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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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COURT OF QUEES'S BENCH , S-&TDXDAT , JCSE 9-TEE QUSE 5 * . H'DOUAiL A 5 D OTHEBS . Mr- ~ R > tit . T ! iaa to support &ernle for arresting the JaSjonvnt on the fourth count of Una indictment , and before drawing the attention of the-Court particularly to the « oimt 5 toelf ^ h £ -w *> nld pray ibeir Lordships -wonld bear in mind what thU indictment did not charge . There "were tAbb -connts in thiB indictment , of which several -were framed for known offences of conspiracy , and several in respect of riotous and tuBmltnons asssmfclies ; bnt this count "was neither for conspiracy nor i&nn&aous assembling . The third count -was identical ¦ with the fourth , -with the exception that , instead of Purging the-mere aiding and abetting , it charged the did to aid and abet The
dt ^ endRcta conspire . worth conDtTrasnet framed for any offence that had a name in respect of -which any precedent tras to be found . He need not draw attention to the ngbt the defendants had to insist upon Ibe prosecntor putting forward a charge of a known crime to which the defendants were accessory . The indictment was framed upon the principle of charging in the earlier part that some other perjcns as principal offenders -were guilty of a-principal offence "whereof the defendants were accessories before ibe-r&et by aiding and abetting . He -was to submit that , dividing'this indictment into two parts , there was no offence charged in the first branch of the indictment ; and the latter branch of the indictment ; imputing that fi » defendants -were accessories , vraa not scffident to
establish that offence . The first part of the indictment charged no principle offence ; it was not a charge of conspiracy , nor -was there a charge of riotously as sembling . The description siren was , "that diversevil-disposed persons unla'wf oily and , tnmnltnonsly asssmbled together . " If that did not constitute an IndictaWe offence , he -warat a Ins to know how the introducing several steps In the indictment could form yn offence- The defendants could sot be found guilty of riotonsly assembling . It was an essential that three or mere should be charged , because the essence of the offence -was , numbers should be assembled . { Co . Idtt , 176 ; ITsntm , 251 ; Sslkeld , 934 } It-was essential fhzl the purpose of the assembling-was to disturb the peace , or that the indictment should hare gone on to shew some act , done in common by ths parties assembled , -which in itself -would constitute a rioi , or breaking ths peace ; but it "was consistent "with die present
indictment that they might have assembled for the purpose of iesfriity or electioneering , -which -were legal assemblies , and the mere adding the -word " unla-wfal " Troald not make the indietment geod . The first step therefore did not ahow that the assembling -was for the purpose of breaking the peace . The second step ¦ was , that bj violence , threats , and intimidation , dirers other persons , being peaceable subjects of the realm , ¦ were incited to leave their occupations and employmeats , and thereby labour -was impeded . Was there to ~ be found in that statement anything -which ., taken by Itself , wonld constitute an Indictable offence ? The result -was so part of the offence . The mere impeding labour was not an indictable offence . The nearest offence lo this wonld be that of assault ; bnt it would be idle to say that a party conld be convicted of an assault by cxtcnmlocotion , Each as "was to be found in this indictment .
Mr . Justice WnJJxKS . —If persons assembled together , and by acts of violence impeded labour , that wonld be an indictable offence , -would it not ? Mt r > * Tg said bis Lordship had introduced acts of violence ; the count did sot charge acts of violence . The prosecutors had abstained from charging that the divers persons so assembled had done an act ¦ which "Weald have brought them -within the reach of the fTHTrirt » 3 lav . The reaidne of the first branch dearly did sot constitute as indictable offence by saying that they thereby impeded labour , because that -was merely the result . They ought to have been charged -with an offence of a known same . Those who made the charge ought to have kept - * I £ hin the inown principles cl the rrt "" Tiai law . The count -was bad on the ground that
it did not appear-where these divers persons were assembled . There -was a point of a Elinor description , -which was that the diven personB 'who -were the principal offenders were neither named nor stated to be unknown ; and in support of this argument the Learned ConnBel died the ease of "The King v . Caspar , * ' 2 Moody ' s Criminal Cases , 101 . If the party ¦ was not known , it should hsve been so stated in the indictment "With respect to the accessaries sot bang properly charged , it -was said they -ware accessories after the fact , but it did set appear that they -were present , nor that they knew -what -was going on , but it -was consistent -with the indictment that they might merely have subscribed money for the snpport of parties during the fime they ceased to labour . Unless the parties -were shows to have been present , it ought to be shows that
they bad a knowledge of -what -was gomg on . In the 31 st voL of the Stale . Trials , page 1 , the parties ¦ were alleged to have sided persons -who -were unknown . Another objection -was , that if thB parties were charged with being accessories before Hie fact , there would appear to be a substantial offence , but then they -would be charged-with being accessories to an offence -which fiid not appear to have ever existed . They-were charged ¦ wiCh aiding asd abetting the divera evil-dispoaed persons to continue and persist is the said unlawful assemblies . He-was dealing -with the case upon the supposition that it vras intended to say that divera persons * had been guilty cf an offence , asd that the defendants -were accessories ; then the indietment contained no charge that the crime of the principal offender ever was committed .
Mr . Justice Pattesos said , it -was difficult to think how a Tram € ould * sid and assist in doing a tiring tttiIpeh it wag done , but it-mi ^ ht be aiding to do a thing-whi ch "Waa intended to be done . Mr . Ert / e said , a person might supply gunpowder to a ship-vhen so gaa -was fired . Where there -were known offences these offences ought to be stated . It vras sot aiding asd abetting in as attempt to commit a Busdemeanour . Where an , attempt "was charged , there must be an act dose by the defendants -which -would be part of the offence supposing it should be committed . Supposing a pistol to be charged by a person -who intended to commit a murder , but afterwards changed his mind , the loading the pistol would sot bean offence , because there vrasso breach of the lair—the intention Tiimw "was not criminal .
"Mr . Justice "Patxesos said there -was % case some years ago "where a man-went to an engraver in Hie Strand , asd -wished him to make a plate for the purpose of committing a forgery on the Norwegian Government j it -was held that the man was indictable—he was indicted ioi soliciting . Mr . Ebxx replied , that here the case was different ; the defendants -were sot indicted for soliciting , nor was it an indictment for an attempt to commit a misdemeanour . The indietment did sot show that they toek any part in impeding labour ; there "was no act done by the defendants . He submitted that the generality of this moictmant made it bad , it was too indefinite ; it was so devoid of all particulars , that the defendants had sot that reasonable information as to what they were
called Tipon to answer , to which all indicted persons were by the &w of England entitled . There never was an indictment more bare is specifying ssy particulars the -words were " diven persons , at divera times , at divers places . ** To -what part « f England eonld the attention of the parties be directed ? who were the principal offenders ? where were they , what was the time , west was the offence ? Every election mob , every hoty-day assembly , every festive meeting , might come under the denomination of tumultuous assembling . 33 ie defendantsTrere sot supposed to bt > jointly guilty of anyone of the acts charged , for these bad been laid is Hie indictment as several asd distinct , vet
thiB only furnished an additional reason why the count sew sought to be overturned should have been rendered more accurate and specific is its language . Among many other cases upon conspiracies , those of " the Queen c Tonls , " 5 Carr , and Payne , and " the Kfng v . Sea-worth , " 1 Adslphns and EDis , were authorities to show the in&sabcQity of the "Courts in regarding * ' generality " as fatal to an indictment . Upon these authorities , as well as upon the loose and vague wording-of the count , he contended that-it was opposed to the spirit and rules of the law with reference to indictments , and must therefore be held by their Lordships as . insufficient and bad .
