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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATUKDAY, OCTOBER 37, 1849.
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£o <2rom*p0nir cM$»
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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DSITISH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LAND AND BUILDING SOCIETY . On an Advance your Rent is SaTed , —yon become your own Land and Householder . Porous . —T . S . Ddscombe , Esq ., M . P . T . "WiKLEr , Esq ., JtP . B . B . Cabbell , Esq ., 1 LP . L . J . Hansabd , Esq ., M .. I tau . j Bankers . —The Commercial Bank of London ( Branch ) , 6 , Henrietta Street , Covent Garden , iflnaon Ojr « . _ X . 13 , Tottenham Cour t , New Road , St Pancras , London . —Dasiel Wiumh Rcn ? r , Secretary . Aseaxced k Thkee Sectioxs . Value of Shares and Payments for Investors . Full Share .. .. £ 120—payment of 2 s . 3 d . ^ Week , or 10 s . 6 d . perMentn . HalfShare .. .. 60 — 1 21 — 5 3 — Quarter Share - .. 30 - 0 'J - 2 8 _ Applicants are reauested to state in their form the Section they desire to be a Member of . No SckvetobsV Soijcitobs . of IIedejotws Fees . —The present Entrance Fee , including Certificate , Rules . &c . is 4 s . per Share / and 2 s . 6 d . for any part of a Share . Price of Kules , including Postage , Is . OBJECTS . 1 st—To enable members to build Dwelling Houses . 5 th . —To give to Depositing Members a higher rate of In" nd . —To afford the means of purcliasing both Freehold ter «* ^ » s yielded by ordinary modes of investment * nd Leasehold Properties or Land . ™ . -S " —To enaJ > kParents to make Endowments for their SnL-To advance Mortgages oh Property held by gg ^ *«*¦»*• for their Wives , or for Marriage jnembers . 7 th . —To purchase a piece of Freehold Land of sufficient 4 th . —To enable Mortgagors being members to redeem value to give a legal title to a County Vote for Members of ^ ieir Mortgages . , Parliament Sechos L—By joining this section every person in town or country can become the proprietor of a House and Land a his own nei g hbourhood , without being removed from his friends , connexions , or the present means himself and family jaay have of gaining a livelihood . SechosIL—To raise a capital by shares to purchase Estates , erect Dwellings thereon , and divide the Land into allotments from half-an-acre upwards , in or near the towns of the various branches of the society . The property to be the bona fide freehold of the member after a term of years , from the date of location , according * o his subscriptions . Sectios IIL—Saving or Deposit section , in which members not wishing to purchase are enabled to invest small sums , receiving interest at the rate ef five per cent per annum , on every sum of 10 s . and upwards so deposited . N . B . — £ 50 D wili be advanced to the members of the first Section in November next , when all persons who have and may become members for Shares , or parts of Share 3 , on or before the 4 tn of November nest , and -who pay six months ' inbscriptions in advance , or otherwise , will be eligible for an advance .
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EMIGRATION . THE BRITISH EMPIRE PERMANENT EMIGRATION AND COLONISATION SOCIETY , To secure to each Member a FARM of not less than Twenty-Five Acres of Land in AMERICA , By Small Weeldy or Monthly Contributions . Losdos Office : —13 , Tottennam-Court , New-road , St . Pancras . —D . "ff . Rotk , Secretary . OBJECTS . To purchase a large tract of Land , in the Western States To purchase in large quantities , for the common , benefit , of America , upon which to locate Members , giving twenty , all necessary live and dead stock , and other requisites , five acres to each Share subscribed for . supplying each member on location with the quantity re-To erect dwellings , and clear a certain poriionof the Land quired at cost price , on each allotment , previous tothe arrival of the allottees . To provide for the location of groups , holding the Land To establish a depot , from wbicli to provide each family in common , as well as for individuals , securing to each with the required quantity of wholesome food , until their their collective and separate rights and immunities . own land produced sufficient for their support . VALUE OP SHARES . Each Share to be of the ultimate Value of Twenty-Fire Founds , To be raised by Monthly or Weeklg Sa 5 s « riptwns , < w / oUqios : — A Payment of Ninepence per Week for Ten Years will amount to 19 J . 10 * . Bonus 51 . 10 $ . Ditto Sixpence per Week for Fifteen Years will amount to 19 L 10 * . Bonus 51 . 10 s . Inpayments may be made to the Society in Money , Produce , or Labour . Prospectuses , Rules , Forms of Application for Shares , and every other information , may be had at the Office as above . All applications by Letter , addressed to the Secretary , must be pre-paid , aud enclose a postage stamp for reply . By enclosing twelve postage stamps a Copy of the Kules will be forwarded , post free . Forms of Entrance by enclosing -three postage stamps . : Agents required in . alljxirts of Great Britain . A WEEKLY PERIODICAL , entitled "THE RIGHTS OF MJffl , " wiU shortly be published , price One Penny . It will be devoted to the interests of the Working Classes , whose contributions to its pages will always find a place , consistent -with its size , and it will contain important advice to intending Emigrants .
