 0 on under the principle of the ballot and re-seling . " The votes were tafcenforthe candidates and the meeting adjourned . Bahssixt . —At a general meeting of members , held at Mr . George Uttley ' s , on Monday night last , it was resolved , — " That we entered into the Land ftminanv on the faith we had in Mr . O'Connor , and
we still have confidence in him , and would now place the' Company ' s affairs in his own hands , to deal with them as he flunks proper for the space of three years { or the time may be decided on by the Conference ); and at the expiration of the time , to commence paying off by quarterly instalments any member or members desirous of leaving the land Company—the payments to be at the rate of 10 s . forafonr-acre , 7 s . " 6 d , fora three-acre , and 5 s . for a two-acre paid-up shareholder , and non-paid-up members to be paid 5 s . in the pound ; these sums to be paid Quarterly until they have received the-money paid in , with the exception of deducting their arrears of expenses : and further , that it is our opinion that all future allocation should be by ballot , " "That wegiveaTOte of thanks to Mr . O'Connor fnr bis uerseverinsr services in the land Company . "
Sheffield . —The adjourned meeting of the mem-Tjers this held on Monday evening last , in the Democratic Temperance Hotel , 33 , Queen-street . Mr . "William Holmes in the chair . After the reading of the propositions by the Chairman , it was agreed to pass over the first and- second propositions ; the third proposition being read , on the motion of Mr . Jaekson , seconded by Mr . Bagsha-y , the annexed resolution was agreed to : — " That the Company do not merge into the new one . " Carried . The fourth proposition was next diseussed ; when it was moved by Mr . Dale , seconded by Mr . John Rodgerst" That we agree to the proposition of our friends in "Wales , with this addition , that the payments be morecquaL" Carried The fifth proposijion was
dispensed with in the following manner : on the motion of Mr . "Wholly , seconded by Mr . Joseph Tavlor : — " That the Directory consist of three persons , including Mr . O'Connor , with power to add if necessary . " Carried . The sixth and last proposition was next considered . It -was moved by Mr . Joseph Faress , and seconded by Mr . George Spratnll : —" That the Company be not wound up . " Two amendments were moved : — "Thatit be wound up , " but could find no supporters . The original resolution , " Dot to wind up , " being carried by an nnmistakeablemajority : and the amendments only obtaining four supporters . Other resolutions of minor importance being agreed to , the meeting broke up with awarding a vote of thanks to the to the
Chairman . It was highly gratifying see untiring zeal with -n-hich the meeting manifested itself on behalf of the noble founder of the Land Plan , a goodlv number of them wishing that Mr . O ' Connor should have uncontrolled power in the management of the Company ' s affairs . INoBin Shields . —At a meeting of this branch it was agreed : — " That each member pay one penny per share per week , —paid-up members as well as those that are not paid-up . " "That the members of this branch are adverse to the Company being wound up , and that the dissatisfied members be got lid of by paying their money back by instalments . " ' That this ' branch espressos its unbounded confidence in Mr . O'Connor , and hopes that a few
ungrateful grumblers will not deter him from his glorious career for the political and social elevation of the people . " Salfobd . —At an adjourned meeting of this branch it was resolved : — " That the Company ' s afiairs be not wound up , and that unbounded confidence is placed in F . 0 ' Connor , Esq ., M . P ., for his valuable services towards the working classes . ' That Mr . P . B . Pollett be the delegate sent to represent the Salford district at the Conference . Covesikt . —An adjourned meeting of the members was held on Monday evening , at Pritchard ' s Temperance and Commercial Hotel , Bishop-street , Mr . D . llaincs in the chair ; when it was unanimously agreed : " That in order to create a floating capital in addition to mortgage and sale of the
estates , to re-produce the capital expended , that each member pay twopence per two-acre share , and fonrponce per four-acre share , till the whole of the members are located ; all monies above" the price of snares to go to the reduction of the rent when located ; each occupant to have a lease for ninetynine years in reversion , at a fair rent , according to the amount of capital to be reproduced ; and each allottee to have the first privilege of purchase or mortgage , before It is offered in the market ; every estate to be brought into tlie market as soon as possible after location , in order to purchase more
Land for other paid-up members . On examining the voting papers , Mr . Hosier was declared duly elected to the Conference . All members who have not paid the Conference levies are requested to do so immediately . Hull . —At a special general meeting of the members of this branch , Mr , Oliver was duly returned , as no branch in the district bad any one to offer , and Leeds not having hi any way noticed the order in the Star , nor yet our application to them . All those branches that have not yet forwarded their Conference levy , will oblige by attending to itforthwith . "
Haslet axd Sheltox . —At a meeting held on the 31 st ult ., 3 fr . Jeremiah Yates was duly elected delegate to die forthcoming Conference , and a vote of confidence to Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., and his codireetors ,-was passed ¦ onanimousljr . Gmbb asd Tbiekds . —At a general meeting held on Monday evening , July 30 th , it was resolved : — " Thatthis meeting is of opinion that the best means to carry out the objects of the Company would bej to fall back to the original rules of the Association . " " That it would be better to leave the dissatisfied members for the Conference to deal with . " A collection was made for Cuuay and Ms brother martvrs . when 3 s . 7 d . was collected . Pbtehbokotoh . —At a . general meeting ot ^ tuis branch the following resolution was adopted : — be arned in entire
" That the present company e on confidence in Mr ; O'Connor , without any legal protection whatever , and that all members remaining in tie Companypay atthe rate of 6 d . or more per weekuntileacfi one has paid for hisaUotmenVonehalf of the contributions to go to pay off the dissatisfied , the other half to carry on the operations of the Company ; priority of payment to those > first paid-up , and so on , until the whole of the dissatisfied are paid off , and thatpriority of location be one-hall b y bonus , the other T > y Dallot . . LouGHBOBOceH . —At a meeting of members it was resolved *— " That the Company be not * wound up . •« That it merge into the 3 few Company , to havethe US uo ^ 'mder the Building Society ' s y \ nt" . " That arrangements be made to pay the dissatisfied , by instalments , or otherwise . " " . That SaLt be resumed , but in districts , instead of a
