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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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FRANCE . MOCK TRUL OF THE PROSCRIBED REPUBLICANS . HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE OF VERSAILLES . ( Coniinuaiion of the sitting o ! 16 th October . ) . M . Tidal , eaitor of the'Travil Affranchi , ' who formed part of the Committee if the Press , in reply ts questions from the President , be said that that committee was not at first regularly constituted . Its objsct was to act ou the people , and present emuiet and assemblages . There existed also a sort of ] ary of honour charged to remove difficulties of interest and amour propre , which might arise between the journalists . At a later period an electoral eoraraittee was formed , which sent communications to the journals forming part of the
committee . His journal did not receive any cammunications , because it was not a daily one . Ai . de Girardin energeticall y opposed any manifestation , saying , besides , that there was no feeling of insurrection among the people . He proposed a protestation for the journals , which , in his opinion , would he an kdicaiion to the government that it should return into that path of legality which it ought never to have quitted . He ( the witness ) did not remember that any proposition was made fer an appeal to the people , except that one individual mentioned tnat the 5 th legion had proposed to invite the National Guards to assemble to make a pacific manifestation . Some one also spoke of an inttntion expressed by some representatives to retire into the 5 th . 6 th ; and 7 th arrondissements .
Andr ? , one of the prisoners , said that the real authors of the manifestation of the 13 th June were the National Guards of the 5 th arrondisseraent . Their resolution had been announced in the journals before the Mountain had brought its accusation agains-. the ministers , and before the majority had rejected the interpellations of Ledra Rollin . All that the Committee of the Friends of the Constitution did at that time was to address the National -Asstmbb jprayiagthat the Executive government might return into a constitutional path . The Prccureur-General We have nothing to contradict in the statement of the prisoner Andre , tr it was precisely for having been one of ( he orgahsers of the manifestation by the oih legion that Me prisoner Schmitz was accused , as well as aillard , who had just surrenderee ! himself .
Andre said that the Committee of twenty-five knew nothing of the manifestation prepared by the 5 th legion , and he was convinced that Maillard was also a stranger to it . He regarded , he said , the manifestation as dangerous , although he believed it to bs legal and constitution . He was averse to bringing the people into the streets , and he had expressed : bat opinion to one of the 5 th legion , and recommended hun to countermand the manifestation through the journals . Faya said that he was represented as one of the most active members of the Committee of the Press , but tne accusation could not be proved .. He asked the witness Tidal , if he had ever seen him at the meetings of the press ?
"Vidal answered in the negative , and added that he believed the accused never attended the meetings . The Procureur-General said be would prove that Paya had acted as the intermediary between the Parisian and departmental press . Paya affirmed the contrary . Maillard said that he had * taken the riding-school of Peltier n < st to organise a demonstration , but for a meeting relative to the election of a colonel of the 5 th legion . M . Toussenel , aged forty-six , a literary man , was the next witness . He said he knew several of the accused . He protested against the quality of witness being ascribfd to him , as it made him appear the accuser of his friends .
The president told him that he was required to state what he knew . The witness then protested against assertions in the indictment , that he had signalised the accused Morel and Servient as having been present at meetings which preceded the demonstration , that he ( witness ) was at the Conservatoire , &c . The Procnrenr-General explained that the errors spoken ofbv witness had been made in the
newspaper , and were net in the indictment . The witness then proceeded to state that he had belonged to the Committee of the Democratic and Socialist Press . It was however , not strictly a committee , but a meeting of journalists . It had been formed in the month of April , and the object of it then was to draw up an electoral manifesto and programme , and as it was necessary to be able to have an understanding of the party in important matters , the committee was maintained .
M . Bareste , editor of the 'Rebnblique / was next examined . Before commercing his depositions he complained of the treatment to which he had been subjected , by having been arrested without any sufficient grounds . In reply to questions from the President , he said that he was a member of the Committee of the press but that he had not attended at the two or three last sittings . He had not attended at the meeting which was held at the office of the 'Peujile' on the 11 tb . He had received an account Of what took place there , but too late for insertion ia the journal of the following day , hut it had appeared on the 13 th . He declaredlhat the object of
the meeting of the journalists was frequently to further the cause of order . The journals had frequently recommended the people to be calm . The witness then described at some length the visit paid to the offices of his journal on the 13 th of June by a body of National Guards , after tha demonstration bad been dispersed . He detailed the damage done by the breaking open of his desks , and stated that he intended to brirg an action against the devastators for 60 , 000 f .. the amount at which he estimated the injury he had sustained . In answer to questions from the accused , the witness said he had never seen Andre , Paya , or Baune , at the meetings of the
press . M . Chatard . one of the editors of the < Repnblique , ' deposed that he was at the meeting of the 11 th at the offices of the 'Democratic Pacifique , ' and that M . Considerant first presided over it , afterwards M . de Girardin . Ho formal resolution wa 3 Come to , but it was decided to call the government to a sense of its duty , as they all thought that the constitution had been violated . M . de Girardin recommended resistance , but desired it to be parliamentary . The meeting of the 12 ih was only attended by seven or eight persons . Witness had not seen Baune , Andre , or Paya at any of the meetings of the press .
M . Brunier , an editor of the 'Democratic Pacifique , ' said he had issued the summonses for the meetings at the offices of that journal . The object for which the committee of the press was instituted was to prevent demonstrations calculated to disturb order . M . Emile de Girardin , editor of the' Press , ' Rue de Cbaillot , 104 , was then examined . Having been asked his age , he said that to the best of his belief it was from forty-three to forty-six years . The President : Are you the relative of any of the accused ! M . de Girardin : I think not . Do you Know them ? Yes , but not particularly . The President : On the 11 th of June you were convoked as a member of the Committee of the Press ?