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» THB CKIPPLEGATE LOCALITY - * - beg to sta : e that they have a large stock of songs thatvtere sung at the graves of Williams and Sharp on band , tvbii-h -will be sold at 2 s . Gd . per hundred . The profits to be devoted to the Monument Fund . It is respectfully requested that the various lealities will forward their orders for the above songs , which , mil be forwarded post ftee , i * 5 post-office orders being sent to the secretary , T . Brown , 28 , Golden-lane , Barbican London . All orders will be reported in the Stir weeklt .
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HALSB'S SCORBUTIC DROPS . A SURE CURE FOR SCURVY , BAD LEGS , ASD IMPURE BLOOD . Another surprising cure by means of Halse ' s Scorbutic Drops .
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THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVES TCBLISHED . Price Is . Gd ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS , Now Ready , a New Edition ot MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK OH SMALL FARMS Sold by J . Watson , Queen's nead Passage , Paternoster row , London ; A . Heywood , Oldham-strect , Manchester , and Love and Co ., 5 , Sclson-street , Glasgow . And by all Booksellers in Town and Country .
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PHOTECTED BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT . DR . LOCOCK'S FEMALE WAFERS , Have no Taste of Mefticine , And are the only remedy recommended to be taken by Ladies . They fortify the Constitution at all periods of life , and in all Xervous Affections act like a charm . They remove Heaviness , Fatigue on Slight Exertion , Palpitation of the Heart , Lowness of Spirits , Weakness , and allay pain . They create Appetite , and remove Indigestion , Heartburn , Wind , Head Acnes , Giddiness , &c . In Hysterical Diseases , a proper perseverance in the use of this Medicine will be found to effect a cure after all other means had failed . tHT Full : Directions are given veith every box . Note . —These Wafers do not contain any Mineral , and may be taken either dissolved in water or whole .
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THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY and LITERATURE . Edited by G . JULIAN IIARNEY . NOTICE . No . VI . of the Democratic Review , for November 1 S 19 , wiH&e published eablt sext week ; and , if the booksellers and news-agents give then-orders in time , may he had in every town in the United Kingdom on the 1 st of November . Amongthe contents 0 ^ 0 . VI . win he MazziNI ' S magnificent Manifesto in defence of the Roman Republic ; Louis Blanc ' s scheme of Industrial Organisation : a Letter by the Editor to the Working Classes on the Institution of . Democratic Propaganda , and several ottiev articles on English , French , Hungarian , and Italian Affairs ; Poetry , ic , &c . Fouty Pages ( in a coloured wrapper ) , Pkice THREEPENCE . V 1 UCB QS" No . I . of the Democratic Review has been reprinted , and may be had on order of the publisher .
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SOUTH LONDON CHARTIST HALL , Corner of Webber-street , Blackfriars-road . TWO ORATION S , X Will be delivered iu the above named Hall , IS AID OP THE FOSD for toe suppobt of THE WIVES AND FAMILIES OF THE CHARTIST VICTIMS , On Wedsesdat Evesixgs , is Octobeb , 1849 , BY THOMAS COOPER , Author of the " Purgatory of Suicides , " AND , On Wednesday Evening , November 7 m 1819 , BY THOMAS CLARK , On the foUoxoiiig subjects . Oct . 31 , Lives , Patriotism , and Genius of Byron and Burns . November 7 , Napoleon Buonaparte—did his career serve or injure the cause of France and of Europe ? To commence at eight o ' clock . —Admission , Two Pence .