Mi . Drsi > AS followed on the same side . It appeared to him that ths charge intended £ b be set up against the " principal offenders" was that of a riot . At least , if it were set-so , it amounted te nothing of which he knew is criminal law , or of which the criminal courts could take cognizance . Assuming that it -was ss , their lordships would sold is view , that as it required at least three persons to constitute a riotous assembly , it oughtto appear upon the indictment that the principal offenders amounted to or exceeded that number . The names of these parties , if ksown , should have bees stated , or ^ if otherwise , they should have bees mentioned as '*• unknown . " In nose of these respects , however , did ths indictment comply with the rules of law . The number of principal Offenders mentioned therein might have bees two ss well as three , and
neither were thdr names gives , sot were ftbey said to be " -unknown . " It had been argued by his Learned Ftiena IMr . Ede ) that the fourth count was bad , and insufficient to charge ths defendants with being accessories before the fact , inasmnchaa it contained nothing wiicb conld be construed as words of " " solicitation . " To this ns would osly add , that as a sew order of words had been-used , without any reason assigned for changing the old , the former must be rejected by their Lordships , lie , however , maintained , that it was competent -for him , because equally consistent with the terms ©! iheindictHujnt , to legard It as chargingthe defendants with being aw ***^^ sfter the fact The defendants could sot be regarded as aiders and abettors , sinoe the count * is cuestios
contained so words to show that they -were present at tia tinw « f the offence committed . Neither , in the absence of teems of "Bolkatsttos , could they be regarded as acewntira before the fact Even , however , on the hypothesis that the defendants were sought to be eharged ^ as accsssariesaftar the fact , the fourth count could sot stand , since it did sot appear thsreby that the defendants >» fl ssy * ' knowledge" of the guilty act which had previously oecuned- This was an averment which Jhe law required in ( gxtomstaoces of the kind , and ^ whieh the indictment did sot supply . ThaAttor sey-Cheseral , on thB farmer argument , had endeavoured to j » tch np aw-iefoct iyappeftliog J » "Hansard ' s eB * e , - bntftffe a grmtyksowledge had been charged Ihe iadietaient , mor 8 Ovejv ^ ent ainBd so allegation of
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the means used by the defendants , as it ought by the raws of law to have done . Is conclusion , he would put it to their Lordships from the numerous authorities laid down upon the subject , that the' defendants conld not be considered aiders and abettors , inasmuch as the indietment contained so allegation of their " presence " during the time of the acts committed ; that they could not be regarded as accessories before ) the fact , because the count contained so words of " solicitation , ' nor yet as accessories after the fact , as there was no averment of "knowledge . " And that , therefore , the fourth count must be held by their Lordships to be had in law . k
Mr . BaINXS next took up the argument by reminding their Lordships that it could net be said that the statute of George IT . healed the errors that had been pointed out is the indictment ; and with out such as interposition the common la ? could of itself apply no remedy . The points that had been raised upon the argument came before their Lordships in precisely the same light and with the same force ss if they had Ibeen presented to them upon demurrer . An indictment had been defined is Lord Hale ' B Pleas of 1 he Crown , and is a case reported hi page 862 of Cooper ' s Reports , but the count in question was totally at variance with the nature of an indictment as pointed out by these definitions . That count could sot , in the first place , be maintained ss one charging a conspiracy for the principal offence , inasmuch
as it would be bad for " generality . " { It was true that greater generality had been allowed { in an indictment for a conspiracy or a nuisance teas fox any otber form o offence , but the indulgence had bees ; strictly confined to these , asd could sot be very far dispensed with even is them , much lesB extended to an indictment for aiding and abetting the malpractices of others . Even , however , upon the supposition that the " principal offence" charged in the present instance was a conspiracy , the fourth count must be considered insufficient from the uncertainties—firstly , as to the present conspiring ; and secondly , ss to the persons conspired sgainst . No names were gives for any of the principal offenders , nor , was it even mentioned that they were persons " unknown . " And the same objection held
true with regard to those who were stated to have bees obstructed by the conspirators in their work . As to person , time , and place , the count was equally vague and loose in its allegations , and , in his ( Mr . Balnea ' s ) opinion , should be held insufficient He maintained , however , that it was bad also on the ground of " mnltifanoussess , " as charging the defendants with aiding and abetting the principal offenders in a number of separate individual and unconnected acts , which differing in time , place , and performers , otghfc to have been distinctly charged . The law on this point had bees stated in the ease of " the King v . Roberts , ** is 4 Modern , page 201 , and to that ) he referred their Lordships . Another ebjection to the fourth count was to be found in the fact , that it contained no allegation of , or reference to , the means and manner by which the defendants had committed their offence . In ss
indictment upon cursing and swearing , and upon a threatening letter , the Court held that the eaths used in tiie one instance and the letter in the other ought to have bees specially set forth , in order that they might themselves judge from the record whether the offence complained of was indictable ; and the principle that where an offence had been committed the means and manner of its accomplishment ought to be averred had been long thoroughly . established . It might , perhaps , be argued that a necessity of the kind in instances of the present sort would ; render pleadings interminable , bat that ought to have been remedied , not by as infraction of the rule of law , but by altering the form of the offence , and proceeding on the ground of a conspiracy . On these grounds , in addition to those already advanced by his Learned Friends , Ms . Duudas and Mr , Erie , he submitted that their Lordships ought to hold the fourth count insufficient in law .