M , de Girardin : Monsieur le President , before answering I must make known to the court , the jary , and the defence a fact which is in contradiction with the very noble words which you , M . le President , pronounced at the commencement of this trial , when you said that the ' authority of justice was not measured onl y by the degree of energy which it displayed in its actions , but further and especially by the uprightness of its means to assure the triumph of truth ! ' When I was called into the cabinet of the examining magistrate . I found a member of the Parquet . wEo appeared to direct the investigation , and who put questions with a degree of cleverness , not , I must confess , in relation to the
uprightness of the means of which you have spoken . This fact has appeared to me grave—so grave that I cannot remain silent . I am not very familiar with the usages of criminal justice , but I have ascertained who was the person who assisted the examining magistrate with so much zeal . I learned that he is a member of the Parquet . As I am very shortsighted . I cannot see whether ha be now present , but I can name him—his name is II . d'Vallce . Tbe per tinacity with which he put questions to me made me profoundl y indignant . I have given sufficient guarantees to order not to be treated as a suspect and , if resistance be wrong when it goes to the length of insurrection , justice is not less wrong when it goe 3 to the length of inquisition .
The Procureur General : AYe do not understand tie incident raised by M . Emile de € irardin . We think that hU reproach is totall y unfoundsd . M . de Girardin : It is not a reproach , but a very energetic protest . The substitute in question , djd
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not confine himself to assisting the examining magistrate ; the latter seemed under his surveillance . If I did not before protest against this , it was because I did not know that it was contrary to usage for a member of the Parquet to be present at an examination . I renew my protest . The Procureur-General : It was not contrary to usage , and was quite regular . M . Emile de Girardin : I demand to ask , if it be in conformity with the usage in criminal cases , to say before a witnes 3 , '"What , you want to have serious men , and you call among you such a man as Gnardin V The Procureur-General : That was not said .
M . de Girardin : I can bring forward the witness who heard it . I protest , with all the force of my indignation , against such a scandal . The Procureur-General : I cannot allow such language to be held . The President : The witness shall be called . What was the object of the Committee of the Press ? M . de Girardin : On the lOih of June I received a convocation . The situation was grave . I have read history , ani remembered that on the 2 / th of July , 1830 , M . Thisrs and M . Chamholle took the initiative . I read their appeal to resistance , and I asked myself , if , because I had bravely and frankly co-operated in the election of the 10 th of December . 1 was to refrain from protesting ? In my-opinion it was evident that the constitution had been violated .
I thought it right to go to the meeting . A confused debate took place , and I spoke . I insisted on the necessity of first employing the constitutional means we had at our disposal—the press and universal suffrage . I recommended that such precious arms should not be compromised ; that if the meeting would not wait for 1852 , the opposition should declare itself en permanence , and that it should consider itself as the otil y true expression of the national represeatation . My opinion was unanimously adopted . I went to the meeting of the Hue Coq-Heron , but late , and did not remain long . I there saw M . Bareste , M . Caylus , and M . Langlois . I do not know M . Yauthier . Nothing was said about coming to an understanding with the Montagne , but with the opposition .
M . Dain , advocate of one of the prisoners , asked M . de Girardin , if he was not canvinced that the plan he had proposed was strictly constitutional ? The Procureur-General : I will not allow any such questions to be put . The witness is not here to give bis opinion on constitutional law . The prisoners and their advocates loudly protested against this ; all rose in great agitation , and iusisted that M . de Girardin should speak . Girardin himself was greatly agitated , and made more than one attempt to speak , but his voice was drowned iu the tumult . At length be exclaimed , ' What ! am I lo be interdicted from replying to a question of the defence ? Why , the right of the witness is a 3 clear as that of the defence . '
The Procureur-General : You may give evidence on facts , but sot on opinions ; and , if you continue , I shall be obliged to take measures against jou ! M . de Girardia : If I were a timid person , I should be intimidated , but 1 am not . Here renewed tumult arose among the prisoner and their advocates , and when it had partially subsided , M . de Girardin insisted that he bad a right to speak , in order'to prove to the jury that the plot of which the prisoners were accused was a pure in . vention . The Procureur-General , however , again refused to allow him to spe&V .
The accused and their advocates rose in great agitation , and loudly protested . The tumult at length attained such a hei ght , that the President put on his cap , to indicate that the sitting was suspended . After awhile , silence was partially restored , and M . de Girardin , after again insisting that he ought to be allowed to explain himself , for the sake of the accused , cried , « If I am prevented , it will be a disgrace to the Hi gh Court and to the Majesty of justice !' M . Dain asked M . de Girardin if he considered the plan recommended by him legal and constitutional ?
M . de Girardin ( with great excitement )— ' I am sure of it ! It is my confident belief ! ' ( Renewed agitation . ) He then went to explain that bis idea at the meeting was to prevent an insurrection ; and he insisted on the fact of his having been present at the meeting as a proof that t ' aere could have been no plot . If there had , he would not have been invited . The Procureur-Gsneral : The matter is now at an ° n ( L
Tue Accused : No ! no ! ( Agitation . ) M . de Girardin then said that he persisted in stating that M . de Vallee , of the Parquet , had questioned bim with perfidiousness . The Procureur . General said , he would not tolerate such language . It was grossly improper . ( Murmurs . ) M . de Girardin : You want to make rae an accused instead of a witness ! I never signed , as you have , impeachments of ministers and appeals to the people . ( Agitation . ) You have threatened to prosecute me—do it ! ( Long and violent agitation . )
The accused Paya said that when he also was under examination , M . de Vallee was present , and whispered in the ear of the examining magistrate . Other accused cried— The same thing occurred to me ! t . i me also !' The officers of the court loudly demanded silence . This cansed new agitation , in the midst of which M . de Girardin withdrew . Some little time , however , elapsed before the commotion subsided . The next witness was M . Versigny , representative of the people . He stated that he had been present at a meeting at the 'Democratic Pacifique ' on the 12 th ; that L ? uru-Rollin , Felix Pyat , and Considerant had drawn up a proclamation of which he had approved , as it was of a pacific character .
