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3"O TEE IMPERIAL CHAHT1ST5.
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titfbarttet EutelU' sencc.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , I ^ RICE SIXPENCE , No . I . OF A PRACTICAL WORK ON THB : MANAGEMENT OF SMALL FAEMS ; Giving fall Instructions respecting Rotation of Crops , Management of Cattle , Culture , &o . BY FEAEGUS O'COhNOR , ESQ ., FARMER AND BAJHUSTER , Also , now on Sale , in . Two Number ^ at IW pence each , the " STATE OF IRELAND , " written in 1798 , by Arthur . O'CoksoE , A compendium of Irish History , and a more correct Account of the Grievances of that Country , than any that has appeared npon the subject . Cleave , London ; Heywood , Manobester ; Hobson , Leeds .
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Mt DiLia i Biss » s , —After "basing bpen entrusted TO& lie keeping . ^ adminMrafion « f jour fnndg £ br tbelasl ien ^ nonti ?* "witboal yonr expressing any anxiety : as to the mam *?* I ^» je nsed them , it becomes my pleading duty io snbinii my b&lancesteet &r yottr-. jjerasaL YousriH find that I have * csrefhEy abstained from mixing up in the account any ^ nffiit item connected-with my own defence , 2 txs * iWtramSe oircuntsttnM thai -I am enabled .
|> jjOTrgwt > j ) nuon ,: t 6 swailtho proper time for jepljingtc allflia slanders of my enemies ; andHhai I am so strongly robed in ionestyss to feel bo overamdety id TBfafiiig the fifeeooods of Meed scribblers , prostitute politicians , -and jealous self-tormentors . One eb » ge-aga 3 nstiQe " has "been that I hare escaped unscathed Hrom ihe recent prostration Jbecange I -was able to sraa myself of the service of lawyers ;
yrWe those whom the ignorant are pleased to call xny dnpes ^ Iave BnSered from a want of the same means . AHeter iraa there a more donbly Sgnorant asserfiojr than this . Krsfly ; beeanse it -was a gainst my consent , and against the consent of fiie leaders of $ he Chartist Iwdv , Ifc&t any man , Jhongh ever bo Iramble , belonging io our party , Ehonld go to trial -mthont the very iesl le ^ sl assistance . And this taunt >»»¦» "been thrown out in
eonsequence of the adoption of a plan against which 1 Jisre invariably profe-sted . I mean the system of raising separate local defence funds , and giving the amount collected eiiier to the party acenspd , or to a committee for the purpose of his defence . 2 fow , if it goes to ihe party , it is generally made private property of , "while the accused suppose ? that lie best consults Ms own feelings and ihB interest of his party , by making his own defence ; or , if it is legitimately expended by a <» mxDiitee , some £ TipiBg Attorney jrasps the whole , and afterwards comes down upon the committee for a balance : 'thus , in either case , committing an
injustice upon the contributors . Secondly , I had no counsel i -K-Mle , ss I -was the principal party atiaeked , alliay brother conspirators had the advantage of the testimony of all my "witnesses , as well as of my poor legal knowledge . It 13 extraordinary , "hotrereT , to see the manner in which political scxibilers blow hot land cold . With one breath they charge ms with not defending my poor enpes ; while iriih ihe other ihey associate Cbsriiiin with pickpockets and thieves , and blow npon me when , in the general eofuuaou , I am sot able to distinguish between them , and consequently prefer defending i > oik
Ii wa a charge against us , that at the recent Special Gommissionsj prisoners were defended- who were charged with moral gnilt ; wlule had they not been defended , I should cave been charged with , the crimB of neglecting my poor dupes . Again , Tn 1389 and 1340 , almost every man charged with political offences had aloealfnud subscribed &rWs owndefei ^ ej wifle not one , or scarcely one , of them appSed one angle farthing to ihe purposes
lor which the monks were fubscribed : and 1 , as treasurer , was in consequence ont of pocket between 5200 and £ 300 . Various sums from £ 3 , 000 and upwards , to 40 s . 50 s . and 100 s . bare been thus subssrlbed , -wuhont conferring the intended benefit irpon iheaeeused or the party : while more than 400 prisoners have been defended for Etile mc-re than thirty sbISing 3 each , by a proper application of the " people ' s monies .
Ii 33 now jive jears since I urged upon you the indispensable necessity ^> f keeping npa KauGnal Defence Fund . In 1837 , when the Glasgow Cotton Spinners were prosecuted , the want of Mich a fund imposed upon ms a month ' s labour in the depth of ¦ winter ^—whieh I would not again undertake for £ 5 , 000 , —and put me to an expense of £ 200 . That trial was made a great fnsa abont ; it cost between £ 3 , 000 and £ 4 , 000 ; -was swallowed up by law sharks , and did the cause not one particle of good 5 for the men were convicted : whereas , had my advice been then taken , tfee whole of the monies swallowed up by law sharfe , delegates , and witsese 3 "would have been saved , and the men would isrebeen lacqnitted .