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FARMS ON SALE . TO BE DISPOSED OF , BY THE DIRECTORS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COM-* AHY , AT CHARTERVILLE , MINSTER LOVEL , Ose Fodb-Acke Farm , uneropped . One Foub-Acbe Fabm , with the following crops , upon two acres , carrots , mangel wurtzel , and Swede turnips . A quantity of fruit trees are upon this farm , and important additions have been made to the out-buildings . There are also a numberof tools and agricultural implements , all of which will be included in the sale . Oke Tubee-Acbe Farm . One Two-Ache Fahm .
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PAINS IN THE BACK , GRAVEL , LUMBAGO , &c . ONE trial only will prove the value of BE ROOS" celebrated COMPOUND RENAL PILLS , for speedily curing all kinds of pains in the back , diseases of tttft bladder , kidneys , and urinary organs generally , whether resulting from imprudence or otherwise . Price Is . lid ., 2 s . 3 d ., and 4 s . 6 d ., per box . They have never been known to fail , and will be sent free on receipt of 2 s 9 d . or 4 s . Gd . in postage ttamps , by Dr . DulVoos , l . EW-place , Holborn Hill , Lonuon . Full directions enclosed . *• " Aothentic Testimonials . —Mr . T . Barry , Ruthin , writes Send me a 2 s 9 d box for a friend ; the one I had has quite cured me . "—Mr . King , Aylesbury : " They are a perfect blessing . " The late Dr . Hope ; ' They ave tho only thing ot thekind I can recommend , having tried them in very MANr instances with most gratifying results . I hope they will be largely patronised , as they deserve to be . " —Address Dr . Walter DeRoos , I , Ely-place , Holbom-hill , London ; where he may be consulted on all these diseases daily , from 10 till 1 , i till 8 ; Sundays , 10 till 1 only . Advice , with medicines , sent to all parts of the world for £ 1 . Patients corresponded with till cured . Those cases deemed ikcukable are particularly invited .
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PUBLIC CAUTION !! DTJPTURES PERMANENTLY CURED IV WITHOUT A TRUSS 1 ! -Dv . HEJ 5 RY GimilVEY , C , Amptou-street , Gvay ' s-inn-road , London , still continues to supply the afflicted with this celebrated cure for single or double Ruptures , the efficacy of which is now too well established to need comment . It is easy in application , causes uo inconvenience , and will be sent free on receipt of 6 s . by Post-office order or otherwise . Dr . 6 . has a vast number of old Trusses left behind by persons cured as trophies of his immense success , which he will readily give to those who need them after a trial of his remedy . Notice . —Inquiry Mill prove the fact that this is tlie Ollly remedy known , all otWs W ' m spurious , useless , and dangerous imitations , against which sufferers are specially cautioned . " Having witnessed the good effect of your cure for rup . ture , I herewith send you an order for myself . " —Robekt Brown , Manchester . " I am obliged for your great care ; my Rupture has not ppeared since . —Mrs . Maine , Ilaspenden , Herts .
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BALDSESS , WEAK , OR GREY HAIR , VJIUSKEttS , &c . MISS COUPELLE respectfull y solicits one trial only of her celebrated Parisian Pomade , for quickly producing whiskers , Ac , restoring lost haiv , strengthening and curling weak hair , and checking greyness , from whatever cause . It has never been known to fail , and will be forwarded ( free ) on receipt of twenty-four postage-stamps . —Miss Young , Truro , writes : — " It has quite restored mine , which I had thought impossible , after everything else had failed , and I shall never be without some by me . "—Mr . Bull , Brill , says : — "It is the only oue that has had tlie desired effect , "—Dr . Erasmus Wilson . — " It is vastly superior to all the clumsy greasy compounds now gold under various titles and pretences . There ore , however , so many impositions afoot , that people reluctantly place confidence where it may justly be bestowed . "—Db not cot tour corns . —Also will be sent ( free ) , on receipt ot thirteen stamps , her safe , speedy , and lasting cure for soft or hard corns , bunions , die . It is never-failing . — Address , Miss COUPELLE , Ely-place , Holborn , London .