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fES T' i T £ afc the Paid- * P raembewrn - ay the sum of not less than , threepence per . week / ihe un-paid-up ones not less than sixpence ; till paid 3 ? " " ^ mem ^ *<> ^ eligible for the baUotbut ^^ F ^ T ^ ^ 0 is clear ia Ms weeklyi ' pay ments . " » That if we cannot get legal pro ^ ctwlwe persevere , in mutual confidence . ' * -. " Tfiat ^ nS S ? £ ? l o ^^ " ^ t ^ -presezi * estafes held by the Company reproductive . " « That - a uuhSft ft ° ' ^ ^ ny *™ the first , b « puousaed , showing its position to all . " : - ¦ general one . " » That ' the paid-up memharrhyn ,
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NATIONAL . PHEEHOLEf BENEFIT BIJILI ) ING : sdciETYi ^ ( Enrolledpursuant to Act of Parliament , ) - SHABES / £ ig EACH . ' ^ Entrance . Fee , per Share , Osb Sumwa ! : Directors . '''" . '' Feargbs O'Coxsor , Esq ., M , 'P . » ' Mb . T , CtARK , Mb . C . Dotxb , Mr . W . Djxov ¦ . Mr . P . M'Grith . " ^' Treasurer . ' -i Feabobs O'CoirHOHi Esq ., M . P . : . . ' • - . » - Solicitor ; . ' - ¦ ¦'¦¦ ' Wnvtiiu Ebowiiso Roberts , Esq . - . . ' ji : . ¦¦'¦ ¦ > Trustees . TnoifASPfiiCE , J ! sq . WituAM'Gi 2 M . ET Esq ., k . • : •¦¦ ¦ i Bankers , '" - \ - ¦ - . The NAiioHii Land xso Labour Bank .
. ; ..- ' . : ¦ i . ; c " Office . - .: ¦ - ¦ :: : . ¦ - , ¦ - . : ; :- ; . Wi , Hioa HotiKJRJf , , LOSDOS . , 7 . Corresponding Surttary . ; > it Fikca ^^ 'Bieritary ' . : TfioMJs" ClabK ^*^ " " - " : ^^^ SvS ^ M'GbATH . . The Directors , in putting forward the above institution to the notice of the -working classes , wish to explain the manner' in which it is intended it shall be conducted , as well , ¦ also , as the mode of its operation , so that all who may become members of it shall nave a clear knowledge of the benefits to which , they will be entitled , and also the
obligations "which such membersnip will impose upon them . Nothing is more necessary than that the industrious classes , in the investment of their savings , should critically examine the stability of any institution in which they may be invited to deposit their means ; and , having satisfied themselves upon that head , the next matter for their scrutiny ought to be , the integrity of conduct , together with the intentions and objects , of the promoters and _ founders of such institution .
"With regard to the first of these points , namely , the stability of the Society , it does not admit of question , as the whole of the calculations upon which it is based , are simply a matter of arithmetic , upon the correctness of which all can satisfy themselves , and therefore , in that respect , the Society is out of the pale of controversy . The price of a share is 15 ? ., which sum , at the rate of sixpence per week , is realisable in eleven years and seven months ; so that without the aid of any society , a person putting aside that sum weekly for the period specified , Trould
accumulate the price of a share . The advantage of a large number of persons joining together in those weekly payment is , that through , such . co « operation they are enabled to reduce the time within which , by the payment of similar sums , they may each aggregate the price of a share . In order to make this dear , we will take one hundred persons , each holding two shares , and paying weekly the sum of one shilling . First , however , it is necessary to explain that , according io ihe rules of the Society , members may hold as many as thirty shares each , and that the sum of 11 . 10 s . must
be paid by each member , per share , as bonus , for the advantage of an early advancement of money shares . Such bonuses , together with the interest , at four per cent , upon the money advanced to those who first have shares assigned them , will be placed to the credit of those -who "will have shares assigned to them at a later period , and will , to the amount of such bonuses and interest , reduce the sums which , those who are last in having shares assigned them , would otherwise have to pay . The member , therefore , who is latest in having a share or shares assigned , Trill have the least amount to subscribe .
One hundred members , holding two shares each , and subscribing each Is . per week , will give as subscript ion : —First quarter of year , tiol . ; which sum will enable the Directors to assign four shares at 15 ? . each to two members , and leave a surplus of U ., which , with the sum of 61 . as bonus , at 11 . 10 s . per share , to be paid by the above two meinbers , will leave the sum of 11 ? . to be carried to the credit of the second quarter : — Second quarter ' s subscription .,, £ 65 Balance from first quarter £ 11
£ 76 Which sum will g ive four more shares to two additional members , leaving a surplus of 16 Z ; which sum , added to the bonus money of 61 ., -will leave 221 . to be carried to the credit of the third quarter : — Third quarter ' s subscription ... £ 65 Balance from , second quarter ... £ 22 £ 87 "Which sum will give four more shares , leaving a surplu 3 of 27 / ., which amount , added to the third payment of bonus— ' 6 ? . more , will , give a
surplus of 33 L , enabling the Directors in the third quarter to assign six shares , and satisfy the claims of three more members ; leaving at the same time a surplus of 31 . to be carried to the credit of the fourth quarter , when the subscrip tion surplus of the third quarter , and bonuses received , will provide for the claims of two more members , and leave a surplus of dl to be carried to the credit of the first quarter in the second year , together with the interest at four per cent , upon the money advanced on assigned shares . _ '
,,-Thus in the first year of the existence of the Society , supposing it to consist of only one hundred members , nine of them will be put into possession of their properties , and the tide deeds of which properties , in fee simple , will be handed to them at the termination of the society , or sooner , should the members holding them—by exceeding in then ? periodical payments the amount stipulated for in the rules of the Society—pay the price of their redemption . "With the aid of bonuses , interest upon money advanced , and subscriptions , the Society will terminate in ten years ; and supposing it to consist of 10 , 000 members , they will be put into possession of then : properties upon an average of 1 , 000 annually . The manner in which the shares -will be
assigned is BY ballot ; and all persons joining forthwith will be eligible for the . ballot on the payment of one year ' s subscri ption in advance , upon such shares as they may tMnkfittotake Thus a person taking two shares , and wishing to qualif y for the ballot , may do so upon the payment of these sums : —rules Gd . ; annual expenses , at Is . per share , 2 s . ; one year ' s subscription upon two shares , at sixpence per share , 21 . 12 s . Od . Total , 21 . 14 s . 6 d . For four shares , to qualify for the ballot , the payment-will be 5 L 4 s . 6 d . Six shares , 7 ? . 18 s . 6 d . Ei ght shares , 10 Z . 8 s . 6 d . ; and so on , in proportion to the number of shares