As it is worth whDe now and then to refresh ^ onr memories upon tbese subjects , I will -direct your attention ^ to the position in which the Cotton Spinners stood . They were charged in an indictmentwith several « Seneesj and instead of pleadingand going to trial upon the indictment as it stood , ihey loti legal exeepSons to it , in which they were Successful . Thai is , they gained a . great defeat at a great espenoe . When I went to Edinburgh , and lieard ihe indictment read , 13 D but went down on my knees , acd implored the solicitor and the
ccmxnittee to withdraw thB objections that had been jaised , and allow the trial to proceed upon the indictment , as it then stood . Bet no ; " I was a fool f and was destined to fool away my time and my money in supporting the folly of others . The resnlt , however , proved that I was right , for the Lord Advocate immediately framed fnch an indictment as eonasd &r the prisoners argued trtmid have emkiaeediJiatfisn&fiswilt Which ibey stood charged ; and thefxere tried upon ihe Jresh indieimenl 5 costjczed ryoa tttr icew COC 3 TS , and acquitted- upon tttrv count ccmimned in ihe Jirst indictment HI
"Wlatwonldyori have said , if JUr . Boberts , our sHb adviser , iad lecommended us to demur " , or , plainly speaking , to take exceptions io the second , SSh , and seventh counts in the " Monster Indictment f ^ in none of which there was » ny Tenne at aE . Why , you would hare rejoiced for a moment at his puny triumph ; "while it Tron'd iave been followed by snch -ocrrections as could leave no tope of eaapB . Mr . Boberts knew of every objeefian to the indictment in sufficient time for taking Euckeoarse : bnt like a good General , he waited the Siting opportunity for taking « omplete advantage of fhe enemy's indiscretion .
"W * H , there ? s a Seotch instance for yon ; and I must in justice say that the Scotch people hare not very fairly returned the compliment then paid to the Cotton Spinners by the English Working classes . I will now give you a Welsh instance . In 1839 , when Frost was arrested there was not a single farQsEg tospply to his defence . I liad to pay down nine hundred sovereigns ont of my own peeket to Commence the defence before a fartMng -was subscribed ; and again in the depth of winter , I was compelled to take a month ' s tramp by night and by day to proeure a Defence Fund . If I have before spoken of the apathy of the Seotch people with reference to the recent t 8 &ls , I mn 3 fc do them the
jnslice to say that in F-rosra case , they far ontsiripped their English brethren m liberality . As 1 hope sol to be again compelled to enter npon painful discussions of thi 3 nature , I embrace the present opportunity of being Tery « xphcit upon all money matters . A rumour has been circulated , then , by some of my good f riendB that I borrowed a large amount of money from Mrs . Frost to enable me 10 defend her husband , and that I never repaid it . I take this opportunity of stating clearly , how that matter
stands . I nerer saw Mrs . Frost , until Dscember 1 S 41 . 1 uereriad commtnncation wfeh Mrs . Frost for a very long thce after the trial of hjr husband . I sever applied to her for a farthing . I never received a farthing from her , direcily or indirecdy ; she never became security , in any shape or form , for any icoiey that I received ? and therefore 2 never had to paj any back . So , and just so , am I able to anserine vile and villainous report which has been industriously circulated of my inducing ^ rs . Frost to give me a large snm of m » aey for hpr husband ' b defence , Bwm the condition that 1 would
retomu . While I state thus much npon my own behalf , I sm bttaid in justice to Mrs . Frost , io say that sie wasmost inhumanly and unnaturally chonsed out of several hundred pounds for the purposes of the defence , byonewio shonia iave put a guinea into ier pockei istfier than ttke a penny out of it O I how ofteniayel sghed , ajid Bonowedj ^ od le gretted , ihatlwasiioVaeqnamted -with-Mr . Itoberts at the
feneibat that fatal occBrrence took place i for had 1 been so forfamate I have not the shadow of doubt upon my mind that the amiable John Frost would bave teen now living amongst us , * nd aiding us wiib bis council . But enough of iMspainful subject . 1 have said as much as was required for your instruction and my « wn defence . However , I must * bq one sentence toihiBnaTative , The only money irhich I boirowed condiUOBally , was mosthononr-
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ably thrust upon me by two honest stonemasons Jiving at Cheltenham . They were deputed to hand me a subscription from their locality , when they asked me how the funds stood ; and uponmy replying " very slaek , " one of them took twenty sovereigns out of a little leathern bag which they had ^ craped together to take them to America in thefoHowipg spring , and handed it to me saying ; " Here , Sir , tike this , and if we don ' t want it in spring , we won ' t ! require you to repay it . " I took the money ; and when they applied for it afterwards they got it by retilrB of post . Tbaf * 8 « Welsh case for yoa .