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R UPTURES EFFECTUALLY CURED IV WITHOUT A TRUSS ! -Dn . WALTER DE ROOS , 1 , Ely-place , Holbwrn-hill , London , still continues to supply the afflicted with his celebrated cure for Single or Double Ruptures , the efficacy of which is now too well csta . Wished to need comment . It is easy in application , causes no inconvenience , and will be sent free on receipt of Gs . Gd ., by Post-office order , or otherwise . Dr . Do It , has a great number of old trusses left behind by persons cured , as trophies of his immeuse success , which he will readily give to those who like to wear them after trial of this remedy . Hours . —10 till 1 ; and 4 til 18 . Rer . H . Walcott , Hijjhaml ' crravs , writes : —" Theperson for whom you sent your remedy is quite cured , and you will be good enough to send me two mur « , for others . " Caution . —Inquiry will prove the fact that this is the only remedy known . Sufferers are therefore cautioned against a host of quacks , who being newly started , for obvious reasons place Dr . before their names , forge testimonials , pay for pulling paragraphs , copy this advertisement , and have recourse to the basest practices to victimise the public N . B . —Post Office orders payable at the Holbom office . Advice free , to the poor .
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A Midshipman op tiik Beileropiion and Eleven Others Dhownkd . —On the afternoon of the 12 th infct ., Mr . Kemp , a midshipman of II . M . ' s ship Bellevophon , seveuty-eigUt , Captain Baynes , C . H ., lying off Leghorn , was sent ashore in charge of tho cutter , to bring some men who were on leave . Uo reached the shore , embarked his men , and left to return to his ship . In the meantime , however , the breeze , which was little or nothing when he ldt the Bellerophon , had freshened considerably , and it appears the cutter had proceeded one-third of the distance from the shore tu the ship , when , in consequence of shipping a great deal of water , Mr . Kemp bore up fov the puvpose of returning to tho land , the boat at the same time carrying a press of sail . More water was shipped in the act of bearing up , which was kept under by baleine . but .
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Ds . Hesdebson , GatesYioafl . —Mr . Bell ' s pamphlet shall have our early attention . E Shekbington , Glasgow . —Was the Post-order received ? HAMU . TON . ~ The 10 s . inserted in the Star on the 13 th mst ., to exempt E . Jones from picking oakham , should have been the balance instead of the proceeds of a Lottery , having sent £ 2 Ills , from the same source to tne > ictim Committee , Please to coraect it , as it has caused a misunderstanding . 1 was to Maine—not writing correctly , A Walkeb . A . Watson , Catlic&rt . —Write to Colonel Maberly , General Post Office , London . Mr . Fbaseb , Edinburgh . —All cleat , llr . Ubook will see that his firsrtetter is inserted , but it was impossible to find room for his second this week . B . Bbackenbbibge , Wallace Towi , Ayr . — We have not the documents at hand , but Vfula'AsiNev jour question next week .