held . Those persons who shall be successful hi the ballot , will have the amount of their respective shares—less the bonus , which will be deducted made over to them , and when the money is vested in property such property tshall' be
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" ^ " ^^^^¦^¦¦^¦¦¦^¦^¦^ M ^ MWMM ^^ Mnaa ^ M a ^ H ^ M ^ mMMH mortgaged to the trustees for the money advanced by the Society ; and when redeemed by ; the . members , the title deeds will be pre-: sented to them by the Trustees , and their payments and other connexion with the Societ y will cease . : . : ,. ¦ » . „ .. * .. ¦ . ~ j x . Vi , .......... , . „
MATHOmESTATE . . " : ¦ - J - | " Persona ^ raxious to become possessed of part of-j'fhe Mftthon property ^ and not having the means of paying the whole of the money in one payment , may realise their wishes by immediatel y qualifying , for the Ballot for as many shares as they may require to take in the Society . According to the rules , those persons who shall be first successful . in the Ballot , if not wanting the : money advanced , may sell to any other person the right W such advance , ¦ .-...,..... : . .
With regard to the intentions of the Directors , in establishmg .. this Society , '' they will allow their past exertions in the cause of Labour to answer those who may deem it requisite to make any inquiries upon that subject ; and , in conclusion , they have only to felicitate the country that the 'Society is . duly enrolled according to the provisions of the 6 th and 7 th William IV ., cap . 32 ; and hence , all carping upon its legality is anticipated and provided against . = ¦ .- : £ - ; - ' . ^ . ' Thomas Clark ; . CorV ^ Sec ;^ August 2 nd , 1849 .
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INDEPENDENCE OF HUNGARY . GUEAT PUBLIC MEETING . . "¦ ¦¦ : On Monday evening last , a meeting of the inhabitants of thbborough of Marylebone . was hold in Capt . Hall's Riding School , Albany-street , Regent ' s-park , for the purpose of sympathising with the Hungarians in the struggle they are at present engsiged in , for the maintenance of their independence . Long before the hour of meeting , the doors were besieged by parties anxious to gain admission , and on the doors being opened , the building was speedily crowded to overflowing . The platform was tastefull y decorated with various emblems of Hungarian nationality . At the back of the chair was suspended the . Hungarian national flag , supported by the British colours , while over it was the Phoenix rising from'her ashes , representing Hungary rising to independence and glory . In front of the platform
was displayed the Hungarian national arms . These have the cross on the orb . slanting , and considerabl y bent , which 13 explained by the following historical fact . When Charles , who usurped the crown of Hungary , was being crowned , at the moment of putting it on it fell from his head to the ground . The assembled nobles , instead of assisting him to recover it , kicked it fromone to the other , and when at length it was taken up it was found to be much bruised , the cross and orb bent , and ! in remembrance of which it has been carefully preserved in that state . On cither side of the national arms there was inscribed " . Kossuth and Independence , " " Batbyany and Freedom , " " Dembinski and Victory , " " Bern the Invincible , " " Georgey the Brave , " " Pel'C 2 el and Glory , " while the two Austrian and Russian chiefs , Jellachich . and Paskcwich , had their names reversed and marked with ¦
crosses . : Amongst the gentlemen on the platform 1 , we observed tbe following-. —Lord Nugent , M . P ., Mr . Hume , M . P ., Sir De Lacy Evans , AJ . P ., John Abel Smith , Esq ., M . P ., Moncton Milnes , Esq ., M . P ., Colonel Thompson , M . P ., M . J . O'Oonnell , Esq ., M . P ., John Williams , Esq ., M . P ., W . Scholefield , Esq ., M . P ., J . Wyld , Esq ., M . P ., P . Mowatt , Esq ., M . P ., J . A . Nicholay , Esq ., John Robertson , Esq ., &c / &c . - , ' ; Lord Dudley Stuarfc entered the meeting at halfpast five o ' clock , and on tae motion of Mr . Kichoiay , was voted to the chair ,-amid enthusiastic cheering . On the cheering subsiding , The Noble Cuaibman- said he thanked them for the encouraging and nattering reception they had given him , anu he could assure the meeting that it afforded him much gratification to meet them on
that occasion .-HUhecrs . ) It was delightful to him tobD called on to preside over a meeting of the men of Marylebone —( cheers ) —assembled together to express their attachment to liberty , and theiv sym ? pathy wltli the oppressed —( hear , hear , )—with the oppressed who were nobly defending themselves against their oppressors . He had no doubt that the people of this great and enlightened country would speak out in this cause from one end of it to tlio other . ( Cheers . ) Last week : the city of London proclaimed its unanimous feeling in respect to the question , and immediately afterwards the people of this important borough had followed , and would not be outdone ; ( Cheers . ) And proud he was to see such an assembly , the account of which would
go forth all over Europe , and all over the world . ( Cheers . ) They were met to declare that they could not bear to see one nation interfering with the concerns of another nation : still less could they stand silently , and see a man with a . crown on his head pretending to decide what institutions a free people ought to live under , and what form of government they ought to adopt . They abjured all foreign interference , and they felt that men had a right to govern themselves , even should they choose a bad lorm of government . And , in that respect they felt sympathy with the Hungarians . But farther than that , the people of England felt sympathy -with the Hungarians , not only because they were fighting for independence , but because they were standing
up for their right to establish their own form of government . Because they were fighting for rights transmitted them from father to son during many centuries — for those natural rights which all men have , and which ia the case of the Hungarians were also legal rights . The constitution of Hungary was always a free constitution . ' It consisted of King , Peers —( hisses ) —and Commons , elected by the people , and it had been found , in times gone by , to work better than any other constitution in Europe ; and in times present the Hungarians , like themselves , had felt that reforms in that constitution were necessary , and they accordingly carried them out . ( Cheers . ) They had felt that the suffrage required extension ,