I will now give you a bistoiy of the state of yonr affairs just before the last Special Commissions . Hundreds , nay I believe thousands were arrested ; and amongst the rest Ellis was arrested , asd committed for high treason . In minor cases we could rely upon the attendance of junior counsel afcSpecial Commissions , who would be quite capable of defending Chartists against ihe usual charges of conspiracy , sedition , riots , routs , tumults , and so forth ; High treason , however , is a different thing . Ai Junior Barrister is not supposed to understand the term "allegiance" as well as a veteran ; and therefore could
not be safely entrusted 111 a case of treason with the < 5 efenoe of one of enr party . I received scores of letters about Ellis ; aEd being resolved that 116 -working man ' s life booald be sacrificed to this undefined and undefinable law without s straggle , I went to Serjeant Talfonrd ( before £ 30 was subsribed ) to retain him at an espenceof 300 gniEes « -to defend Eilis . l earned , however , from hiB clerk that he had been retaiaed by ihe Crown , whtre there was money enough to pay , and for which the Queen had neither to beg , borrow , or traverse the country , as 1 had . I then went to Charles Phillips's ; he was at Brighton ; and I learned from his clerk that in
consequence of some expectation of government patronage , be coald not be bad . I then went to Serjeant Shea ' s ; bnt it being long vacation he was out of town . I then wect to Sergeant Murphy ' s ; he was in Ireland with his constituents . 1 then went to the Crown Office , where the business is done better than in a » y other office , aad where the very cl-rks understand more practical law than one half the barristers ; there I -sras reminded that -Ellis mast have ten days notice , if be was' to be tried for high treason . So I rested satisfied , knowing that I should have ample time to prepare in such an event , and thus I saved you three hundred guineas .
Before I offer some closing observations npon this subject , I must here observe , that in every disturbance in Ireland I was subjected to a like inconvenience . Wherever the poor people required to be defended , whether at Kathcormac or any where else , there was always a enbtcription raised at head quarters , which was swallowed up by the patriots ; while for years the drudgery and expence of defending the people invariably fell to my lot .
You see then I have suffered in England , Scotland , Wales , and Ireland , from the non-performance of that duty which belongs to the people themselves . If however , the frequent scaldicgs that nfglect hag given us shall have the f fftct of making the pec pie more alive to their own interest in future , I am quiet ready to forgive the jpzst . And now , yon dear , good , honest , and virtuous fustian -jacket - blistered - hands-and-unshorn - chia-Cbartists ; yon for whom alone I work , and with whom 1 will continue to the latest day of my existence to straggle until 1 make you what you ought to
be ; bow can I tbaisk you , the omnipotent people , sufficiently for the confidence that you have reposed in me , and the protection which that con&decce throws around me 3 Having struggled through seven criminal prosecutions within the last six years , I must have fallen under the weight of prosecution , made heavier by the slander of the press than by the vengeance of the law , if your good opinion had £ ot supplied a shield against the many arrows that have been shot at me ! While my every act has been open and unconcealed ; while I have suffered pinch pain of mind lest 1 shonlc in anywise be considered
instrumental in bringing about and continuing the Revolution of last autumn ; and while its result has entailed a heavy expence npon me : yet even all these consideratiens have not saved me from the venom of the slanderer . After I had boldly fought and fairly beaten the Government what think you of the Liberal rascals asserting "« that it had hern all arranged be tween Feargns O'Connor and the Tories" 1 In faith it was arranged thai I was either to die in a dungeon or be ruined by escaping it I while I had arranged to beat the Government or to advance my cause , if I fell in the contest . What fools these
drivellers must be ! J Did they never think of the Jnry who could not be bronght int © " our arrangement" ? . ' Above all , did they lose sight of the fact that not only I , but all of my poor" dupes , " as they are pleased to call them , escaped as well as myself ! It nsaally happens that where a flight of ducks are to decoyed , the decoy duck alone escapes ! while the remainder of the flight find themselves under the net . Without much circumlocution , however , yon will believe a plain
tale from a plain man . Firstly , allow me to s- tell those scandal-mongers , and self-tormentors that the Government would not have suffered the exposure that they received by the Lancashire trials for one million sterling . There ' s not on legal record an instance of so big a blander ; nor in history one of so great a triumph ! I never consider myself humbled by entering into the most minnte explanations with yon ; and especially dol feel myself called -upon now , not to undeceive yon , bnt to thank yon for not allowing yourselves to be deceived .
-Hear my answer then , yon working men , given with all the solemnity of the most solemn oath ; throughout my whole life I have never conspired against any single individual ; nor have I ever betrayed any confidence reposed in me by the most hnmble ! I have never held correspondence , conversation , or communication with any man in office npon any other subject than that which may have been in fulfilment of yonr commands—such as making one of a deputation , or presenting memorials in your behalf I while I would have Buffered any length of imprisonment , transportation , or even death * rather than condescend to hold communication with the Government , any portion of whioh I should be ashamed to withhold from the public
ear . 1 tell yon now that / have been hid for , and highly bid for , by the Whigs ; but never , in the course of my life , have I had any snch efier from the Tories ; acd for this simple reassn , because they know well that I would expose the insnli . They know , as you knojv , that all the money m their coffers could not purchase my support : while all the patronage at ineir disposal would be but poor compensation for bei raying the meanest of onr party .