Sitting of October , 17 . —The court reassembled at half-pa 3 t ten o ' clock . The president announced tbat witnesses would now be called to depose respecting the demon ' stration of the 13 th June , Revel , a wine-shopkeeper , Rue de Bondy , \ i , deposed that , on the morning of 13 th June , several individuals , who were drinking in the house , said- — : ' Thi 3 evening the president and ministers will be prisoners at Vincennes ! To-morrow , we shall do for Changaroier and Cavaignac ! Let the aristos look out ! ' ( Laughter . ) I heard National Guards and workmen cry 'Vive la Republiqae Deraocratique et Sociale ! ' None of the accused were among the persons who talked in his shop .
M . Thouret , an advocate , said the witness had refused to sign his deposition , lest it should injure him in his business . Villemont , a soldier of the 5 th Lancers , said he accompanied M . Lacrosse , minister of public works , up the Boulevards on the 13 th , and heard the people in the procession cry , Vive la Republique !' ' Vive la constitution 1 ' 'Vive la Republique Romaine ! ' ' Down with the traitors ! ' He then described how M . Lacrosse was surrounded and menaced by the crowd , and how he escaped by galloping to the mairie in the Rue de Vendome ,
M . Ghabrier , cheif d ' escadron of the staff of the National Guard , saw the minister of public works surrounded and threatened , and cries of' Down with the President ! ' « Down with the government !' ' Vive la Republique Romaine ! ' The groups forming the demonstration appeared to him to be organised , so far as organisation in such a case was possible . He did not recognise Etienne Arago , or any officers among those who cried . M . de Renneville , sous cheif at the Minister of the Interior and captain in the staff of the National
Guard , deposed that on the 13 th June he was sent by M . Dufaurp , to reconnoitre the state of Paris as far as the Place de la Bastille , and the appearance of the manifestation which was about to take place . They called on him to cry ' Vive la Republique Romaine ! ' but he would not consent , and at length , by making his horse rear , he succeeded in extricating himself . He heard cries of ' Vive la Constitution , ' * Vive la Republique Romaine ., 'A bas les traitres , ' A has les Cosaques . ' lie was himself called a Cossack .
In reply to a question from the prisoner Guinard , the witness 6 aid that he did not recognise among the prisoners any one whom he bad seen at the meeting . M . Bernard , an employe , the next witness called , said that he had on the previous evening seen a person , dressed as a cook , who announced that a manifestation was to take place the next day ; but , although there were a number of police agents present ' he was not arrested . He was present , he said , at the time of the manifestation , and saw a number or groups formed . When the cortege commenced its march he had seen M . Etienne Arago and some officers of the artdlery of the National Guard , whom he did not know . Fearing that there would be a disturbance , he took the Rue Bourbon Vflleneuve andproceefledtowards the , RHe . delaPaii WS
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hornet the dragoons . He became alarmed , and returned towards the Rue Monlroartre , where he saw some men attempting to break into a gunsmith ' s shop . He baa , he said , heard cries of « Vivp . la Constitution , and 'Vive Proudhon , ' but not of' A lalauterne . ' He saw one red flag carried by the manifestation , on which was inscribed * Les ouvriers combattaus de Fevrier , ' but had not seen the socalist emblem of the triangle . He met some individuals with the muskets in the Rue Fosses Montmartre , and heard cries of Aux armes ; ' and , after hearing the discharge of musketry at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers , saw Col . Forestier and several artillerymen with their carbines . It was about half-past three or four o ' clock when he saw Col . Forestier .
la reply to a question from the prisoner Delahaye , the witness said that he did not recognise among the prisoners any of the artillerymen whom he had seen , but that mig ht be accounted for by his having only seen their backs . M . Guillaurae , a glove-manufacturer , residing in the Rue de Bondy , deposed in similar terms to preceding witnesses as to the assemblage at the Ch ateau d'Eau , and the march of the manifestation . He said he saw M . Etienne Arago at the head of it ia bis uniform aa chef-de-bata \ lfou . He had his sabre in the scabbard . At either side of him was a lieutenant-colonel of the National Guard and a caplian of the artillery . There were a great number of National Guards and their officers present ; the privates were without arms .
M . Bac , one of the counsel for the prisoners , begged the president to ask the witness whether he had not felt some surprise in seeing the police tacitly allow the assemblages to take place The President said he could not put such a question , as it was not one of fact . The prisoner Guinard asked whether the witness had setn any artillerymen with their arms in the midst of the manifestition when it was in march . The witness replied that he had not , but that he had seen them near the mairie . TEe prisoner Guinard said that the 5 th battery had assembled at the mairie by his order , as it was their usual place of mustering ; there was therefore nothing extraordinary in the witness having seen them there .