that personal rights ought to be increased . They had , therefore , passed those reforms , and under the guidance of the great and illustrious Kossuth—( loud cheers and waving of hats)—had _ established the freedom of the press , done away with all exclusive privileges , and brought on a more complete system of religious liberty than existed in any part of Europe . He thought , therefore , that the man who baa established such reforms as these deserved , and he had do doubt would ever receive , the sympathy of Englishmen , and that meeting had been called for the purpose of giving expression to that sympathy . He might state that he had that day received several letters from gentlemen who had been prevented from attending the present meeting ,
but who deeply sympathised in its objects . Ufie those letters was from his hon . colleague Sir Benjamin Hall —( cheers)—who was only prevented from being present by being , as he was sorry to say , stretched upon a bed of sickness , but who , in order to satisfy them of his sympathy in the cause they were met to advocate , had sent a donation of ten pounds —( loud cheers)—in aid of the fundnow being established to carry out Hungarian independence . ( Cheers . ) He had also a letter from two other gentlemen , enclosing £ . 0 each . Another from a lady , enclosing £ 5 , —( loud cheersj-ywho desired it should be inserted in the subscription list as" from an Englishwoman . " Another , from a gentleman who delighted in doing goodbut who blushed to have it
. , known , enclosing the magnificent donation ot ± . iuu ( Loud cheers . ) He had got another subscription from Jonas Murray of £ 10 ; and another li-om Francis Goldsmith " of £ 5 . ( Cheers . ) Was it not enough to make . their blood boil , that the perfidious Austrians should be allowed to send forth their infernal legions > to put down so noble a people . ( Cheers , and cries of " Yes , yes . " ) Let the meeting but consider the mode in which the war was carried on , and as instance of the spirit displayed by tne oppressors of the Hungarians , he would read an extract from an official bulletin of the Austrian beneralHaynau . which airoeared in the Times
newspaper— ( Groans and hisses)—of that morning . Addressing the inhabitants of the Hungarian town of Pesth . ' tliat General says , in his proc lamation to the people—" -Doomed to death are all who taKe part with the Hungarians , of whatever age or sex ^ —( Groans and hisses ^ and cries of " Down with tne tyrant . " ) The Austrian'tyrant did not stop there . He went on to say— " Doomed- to death are all , 01 whatever age or sexi who might circulate any false intelligence on behalf of the rebelsl" ( Loud expres-. sums . of disgust . ) . Now he did not think it was possible : to eonceive anything more base and brutal ¦ than the spirit borne in that proclamation ; but he was g lad to think that such thi-eatenings were likely
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to « aye but little effect , for the gallant Hungaiians had hitherto beaten this tyrant Haynau and all the ° ™ er Austrian generals that had as vet taken the field . ( Cheers . ) Even now that the Russians had beenvcaled in it had only been to be beaten . tCheers . ) The gallant Bem- ( loud and ' eontinued cheering)—from the firsfi dayrthat he met with the Russians ,: did ; not fail < to remember the 'mode in which ( 7 he W » . w ? nt . to . ; treat . them when he was f £ * i g / the liberties of Poland , and adopting that mode of treatment when he met the Russian hordes ^ . on the pains of Hungary ; ho had beaten and dispersed them . ( Cheers ;) - He had driven them S ™ £ ? w « yWai" ! i ? 6 re than once , and he had no doubt that Bern and Dembinski ., and nnn * nnrnnd .. .. . .. ... .
, ^ epther ^ HunMnan generals would sudceed i ' n the end in d 5 ivIngT > oth Russians and 'Austrians back in t Fl Js- I ?"" ' , ™ country . ( Loud = cheering . ) ^ ; ,. ^ aSS 1 S those ' gairant fellows . by causing ^^ ov e « mnt to ; recognise their indopendene > . , ( Cheers . ) Let thom ; stvongly appeal to the f I ^ ^ ^ ^ ' ^) Let them tell Lord Palmerston that he could . dd nothing more agreeable to the feelings and'thewisHesofthe people of this CO " ull th ! U 1 glvc ? fc'lei ^ all the vioi-al support which the governnieht could give to the peoplo of Hungary . ( Chaers . ) . The noble Lord cohcluded by strongly , impressing upon thameeting the propriety of keeping ordoi ' , and resumed his seat amid enthusastic cheers ., r . •„ . - ... ¦ ,:,..., . . ¦
-Mr- | : H « MB then . presentod himself to move the first resojution , arid . was received with much applause ;/ He said he Mdattondodnei-e ihat . day to expres | -hisJidmiratioii of the ffallant ' . cbnduct of the HunS ^ i ^ i « a | ia . lie ^ ras glad to see so numerous a ¦ mefting assembled'ih " tKeir behalf . ^( Cheers . ) On other-occasions , when nations broke asimdev the bonds that bowed them down , he had seen equally numerous assemblages in that parish to Congratulate them on the event . At the distance they were from Hungary they could do little more than express their sympathy for those Hungarians who were struggling for their rights , against such odds ; yet , from the accounts they received from day to day of
tne head tney were making against those odds , and when they were also told that almos t overy male in Hungary was inarms against the oppressors of that country , he thought there was ground for hope that Hungary would maintain her ground . Ho trusted that the people of this country would do their utmost to aid the Hungarians , and would conclude by moving , " That this meeting regard with sincere admiration , respect , and sympathy the noble determination of the Hungarian nation to maintain intact theirjust rights , and . the constitutional independence they have inherited from their fathers , against the tyrannical : encroachments of Austrian despotism . " ( Cheers . ) \
Mr . John Cassell seconded the resolution . He trusted that a war so unjust would call forth the unanimous expression of the people of England , and that , so far as their moral influence could go , they would exert it in favour of the Hungarians . Hapine , murder , fire , and slaughter characterised the onward march of the Russian and Austrian forces . But , thank God , it was not a victorious march , for the gallant Bern , Dembinski , and Georgey had given them a severe check . ( Cheers . ) It was impossible for those barbarians to put down the people of Hungary , ( Cheers . ) Hungary was fighting for its just rights , in regard to which Austria had no more right to interfere with her than had this country a right to interfere with the riffhts of the people of
Hanover . The whole quarrel had arisen from appointing Jellachich , who was a colonel in the Italian army , Ban of Croatia , which could not have been legally done without the consent of the Hungarian government , but which had been persisted in t » y the Austrian government , notwithstanding its illegality . Such was the state of things when Radetski was successful , and the Austrian court threw off the disguise . The Austrian troops united with the rebels , but Jellaehleh got a good dressing , and the Hungarians took ten thousand prisoners . So far as the question between Hungary and Austria was concerned , the matter was settled , but the Russians then stepped in , and the Hungarians declared fbiindependence . Was she not rieht in doin < r so . and