1 trust that I have now mSciently explained the whole transaciion about which I write ; that I have embraced the several snbjeets of moBt vital importance to onr party , and given a faithful account of my stewardship- Allow me then to say a word or two by wav of comment upon the manner in which our legal business has been transacted throughout this arduou sandprotracted 8 trnggle , byMr . HohBrta . It is always most pleasing to me to find myBelfi in the wrong when lie discovery of error has the
effect of doing justice to those whom I may have injured , or to whom I may bave caused a single pang . At one period Mr . Roberts and I were bo far unknown to each other , aa not taoroaghly } to understand « ach other . I was foolish enough to entertain a sort of prejudice against him , without knowing why or wherefore . However , ft has since Mien to my loS to be on a little closer intimacy , and by which I have been led to a knowledge of my former error . A t Birmingham , where
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his support of Sturgeism would have been a heavy blow at Chartism , I was first made acquainted with the real merits of the man as a politician , and his capacity-as a scholar . I discovered that the difference between him and me , as regarded Sturgeism , was just this : I suspected and denounced the party upon suspicion ; while he thought it more beneficial to the cause of democracy to act with them while they professed a desire . to serve it . He was the first to desert and expose them upon the commission ot an overt act of treachery .
It is not here my intention io offer one single encomium upon the manner in -which Mr . Roberts has discharged his duties to our party during ; our ten months' struggle with the Government . Suffice it to say , that hia conduct is above all praise : while his zeal , anxiety , and watchfulness have characterised him to my mind as one of the soundest , the ablest , and sincerest politicians that ever I met in my lite . In conclusion , then , my friends , allow me , once for all , to impress upon your minds the necessity of keeping up a General Defence Fund : and of abandoning the ruinous system
of flying to local attormes , and of raising individual defence funds . I know that you are poor ; and that , —thanks to the infernal blasted machinery , —you are likely to be still poorer ; and after all my trials , persecutions , and expenses , I am richer than a nation of paupers ; and therefore I lay the foundation-stone of a permanent defence fund , by presenting you with the balance of between . £ 300 and £ 400 now in my bauds as treasurer , as a nest egg for those who can spare a little , now and then , to lay upon . I Bay that I present you with this balance as a free gift : because , by all the rules of trade , of commerce , and of ustiee , I should have
a right to set off ab ut the same amount over-paid by me , settled , audited , and allowed , in 1841 , in my balance-sheet as treasurer , for 1839 and 1840 . I do not do so , however ; as I can better bear that loss than suffer you to repay it , to the great injury of our cause . The amount set down in the credit side of my balance-sheet , as paid to Mr . Roberts , has been expended , and I believe more ; while Mr . Roberts himself has not , as yet , received a guinea for his services : nor will he render me his account until the battle is finished . In the e 7 ent of things taking a turn ; should the Court of Qaeen ' s Bench decide in favour of the validity of the fourth count ; we . shall ,
in snch a case , be driven to a writ of error , by which is meant the re-arguing of the whole case before the fifteen judges . When those -who have sab-cribed their pence remember what the Government blunders have cost the country , they will surely be astonished at the comparatively trifliug amount at which Mr . Roberts has exposed them ; while I have no hesitation in paying that , had the several parties been defended by separate attornies . £ 50 , 000 would not have covered the expence , while not a particle of Berviee would have been rendered to th « cause . Here follows my balance-&heet : and I am your friend and servant , F . O'Connor .
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E—A . portion of tee bhth , I believe £ 5 , was also returned byi the honest working wan who got it , to the Manchester defence committee . F—This amount was paid by me to Messrs . Yates and Tiirner . iin two sums of £ 40 and £ 31 . G—The several sums paid to the defendants at Lancaster was oiwing to the length 6 t time that the trial lasted . H—As I understand some bickering has taken place about this itjBin , I feel myself bound to state the circumstance precisely as it oceuire < 9 . Mr . Ridley called upon me on the Sunday morning previous to Ms
departure for Gloucestershire to take his trial . He asked ne for £ l 10 s . to defray his expences there . I told him that in no instance had any of the funds been appropriated to such a purpose . I said , if you ¦ wish to have council you shall have the best that the circuit affords . No , he replied , I meanto < 1-f « nd myself ; aud I then advised him as to his course . He tbes said , how am I to get there ? and I replied , '' What man , can't you walk there ? " and be smiled . "Come , " said I , "here ' s a sovereign to take you down , nnd if it is objected to when I am passing my accounts , I'll pay it out of my own pocket . " There is the little peg upon which a great story has been hung .