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PAELIAMENTABY REFOKM . ' Twenty-one years ago the Whig party were agitating , as the national Parliamentary and Financial Keform Association now is , for a Tteformin our representative system . Long exclusion from power , and "the sweets of office , "had rendered them ravenous . So keen had the appetite for place become that they were willing to secure it , eren at the expense of a considerable alteration in " our glorious institutions . " Those who took an active part in the public agitation which preceded the
enactment of the Reform Bill as the law of the land , will remember that the co-operation of the aristocratic Whigs was never of a very hearty character , and that if it had depended upon them alone , the franchise would not have been brought down so low even as 10 / . At the last moment they endeavoured to have it fixed at 20 / ., which they represented as a compromise that would be accepted by the Tories ; and it was only by the determined and general hostility of the more honest section of the movement to the proposal , that they were induced to drop the proposition , and stand by "the Bill , the whole Bill , and nothing but the Bill . "
One of the ablest and most eloquent of the party has left on record , in the " Edinburgh Review , ' ' an exposition of the views by which it was animated—or , at all events , of the arguments which it was deemed advisable to address to the then opponents of Parliamentary Reform , which it may be useful to reproduce at the present moment . Mr . Macaulay then saw that however the Catholic Claims or the Mercantile Code might for the moment divert public attention , such was the growing and deep-rooted feeling of the nation on thesubject , that—to use his own words •—" at no very distant period all other questions will merge into that which is , in a certain
degree , connected with them aft . " The policy of the Whigs in such a crisis is thus set forth ' : " A great statesman might , by timely and "judicious reformations , by reconciling the " two groat branches of the natural aristocracy , " the capitalists and the land owners , by so " widening the base of the Government , as to " interest in its defence the whole of the " middling class—that brave , honest , and " sound-hearted class , which is aB anxious for " the maintenance of order and theteecurity " of property , as it is hostile to corruption " and oppression , succeed in averting a " struggle to which no rational friend of " liberty or of law can look forward without
" great apprehensions . There are those who " will be contented with nothing but demoli" tion , and there are those who shrink from all " repair . There are innovators who long for " a President and a National Convention ; " and there are bigots who , while cities " larger and richer than the capitals of many " great kingdoms are calling out for represen"tatives to watch over their interests , select " some hacknied jobber in Boroughs—some " Peer of the narrowest and smallest mind"asthe fittest depositary of a forfeited lran" chise . Between these extremes there lies a
more excellent way . Time is bringing round "another crisis analogous to that which oc"curred in the Seventeenth Century . We " stand in a situation similar to that in which " our ancestors stood under the reign of James "I . It will soon again be necessary to reform , ' that we may preserve ; to save the funda" mental principles of the Constitution , by alterations in the subordinate parts . It will "then be possible—as * t was possible 200
years ago—to protect vested rights—to secure every useful institution—every institu" tion endeared by antiquity and noble associ" ations—and , at the same time , to introduce "into the system improvements harmonising " with the original plan . It remains to be " seen whether 200 years have made us wiser . "We know of no great revolution which ' might not have been prevented by compro'' mise , earl y and graciously made . Firmness " is a great virtue in public affairs , but it "hasits proper sphere . Conspiracies and in" surrections in which small minorities are
en-^ gaged—the outbreakingof popular violence , " unconnected with any extensive project , or " any durable principle , are best repressed by " vigour and decision ; to shrink from them is " to make thorn formidable . But no wise " ruler will confound the pervading taint with "the slight local irritation . No wise ruler
will treat the deeply-seated discontents of a " great part y as he treats the conduct of a " mob which destroys mills and power-looms 1 neglect of this distinction has been fatal , " even to Governments strong in the power o f "the sword . The present time is , indeed , a time of peace and order , but it is at such a time that fools are most thoughtless and wise " men most thoughtful . That the discontents which
" have agitated the country during the "late and the present reign , and which , though " not always noisy , are never wholly dormant , " will again break forth with aggravated symp" toms , is almost as certain as that the tides " and seasons will follow their appointed course . " But in all movements of the human mind " which tend to great revolutions , there is a " crisis at which moderate co ncession may " amend , conciliate , and preserve . Happy " for England , if at that crisis her interests be " confided to men for whom history has not " recorded the long series of human crimes " aud follies in vain . "
We commend the whole of this passage to the attentive perusal of Mr . Macaulay ' s late colleagues who are now in power . Lord John Russell , by his Reform Bill , carried out the policy recommended , as far as the junction of the capitalists , and a section of the landowners , with the middle classes , was concerned It is clear that it was not the intentiou of the Whigs , at anytime , to admit he rentable working classes to an actual participation m the franchise . The producers of wealth , in their political system , are-and ought to conti nue-helots . The political privileges aud influence conferred by the Constitution , are-and ought to be-confined to the
possessors of wealth alone . "The maintenance of order and the security of property » not the : doing of justice between man and man , and between , 11 classes of the community , i tTJv ^ th (? y divi ( le society into ZrJ T ^* plundercr s and ^ Plundered . They give to the former all the power or £ Lt privilege ? ° y p ° ssibly « R order flu * the . property they amasa may be
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rendered secure ; but they leave the producer wholly defencele ** . For him no Constitution exists , save in the oppressive form of taxation , and obedience to laws in the making of which he has no share . That theory of Government and of Parliamentary Reform , however , has been tried , and found wanting . Its day is now over . During the twenty years that have elapsed since it was carried into practice , the injustice and the anomalies of our representative system have gradually forced themselves more prominently
upon public attention . Behind Corn Laws , Navigation Laws , New Tariffs , and all the other questions which have since occupied the attention of successive Parliaments , this great question of Parliamentary Reform has loomed , its dimensions ever attaining greater magnitude and distinctness ; and the time has now come when the Whigs must show that , for them , " history has not recorded the long series of human crimes and follies in vain , " by coming forward and making concessions that " may amend , conciliate , aud preserve . " The
" crisis , " described by their late colleague in office , has arrived . They have no longer " a mob which destroys mills and power-looms " to deal with , but "the deep-seated discontents of a great party . " To neglect making a timely and frank settlement of the claims of that party in the midst of a "time of peace and order , " will be fatal to them , or to any other Government , however " strong" they maybe "in the power of the sword . " As Lord Palmebston says , — " Opinions aremore powerful than armies .