M . Serre , a sergeant of the 18 th light infantry , who commanded the post of the Boulevard Bonns Nauvelle , deposed that he had with him twelve men and a corporal . On seeing the manifestation approach , he had cksed the gates of the post . Soon after , a group of individuals approached the post , crying' Vi ve la Republique ! ' « Vive la constitution !' 'A bas les Cosaques ! ' and summoning him and his men to give up their arms . He replied that the arms were better in the hands of his men than they wou . d be in the hands of . those who demanded them ; they then attempted to scale the gates , and to make them unfix their bayonets . He had not however yielded , and the firmness displayed by the post intimidated their aggressors .
The President : Your conduet was very noble , and you deserve the hi ghest praise . M . Primorin , a commiss ary of police , deposed tbat he went , by order of General Changarnier , at the head of the armed force to the top of the Rue de la Paix , and summoned the crowd to disperse in the usual way . The witness then proceeded to describe the advance of the troops and the clearing the Boulevards . He stated that a barricade had been comraeuced opposite the Rue du Helder , but that it was a very feble one , and only composed of chairs . The people who composed the manifestation appeared very excited , and were crying Vive la Constitution !' The head of the manifestation had passed the Rue de la Paix when the troops charged on them . The body wa 3 thus cut in two .
M . Dain , one of the counsel , said that the barricade talked of was nothing more than a few chairs which happened to be standing on the Boulevard thrown together . Captain Landry de Saint Aubin , commanding the 6 th battalion of chasseurs , said he was charged to clear the boulevard to the Madeleine , after which he proceeded to cause to be evacuated the terrace ol the Passagg Jouffroy , where some individuals , who appeared very hostile , were crying » Vive la constitution ! ' 'Vive la republique democratiqufi et sociale ! ' « To arms 1 ' His men were insulted and called butchers , and General Changarnier waa insulted by a national guard .
Colonel Guyon , of the 2 nd dragoons , deposed that he had taken part with his regisient in clearing the boulevards . The summonses required by law were duly made before the military acted . He heard several pistol shots fired on the right and the left . The people cried to the soldiers that they were executioners—that they were engaged in a " fratricidal war—and that t ' aey were assassinating the people . Witness did not see a red flag . M . Tisserand , chef d ' escadron in the gendarmerie mobile , assisted in clearing the boulevards , and
heard several pistol shots from the Rue Basse du Rempart . Attempts to form barricades of chairs and vehicles were made on the Boulevard Montmartre . At the Rue de Bonne Nouvelle , on the Boulevard of that name , his men were fired on , and they responded . On arriving in the Rue Vivienne . he saw a young man in a group of seven or ei ght persons , who cried insolently ' Vive la Montague ! Vivent les Romains !' —Witness accordingl y struck him several various blows with the flat of his sword , and he fell . ( Movement on the bench of the accused . ) The young man was afterwards arrested .
M . Petit , lieutenant of the gendarmerie mobile deposed that he commanded a detachment in the column of General Changarnier . He took part in cutting through the demonstration near the Rue de la Paix . It was after a roll from the drum and the legal summons , that thedemonstration was attacked . The crowd , among whom were National Guards and representatives in their scarfs , at first dispersed , but afterwards part of them formed into ranks in good
order , and advanced towards the troops . Forty or fifty furious men threw themselves on their knees , uncovered their breasts , and cried ' Will you fire on your brethren ? Will you shed the blood of your brothers ? ' Without taking any notice of this tornfoolery , they charged with the bayonet . ( Marks of indignation from the accused . ) The people called them assassins ; but they wera not assassins , and were rather disposed to kick the rioters than use thtir bayonets . ( Movement . )
The accused Guinard here observed , that it was iu consequence of the attack on the demonstration that the representatives who were in it went to the Palais National to claim his protection , and that w as the explanation of his conduct on the 13 th June . ' We are not , ' he continued , with animation , the getters up of civil war , as it is attempted to be shown , but the true defenders of the republic and the constitution , for which we are ready to shed the last drop of our blood ! ( The accused indicated by their gestures that they approved of what M . Gninard said . ) It was at the moment at which , in the free
exercise of our rights as citizens , we endeavoured to secure the respect of the constitution , that shameful acts of violence were displayed towards peaceful and unarmed citizens j and in this resp ? ct you will have observed the words , unworthy of a French officer , which have fallen from iliewitness . Iknow , for my part , a youn » man , worthy of ail consideration , to whom the humiliating treatment indicated by the witness was not displayed , for he was struck , not with the flat side , but with the edge of the sword !' The witness : ' Ah , yes « It was I myself who gave the blow . ( General movement of indignation , and violent murmurs on the benches of the accused )
. Guinard : 'You boast of it , sir . You boast of having struck a young man without arms , who had not even a stick in his hand and you wear the epaulettes of an officer . You inflicted on thatyoun » man a serious wound , and if it had not been for his spectacles he would have lost his eye . I declare that such acts of violence areshameful ! and yet we who made the revolution , and had the honour of being at the head Of the public force , should have consuiered ourselves dishonoured if ' such an ac c uW be oted aga . nst us . We did not died a drop
The Procureur General : 'The accused foreets totajm , * m not tn . t the men who pr 3 d to ^ defend the constitution attacked it in * most violent manner , endeavoured to overthrow the re gularly confu ted authorities and destroy the majority elected by universal suffrage . Those men he possible if the government were at their roercv ' the ^ lTf ' ( aU adV ° - Cate )! You f ° 6 ftt that tilS-fte ? £ * V »** r the action to
kneeling men who were struck b y your gendarmes jwn conspirators . Until you do that , I tell youTa they were free citizens , exercising their right Ough not French office to have stopped before thekT K ^ Ts ? , f y - there is one * *»« £ 55 S i . Av i Ua J lonal uniforra tapoMd < m him has had the sad aad daplorble courage of boast . ing of having pknged his sword into an . uncoveTPn breast . Ah the aun who could so irt Ii nSJSJ tQ wear th « Freacb uaiform ! ^ worthy
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The accused here rose , in a state of great excitemen , and loudly cried , * Yes , yes ! ' Some of them addressed violent reproaches to the Tritneas , but what thay said could not lie distinguished in the tumult . M . Petit ( the witness ) , turning towards the prisoners and their advocates , raised his arm , and making a disdainful gesture , cried , 'You are all j—£ i » [ This is one of the coarsest epithets in the French language . ] __ ¦
At this a volley of vociferations arose from tte benches of the accused and of the advocates , All displayed the greatest excitement . It is shameful ! It is infamous ! W e are outraged ! Kill us , but do not intuit us ! The trial is impossible ! ' were among the cries uttered . The tumult became truly fearful , and in the tribune and the jury the agitation wa » also extreme . The accused Baune , in a state of great exasperalion , and seizing his papers cried : 'Gendarmes , take me away ! I will not remain here !' Lourion : I came here voluntarily to be tried , but if I had known that I should be insulted , 1 would not have given myself up !