Sir . Serjeant Mttrpht cvse next , and after some remarks on the absence of any averment of intent on the part of the defendants , proceeded to draw their Lordships'" attention to the infraction in the fourth count of the rule of law , that where' as offence in its nature accessorial was complained sf , a statement of " knowledge" was indispensable . Sir W . Follett had on this point quoted the authority of " The King v . Tuller , * as as asswer to the objection taken , but in that case the word " advisedly" had been used , which had bees held to supply the defect , while here so substitution had been attempted . With reference to the argument of his learned friend Mr . Earle as to the absence of words of " solicitation" in the fourth count , he ( Mr . Serjeant Murphy ) was desirous of pointing out
to their Lordships the reasons why the w » Td " encouraged , " which occurred is the count ; conld sot be held to cure the mistake . " Encouragement '' and " solicitation" were two very different things , and must not be regarded as sysonimous . If they took the case of false pretences , let it be a substantial indictment , that A . B . encouraged G . D to obtain money by false pretences ; he submitted that would sot be a good indictment The party must sec out the-chief offence , is order that the Court might judge whether it was unlawful : it was for the Court , sot the prosecutor , to determine as to its illegality ; asd if it was not completely set out , how conld the Court form an opinion ? The intent was so imperfectly stated that it was impossible to say which of the parties had dene as unlawful act
Mr . Bodkih said the Count could not be supported , on the gronsd of its uncertainty in the description of the offence . If it could be imputed ; to the principal offender or to the party inciting , the grand jury might decide on one state of facts , and the petit jury on anetber . The words were so vague , that it might be said the parties had written letters to Incite to as act to to be committed , or that the meetings having ceased , the defendants slight have rendered' the parties support and assistance after the fact had been committed . Mr . Athebton submitted that for the reasons which had bees urged this const was bad , as it did sot aver that the defendant ! had been guilty of asy offence knows to the law ; or that if the offence was known , it was so obscure that so judgment ought to be passed upon it The names of the principals ought to be given , or it ought to be stated that they were unknown .
Mr . Justice Colebidge said , if ten regiments of infantry had beeu engaged , of what use would it have been to save covered sheets of parchment with stating their name * , or how would it ' have served the parties to have said they were unknown ? Mr . Athebtob said that was an extreme case , but according to tile rules laid down in the books , it appeared to be necessary either that the names should be stated , or that it should be stated that the numbers were excessive . Lord Desmak . —We will take time to consider the matter .
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OB 3 EP . TATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE ENGLISH PEOPLE , AND MORE ESPECIALLY TO ENGLISH MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT , ON THE STATE OF IRELAND . At this time , when the condition of Ireland assumes so important a place in the attention of the British public—when , on the one band , measures of a character subversive of political liberty are in progress of beisg passed by tee legislature , and , on the otber hand , the great body of the people of Ireland are proclaiming , as with one voice , the injustice of England , it appears to me to be very desirable that the peculiar circumstances in the condition of the Irish people , which give cause for this position of tilings , should be more fully understood than I believe 'they are at present ;
Not only the outrages , but the discontents , of the people of Ireland proceed from the wretchedness of their condition , as existing generally' over three provinces , and partially over the fourth ; and if it be asked what produces this wretchedness ? \ I nnhesitatingly answer , the oppression and bad systems of landlords , which are no less injurious to themselves than to their tenants ; asd to these there has of late yean been added the desire ef exterminating the small holders from tiie lands of Ireland . It is hard for Englishmen to conceive how it is possible that any body of men should be so completely blinded to their own interests as to induce them to act as the landlords of Ireland have acted . It iB therefore uisef ul to call to mind the original circumstances of the connection of landlord and tenant in that country .
It arose from the repeated wan which occurred in Ireland , in consequence of rebellions against the British power , that all the lands , with very ! few exceptions , have been at different times forfeited , and have changed hands , in many cases even three times over . The natural result was , that those who got these lands felt so security is the property so obtained , and their object consequently was to levy the greatest possible revenue is the shortest possible tame , without any respect to the consequences of such proceedings on the future or permanent condition of the people ; and , in addition to this , a source of hostility existed between the people and toe landlords , derived from the circumstances of cod Quest , and difference of race and religion . From these causes , the connection commenced in a spirit of mutual hatred , asd has continued so . The landlords had the powtr to indulge unrestrained their desire to
oppress asd exact , because so counteracting responsibility was created by a system of Poor Laws , or by any other measures—but the reverse , the most dire system of laws was passed to supply the meanB of oppression . Thus passion , prejudice , asd temporary self-interest created a system of action which has uniformly continued , asd has exhibited itself is the most reckless and cruel rapacity . This produced the various modes of TTmnnging lands for the ^ purposes of extortion , to which I havft referred on different occasions in Parliament , and which are minutely detailed in various reports of both Souses of the Legislature . From hence arose the system of middlemen , joint tenancy , conacre , letting the lands to the occupier fwithont
buildings or improvements , or any allowance for the same ; asd all the excessive provisions in the form of distraint and ejectment for the recovery and extorting of rent which distinguish the Irish law of landlord asd tenant Thus , the occupiers of the land -were ledneed to extreme poverty , without the opportunity of subsisting themselves h > , the produce of their labour in any way ; without education , without agricultural knowledge , asd deprived , by repeated distraints , of their stock , and of all mean * of beneficially working their holdings , they have bees resdered incapable of paying that amount of rentjwhich the quavj v t ^* r lana 8 "wonM otherwise easily yield , and which those small holders , under a proper lyrtem of
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management , would have been perfectly competent to pay . Such being the state of things to which the people were reduced , the landlords found that some remedy must be adopted , in order to obtain a fair return from their lands . Did they then attempt to better the condition of pqor people , by aiding their industry and promoting their power of improvement ? No such thing . Extermination was the decree of the landlords of Ireland by a kind « f general consent , and several concomitant causes gave an increased impulse to that system of action . 1 st The abolition of the 40 s . county franchise , ^ the Emancipation Bill of 1829 , rendered consolidation necessary in order to produce a new £ 10 franchise . / This was the first step in the exterminating system : hut then , again , the £ 10 voters rejected the landlords ' supremacy ; they wonld sot be his political servants : this produced a second act of the exterminating drama : It was deemed inexpedient to create £ 10
voters , it was said the franchise must be placed in Ittss numerous and more obedient hands , and for this reason , whesever ; leases dropped , the consolidation principle became the rule of action in a still more extended degree . Again , a third impulse was given to this system by the nature of the Poor Law Act passed for Ireland . As this act contained no prevision of settlement , the ] poor man , when ejected from his lands , had no right to claim relief at the place of his birth , or former residence ; therefore it became the object of landlords and farmers to drive away the poor , In order to guard against taxation for their support in their respective dlatricta , especially ss the enactment of some settlement' clause was looked forward to as a probable addition to the act at no distant period . Thus the Poor Relief Bill has , is this respect , had the indirect effect of greatly aggravating the miseries of the poor of Ireland , by driving' them off the lands , without any concurrent measure to promote their employment '