As long as the middle classes were content with the alliance formed between thorn and the landowners and capitalists , the ruling faction in power could , with considerable chance of safety , afford to disregard the claims of the working classes . But they are no longer so contented . They have been examining the national balance sheet , and they find that it
is all against them , and in favour of their aristocratic allies . They find , year by year , taxation increasing in its burdensomeness , while competition increases in intensity , and profits diminish . They find that aristocratic idlers overspread England and the colonies like a swarm of locusts , and eat up every green thing . They find that they have no interest whatever in the maintenance of such
a state oi things , because it leads to the impoverishment of the masses , and , therefore , to the diminution of their customers . In every direction signs of the wide-spread and growing influence of these coavictions are manifesting themselves . In every quarter the reconciliation of the working and middle classes proceeds hopefully and cheerfully . The combined efforts of the aristocratic
factions , who have so long misruled us by a kind of prescriptive right , will be wholly unavailing to resist the mighty movement which is now on foot for the improvement and purification of our representative system . At Aberdeen , and Norwich , the same sentiments are uttered , —the same determination expressed . London and Manchester are of accord in the matter ; and when Mr . Kebshaw , at Stockport , denounces to his constituents the infamous
Financial system which presses the nation to the earth , his constituents respond in the same spirit . " The awful load , " says Mr . Kershaw , " under which this country is now groaning , is the result of bad government of needless and wasteful war—and of overgrown peace establishments . ' To grapple with these evils the Government must be placed in the hands of the people , instead of being vested in a small , exclusive , and aristocratic
section . The people must be full y represented in their own House , and through their representatives exercise their undoubted privilege of holding the purse strings tight . The expenditure must be made to square with the actual necessities and means of the nation , and not the interests of a dominant class ; and the laws must be of a character which will secure equal justice , and a fair chance of subsistence , to every citizen who contributes to the support of the State .
We conclude by again commending these "Signs of the Times" to the earnest and thoughtful consideration of Lord John Russell and his Cabinet . If they are not prepared to act in accordance with them , somebody else must—they must either inarch with the nation , or be marched over and trampled upon .