Tbe Procureur-General ; We have no intention of defending the words uttered by the witness , but we mutt say , because it h the truth , that he was insulted in the gravest manner by one of the advocates told that he tf&s unworthy to wear theFrench uniform ! It was on lhat account that he made use of the reprehensible expression . At the audience , yesterday , the accused rose in tumult ; but such demonstrations cannot be allowed to be repaated . We demand that the accused who have taken part in the tumult shall he expulsed from the audience in virtue ol Art . 10 of the law of 1835 . There has been applause from the public tribunes ; people foi et that they are in the sanctuary of justice . We persist in our demand . Tbe accused Maigne : Let v » be taken at once to Mont St . Michel .
Baune : I will go ! I will not remain to be outraged any longer . ( The gendarmes begged him to be seated . ) M . Tourrel : I do not accept the lesson of the Procureur-Geueral ! We expected that , by a requisition against the witness , the Procureur-General would have caused the liberty of defence to be respected in our persons . But , as he has not done to , we , for the honour of the gown , are obliged to abandon our friends and brothers ! We will demand of the court to decide on the insult addressed to us , and also on the words suffered ! The Procureur-General : We present in writing the demand we just made : we require that all the accused—for all took part in the tumult—shall be removed from the court !
The accused with great violence : Yes , all ! all ! M . Dain , one of the advocates , said that the insult made to the bar required a reparation , but as the procureur-general , who had had the honour to wear the robe of the advocate , had not defended them , he , for his part , should retire . ( The learned gentleman then took his cap and withdrew . ) The president here announced that the court would deliberate on wbat should be done . During the absence of the judges , the greatest excitement prevailed in tbe body of the court . The accused were greatly agitated and very noisy ; the public formed themselves into groups , and earnestly discussed the incident which had arisen , and the advocates were also much excited . Altogether the scene was one of the most extraordinary ever witnessed in a court of justice .
After three-quarters of an hour ' s absence , the judges returned , and the President read a decree , in which it was said tbat the advocate , M . Tourrel , had outraged the witness Petit by his observations ; that Petit had responded by a gross observation , contrary to the respect due to justice to the accused and to the advocates ; that the accused had disturbed the dignity of the audience by their clamours , but that it was important for the interest of justice that they should not be expulsed ; the court accordingly held that there were errors on all sides , but that they were not of such a nature as to call for any other measure than a severe reprobation ; and therefore it ordered the trial to proceed .
The sitting was then brought to an end amidst great agitation , but no exclamations were uttered , either by the public or the accused .
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In answer to the accused Andre , witness said he could not state positively whether it was with a pistol or a musket that the man had fired at the officers . When he arrested him , he had no weapon . M . Madier de Montjau demanded to be allowed to read a certificate , signed by thirty-tbree persons stating that a man named Dupart had ben killed by the witness , though he had committed no act of aggression , and was the the bearer of no weapon . He demanded that the thirty three witnesses should be summoned by the procureur-general , and that it should be proved that the witness really had been wounded , as there was no legal evidence of it .
The Procureur-General invited the learned counsel to coramuuicate with him on the subject when the sitting should be suspended . M . Brim , commissary of police , deposed to what took place on the boulevard , and to the construction ol barricades . He added that he had arrested a person named Lafond , secretary of the Club des Amis de la Constitution , who was attired in tbe uniform of an officer of the national guard , and whose conduct was so violent thatsme of the national guards proposed to shoot him on the spot . ( Murmurs . ) Witness tore off the epaulettes of that individual .
The Procureur . General said that the person in question did not belong to the national guard of Paris . He wa 3 not under prosecution , a judgment that there was not sufficient ground for his prosecution having been rendered . M . Manuel , an officier de paix , after stating what took p lace on the boulevard , and tbat several shots were fired at the troops , said that he had assisted in arresting Lafond . and in conveying him defore General Changarnier . It was with difficulty that he was protected from the fury of tbe crowd . General Changarnier had orders that he should be taken before him dead or alive , on account of his having been very violent , and excited the people to armed resistance .