The foregoing brief history of landlord and tenant transactions in Ireland I have given as a prelude to the following proofs of the action of the exterminating system now in operation . Various statements have been made ; at different times in the newspapers of the proceeding of particular landlords and agents . They are all met by statements of these landlords and agents , each saying . ** It iB not I who have done these things . " I shall not sow enter into individual charges , but I will show from facts , authenticated by parliamentary documents , that a dreadful and heartless persecution is asd has been going os upon the part of the landlords of Ireland : against the small holders . I say the budlords of Ireland as a body—at the same time I admit that there are many distinguished and most honourable
exceptions . There are two returns from which I shall take these : facts . In the second supplement to Appendices D . E . F ., of the Irish Poor Inquiry Commissioners , a return is ^ given of the civil bill ejectments at Court of Quarter Sessions in Ireland for seven years , from 1 S 2 7 to 1833 , Both years inclusive . This return gives the names of plaintiffs and the nnmber of defendants , and various ether particulars ; but this report has returns from only ' nineteen counties out of thirty-two , the whole number of counties in Ireland . There is another return made this year to Parliament for five years , from 1838 , t © 1842 , both inclusive . This return gives the number of ejectments for all the counties of Ireland , but does net give the names of plaintiffs or number of defendants . It lies in manuscript in the library of
the House of Commons , not having been ordered for printing . It appears by the last mentioned return that the nnmber of Civil BUI ejectments entered for the five years terminating with 1842 were 28 . 559 being at the average rate of 5 . 712 yearly ; but this only gives the number of ejectments entered—it does not show the number of persons served os each ejectment . By a reference to a former return it will be found that each entry comprehended in many cases a large number of occupants , even so many as forty . This arises from the nature of the letting of landB in Ireland in sub-tenancy and co-partnership . By that return the ejeetment entries for nineteen counties Inseven years were 23 , 425 , but the defendants amounted to 31 . 007 , being in the proportion of about 2 A to the
entries . If , then , we assume this proportion as a guide in referring to the late return , the number of entries being 28 , 559 , the nnmber of defendants would be 71 , 397 . Each of these defendants is a separate occupier , asd probably head ef a family ; taking the families at the usual average of five beads—( he total number of population against whom tjeclment proceedings have been , taken trou / d amount to 356 985 souls in the Jive I / ears , being at the average rate each year of 14 , 339 families , comprehending 71 , 397 heads of population But I can show farther , that this extermination is going on in a rapidly increasing ratio . By the first report the number of ejectment cases in the nineteen counties are 13 , 425 , being at the rate of 706 for each county . At the same rate , the nnmber for the
thirteen omitted counties would be 9 , 178 , making a total of 22 , 603 for seven years , or on the average 3 , 229 entries yearly . But the average of five years , given in the last return , wonld be 5 . 712 each year , showing & yearly increase of 2 , 483 cases on the average , or an increase of very little less than one-half Id nine years ; or , in other words , the average of five years , ending in 1842 , is nearly ene-third greater than the average ot seven years , ending in 2833 , It may be attempted to meet my statement by the allegation that these entries were all decreed . It matters not—the entries show the animus of the landlords ; ana
the presumption is , that the persons named were driven out by some other means ; and undoubtedly large numbers have been expelled , against whom no legal process had been taken . There is another fact which appears from the first return , that in the great majority of cases no rent is charged as being due—the ejectments are brought for what is termed overholdingas , for example , the county of Donegal . The nnmbei' of ejectments entered in the seven yeais included in that return were * 797 is that county , and in only 137 cases is rent charged as due ; asd in that county the yearly average of entries has risen , sicce 1833 , from 111 to 246 , considerably more than double .
Now , gentlemen , asd people of England , such is a true , and as I think you will feel from the facts I have stated , incontrovertible statement of the landlord and tenancy condition of the people of Ireland . This state of things has tempted the people to form illegal associations , and to do violent , illegal , and cruel acts to protect themselves from this exterminating system ; they feel that the laws and the institutions give them no protection ; they therefore make a law for themselves and appoint their own executioners to carry out their judgments : they are in a state of desperation ; they feel that they must either hold their land or die the miserable though not instant death of starvation ; and this state of things also produces the desire for political change . A people so oppressed and distressed grasp at the proposition of any change , because they are = in such a deplorable condition tbat no change can make them worse . To meet such evils as these what would be the obvious course ?
would it sot be to propose such amendments of the law of landlord and tenant as would give the occupUr some protection against thU heartless extermination ? A power of claiming value for improvements , er a renewal of tenure as a s » t-eff against notice of ejectment , has been repeatedly suggested ; the powers of distraint sheuld also be limited within just bounds , and in conjunction with these amendments of the law of landlord and tenant , the Poor Law should be made to aet effectively against the exterminating process ; a power should be given by which , in case ejected tenants were admitted as objects of public relief , the expenses of such relief shonld be chargeable to a certain extent upon the ejecting landlord ; and also in cases wherein tbe rent paid by any tenant exceeded , in a certain proportion , the rent by valuation . If such tenants should be supported from the rates , the expense of such relief should be chargeable on the immediate lessor and levied in both cases by giving powers to the commissioners , in ease of non-payment , to enter into the receipt of tbe rents .
I unhesitatingly assert my belief that such measures as these would operate as a charm in ameliorating the condition , and removing the discontents of the people ; various otber useful measures have been suggested for promoting Improvement and employment ( see report os public works , 1835 ; and the reports of the Poor Law Inquiry Commissioners , &c ., &o But instead of such measures as these , what are the propositions of tbe Government ? Do they propose to increase the responsibility of the landlords ? They propose exactly the reverse . They bring in a New Poor Law Bill , the changes made by which are to increase the power asd to diminish the responsibility of the landlords ; and they do this with a knowledge ( or else they are guilty of unpardonable ignorance ) that a cruel extermination is in progress by the landlords , amounting , as I have shown , to the extent of upwards of seventy-one thousand heads of ihe population aunu . allv .
The second measure the Government proposes is an Arms Registry Bill . The nature and character of this bill is fnlly before the public There might be some apology , if it were aaid , we want this bill to protect life , till other measures of remedy Bhall come into action ; butjthey do not say this . I purposely put the question on a late occasion to the Government ; the answer clearly showed that no other measures were intended—that the whole reliance was on the Arms Bill . Then I ask Englishmen to consider , first , Will this Arms Bill remedy the evils I have laid before you ? You cannot say it will . Secondly-:- Will it prevent outrages asd murder ? Can you believe that those who have formed thiB agrarian erganizatioawill sot contrive to secrete arms , or else to rob arms from those who have registered them , in order to carry into execution their objects ; or in case of wanting anna , that the bludgeon would not be resorted to , or other practices still more dreadful ?