was it not their duty to assist her in her noble effort ? Mr . Cassell concluded by recommending the adoption of petitions in every district of the country , calling on the government to vecognisethe independence of Hungary . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Mosckion Milnes said what they wanted was the assurance of sympathy with the gallant cause , and the move they differed on other subjects the more valuable was their opinion in agreeing on this . ( Hear , hear . ) He certainly should not be present that evening if they had met to interfere in the internal affairs of any other state-of Europe . He believed that non-intervontion was the right English principle , and if that principle had been more rigidly adhered to it would have saved
themselves considerable difficulty and trouble . If the contest had remained between Hungary and Austria it would be a civil war , not unlike to civil wars which they had before witnessed ; end though no doubt their sympathy would be expressed on the side of constitutional freedom , yet they should not , in his humble judgment , be justified in a meeting of the kind they then held . All the misfortunes of the existing state of things had arisen from interference . France had [ interfered with Rome . ( Groans . ) Why had not the Romans been allowed to settle their own affairs . ( Hear , hear ) Let them suppose a civil wav between England and Ireland , and that the English government called on 200 , 000 troops to crush the Irish people , what weuld they think' of
such aproceedmg ? ( Avoice— "They did so before . " ) He . protested against the Russian invasion of Hungary . ; Ho had no objection to urge against the Russians , or any other state , so , long as . they remained at home , but when Austria brought to her aid 200 , 000 foreign troops , to put down freedom in Hungary , all the balance of power was destroyed , and the people of the western world , who asserted constitutional liberty , would not stand by in peace and see a great and gallant people destroyed by the mere brute force ofa foreign nation . ( Hear . ) , The resolution" was carried amid great applause . Sir Db Lacy Evans came forward to move the next resolution , but he was received with a perfect storm of hisses and groans , intermingled with partial applause , which lasted several minutes . In the midst of the tumult ho proceeded to state that ho would not detain the meeting more than a few
minutes . ( Hisses . ) The causo be had come to advocate was one to which he had already given his practical support . ( Hisses , cheers , and great interruption , ) . ¦ The noble Chairman entreated for Sir De Lacy Evans a patient and respectful hearing . The credit of the meeting was at stake , and he did tvust that they would not ; by their unwise and ungenerous conduct , leave it in the power of their enemies to state , that disunion and division had characterised their proceedings . ( Cheers . ) Sir Db Lacy Evans proceeded to observe , that nothing could bo further from his intention than to say anything which could in the slightest degree offend or cause annoyance . ( Hisses , and renewed uproar . ) , , , A Voice ;—You , are no friend to the people . * Another / Voice . —Why don't you befriend your own countrymen before you advocate the cause of others ?
Dr , Rogers rose to order , and endeavoured to address the meeting , but the tumult continuing , he was obliged to resume his seat , without conveying his sentiments to those whose irritation he sought to appease . The noble Chairman again interposed . " He called on tho meeting to support the chair . If they did not , there should be an end to the meeting , and the enemies of Hungary would have achieved , 1 triumph indeed . ( Hear , hear . ) Sir De Lacy Evans again camd forward , and was received-with hisses and partial applause . He was understood to . state that though his conduct might not have given that satisfaction he could have wished , yet the subject they had assembled to promote was one he had some claim to address them on , for it was a subject in which he had the honour of . shedding his blood . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Moral means were those they adopted now of
supporting tne cause of liberty abroad . By giving support to the foreign policy of Lord . Palmerston , they might contribute to the emancipation of other countries besides . that more immediately the object of their sympathy . As a proof of the good effects re-SUltingfrom British intervention inthe affairs of foreign countries , heAdverted to the Spanish cause , commenting on the freedom' of debate enjoyed in the Legislative Assembl y of Spainj drawing attention to the fact of the Cortes having just been prorogued ^ and to their last act previously to prorogation being one ; of a Free Trade character . They had a freer press in Madrid than in any other country . . He felt 5 proud that he had been in some degree instrumental in . bringing this happy state of things about , and the result ought to teach . them that they should not despair of rendering assistance to Other countries . Sir De Lacy Evans concluded by moving a resolution , to the . effect , that this meeting views with horror and detestation the war now raging -in Hungary , and the barbarous mode in which ; it wajj prosecuted by tho Austrian
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authorities and Generals , and that they considered their conduct to merit the indignant reprobation of all civilised nations . ' ( Cheers . ) Mr . Headum , , M . P .. for Newcastle-iipon-Tviie , seconded the resolution , and in doing so took occasion to remark that'the enthusiasm and excitement which he witnessed tliatevening with pleasure , were not confined within tho walls of the spacious building in which they had assembled , but . went forth from the centre-., of / the kingdpm ^ and / prevailed through the hearts , of the peppleiin the country generally . He hoped ' that before Jorig ^^ meetings of a character similar'foftlie present would be held in every district of Engjand , and he confessed he was not a little proud thairthe first meeting on the sub-| ect had taken placeih the town whicn lie had the honour to represent . ( Cheers . ;) - The resolution was gut arid ' earried amid considerable enthusiasm . / : ' : " ¦¦" . ' . ' " . ''; W . \ vr -. ;¦ " . !¦ . V