I—The several sums paid to the defendants when in London , was in consequence of the idea entertained in the severall ^ cslities , that they would be sent back to the respective gaols to which they were committed , at tae expense of the Government ; and they were not therefore furnished with tho means of returning . By reference to my balance sheet it will be seen that I bave not charged anything under the usual and comprehensive bead of " sundries ; " although if I had time nnd inclination , 1 have no doubt tbttt I could put from £ 80 to £ 100 'together . I have charged nothing for my own exoences , although I was obliged to send my phy . s ciau and two bondsaien to Liverpool , where they remained for : several days . In mentioning this item I must state , in justice to Mr . Cleave , wh « was one of my bail , that although I pressed him to receive
compensation for loss of time , he declined accepting more than merely covered hiB travelling exponcea . There is no charge for my witnesses ; though I brought two from Ireland , and others from different parts of the country . Mr . Pray w .-uj ; subvce . ed not for me , but to break down tb « cbaracter ; of Gnffia . There i » no cbarge for a large expenditure paid on account of all by me at Lancaster . Mr . Roberts paid hiB own expenses . j neither do I take into account the large turn that it cost me in travelling ( ocpences to lecture in aid of the fund . I do not however complain of any of those small losses , as the " £ 2 that I fobbed , at Nottingham , oat of the £ 5 that I received to pay a delegate / ' will much more than cover them . I have now rendered my account as Treasurer of tfee National Defence Fund ; and trust it will be found satisfactory to those who have so repeatedly honoured me with their confidence . F . O'C .
Errata . —* Tha £ 2 received from Birmingham should have been £% Us , It was sent by David Potts , end made payable'to Mr O'Connor contrary to his express desira The " post-office order has been lost , but Mr . O'Connor debited himself with it .
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DTJBI 4 N—The Irish Universal Softratfe Association held their usual weekly meeting on Sunday last , : it sis o ' clock in the evening . Mr . John Kecgan was called to the chair . Mr . DvoTii tho . Secretary , read the rules and objects of the Association , and several letters from various parts of Ireland , congratulating the Association on the good sense and discrimination it had displayed respecting the object of the leaders of the R ? peal movement ; and expressive of sympathy and sorrowr for tho poor , innocent , warm-hearted and confiding dupes who have been , and stili are , cheated ont of their money under the pretence of Repealing
the Union . A very sensible and well written letter from Mr . Thomas Self , of Newport , Isle of Wight , was read , and gave great satisfaction to the whole meeting—strangers as well as members . Mr . Self requested to be informed as to the fact whether Mr . lO'Connell had voted for the Whig Coercion Act , and stated that Dome people in Newport maintained that Mi " . O'Connell voted against the Coercion Aot in every stage ; while OtherB held tbft opinion that he voted in favour of it . The parties ultimately agreed that a letter should be written to Mr . O'Higgins upon the subject , and that his decision upon the point should be conclusive —( hear , hear ) . :
Mr . O'HiaoiNS said , that before he should answer the question , tie should propose a gentleman for admission , as a member of their association , who was well known as an honest , indefatigable , and talented member of the National Charter Association of Great Britain , and who had also been a member of the Working Men ' s Association , before the Chartist organisation ; a gentleman who had always identified himself , ; as every true-hearted man ought to do , with the working classes ; a gentleman , who in his correspondence with Mr . O'Connell relative to his treachery against the Glasgow cotton-spinners , had done honour to his head and his heart : he should , without saying more upon that occasion , move that Mrt George Julian Barney , of Sheffield , be admitted a member of the Irish Universal Suffrage Association . ( Hear and oheers . )
Mr . Joseph Brikrly rose to seoond the motion . He said that ; Mr . Harney had , to his credit , been endeavouring to effect a Union in Sheffield between the Chartists , who are all Repealers , and those who assume the exclusive right to agitate that question ; and who , in their foUy , rejeot the aid and co-operation of their real friends , the Chartists , and njfanly beg and pray and fawn for that of a miserable handful of bigotted , besotted Orangemen—( .. hejirp ) . Mr . Harney was admitted by acolamation .
Mr . O'HiGGins Baid he had another member to propose '; and 111 doing ho , he should complain of one great sin of omission by Mr . 0 'Connell . He had often ( heard him ' say that Catholic Emancipation would have been obtained some twenty years sooner had it not been ;; for the Convention Act , and the Act against Corresponding Societies . Well , oue would expect that when Mr . O'Connell had his friends , the Whttfs , in power , with their commanding majorities of 150 to M ^ i— " tyrannical majorities , " as JLiord Stanley called them , —that he would have made an tffart to repeal those obnoxions statues . But , no ; ne did nothing except get good places for all his sons-in-law—three of them ; a place for his son , who is not a Repealer ; places for his nephews ,
who are not ; Repealers : but to do anything , or to propose to do anything for the benefit of his country waa out of the question . w Keep the Tories out till the Whigs provide for my progeny and kinsmen , and you will be all true panots and gobd Christians . " This waa the whole service he rendered his country from the time he entered Pahinment up to ttoe present period . Lpt any one who can do it , tell him , Mr . O'Hitfsin 8 , anything he did , or proposed to do , for the benefit of iiis country during hi . * whole pariiameijtary career j and he would give him credit for i . . Look how his i rack is marked with the blood of his countrymen at every step , frbm . the period of the Tithe slaughters ac Nowtownbarry , on the 18 , hof June , 1831 , down o the murder of Mr . Caffrey , the Repeal dupe and victim , ' at-Clones , in 1843 . Had he . made au effort 0 bave the Convention Act , and the Act against Corresponding Societies Repealed , he , Mr .