Thirdly—If this bill does not operate effectually in taking away the means of outrage , will it not by its offensive provisions increase the spirit of outrage ? Fourthlv-fl ask you , is it right , isit politic * to coneede such a bill as this to a government who seek it as the only remedy for evila which yon know this bill cannot remedy , and thus give that government a plea to avoid the consideration of more substantial measure * of amelioration ? * I hear it ; continually alleged by Englishmen , that they cannot understand the grievances of Ireland , or what remedies ess be applied , 1 hear this constantly —I read it in the articles of the public press . I have therefore endeavoured , is these obserrations , as briefly as possible , to point out a few of the practical evils , and suggest ' a few of the practical remedies . I think so one can dispute that I have pointed out grievances ; let those who disapprove of my remedies , suggest
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better ones if they can , I have carefully abstained from the mention of political grievances , or saying one word indicative of predeliction . I do not wish to attach blame to this Government greater than to other preceding ; Governments ; practical measures of improvement have been neglected by all alike , and I am free to acknowledge that , in the report I have referred to in 1833 , the Whig landlords assume fully as conspicuous a figure in the exterminating warfare as the Tory landlords . ; . » Such ia the condition of the Irish . people . They impute their suffering—npt to what I believe to be its true cause , namely , the imperfect representation of the people , in the Imperial Parliamentand consequent
, bad legislation and bad government over the whole empire—but to the alleged evil intentions of the British nation towards Ireland , and they desire to protect tkemselves from that cause of evil by a repeal of the uniun . Now I would call upon the legislators of Eugiasd , both Lords and Commons , to reflect upon th 6 consequences of their present proceedings . If they pass such measures as the Arms Bill for the coercion of the Irish people , and no measures for their protection tor improvement , are they not adding power and permanence to the repeal agitation , by proving themselves incompetent , or . else unwilling , to legislate either justly or beneficially for that country | 1 William Shaeman Crawford . London , June 7 , 1843 .
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him . ( Laughter | I remember that a friend of mine was once coughing all night , and when the doctor came to him in the morning , be said to him , ' I think you cough eaaler ttian yon did before . " ?• It is no wonder I should , " said he , " for I have been practising all night . " ( Loud ) laughter . ) It was the same way with Sir Robert Peel ; he had been practising so long , that it came quite easy to him to tell the lie . ( Continued laughter . ) It came out with more facility frem him because be bad been practising the entire of the preceding day andfeveuing . The lie be told was this—he said that the Queen would oppose the Repeal to tbe uttermost , whereas she said no such thing . His conduct , accordingito the newspaper reports , was traitorous to the Queen , besides being untrue ; and I have it from
the highest authority , short of the Queen herself , and I am told that jshe sent Peel away when he next came to her with a flea in his ear . ( Loud laughter , and cheers . ) What was the next step ? Up comes Chancellor Sugden . —( groans-ij ^ What an sgly name the fellow has . ( laughter . ) This Chnnceller Sigden issues out a letter striking us off tbe commission of the peace . Only think what a degraded man I am , deprived of the commission of Ihe peace—but what a great deal 1 * care for either it or him . ( Cheers . ) But if I have been degraded it Wa in very good company . I have with mo an excellent young friend of mine—our chairmanthe son of your old and faithful representative , Colonel Butler , and who will himself be yet your representative .
( Cheering . ) I thank you for anticipating me ; but tbe moment it is not bis father's convenience to represent the county of Kilkenny I would be glad to see the man who would attempt to interfere with his election . He possesses all tta ! e qualities of the truly noble bouse of Mountgarret ; and many and many a Mountgarret has died on the scaffold , or fighting in the field for Ireland . Yes , and ! the Mountgarrets of the present day would , if necessary , be ready to follow their example—( cheers ) . Tbe commission of the peace was also taken from Col . Butler , from Lord Ffrench , from Sir Michael Dillon Bellew , and from D . O'Connell , and other vagobonds —( laughter ) . This Sugden—the pig with the ugly name —( laughter , )—who took away tbe commission of the peace from us—is a lawyer , apd has made an enormous
fortune by the law , but yet he does net understand tbe law ; for he says that it is unconstitutional to attend meetings , while ] he himself publishes an alleged speech of tbe Queen , and attributes to her tbe unconstitutional language uttered by the Prime Minister . Bat they have sent over | 36 , 000 artillery , cavalry , infantry , and marines here , and I am very glad of it , for they will spend 36 , 000 shillings every day while they remain in this country—( cheers ) . It would be a kind of little Repeal of tbe Union in itself —( a Iaugb ) Toe Queen ' s army is the best in the world , and the class of sergeants tbat it contains is the most educated in existence , and I trust that the day will come when all the sergeants will be in a fair way of becoming commissioned officers—( hear , hear , and loud cheers ) . Tbsy
also sent over the navy , and all the old women of Kingston were frightened the other morning by the firing of cannon from six or seven ships in the harbour on the arrival ofj the admiral . But do you know what they are going to do ? The admiral is coming down the Grand Canal-in the heavy boat to examine all turfboats , and look into their potato lockers to try if they have any hidden ' cannon on board . It is really a fact , and he is this very day at Monastereven . A lieutenant of the navy has { been sent by the fly-boat on the Royal Canal , to find out what became of the army of 15 , 000 men that tbe Right Rev . Dr . Higgins had had in his back parlour . Mr . O'Connell then proceeded to describe at much length Ihe benefits that would be conferred on tbe country by Repeal , and then referred to the moral and physical superiority of the Irish race over every other * people is the world . He then
continued—Onr petitions will go before her Majesty , for she alone is able to Repeal the Union , by her prerogative . She can , I repeat , restore the Irish Parliament ; it is not dead— it only sleeps . There is a torpor —an incubus overriding ; but the vitality of the heart remains . Grattaa said he watched over the cradle of Irish liberty , and saw her liberties inhearsed , and followed her to thej grave . I assert that she is sot deadshe only sleeps ; i and here am I sounding the trumpet for her resurrection—( cheers ) . What a day it will be when Mr . Pierce' Somerset Butler is setting out in procession to go tor the Parliament that will be sitting in College Green . ( Irishmen , your country shall sot be enslaved . Tbe Repeal of tbe Union is approaching ! From this spot ij proclaim to you liberty and prosperity to Old Ireland—( loud and continued cheering ) .. After passing some other resolutions , the meeting separated In the most orderly manner .
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Meeting of King ' s Count ? MagistraIf- ! t Parsontown on Friday last , convened by the Eari # Rosse , in consequence of the atrocious murder of ar GatchelL His Lordship was furnished with a cot >» nV the Arms Bill , which he read for the meeting ani which was unanimously approved of . A committee »» formed to watch over the new registry of fire-ann *«? quarter sessions > and to prevent in every way amT «^ ting into the hands of the peasantry of the Kini * " County . Resolutions and subscriptions were entered into to co-operate with , and assist government fa tni ! tecting witnesses . It was deemed unnecssary , or gmf rerogatory , to enter into any reward for the apprehim " Bion of the murderers of Mr . Gatchell , there befa " already persons committed to abide their trials for th » f crime , lest it might affect the pending trials . His Lom ship entered his name for the sum of £ 100 , and befoh * the meeting separated there was £ 400 subscribed .- !! Nenagh Guardian . """
Mr . O'Conell in Mallow .- —The Catholic clern men of Mallow and surrounding districts have been cautioning their congregations for tbe last three weeh not to break a single branch eff any tree for the proces sion without the consent of the owners . —Cork Reporter National Education . —Repeal . —We have been informed that the Commissioners of the National Edn . cation Board have dismissed one of their teachers who was in attendance upon the training school in Dablin . he having spoken at and taken an active put in » Repeal meeting in tbe county of Louth , p revious to bid entering upon bis course of educational preparation in the Dablin model school . —Smnders . Government Reward . —Is the Gazette of Tuesday a reward ot £ 100 is offered by Government for the con . viction of the party or parties who are represented aj having , on the night of the 2 nd instant , fired at John Burke , Esq ., J . P . of Fintrim , co . G&lwayf as he « u passing through his hall .