Colonel T 11 &MPS 6 N , M . P ., mored ^ he nex t resolution , lie spoke applaudingly of the gallant efforts made by the Hungarians to , resist the aggression of tyrants , and expressed his gratification at finding , these / exertions so deeply sympathised in by the people of Great Britain . It well became them to cheer on the gallant men of Hungary in their struggle for liberty . He knew there were some scandalous reports abroad as to the lukewiirmness of Englishmen in foreign politics . These reports might , to some extent , have been true of the old generation ; but who were old there were not stupid ( laughter)—and the young were more alive to these questions , ( Cheers . ) They wore all that night , young and . old , ; aware of the fact , that the interest of this great and free nation is . closely bound iip in the policy of aiding the extension of freedom * artu
constitutional institutions among all otlier nations . ( Applause . ) He did not propose that they should march into Russia as Napoleon did . If any ono proposed that , he should have a councili of war called to decide upon his sanity . ( A laugh . ) He neither advised sending an army to Russia , nor did he expect that the despot would come here . ( Laughter . ) If he did go he would speedily bo bundled back again . They had a government which was well disposed , though he admitted they were rather a slow train . ( A Voice , "Especially Lord J . Russell . '') What was required , was that they should be pushed on by the Marylebone engine ; and if that did not suffice , they must add all the other metropolitan engines or borough ' s . ( Cheers . ) One argument of great importance had been used in favour of
maintaining Austria as a great and powerful empire . It was , thatit might serve as a barrier against Russia . But now , when Russia was leagued with Austria , for the suppression of free institutions , and there was therefore no defence to be expected there , he would ask , would not Hungary do for a barrier as well ? ( Hear , hear . ) Ho thought they would be asking themselves whether the interests of England would not be better served by Hungary being the barrier than despotic Austria . ( Cheers . ) He considered that all the great considerations of justice , policy , and humanity , demanded an earnest an unmistakeable expression of sympathy for Hungary , and he trusted that in Marylebone , where the struggles for freedom had been so frequent , those before him , now and hereafter , would show the blood they boasted of really beat in their veins , ( Cheers . )
Mr . Hethekington seconded the resolution . Ho did so with great pleasure , because he belonged to a class distinct from the gentlemen who had previously addressed them , lie was one of the workies . ( Chcoi'S . ) It was tbeiv duty to aid with , their support every , people who were struggling for freedom He found a peculiar reason , however , for supporting the Hungarians , because the aristocracy of that countrj had shown a desire to lift up the working classes , and had thereby set an example to the iiristocracyof this and other countries . ( Hear , hear . ) They had not only given religious freedom , and almost a Charter suffrage , but had also given 500 , 000 peasants freedom , and from thirty to sixty acres each . ( Cheers . ) Why , it was no wonder they fought for an aristocracy which treated them in that way . ( Cheers . ) The gallant Colonel had said this was tbe freest country in the world ; he admitted that we could more freely express our opinions on any public Question , but what they complained of
was , that they could not support their opinions practically by being denied the powqr of voting . ( Greatapplausoand " question . " ) That was thequestion , for he would not support any contest , either in this or in any other country , the object of which was not to lift up the humbler classes , to give . them freedom , and to improve the condition of the whole people . Believing that was the case in Hungary , he was of opinion that the working classes in this country should support them . ( Cheers . ) The brave Kossuth had neither deluded the Hiuigarians with false hopes , nor concealed the magnitude of the danger and the evils they had to encounter , because he knew he did not speak , to cowards , and that tho greater the cause the more strenuous and determined would bo their exertions . In that spirit the brave Hungarians were now fighting their battles . They ought to support them to the utmost , and at the same time not forget to unite their own energies for the securing of greater freedom themselves . ( Cheers ;) : The resolution was carried amidst loud cheers .
Mr . J . Williams , M . P . then moved that the immediate recognition of the government tie facto of Hungary by this country , is no less demanded by considerations of justice and policy and the commercial interests of thctwb states , than with tho view of putting a stop to the effusion of human blood , and of terminating the fearful atrocities which mark the progress of the Russian army . Tho hon . gentleman briefly supported the resolution in a speech in which he reviewed the loading commercial and political aspects of the question . . Mr . J . Wym > , M . P ., seconded the resolution . The preceding speakers had talked much of intervention . What was meant by intervention . ? , It was all very well to use that word at public meetings as a sort ; of bugbear , but they would all recollect that the government had in times p : jst frequently intervcnecl in foreign affairs without in any way whatever asking for their opinion . ( Hear , hear . ) They had
interfered in Sicily and other places , why not hero ? ( Cheers . ) A few words were feeble against hordes of Cossacks an « l Muscovites , but a few ships of war , which ' we had to keep up doing nothing , if sent to the Baltic and to pay their respects to C ' ronstadt , would speedily cause the Russian Emperor to withdraw his troops from Hungary . ( Cheers . ) It must be recollected that Bussia mainly depended on us for supplies . The resolution referred to the commercial interests at stake in this contest . Ever since the Russians liad gained additional territory on the Black Sea , our commerce had been declining . Hungary in 1830 was willing to grant a free-trade treaty to us , but the policy of Austria and Russia had prevented her , though if tho independence of the country was gained , there were eminent statesmen in Hungary prepared to adopt a free-trade policy . - ( Cheers . ) If so , it would open up markets tor fifteen or sixteen millions of our manufactures
annually . We had , therefore , more than a mere political interest in this question . ( Cheers . ) It was said that our navy was sustained to protect and extend our commerce ; if so , let them blockade the Russian ports , enable Hungary to achieve its independence , when a trade equal to that we now had with the United States would be opened to us . He was happy to add that- England and the United States were countries in which generous and hearty sympathy with Hungary was expressed . In the towns of the States the same enthusiasm was exhibited as by that meeting . The hon . member'retired amid loud cheers , after cordially seconding the resolution , which was carried amidst prolonged applause .