O'Hig-» ins , would have been spared the pain of alluding to the man at afl ;—a man who bad done more mischief to -h » cbuBtry than any man ever did bjtere ; a man who had sold counties cities , towns , and boroughs to ; the enemies of Ireland , ** the perfidious Whigs ; ' » and at the same time had the talent to make hiB countrymen believe that it was all for their eood ! it is necessary ; that tfti | Association should be on its guard . When the Whigs were in power' Mr . O'Connell called upon ihe Whig Attorney-General to proseouteing . Ho called us " midnight assassins ; " and , in bis speech , in Dundalk the other day , it appears that be had the face to tell the people there that which he knew to ba false . He said that "the Chartists were covertly . and insidiously aiding and abetting secret societies , that they are bound together by unlawful oaths , which isinot true ! and froni that spot he ( Mr . O'Higgins ) begged to refer Mn O'Connell to hiB catechism , where be will find it written , by
authority of the church , ih * t no reason or motive can justify a lie ] " It is clear , from the malignity oi this slander , that we must be cautious ; for the
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man who would thus , iu the face of Heaven , tell bis assembled countrymen a base , blood-thirsty , and brutal us , would not hesitate to swear to it if the Tories would jujst give a place to his dear little son Johnny . In order to guard the association against any infringement of those penal statutes , and to put it out of tho power of any particular informer to swear away the lives or liberties of their neighbours ; he should then sta-te for the ovidauck OP AIX their English correspondbnts , that THOSE WHO WRITE fHOULD ALWAYS BEQCEST TO BE PROPOSED MKMBER 3 OP ThE ASSOCIATION ; AND WHKN ONCE ADMITTED MEMBERS , THE SIMPLE CIRCUMHTANCK OP WRITING TO THE PRESIDENT OB SECEETARY COULD NOT Bp CONSTRUED ISTO A VIOLATION of any penal Law . ( Hear , hear . ) In moving
that Mr . fnomas Solf , of Newport , Isle of Wi ^ ht , be admitted a member , tie should take that opportunity of answering tho' questions respecting Mr . O"Cjnnell ' s votes on the jlrish Coercion Act . Mr . O'Connell voted against the first Oo ? rcion Bill in the year 1833 . But ho voted in favour of the renewal of it in 1835 ;| and when Mr . William Smith O'Brien moved a clause to-the effoct that the act should be limited to | two years , Mr . O ^ Connell moved an amendment that it should continue for five y ears , on the ground that id was necessary " to put down agrarian ] disturbance in Ireland . " Mr . O'Connell ' s amendment was carried ; and the Coercion Act remained in full fores for five years afterwards t la the next ses ^ iou of parliament Mr .
Wm . Snarman Crawf > rd } brought forward a motion for the repeal of the Coercioa Act . Mr . O'Connrll voted against the motiont \ Oa the 1 st of July , 1836 " , -VI r . Crawford brought forward a motion to the effect that all tithes alid composition of tithes should cease and determine in Ireland ; and that the eiergy of the Reveral religious sects should be left for their support tp their respective flacks . Can it bt believed that Me . O'Conneli voted against this motion . Hi ^ name will be found recorded in the votes and proceedings of the House of Commons in company with English and Irish Tories upon those divisions , ilet there be no mistake about this : he voted agaihafc the abolition of tithes in Ireland , while ha led his dupes to believe that ho
was the strenuous opponent of tithes . A baser Whig back never crossed the Irish channel than the loud talking patriot Dmiel O'CJonnell . Men or' Newport ! CharJtists of England ! bear in mind that while Mr . O'Connell was thus supporting the Whis { 8 through thick and thin , he took care to provide for hia family . Hia aon-in-iaw , Ciiristopher Pizsimoa , a Repealer , soldjthe County of Dublin to a non-Repealer for a Wh ^ ig place in the Haa&per ofiice . Another son-in-law , Mr . French , was appointed a stipendiary magistrate . Another eon inlaw , Mr . Charles O'Counel ! , a Repeaier , gave up the County of Kerry Jto Mr . Bleunerhasset , a Tory . Mr . Morgan O'Con ' nell , tho Repeal Member for Meath , delivered up that county to a non Repealer for a clerkship in | the registry roffica . But then this was " an instalment" of "Justice to Ireland ! " After having aonei through the whole
history of Mr . O Connell's political career , Mr . O'Higgiasconcluded by moving that Mr . Thomas Self , ofi Newport-, Isle of Wight , bja admiMed a member of tho Iribh Universal Suffrage Aso-oeiatioij ; Mr . Johu Lynbam seconded the motion , which was carried unanimously . * j Mr . Dyott , in a very able speech , explained to thr > meeting , the difference between tho Repeal of the Union with the present limited constituency of Ir - laud , and the Repeal of the Uaion , after the constituency , should be extended agreeably to the principles of the Peopled Charter . He proved to the satisfaction of all present , but three , that the Repeal of the Unien , unaccompanied by an extension of j the franchise would couter po real benefit upon the working man . j Mr . Woodward said thai h « should prefer the right to vote to a Repeal ofjthe Union , if it were for no other reason than that the people would tuen get rid of the atrocious CaureVx Establishment —[ Great cheering ) . \
Several other members gave their opinions , and good reasons too , for preferring Universal Suffrage , as a matter of choice , to a Repeal of the Uaiou unaccompanied by Universal Suffrage . The petition against the Irish Arms Bill was postponed , as Mr . O'Coonell ! was not in his place to present it . ¦ ] Mr . Devitt wished to know whether Lady Elliott or Lady Stanley , or both , | should be appointed to brand Irishmen ' s guns ; and were they to derive all the profit of the operation—( groat laughter ) . Mr . Burley was called ! to tke chair , and the marked thanks of the meeting were given to Mr . Keegan for his gentlemanly conduct is the chair , after whioh the meeting separated .