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of destitution than that of " work ^ I —" reserved for our enlightened age to " « a J . * as I forthattest-a Nation di ^« £ ^* fi ^ ttttSZSsfr tem for that object was eith ZT * plated or , perhaps , practicable , \ 2 ? T circumstances , the duty was delegaSTo ^ dividual tradesmen by the narkl , T ^ r m * thus arose the system of Jaunt CerS ' and ship , Pauperism , fi ^ K XE ^ creased than diminished , by this J 2 » J , * pauper apprentices were neSS ' , The fronted , in the great iiiajoS of and ® ' ' instead of receiving thaiin 1 m T *' > and culture which might h ave , 2 I ? bot % •! helpful and usefuf jnmll" ° ?*» «* - saJSPiTi ^ * a U irs i 1 mental
and i ^ e ^ Sf ^ ^ i life-long burden to £ n f ? th ™ I munity . "teniselves and the coin- 1 from th ^ Stofdu ^ ' eviIs a ™ 8 I serious charge ° anS \ 0 T ™? * * I The first ^ ention ^ n any Ji ^ 5 * " * * I pauper children S&JtSoSfc * $ I ofMortality . Thatstatute dodSdSftiS 1 greatly tend to the preservation otthe K I the infant parish poor , and bo of much Tw- I utility , " if the parish / officers Ctgfi I by law to send such infant poor for t ? I 1 maintenance and education" away frOm X ; i workhouses to a « hospital , " at a distance ? f I not less than three miles from the town T » i this provision there was the germ of a -L ^ I and rational system of treatment , which is ¦ only now beginning to be practicall y < ieTe
A considerable impetus was given to th « ^ question by the success of Mr . Aubin ' s sc w ] at Norwood , and the publication of the R » 1 ports on Pauper Training , published by the *' Poor Law Commission in 1841 . It was then *" insisted , as a fundamental proposition th-if " Education was to be regarded as one of the r ? i ^? i ^^^ I of pauperism from the
rising generation ami of securing in the minds and in tho morals of the people , the best protection for the institu tions of society . " Mr . Kay Suuttlewoi ! th has had , however , great difficulty in obtain ! ing the practical recognition of this doctrine by the Government . It was not until ]« 4 « and 1847 that Sir R . PEEL pr ™ a grant of 30 , 000 / . for the salaries of school .
masters in workhouses , and at the same time the legislature sanctioned the establishment of district schools for the teaching of pauper * In August , 184 G , immediately after Si r R Peel had retired from office , Mr . Shuttle ' worth submitted apian for the administration of the grant , and the improvement of this department . From his statement itappear 8 that there are G 00 unions in England and >\ ales , and , at least , 700 ' workhouse schools
. The annual grant of 30 , 000 * . would , therefore ' if divided among these schools , provide a smn of less than 45 / . to be divided between the master and mistress of each workhouse school in the proportion of 30 / . to the master , and 15 / . to the mistress . Mr . SnumEwoimi considered this inadequate , and recommended the grant to be raised to 45 , 000 ? ., giving an average of 40 ? . to the masterand 25 / . to the
, mistress . The whole position of the masters m these schools was , however , so peculiar , that it was suggested the cheapest and most effective plan would bo to do away with them entirely and establish district schools , in which the schoolmasters should be supreme , instead ot being subordinate , as at present , to the masters of the workhouses , and in which the business of education might be carried forward
consistently and continuousl y—undisturbed and undebased by any communication or contamination from the adult paupers One great advantage of this plan would be , that it would enable higher salaries to be given , and thus secure superior instructors . Instead of ^ l ^ Al ^ ttered away among alarge number of small hools
sc , it could then be apportioned to a smaller number of district I schools , in whic h the whole of the children requiring to be trained and educated in each district , would be collected . Another advanta ge would be , that there couJd be attached to each of these institutions a sufficient quantity ot land for theemployment of the bovs it , * J *
culture , and thus the expense of their maintenance be materiall y lessened-ifnot altogether covered . While they would thus be reducing their cost to the community , they would at thesamotimebe acquiring those industrious nabits and that attachment to a life of selfhel pful labour and exertion , which must ever Serism . ° barriei % agaiUSt siukiu S int 0
In this case—as in every other—it was first necessary to "catch your hare . " Where weie the schoolmasters to be found capable of carrying out such a plan ? A close iuvestigation , and a judiciously-managed practical examination of the existing race of pauper S w' f + ?' them t 0 be deAbly deficient oi the requisite qualifications . It was not , however , desired to produce an immediate great , and extensive chanee . but
ratner to induce the Boards of Guardians to asSent to a series of measures , by which progressive improvements might t T \ Vhole of tlie teaefim ^ ere > > therefore , passed through a series of examinations , and according to the manner in which they stood the test they were thus subjected to , they received certificates of Permission , of Probation , of Competency , and of Efficiency . A graduated scale o f salaries was
appropriated to each class , beginning with those on Permission , and runningto those who had received certificates of Efficiency at tho same time the inferior classes were ' supplied ™ th a stimulus to exertion and improvement , by having it m their power at any time to t ™ ^ Z ^ jSJMPmj * andf of course , I eStheTan
SfcSE- * " *» - ^ ot the Home Secketaky , and five Inspectors were appointed to carry it out , as part of the Mwmi VovZ ^ Sl ^^ f ^ of the tain the conclusions o thTcentalT ^ as to the best mode of distribS ^ ?* St ^ a . ^ iK ^ Sffi
With a view to the creation of a continuou * supply o competent teachers , it was resolved to establish a normal school for the trinS masters for workhouse and prison so 2 ? ^ Sf h ^ pSrst ffpii
Ed to , H t ^ * eaChCrSl Jt is als ° Pr <" Sol t - ° , * a P P scllool > » nu a eth IZ T al Ch . ildren > but se P ar ^ from each other , at an estimated expense of 5 , 000 / . each , with an area of ten acres attached to tnem respectivel y . Inthese schools the pupils a * tho normal school will receiye their practical -1 training as teachers , F .