Julian Harney , who had been repeatedly called for by the meeting , and who on coming forward was received with prolonged applause , _ moved the next resolution , to the effect that petitions founded on the preceding resolutions ; bo adopted and presented to Parliament . He said , most heartily lie ( thanked the hon . gentleman ( Mr . Wyld ) who had preceded him , for his admirable . speech , ( Cheers . ) Tho course he ( Mr . Harneyjhad pursued at the London Tavern , he would again pursue . He would not divide the meeting , or put himself in opposition to the committee by proposing any amendment , but he must urge upon the noble chairman , and the other parliamentary and influential friends of Hungary , to take a bolder course at future meetings . ( Applause . ) After the splendid demonstrations of
public feeding winch had been already exhibited in the metropolis , it must be evident that the British people desired that the independence of Hungary should be apcuredat any cost ; ( Prolonged applause . ) He therefore implored of the noble chairman and his friends to take more vigorous and determined steps in future . - ( Benewed cheering . ) Colonel Thompson , in : his generally ; excellent speech had observed , that any one who proposed to march into the . interior of Russia , should have his sanity inquired into by a council of war . " . Bow he ( Mr . Harney ) was not about to propose to the meeting to march British soldiers into the interior of Russia , but ho would remind them "that when the liberties of new-born Greece-were in jeopardy , ' England interfered in behalf of that country—not by sending an army Into the interior of Turkey , but by
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^ y . « - " * - m ~*~ rrs * i *\ sending ships of war into thjySJi'oeinii Softs —( loud cheers )—and ttabatUe of Rfvarino sealed the doom of ¦ Jurkish despotism .- ( Great cUeevmi ? . ) He > < therefore , ngrood with Mr . Wyld in saving " send ships of . « r ; to follow up ' words by deeds . " ( Imnionse ap l : > u 3 e . ) a . British fleet on tho wav to Trieste , iiii ^ ht strike a Wow -for another noble state-tUo Kopubhc , of Venice . - ( Renewed cheering . ) Byron . had said of $ iat glorious city :-- „ TT ~"' — T "Lost ! uuI w > n , . . 5 elI thirteen hundred : years of freedom done , tinks , like a sca-wced , into whence she rose . " But if she had been sunken b y perfidy arid tyranny - she had risen again , and for more' than eighteen months past had maintained her independence , in ¦ spite , of the armies and the fleets of Austria . ( Loud , cheers . ) It was disgraceful , to Britannia—who ¦
styled hevsolf sovereign of the seas , to have allowed her elder sister so long to bear the brunt of an unequal struggle . lie most unequivocally and heartily adopted ^ the principle so well laid down in Count Teleki ' s manifesto , that all nations wore interested in , and responsible for their mutual wellbeing . That was only anpther modo of puttingthe golden rule—' . ' To do unto others as we would wish to bo done : unto . " That rule held good for nations as well as individuals ^ . There . was . but one rule of right for men'in . the aggregate , as for men , in their individual capacity ; and , therefore , when they saw a nation assailed by robbera and murderers , as vfas ths case with Hungary , it was a 3 much a duty to go to the assistance of that " nation .
as it would be to fly to the assistance of a brother man or a sister woman assailed by robbers and murderers in private life . ( Cheers . ) He had heard a a great deal of praise lavished on Lord Palmerston , but ¦ he ( Mr llarney ) must say that neither the Spaniards ! the Portuguese , the Sardinians , the Sieiliaus , the Romans , nor any other people h ; u \ been any the better for lord Palmerston ' s friendship . ( Cheers . ) He would nppvove of Lovd P : xlniei-5 ton' 3 interference in the afiairs of Hungary only on tho ground ofa formal recognition of : that country ' s independence . ( Hear , hear . ) There was a rumour supplied from Paris that the French and English governments , seeing the Hungarians ' were likely to beat both Russians and Austrians , ' were about to
attempt to patefe up a compromise . But he said ' no compromise ! ( Great cheering . ) He said no alliance with France ! ( Cheers . ) He had always advocated the fraternity of-the French and English , people ,: but he protested against any connexion , for any purpose , with . the false ,, traitorous , blood-stained , government-of France .- ( Great cheering . ) The olobd of-Romc was upon the hand and thowow of that government , and when England drew the . sword againstrbbbers and murderers she must not t . ikd an assassin for her ally ! ( Immense applause . ) England was strong enough of herself to defy all the despotSi if she would but pursue the path of duty , England might now assume the proud position of the saviour of the nations ! ( Hear , hear . ) Let her advance for Hungary , and the Swedes , who liad not yet lost that native fire which inspired them when led by Charles the Twelfth , would march to recover Finland , and the gates of St . Petersbnrgh were not
far from the ancient Swodisii frontier . ( Loud cheers . ) Tho Turks would hasten to attack their ever encroaching enemy ; and the uncohqucrcd ; unconquerable Circassians would from their mountain fortresses thunder down upon their deadly and implacable foe . ( Gvcat cheering . ) Last , " not least , the Poles would rise again . Poland was not dead , not even sleeping ; her sons were in the ranks of the lluiigarian ' army , and the fame of tbe Polish generals resounded through the world . ( Renewed , cheering . ) He hoped that when the Russians were driven Sack again over tho Carpathians that Bern , and Dembinski would follow them to Cracow , and to Warsaw , and there re-establish tho nationality of Poland—not the Poland of . 1 privileged cksa , but Poland of the Poles—the Poland of equal rights and equal laws . ( Great cheering . ) Mr . Harney then said : — " I will tost you as to the policy I have recommended . All you who demand op inn