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AB ~ TVi 3 ESN . - On Fr ; oy vft = T-, th « CavdUts h * A- \ in ' vtU- ' I-vir niF . etin ? at O'J A , vri < H-n . A b . iad of m < i 3 ' ! c c <> : j . iie * 6 'l th * New T ^ a Orari'sta t-j tha plvca of meeting , and returned w ; th . tbeta . Tha business of the ivrmng was an icqniry into the-eaicss of "the universal distress prevailing in En ? la : id , " lre . land , and Scotland ; as tdso the backW 3 td""iess of tae < Joven » raenfc to listen io the cries ot a starring peopfc , wuo in too many instances are driven to the commission of crime through the actml want of the necessaries of life , and who are then punhhed for not * unmlttiat ! coolly to be famished to death . The meeting waa well attended .
. ^^ , . '"" On Wednesday last , the 28 th nil . Mr : Dickinson , from Manchester , gave a long aad interesting address to a numerous an-1 attentiva meeting , in the Market place , on " the wrongs of Ireland , and on Repeal . " Mr . Dickinson gave a rapid eketeTi of fcbe numerous oppressions aid persecutions ii . ftieJed on " the siater C 9 untry ; " and pointed out thtr benefits which would reault from a native legislature elected by the people . NEWCASTLE . —Mr . ' BTydd leetnred in the Chartist Hall , Gnat Ian , C 2 oth-msrket , en Sunday evening last , on " The probable effects of a Repeal of the Corn and ProvJBio : vLaw 3 \ xnistt present circurartancea . He clearly showed that tbe wealth pjoduoartrwoald derive no benefit from such measure , eo loug a 3 labour xeaa unrepresented . H * contested that even an increase of demand for manafactnres was no guarantee that the condition of the industrious classes would be rendered more comfortable . In proof of this he adduced
statistics wb-ieir showed the anwnnt exported from 17 & 7 to 1841 ; wtr ^ h proved that in proportion as the quantity exported was increaspd , ia hka proportion had the wages of tboproducer been reduced . Lstlabmri tha only wealth of the indastrfoas classes , be sufficiently protected by the enactment of the People ' s Charter , and he ( Mr . K . ) would be one of the first to advocate a total repeal , pot only of the Cora Laws , but of all Obnoxious laws ; but until then , lie -was prepared to < lf « cu « s the suhjVct with any fcentlemsnin England , and und&rtiJieto prove thata repealof theCornand Frovfsion Law w , uld be a curse , and not a blessing , to worfcing m * n . The chairman said , if any gentleman differed from 5 ? r . K . in opinion , he would procure a fair hoaring for him , and Mr . K . \ ras prepared to answer any q'wti ^ na respecting the su joct of his lMtuire . No one came forward . It was tbfell announced that Mr . JKydd would lecture in the same place oa next Saaday even-\ ds ( . at seven o ' clock , and tha meeting dismissed .
The Chartists of New . astle and G ' ateshead held tbmr weekly busirvess meotfcig on Monday avenint ; . Mr-Thomas Robaon in the chair . The minutes of the previous meeting having been rs « d and confirmed , a discussion took place respecting the R v . W Hill ' s visit to Newcastle , whereupon Mr . Youni * moved , and Mr . E'nhlaton seconded , — " That the Rav . VT . Hill be corresponded with , requesting aim to spend a Sunday in Newcastle , on hia tour to Scotland . " Agreed t » unanimously . Several othsr resolutions were likewise agreed to , merely of a local tendency .
OiDHAM .-0 n Sunday last , Mr . Gimmngs , of Nu . thampton , delivered two lectures in the C&arfst R- > om , one on the subject of " The Land , " the other on " The Wrongs of Inland , and Repeal . " The leciurer depicted the wrongs of Ireland in glowing tfims , aud sbowed up the evils created by a state church est ablishment under the sanction of law ; and anjuerl that no sect , or party , had any just right to domineer aua tyrannise over another ; but that reH % lm ought to stand or fall on it * own morica . H « likewise madea powerful appeal to the Irish Repealers , not to deceive themselves with the expectation that if R peal were granted , it would cure all thi evils tlwy
are labout ing under . Thev would still have class-legislation as now ; and a Parliament emanating from a middle-class constituency , without the labouring class being represented , would be more liable to bribery , and might , as before , seJl their country ' s rights . He urged on them not to rest satisn-a without their political rights , viz . a voice in electing the man \» ho is to represent their wants and interests . He imped tbj Rape<rs would not think tho Chartists their enemies ; for he couiii assure tht-m they were taeir most sincere friends . The lecturer was listened to with great attention by a respectable audience , and gave general aaUsf , ct ion .