The Northern Star. Satukday, October 37, 1849.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATUKDAY , OCTOBER 37 , 1849 .
Untitled Article
THE PORTRAIT OF KOSSUTH . Presented with the "Northern Star , " being in great demand , those who desire to possess that splendid aud correct likeness of the Hungarian chief , may be supplied on application to Mr . J . Pavey , Holywell-street , Strand . An additional supply has just been printed , to accommodate those who were disappointed on the first issue .
£O ≪2rom*P0nir Cm$»
£ o < 2 rom * p 0 nir cM $ »
Untitled Article
VOTING DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT . We have received a note explanatory of the absence of Mr . Wakley from the whole of the 219 divisions of last Session , mentioned in an article in last week ' s " Star "— " The Great Unpaid . " Mr . Wakley ' s absence , we are informed , waspurely caused b y illness of a very serious . nature— " so much so that he was unable to attend to his duties as coroner ; " and it is added— "there can be little doubt that if he had been present , he would have voted on the
side of liberality . " We have not the slightest doubt of the truth of both of these statements , and have therefore great pleasure in giving publicity to the explanation thus tendered , la the case of men like Mr . Wakley and Mr . Duncombe , who were prevented by illness from beingpresent atmore than three divisions , there is a tangible reason for absence ; while , at the same time , their earnest , protracted , and valuable services to the public in former times , entitle them to a relaxation of tho strict rule as to attendance , which ought to be generally insisted upon . Those who devote themselves
to the promotion of the public welfare , ought to bo able to calculate upon receiving public gratitude and honour . In a properly constructed representative system , such occurrences would be anticipated and provided for without detriment to the public interest , either by the provision of a temporary substitute , or the granting of an honorary position to those whose past labours and merits deserved it . i ° iT ? y regret that the P ° P ular ^ use should be deprived by illness of the active support of two such valuable public men aa both the hon . members for Finsbury .
While upon this subject , wo may correct a misprint m the article referred to . Instead of Mr . Bell , South No rthumberland , " read Messrs . Bell , " for it is a curious fact , that both of the members for that important district , were absent from every divisiou , leaving it thus practicall y voiceless in the Legislature
Untitled Article
PAUPER EDUCATION . A blue beok has just been issued , containing the" Minutes of the Committee of Council on \ Education , with A ppendices , " fov the years 1847-8-9 . It comprises an immense mass of most useful information , as to the present state I of pauper education , and the plans by Avhich it is proposed to improve , and renderitmore effective in future ; and , we believe , that a brief g anceat rts contents will be interesting as well as instructive , to our readers The case of the pauper child is presumed to , ho altogether different to that of the off spnng of the independent labourer . Who . rt ™ iru
CVLT P I : y or not , the law assumes that the Darent in tho last cas ,, i , oa ^ le of MfiS ^ ff& V duties assigned to him by the State , of vhLh theduocducafaonofhischildren constitutra not unimportant portion . But the State Sf ^ - ° ° arent t 0 ^ Pauper child , and is , therefore , bound to do all that ^ ent ffOuld ottl ™ ° Pe . n Notwithstanding the admission of £ ii fa ' however very little » to ^ £
Untitled Article
4 THE NORTHERN STAR , October 37 , 1849 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 27, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1545/page/4/
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