New Stipendiary Magistrate . —The Lord jj . tenant , we are told , has appointed Mr . Pilsworth Whelan a stipendiary magistrate for Sligo . Thosewho haves ™ recollection of Carlow politics cannot be at anylositj know the nature aud extent of this gentleman ' s qualia cations . —Freeman . Preparations for War . —The Limerick Chmidt states that Captain Fry , K . & .., Bararckmaster of v ^ t district , is gone to visit the fortresses on the Iowa Shanaon , to provide accommodation for parties ot tfc 9 36 th regiment who detach to the batteries of Kilos dane , Donaha , Kilkeran , and Carrig Island , u a reinforcement to tbe artillery force on these at&tiont A non-commissioned officer ' s party of tbe 36 th ia now attached to each fortress .
Calling in the Absentees . —Lieutenants of Counties have received orders to repair to their reaped tiv « districts , to co-operate with government and tbe local authorities in th « preservation of the public peace . —Limerick Chronicle . Lots of Supebsedeases . —The Lord Chancellor has been advised to address a circular to every individual magistrate in Ireland , demanding a categorical answer to the question of his being a Repealer or not , it being the determination of Government to leave no magistrate in tbe Commission of the Peace who is not of the same opinion and determination of her Majesty and the Privy . Council on tbe impolicy and danger of such a movement . —Limerick Chronicle .
Refusal of Magistrates to act . —Sub-Inspector Fitzsimon and his party were severely maltreated at the fair of Molahiffe , Kerry , and one policemsa got his head fractured . Magistrates were previously called on to attend the fair , but declined . —Limerick Chronicle . The Drogheda Magistrates and the Iobd Chancellor . —Patrick Teruan and Thomas Ennis , Esqrs ., of Drogheda , feeling that to retain their com mission as magistrates could only degrade them , by debarring them from the free exercise of their right to meet with their fellow-countrymen for the legal and constitutional purpose of petitioning for the repeal of an Act of Parliament , have resigned their coo . missions into the hands of the Chancellor . —Drogheda Argus .
More Resignations—The following gentlemen have been superseded at their own request : —William J . Finn , Esq ., formerly M . P ., for Kilkenny eountj ; George Comyn , Esq ., Woodstock , county of Gal way ; John Power , Esq ., Garteen , late M . P ., for Waterford county ; Jobs H . Talbut , Esq ., Ballytrent , county Wexford ; and R . A . Fitzgerald , Esq ., Muekridge House , county Cork . Mr . Joseph Myxes Mac Donnell , Doo Castle , county Mayo , has been removed from tbe eommisefon because he attended & repeal meeting . Mr . MacDonnell has already expressed bis sentiments on this act of deprivation .
The Lord Chancellor has accepted the resignation of Mr . W . S . O'Brien , M . P ., as a magistrate for Clare and Limerick .
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IRISHMEN IN OFFICE . In reference to the appointment of Englishmen and Scotchmen to Irish offices , the Times bad an impudent article which we intended to notice ; but the Mail bas something to hand so pithily and pointedly done , that we must borrow from our cotemporary whose observations , we hope , will circulate with good effect among his Tory readers : — We need uot persevere in re-stating our own crude views , opposed as they evidently are to those of a " heaven-born minister ; " but we may just mention that—The Archbishop of Dablin is an Englishman . The Chief Administrator of the Irish Poor Law ia an Englishman . The Paymaster of Irish Civil Services is a Scotchman . Ttie Chief Commsisioner of Irish Publio Works is
an Englishman . The " Teller" of the Irish Exchequer is an Englishman . The Chief Officer of the Irish Constabulary is i Scotchman . The Chief Officer of the Irish Post-office is an Englishman . The Collector of Excise is a Scotchman . The head of the Revenue Police is an Englishman The second in command is a Scotchman . The persons employed in the collection of the customs , &c ., are English and Scotch—in the proportion of thirty-five to one .
But the Times may perhaps observe , " True , 'but all this is only the elucidation of our plan for unbarring the gates of preferment unsparingly , impartially and honestly . " Scotchmen and Englishmen are placed in office in Ireland , and Irishmen in return in Scotland and England , in order to draw closer the bonds of union between the three united nations . Again let us see how facts actually stand . There are— , Cabinet Ministers—Englishmen , 10 . Scotchmen , 3 . Irishmen , 0 . Lords of the Treasury—Englishmen ^ , Scotcnmen , 2 . Irishman , 1 . . Secretaries of the Treasury—Eng lishman , l , Scotchman 1
. . „ . , Clerks of the Treasury—Englishmen or Scotchmen , 119 , Mr . Fitzgerald ( query an Irishman ) , ! . Members of the Lord Steward's and Lord Chamberlain ' s departments of the Royal household—bnglishmen and Scotchman , 225—Irishman , 4 . British Ministers to Foreign Courts—Englishmen and Scotchmen , 131—Irishmen , 4 . , Poor Law Commissioners—Englishmen , 3—insniaen . O . We presume these facts show that the natives of foot
the three kingdoms are all placed upon ao equal - ing , the chances of access to preferments to an English or Scotchman in Ireland being , in the few instances that have occurred to us while writing , ** 6 toO ; while the probability of an Irishman obtajning place in England appearS i from an analagons calculation , to be in the proportion of 491 to lj > . ?" 1 to 50 . Woll may the writer of the Times refrain from using the language of taunt and reproacn towards Ii eland , while he thus eloquently apostrophisesa sister kingdom— .
, _ ., , " How short a time elapsed before she ( Scotland ) had identified herself politically and socially witn England and English fortunes i How ample wa 3 her vengeance for the past—how splendid her earnest of the future I English arms , English conquer * } English Commerce—are not all these also Scotch 1 We could easily swell this list were it . necessary . Ireland has always been used by English Ministers as a means of providing for poor relations ,
dependants , and partisans . Our highest as well as onr lowest offices have been prostituted for this purpose . What would be though * of an Irish lawyer being ealJed over as Lord Chancellor of England ?—yet we are forced to take English lawyers as our Lord Chancellors . So on thrtugh all departments of tne Government—jdjustice to Ireland everywhere meets us , and so will things continue until we learn to think less about party and more about our country . —Dublin Monitor .