M . Cremieux and another advocate begged that it might he remarked that the man whom it bad been proposed to shoot on the spot had not been prosecuted , for want of evidence . M . Laissee , another advocate , demanded tbat Lafond should be summoned to give evidence . The Procureur-General said he would not summon him . ( Murmurs . ) M . Ravenaz , a commissionnaire , saw an attempt made to disarm two national guards , and to construct barricades on the Boulevard Monttuartre , As the troops arrived to disperse the insurgents , witness was shot in the leg , and the wound was so severe that he had to have the limb amputated , and now walked with a wooden leg . ( Sensation . )
The Procureur-General said the witness had behaved with great courage . In answer to questions , the witness stated tbat the attempt to disarm tbe nationrl guard bad been made before the procession was attacked by the troops . M . Gent , ex-representative of the people , deposed that on the 13 th June , he went to join the demonstration with Etienne Arago , who was without
arms . Arago recommended the people to be calm , and as there were cries of ' Vive la Republique Deraocratique et Sociale ! ' he said , No ! ' the cry today , is' Vive la Constitution 1 Vive la Republique 1 ' The witness then proceeded to describe the attack on the column by General Changarnier . He said that , in his opinion , the demonstration had no other object than to manifest the emotion of the Parisian population at the violation of tbe constitution .
The Procureur-General said tbat the demonstration was to have proceeded to the National Assembly . M . Gent said that was possible , but it would have answered the same purpose if it had gone anywhere else . Besides , the assembly was not sitting tbat day . The Procureur-General observed that the mass did not know that , and that their belief was that an affair similar to that of the 15 th May would take place . M . Gent denied this : they all knew that they would nut be allowed to reach the assembly . The witness expressed an opinion , that the charge of General Changarnier was made before the summon to disperse ; but
The Procureur-General told him that tbat was denied by other witnesses . The court rose at half-pa&t five o ' clock .
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then said that it was the interest of France to « outate Borne as soon as possible , as otherwise ^ would become for her anew Algeria , and devour h children and treasure . But she should UmlZ leaving behind the seeds of a new revolution Ti , expedition , irreproachable at its onset mS become blamable and criminal in its results fts would be the case if France neglected to SaintS and safely guard the liberty of the Roman JS ' He trusted , m conclusion , that the French armfin going to Rome might have reaped something el EesxTes shame . ( Applause on the Left . ) JI . Vi £ Hugo , on descending from the tribune , roll £ SiLS" ^ 10118 of the members « Z
M . deMontalembert , delivered a lcn ? thv sdbam . overflowing with priest-inspired virulence S the Republicans both French and Sn "S eluding bis speech , he observed , ' It has bSen , Jm that our flag was compromised by the cvpedWo , Rome . Blasphemy ! It has not been so fo , n" ° has it been unfolded in a more noble cause ? £ !" longed applause from the Right . ) IlistS ' wIlT justice to the leader of ourarmv to R n ° of one of the giants of ouroW iJjSd -B ^ W t ^^^^ i ^^ ssB ^ SBm offers oFSJ ** - - ° - dillon *«* . A number ffitf fo handed to the
rL ^ nf ° LJOT , ? were Prpsiflpnt l > nf \ f A , , nuns uanaea " > t « s oiS of the Kv O < Wl 0 n Barrot lmin 2 ™ ° the Older or tne day puve and simple , they were all ^ Jwhill it'T t 0 Qk ? hw ««* thJXKiuw ot the bill , demanding a credit of UO . OOOf . There appeared-for the clause , 409 ¦ against it 180 ; nuJ jonty for Ministers , 289 . A second division took ) lace on the second clause , demanding a credit of G , 817 , 920 f . for the expenses of the expeditionary corps on the war footing during eight months . F Oi . « the clause , i 10 ; against it , 1 G 5 ; majority in favour of Ministers , 305 . A third division took place on the third clause of the bill , demanding an extraordinary credit of l , 945 , 200 f . for the Minister of Marine to defray the expenses of his department For the clause , 466 ; against it , 163 ; majority ia favour of Ministers , 298 . The Chamber then adourned to Monday ,
Paris , Monday . —That committee has just distributed its report on the proposition of M . Creton relative to the abrogation of the laws which banish from France the two branches of the Bourbon family , This proposition tends to suspend , fov the space of six years , the eli gibility of the members of that familj to seats in the Assembly , and to deprive them for eig ht years , of the faculty of being elected as president or vice president of the republic . The president of the council having declared to the committee that it would be an act of rashness to abrogate these laws , the committee recommends that the proposition of M . Creton should not at present be taken into consideration .
The committee having taken that decision have shelved that of M . Napoleon Buonaparte as being identical with that of M . Creton . With regard to that portion of it relating to the liberation ol tte insurgents of June , the committee presented a report , giving their motives for rejecting . M . Napoleon Buonaparte wished that his proposal might have the priority of the debate in tbe Assembl y over that of M . Creton . The Assembly refused to grant the request .
M . Pierre Leroux then rose to put the questions of which be bad given notice to the minister of justice . He complained of the illegal arrests of two persons , friends of his , at Boussac ( Creuse . ) who had been subsequently brought to Lyons on foot and chained ; though that city was not situate within the circle of the tribunal to which they were subject . M . Odillon Barrot , minister of justice , said that
the charges against the two individuals alluded to bad been carefully examined by the magistrates who had found true bills against them . Their decision should be respected , and could not be discussed at the tribune . Every legal formality had been ob . served , and Lyons being now in a state of siege , the accusation directed sgainstthe two prisoners should naturally be tried by court martial . As to the illtreatment supposed to have been exercised towards them , the charge was totally unfounded .
M . Lerous ' s questions were finally set aside by the order of the day . M . Cbamoix proposed to put certain questions to the government relatire to tbe alleged harsh treatment of political prisoners at Perigueux . After some discussion tbe interpellations were adjourned for a month .