goverk-MEST OF THIS COUNTRY TO OO TO WAR WITH AUSTRIA AND Russia in defence of the ixdependenck op II iw-OARY , nOLD UP TOUR HANDS . " To this appeal THE MEETING RESPONDED WITH ALMOST FRANTIC ENTHUSIASM . A FOREST OF HANDS WAS UPRAISED , ACCOMPANIED BY THE MOST TREMENDOUS OHEERIKG AKI > WAYIN'G OF HATS , When silence was at length restored the speaker called on those of a contrary opinion to give expression to such ; but not one hand was lifted ! Mr . Harney then said : — " I am satisfied . IIUIUUH FOR HuXOAltY ! " ( Enthusiastic and prolonged applause ) . Mr . Heal seconded the resolution . Tho Tlungarinns were contending for nothing- "but lvliilt they were entitled to . _ It was not until the latu Emperor of Austria had violated his pledge , that tho
Hungarians took up arms , and the Emperor of Austria might with as muchjusticc send his armies to attack tho peoplo of this country as ho did io attack the peoplo Of Hungary . But it was said there was a number of foreigners in tkc Hungarian ranks—that there was a number of Poles , and therefore to aid . tho Hungarians was a dangerous experiment . 13 ufc tlic cause of Hungary vm rtuj cau&ft of P \>\ Mui , fey it was because the Emperor of Russia had been allowed for a time to tyrannise over the Poles , that he thought he was at liberty to contend against every country whore the Poles found a borne . Restore to the Poles their just rights , and then no country ia the world would bo troubled with them . Hut the
cause of Hungary was not only the cause of Poland it was the cause of every civilised nation on tho face of tho earth . ( Cheers . ) The true policy of this country was , that wherever they saw a nation struggling for freedom , that nation was their friend ; . 'ind whofevoi' they saw a nation oppressed , that oppressor was tho enemy of this country . He thereforis concluded by praying for tho SUCCC 33 of the Hungarians , and destruction of their oppressors . ( Cheers . ) The resolution was then put from the chair , and unanimously agreed to .
Mr . Nicholav next proposed that an address be . presented to the Hungarian nation , expressive of their admiration of their gallant conduct in assorting their rights , and their sanguine hope of their ultimate success . ( Loud cheers . ) He w : ts sure tho noble lord in the chair would feel proud in presenting such address to the two Hungarian nobles afc [ ji'osent in this country , as representing : tins people , of Hungary , and he had much pleasure Tu moving it . . ? tlr . iiouiKSON seconded the motion . Ho had been , reading three Russian documents , which few gentlemen could hare an opportunity of perusing , and they fully explained the reason why Russia * had allied with Austria against Hungary . Tho Czar Peter , it seemed , had left a will addressed to all his
successors , in which he declared the Russian peoplo were fore-ordained by Heaven for the conquest of Europe . ( Hear , and " Oh , oh . " ) It was . 111 historical fact . Another document , « vliic ( i was also an histovieal fact , embodied the view of pelicy adopted by the Russian Emperor , and had fallen into the hands of Count Zeleki . In the year 1818 the idea of the Czar Peter wa 9 the idea of the Czar Nicholas . Ifc was in furtherance of that idea he had issued his " memorable proclamation before entering into theiv country , lie nppcnlcd to the God of Jiattles , and declared that Russia would fulfil her mission . The Czar of Russia commenced with Hungary . IIg would not have done so if he had not succeeded ia i ) laein " his creature in the Presidency of the French ,
Republic . ( Hear , hear . ) Did tiny gentleman denythat the policy of the French government , since the accession to power of Louis . Napoleon , had been a . Cossack policy ? Let them look to Rome . A Republican General was seen there , taking up the sceptre of the Pope from a pool of Republican blood ; and offering it to the acceptance 01 his Holiness . There couiil bo no doubt whatever that Hungary now stood in tlio breach for us . It was tlieir own hearths , tlieir rights , and their liberties , rights nearest and dearest , holiest and brightest , that they were defending that night in the name of Hungary . ( Great cheering . ) Tho resolution was then put and carried . Mr . Hoggins then moved a vote of thanks to tho liberal press for their exertions in this cause , and
their noble advocacy of Hungarian . independence . Tn the course of tho speech by which this resolution was supported , Mr . Hoggins expressed : i wish thafe the Foreign Enlistment Act did not exist , in order that he might have taken up a drum and beaten up for recruits for Hungary ; Mr . Waddt ( of the Middle Temple ) seconded the resolution , which was unanimously adopted ; us v ? aa a vote of thanks tothcnoblo chairman amidst continued plaudits , which was appropriately acknowledged by his lordship , and the immense assembly then broke - up , the meeting having lasted nearl y five hours . The interest of the proceedings continued unabated to the close ; and when we reached tho street we found nearly as large an assembly out of doors , unable to gain admittance , aa were within tho spacious building .
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Sympathy on behalf of the Hungarians is rapidly extending , or rather showing itself , throughout the country . A public , meeting , on the plan of the London meetings , was held last -week at Birmingham . At Manchester an influential requisition to tbe Mayor to call a town's meeting has been got up anil signed . At Leicester , Leeds , lluddersfield , and other important towns , meetings are to beor have been held this week . At Edinbm * gh preparations are being made with the same object ; and a subscription has been commenced on behalf of the Hungarian refugees at Folkestone , .,. . .
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City of London Election . —On Friday the Lord Mayor , Sir James Duke , was elected without oppo ^ sitiqn to represent the City in parliament . Tha proc-ccdinsjs commenced at twelve and terminated shortly before oue o ' clock . ¦ ' pEATKorara / QoDSOJC , M . P . ~ Richard Godson ; Esq ., JI . P . for Kidderminster , died on Wednesday at his residence , Springfield Hallj Lancaster . We understand the hon , ¦ member ' s complaint was * disease ot the heart ,- : ¦ •;• k-
Rational Uanu Tfompatty*
Rational Uanu tfompatty *
To The Working Classes.
TO THE WORKING CLASSES .
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J / J ^^ jT . ^_ * _ . — .. ' x mj 9 : * AJJJAfmWAT , teA ; BES' JOURNaH ^ : " ¦
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 4, 1849, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1533/page/1/
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