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MR . O'CONNELL IN KILKENNY . KitKENNY , Thursday Evening . —Kilkenny—the "City of the Confederates "—ever foremost in the cause of liberty , bas nobly done its duty by Ireland and O'Connell . No exertion waa spared by that most efficient and active bedy of gentlemen , the Citz .-ns Club , toj render the arrangements perfect in every particular . The meeting was fixed to take place at the race-course , about three miles from the city , and every possible iffort made to induce the people of this and the neighbouring counties to attend , en masse , and-to come unprovided with boughs , or a twig , which would betoken injury to the plantations of the aristocracy . The decoration of the magnificent pavilion for the Repeal banquet was on a truly splendid scale . It contained extensive galleries
for the accommodation of the ladies , besides tables for upwards of six hundred gentlemen ; and the entire cost ofi the work exceeded £ 100 . But all theirtoil and exertions were wasted for nought . The tremendous rain which fell without ceasing during Wednesday spoiled the decorations , and tbe : high -winds of the succeeding night having carried away a considerable portion of the roof , the committee were forced to relinquish at the last moment all idea of having tbe banquet there . In this predieament they contrived to procure possession of tbe chapel of the " Black Abbey , " and here the dinner subsequently took place . The Liberator , who arrived on last evening , about seven o ' clock , accompanied by John O'Connell , Eaij . M . P . for Kilkenny , and Thomas Steale , Esq . remained during' his stay in town at the ¦
, ^ r - f- ^ j — — M ^ « ¦ — ^ - - ^ w W ^ ^^ residence ef Edmond Smith wick , Esq ., where a : large party were invited to receive him . About one o ' clock the trades formed in procession in ithe Coal market , with splendid new banners , and each of the members carrying a white wand with a small green flag attached to it The several bands of the city and other bands from a greater distance , all drawn in chariots , were scattered through the procession , and served materially to enliven the scene . After the Trades came the Citizens' Club in coaches , each with four horses , preceded by a band similarly c » n « veyed , and in the last of the coaches the Liberator and Mr . E . Smithwick occupied the front seat The enthusiasm displayed as the procession began to move was
exciting and Interesting in the extreme . All the windows along the line of procession were crowded with the beauty and fashion of the " faire citie , ' the streets were so thronged that the precession moved on with the greatest difficulty . The entire of tUe male population of Kilkenny county , with considerable portions ot Tipperary , Queen's County , Corlow , Wexford , and Waterford , might literally be said to be present From the most accurate calculations that could be made , there must have been over 300 , 000 persons present , _ and the meeting bad also the distinguishing characteristics of containing a much greater number of horsemen and much fewer women than at any other meeting I have attended . There were probably from 10 , 000 to 12 , 000 horsemen on the course .
Pierce Somerset Bctler , Esq ., was called to the chair , amidst enthusiastic cheering . The Chairman aaid he attended there that day at the summons of the county and city of Kilkenny , to act as chairman to that vast and patriotic assembly , tbe largest , probably , that ever assembled in Ireland—( cheers ) . He did so , on the solemn assurance by those gentlemen that tbe proceedings of tbat day would be characterised by order , regularity , and a respectful obedience to the laws of the land—( bear , hear ) . As soon as he had announced his intention of accepting the high honour that bad been conferred upon him by ] the people of the county and city of Kilkenny , he received , by return of post , the greatest insult that could possibly be offered to an Irish magistrate—he was dismissed from the commission of the peace—( hear , hear . ) He was unable to find any rational or constitutional ground for such an act—( hear , hear ) .
He would beg of the gentlemen who addressed the assemblage to confine themselves as much as possible within the bounds ot moderation , and to make use only of ths language of conciliation —( cries ef " hear , hear , hear . " ) He could not ait down without making this declaration , and he hoped it would find a responsive feeling in tbe breast of every Irishman who heard him . He would tell them , and be hoped there would be no mistake on the subject , that he Was a Repealer—( great cheering for several moments ) . But though he was an advocate for tbe Repeal of the Union , he would also declare , without any equivocation or imental reservation , that he was an enemy to all idea of separation from England—( hear , hear ) . The Repeal of tbe Union would be of immense advantage to Ireland , without doing too much harm to England ; but separation would involve the ruin ef both countries—( bear , hear * . The Chairman resumed his seat amidst enthusiastic applause .
Patrick Gantwell , Esq ., moved the first resolution , which waa seconded by James Doyle , Esq ., and carried . Mr . Conneil then came forward , and was received with the most enthusiastic and deafening shouts of aplauBe . When silence was restored , the Hon . and Learned Gentleman proceeded as follows : —Is there a band within hearing ? If there be , let them play up , " God save the Queen . " [ More than a dozen bands here played up the national anthem , the entire vast multitude remaining uncovered . At the termination of the ! air , three hearty and deafening cheers were given for ; the Queen . ] I will now give you another subject to cheer—three cheers for the Queen's army—the bravest army in the world ( Tremendous cheers . ) Three
cheers for the Irish people—the most moral , the most brave , the most temperate , and the most religious people on tbe face of the earth . ( Continued cheering . ) And now , having gone through these heartfelt ceremonies , I present myself before yen to address you on topics ef the highest interest It has never happened to me to behold a more gorgeous assemblage of human beings than that now before me . I return you ten thousand thanks for having set the elemental warfare at defiance in coming here in spite of every impediment that was imposed to prevent your attendance . Another thing I thank you for is , that you have come without green boughs . You do not want anything of the kiud to show your sincerity in the cause of your country . ¦( Cheers . ) 1 have before me more pbysisal force than
any military commander that ever existed , and I have that physisal force perfectly cognizant of the fact , that they could not do anything that would be such great injury to the cause of repeal as committing the slightest breach of the peace . ( Cries of " never fear . ") Somebody says " never fear . " Why , I am afraid of nothing except being xrrqng ; for as long as I am right 1 fear nothing , aud I think I have plenty here to join me in being right , and to join me too in fearing nothing . ( Great cheering . ) No , the only thing I could apprehend would be any species of a breach of the ; law . I will tell you of one of the plans of the Orange faction to put an end to the repeal question . They find that they cannot anywhere tempt the people to violate the law openly in tbe noonday , and , there- ;
fore , in the north of Iraland , down to the county of Louth , they have sent about men to form Ribbon lodges and swear the people into secret societies—( hear from Mr Steele ) . Men of Kilkenny ! if you hear of any person attempting to form a secret sooiety in your county , denennce him at once to the repeal wardens in your neigfeourhood . They will communicate the fact to us , and we will take care to have the fellow punished—( cries of " we will" ) . The repeal wardens are the men by whom I intend to obtain the Repeal of the Union , and there is no more honourable station in society than theirs . I now charge the Repeal wardens , who are established in every parish in the county , to find out for me any attempt to establish secret societies in the county , and when the authorities see their friends
brought before them for punishment they will feel annoyed—( hear , hear , and laughter ) . But they have invented other methods for stopping the agitation of the Repeal . I suppose you have heard of the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel having comedown to Parliament one fine evening , and declared that they would prevent the Repeal of the Union even at the expence ef a civil war . We will not go to war with them , but let them not dare to go to war with us—(( tremendous cheering for some time ) . We win act on the I defensive ; and believe me , men of Kilkenny * , there is no power in Europe that would dare attack yon and the people of Ireland , when they keep themselves in the right , and ! act en the defensive only . ( Hear hear . ) They threatened us with this civil war .