ITALY . ROME . —Tbe following ordinance , dated the 8 th , has been published at Rome : — ? Various individuals have been for some time past walking the streets of Rome , singing songs which induce people to assemble round them or to follow them . Although these crowds have not hitherto disturbed public order , they notwithstanding are contrary to the ordonnances of police , asd may serve as a pretext for culpable manifestations . The prefect of police , therefore , orders as follows : Art . 1 . All crowds stopping
in the public squares or traversing the streets , whether singing or not , are prohibited . —Art . 2 . It is also forbidden to sing in coffee-houses and other public places not having permission for tbe purpose . —Art . 3 . The police agents and public force are entrusted , on their responsibility , with the execulion of this ordonnauce . The military commandants shall , on being required to do so , give their assistance , should force become necessary to dissipate the crowds . —Art . 4 . Transgressors shall be punished according to the laws relating to these attroup t ' ments . The Prefect of PoliceLe Rousseau .
, The cardinals have decided that the railway to Naples is a useless scheme , tending only to inundate Rome with worthless foreigners ; they have therefore definitivel y suspended the works , and thus thrown thousands of people out of employment , now tbat it is so much needed . These irritating measures increase the detestation with which all classes regard the restored government , and inscriptions appear on the walls , in enorraous letters , of < Death to the red triumvirate , ' 4 Death to the infamous revengeful priests ! ' and
so on . The French keep up a very vigorous surveillance , in order to prevent the public dissalisfaction from leading to some outbreak , which might , perhaps , serve to test how far the majority of the army sympathises in the Roman cause . Several young men having been arrested for singing are still in confinement in the Castle of St . Angelo , aud one of the party , who managed to escape when the French gendarmes stopped the performance , assures me that they were merel y singing harmless opera music . Instead of singing , the Romans now
indulge in prose recitations , as they walk along , which will probably be soon prohibited also . The ' Osservatore Romano' has the following fromFoligno , 6 th inst .: — 'In consequence of the arrests that have been made here , the existence of three secret societies has been ascertained , one of which is called the Brutus Society , and another the Ultra Society . We have not been able to ascertain the name o { the \ hvrd , but we are told that these
societies had peculiar forms and registers , and that the persons lately arrested for ordinary crimes imputed to them belonged to these secret societies . Yesterday evening , thirty subjects of the Papal States , not natives of Foligno , were ordered to leave the town within five days . Two davs ago a de . tachment of Adrians left Foli gno to arrest a demagogue of our tow ,, , who has taken refuge at Fa . ofGaribS ? Pene 8 OmereinBiM of the bands
A letter from Rome , of the 11 th , states that persons are engaged day and night in prepa ing the '33 tth- n ? Pope W lhe Vaticanfan ' dTwa ofimt ° lmCSS 0 UW arthe in tbe fist «* KAPLES . ~ The « Constitutional' of Florence SauksM tf , ° F- rivate c ° ™ P ^ ence , thS 5 fi ? in « A i ? functionaries who formerly held Tbe Jesuits were omnipotent at Naples . have
We received the following letter from our correspondent-.-Naples , Oct . 1 .-A 1 I those who tormeu the National guard on the 4 th May are to be arrested , or at least called before the authorities , ana the principal actors in the affair of that day are to be imprisoned and severely punished . Within the last two days hundreds have been arrested-many iswasa ** " "*^*
The' Messaggere' of Turin bavin * been nrosesenting PlUS IX . as « affecting a hypocritical mild-S'iTf ^ at Gaeta in "U » w and having hu feet kissed by Sovereigns who are still more corrupt and treacherous than he , ' the jury gave a veraict of guilty , but counsel having pleaded prescription , as three months had passed since the publication of the articles , the plea was held to ba good , and the Messaggere acquited . ( Confront to &t frvt >\ thpa $ e . J |
;Ffam8tt Intelligence.
; ffam 8 tt intelligence .
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Sitting of October 18 . —The court met at eleven o ' clock . M . Cremieux and all the other advocates rose , and the former read from a paper as follows : —After the incident which occurred yesterday at tbe end of the sitting , after the decree of the court , so painful to us who wear the advocate ' s gown , and who know the rights it gives us and the duties it imposes , it is impossible for the counsel for " the defence to re-appear in this place without explaining to the public why they re-appear . We have calmed the legitimate indignation of the accused , who have understood that the dignity of their cause , even more than their interest , commands them not to
desert the trial . -Implicated in a prosecution of which the souvenir will remain as a monument of incredible passion , they have a ri ght to make known tke truth and to remain at their post . They will so remain , moderate , becoming , calm , republican . As for ourselves who come to fulfil a difficult but sacred duty , it was not without painful astonishment that we heard ourselves insulted . In presence of one who was formerly batonier of tbe Order of Advocates of Paris , but who is now clothed with the robe of procureur-general , we counted on him for the repression of insult to men who wear the gown . As to the decree of the
court—The President : Advocate , the decree of the court is sovereign , and sannot be discussed . 1 forbid you to speak on it .
M . Cremieux : Pardon , Monsieur le President . The President : You employed just now terms offensive to the public prosecutor . We cannot permit you to continue and say that the prosecution ia one of passion . M . Cremieux : —I regret not to have been understood , but I will again read my observation . The President : Read it . M . Creraieux : I did not speak of the public prosecution , but of the case which I consider an example of incredible passion , and we shall repeat it more than once in the course of our defence . The President : Advocate , you forget that there is a decree of the Chambre des MiBes en Accusation , and therefore it is that decree which you attack . M . Cremieux : No . Monsieur le President .