fare ; but we only laughed at them , and you are at liberty to laugh it them again . ( Cheers and laughter . ) I hurled back my Indignant defiance to them front tbe Repeal Association , and I told them what I now tell you , that we never would violate the law , or commit any violence ; but that we have hands enough to defend our jown heada , if thay dared to attack vs . IGreat cheers . ) What was the f consequence ? The great Duke of Wellington and ; the crafty Sir Robert Peel polled ia their horns a little , and they said they did not mean to attack us . ( Hear , hear . ) Very well . There is peace then , for we will not attack them , and they will ! not attack us . ( Laughter . ) But , in order to inducei as to give up the agitation of the Repeal , Sir Robeit Peel told a lie , and that same came very easy to
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Warlike Preparations —The Cork Reporter of Thursday says :- | -We have been informed that it is intended to remove the 45 th Regiment from this garrison forthwith , ] and to replace it by another ; aid that the 1 st Royal Dragoons hava received orders of readiness for embarkation at Bristol for this port . Returns have been lately made by official persons of the aceommodation which tbe St . George Steam Packet Company ' s vessels on the Bristol and Cork station are capable of affording for men , horses , < fec ; their tonnage , rate of sailing , and facilities for embarking and landing troops . Accommodation is being providod for a large military force in Mallow , and a portion of the Pdlice Barrack , it is said , Is being prepared for tbe officers' quarters , i Two companies of the 56 th Regiment
and two troops of ; the 10 th Hussars , and seven officers , under the command of Captain Barclay , proceed hence to-morrow toornipg for Mallow , in order to be within call ef the authorities in that town on Sunday next during the repeal ' demonstration . The Mermaid steamer , Captain Hearn , on her passage from London to this port , passed the Malabar abreast the Lizard Point , on Monday , the 5 tti inetant , at three p . m . The destination of this vessel is Cove , and « n her arrival Rear-Admiral Bowles will hoist bis flagon board her in Cove harbour , Where she will remain for tbe summer . Lieutenant Farquhar . j R . N ., has arrived at Cove , and will join the Malabar as flag lieutenant , with Admiral Bowles . Tbe baggage , &c , of the admiral was landed , ex-Mermaid , from Plymouth yesterday .
Fatal Affrajy on the Shirley Estate . —On Thursday the jury gave in their verdict— "We find that Peter Agnew came by his death at Maheracloon , in the county of Monagban , on tbe 5 th of June inst , by a gun-shot wound from a party of twenty-eight policemen commanded by Major Wilcox and Sub-Inspector Berry , and we find that they have not produced sufficient evidence to shew that they were in imminent danger of their lives at the * , time they fired on the people and that there was not preof as to tbe identical person who fired the shot thai killed Peter Agnew . "
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INVESTIGATION INTO THE ORANGE OUTRAGES IN TYRONE . Dungannon Friday Night . —The Government enquiry into tbe ( recent outrages committed near this town was resumed this day before Mr . Coulaon , stipendiary magistrate , and the following local magistrates : —Messrs . Greer , Jackson , Burgess , Wray , and M'KeDZle . j Mr . Alderman ! Butt and Mr . Nowlan appeared as counsel and attorney for tbe Orangemen . Mr . Clements and Mr . Falls were for the poor Catholics whose honseslwere . wrecked and persons and properties injured .
Mr . Coulson begged to know if any arrangement bad been made between tbe learned gentlemen on both sides as to the order Inj which they would proceed . There were causes and cross-causes connected with two separate transactions took jthat place on tbe 30 th of last month , and he thought , for regularity sake , they ought to commence with the occurrences that took place in the morning at the quarry , jor the attack of which the party complained who were coming to Dungannon , and then proceed to investigate the occurrences of the latter part of the day . 1 Mr . Butt said { -he coincided exactly with what bis worship said with regard to the propriety of the arrangement . 1
Mr . Clements should have no objection to the course suggested by the bench . : Mr . Butt said—ht appeared that great excitement existed in that part pf the country , and , indeed , throughout Ireland generally , upon the question of Repeal , and it having been represented through the public press that tbe Protestants and Presbyterians in and about Dungannon had given in ' . hair adhesion to tbat measure , they determined to prove that these assertions were unfounded , by making a great anti-repeal demonstration , and for tbat purpose they agreed upon having a meeting in Dungannon , on Tuesday , the 30 th May . Seme persons were coming in to attend tbat meethsg , and
when passing a quarry at a place called Carland , they were attacked by a mob of nearly one hundred persons , stenes were thrown at them , and one man , named Morrow , was so dangerously wounded , that bis life was despaired of . Some young lads then ran into the town of Dungannon , and having given that exaggerated ac , count of the transaction which their fears had prompted , the great bulk of the party who were assembled f or tbe purpose of attending the anti-repeal meeting , sallied out to the scene of the outrage , and there by way of retaliation , had csmmitted acts which he would be very sorry to appear there to justify—but he might say , that the whole affair had been greatly exaggerated .
Several witnesses were then examined touching the original disturbances in Carland before the wreckings . | - Mr . Butt said he had closed his case , and submitted that he had proved the charge of both riot and assault ' Mr . Clements contended that , in point of law , there had been no riot f It might be called an affray , out of which an Insignificant assault had arisen . The Orangemen were passing vriih their fifes and drums ; sone Insulting language passed between them and men who were quietly > tandlng on the road , when one man was assaulted , and , although it was stated by Mr . Butt that his life was in danger , he never had occasion , to go to a doctor . He thoughtjatmoat the charge could only resolve itself into a common assault , and that it eugbt not to be even sent to thej sessions .
Six o'clock The magistrates , after having consulted tor a few ( minutes , Mr . Cooison said they wonld not give judgment till the whole affair was investigated . | The inquiry will hardly conclude to-morrow evening . —Correspondent of the Dublin Evening Post .
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Short and Sweet . — Sir Robert Peel had an audieno of her Majesty on Thursday . —The audience last—ONE MINUTE . The Tobacco Cbop , —The Richmond Comp ^ f says that the tobacco crop ia likely to be materially " curtailed by the very backward spring . Cotton Manufactories in Mfxico . —There are in the Republic of Mexico 53 cotton manufactories , with an agregate of 135 , 000 spindles . They worR np daily , on an average , 48 , 622 lbs . of cotton , and produce 43 i 7601 bs . of thread , which , wheu woren into cloth , &c , is worth 48 , 037 dollars . These faota we derive from a printed statementby the Directors General of Mexican Industry , dated city of Mexico , March 28 . 1843 .
Dreadful Accident . —A party of Rifles stationed at Dundalk were firing ball cartridge on the strand , on Tuesday laat , when , owing to one of tbe men having bad eight , he shot one of the men stationed as marker through the head . The man died on tuo spot . The ball then went through the neck of ano ther man , wounding him dangerously .
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6 THE NORT H ERJST STAR . __ J '
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 17, 1843, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct486/page/6/
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