The President : I recommend you to be moderale . M . Cremieux : lean affirm tbat in the note which I am reading there is nothing which can offend the High Court . We only express the pain which the incident of yesterday caused us , and we are certain that if we did not do so , the Court itself would feel surprised . To continue : As to the decree of the High Court , it no doubt severel y qualifies the words by which its audience was profaned ; but it does not give any consolation to the sacred ministry of the defence . The High Court , whilst repressing the tumult which disturbed the audience , did not sufficiently protect the defence , which a witness had gravely insulted . We will , however , fulfil our task to the end , and are read y to proceed with the
The President : Advocate , 1 repeat that the decree of the High Court does not require justification , and I will not allow it to be broujrnt under discussion . " The Procureur General : We are personally brought forward , and therefore will not give way to the emotion which we feel . This emotion is the greater , as it arises from the proceeding of men with whom we have had long relations , relations winch we did not think broken off . We will therefore reflect on the note which has just been read and we demand that it shall be deposited on the table of thecourt . r
M . Cremieux : Willingl y , it j , signeu by all the advocates of tbe court . J The examination of witnesses was then proceeded » w \ !! {! ' f lieute antof ^ egendarme , described what ook place on the boulevard , when the column a W tt ! m t aCked ' , He beard three shots fired ' and "J attempts made to construct barricades Cap * . Nicholas and Capt . Rodolosse , ' of the 10 th « *> l ° f * hasseurs ' Save similar evidence , and stated that they saw national guards throw thembrrthwl ? * kneM and ° ry >' m y ° U fire ° your The accused Guinard insisted that the column was attacked before the summonsea required b y the law were made , but this was denied by the witnesses . '
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The editor of tbe ' Tribune des Peuples' has been summoned to appear before the Hi gh Court of Justice at Versailles to answer fov contempt of court in publishing an incorrect report of its proceedings . Lieutenant Petit , who insulted tho accused at Versailles , by calling them a vile and filthy name , had a dinner given to him on Saturday by General Changarnier , who took the opportunity of giving
him the epaulets of captian . A duel kas been fought between M . Herman , editor of ffio' Tribune des Peuples / and Captain Mangloss , of tho Gerdermerie Mobile . Tho captain ia said to have followed M . Ilermm to his office , in consequence of some observations which appeared in tho ' Tribune des Peuples , ' ou the evidence given by the captain before the Court of Versailles . A duel was fought on Monday afternoon in the Forest of Bondy between M . Thouret , a barrister , and Lieutenant Petit , of the Gendarmerio Mobile . The weapon chosen by the combatants was the Bword . Tho parties having been placed on the ground attacked each other with extraordinary
iury . Alter some time they became completely exhausted and were forced to rest . They recommenced , and , after a long contest , during which neither was wounded , the seconds disarmed them when they shook hands . M . Baume , a representative of the people , and M . Buvignier , a hamster , acted as seconds to M . Thouret : and M Wallois a half-pay lieutenant , and M . Dufaur , a landed proprietor , performed the same duty for Lieutenant Petit , lhe lieutenant challenged the barrister in consequence of the latter having told him during the State Trials at Versailles that he was unworthy to wear the French uniform . '
DEBATE ON TUB ROMAN QUESTION . In tho French Assembly , on Thursday week , began the debate on the credit for the Roman expedition . M . de Tocqucville opened with a speech in which capitulating the incidents so as to soften rather than contradict the reactionary tono he characterised the letter of the President to M . Edgar Ney as a proud political resume of wbat France required •" and added , " although the document has no official character , we ( the Cabinet ) do not hesitate to bestow on it our cordial approbation . " The Pope ' s motupnprh , he did not attempt to conceal from the Assembly < has not realised our hopes and ex Pl ' ° " : " , Jet it « has excited tho bttLfi flSof
ings hostility among the retrograde party in Italy ; because in it are to be found "the germ of those liberties wh cli we had demanded . " M de Tocqueville was followed by M . Matth eu ( do la Dromo ) in a strong Mountain speech . K Here tho debate was broken by a quarrel In passing , M . Matthicu referred to the wSs attributed to m . Theirs , beforo tho oloction of the PrewJS ttoBcnuttio , » that the election of Louis Napoleon would bo a disgrace to Prance . " M . Thiers : "I deny them . » ° M . Bixio : "I myself heard you use them . " M . Thiers immediatel y sent oW M 7 M ' ? cecheren t 0 M - Bixio ? who f , » ni L + i lan"fu a ? d M" Vict 01 ' L ^ anc as his tottoul 5 S ° nists re P ™ cdin their carriage to the Bois do Boulogne , exchanged shots at twenty «> an _ 2 F <* . to the Assembly to hear the conclusion of the
debate . ' On Friday , M . Thuriot do la Rosiere , a yonnir W J » S ^^ *«^ W the Pope was one of humanity . The flight of £ Pope to Gaeta placed Franco on the firwrf a triple delemma , fov France must either a 5 ow the SSod \ Tt % f fr trOye ? ' jt ^' tTttack oi aetund it . Each of those alternatives General Cavaignao declared to be dangerous . AfteTiUs abstract summary ofhis opinions , General Cavainac entered on the discussion of tbe constihitinnoi question raised b y the report of M ? £ £ & denied the right of a oonLafen " to 8 "S&afSfleh the Assembly had itself no right to do naS-to discuss tho question of revision of t . h ., '« Sfcl
lie concluded by expressing hw opinion " tint X motuproprio was decidedly insufficient e by tho President of tho Republic . HtKmlS tZ his Holiness to the letter , is regarded lffi it still less . It decreed proscriptions en mem unS the fallacious name of an amnesty . TK £ I fsHs « « ? -am . , ft . JCJS&iW
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2 . .. * ¦ . ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . October 27 , 1849 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 27, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1545/page/2/
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