MANCHESTER . —Carpenter ' s Hall .. —Two lectures were delivered in the above Hall , on Sunday last , by Messrs . Donavan and Leach . The audiences ¦ were large and respectable . At tbe close of the evenings lecture , a collection was made for M'I > ouall , which amounted to £ 2 . The thanks of the meeting having been given to the lecturer , tlr . J . Lune proposed : — " That we do now form ourseivas into a public meeting , and that Mr . D . Donavan preside / ' Carried unanimously . Mr . Dixon in a few words moved the following resolution , which was seconded by Mr . Edward CiarK , and supported in an able manner by Messrs . JatiKja Clark and James Leach . Tha Chairman put it to the meeting , and it was carried unanimously . Resulved , "That we , the people of Manchester , in
public meeting assembled , do solemnly declare onr utter abhorrence of the infamous policy pursued by the present Tory Administration in the'r sAtempts to put down the agitation for a Repeal of the Legislative Union ) by meana so utterly repugnant to tbe spirit of the Constitution as the enactment of Arms Bills , removal of magistrates , and exhibitions of military force ; and we further declare onr firm determination to > cp ^ opara ^ e With the people of Ireland in their peaceful ' straggle Tor the attainment » f a Domestic Legislature hoping , however , that it win be based upon such an extension of th 9 suffrage as will render it subservient
to , and trader the controul of , the whole people ; that notwithstanding tbe denunciation of Chartism by the Irish leaders and their mafignant misrepresentation of our motives , we hereby pledge ourselves , in conjunction with our Chartist brethren generally , t » resist by every legal means in our power any unconstitutional aggression ttat may be made upon the people of Ireland , while peacefully endeavouring to raise that long oppressed country from a state ot vassalage and dependency , to snch a position among the nation as her numerical strength , internal resources , and every principle of justice , so eminently entitle ber to maintain . "
South Lancashire Delegate Mjbeti » s . —A special meeting of the South Lancashire delegates was held in the Chartist Room , Brown-street , on Sunday last , to ascertain the opinions of the Chartists , of this division of the county , as to who were to be the parties to represent them in the contemplated National Conference The various delegates having handed in their credentials , Mr . Hougbton , delegate from Warrlogton , was unanimously called upon t 6 preside . The Secretary read tho minutes of the last meeting , which were confirmed . The chairman then called the attention of the delegates to the business for which they were met , viz ., the recommending of two . fltand proper persons to represent their interests in the forthcoming conference , whenever that
conference should be called . Mr . Nattall said that he was sorry that the question had not been taken np by tha country with that spirit which its importance demanded . It was still his opinion , and the opinion of those whom he represented , that the first step that they , could take was the calling of a conference ; such conference to agree to a plan of organization , and then to elect an executive committee that would carry its provisions into operation . This was the opinion of all the delegates present They , at tbe fiame time , hoped that their Chartist brethren would not look upon them aa dictators , but give the subject that consideration which its importance demanded . They were also aware that tho 17 th instant would be too soon ; but they earnestly recommend to the country the necessity of eucb
conference as early as possible . Several persons were then put in nomination , out of which two were to be balloted for , the successful candidates to be recommended to the various localities in South Lancashire as fit and proper persons to be elected at public meetings to represent the division . On the ballot being taken the Totes were in favour of Mr . Christopher Doyle and Mr . Wm . Dixon . Mr . Chadwick rose for the purpose of moving a resolution . His object in doing su was to prevent , as much as possible , one person representing two or more places in the Conference . It would be remembered that in tbe last Conference held in'Birmingham , that some of tbe members represented two , and some of them as many as three places , yet they were only allowed one vote , which might have proved fatal to
out cause bad it not been for the large majority of onr friends who were present In order therefore to provide for tbe representation of all places , he would move the following resolution : — " That we , the South Lancashire delegates recommend to those counties who think proper to elect delegates to the contemplated Conference to avoid as mneh as possible from electing those tnat have already been returned for other places . " The resolntion waa seconded by Mr . Milter , and carried unanimously . Mr . Miller said he-was instructed by the Chartists of Old ham te bring the case of the political prisoners , now confined in Kirkdale , and other gaols , before the meeting . He ( Mr . Miller ) thought that if they were to petition for one man , thay ought to do the same for alL There was many good
and hone , st Chartists now in prison who were not speakers but they were men—and therefore had as much right to our assistance as those who were in tbe habit of speech-making . He would , therefore , move the following resolution : —•• That we , tbe South Lancashire delegates , in County Council assembled , d » recommend to the Chartists in the various localities of this district to call public meetings forthwith , for the purpose of petitioning Parliament in bebalf of the political prieonetBat present Incarcerated in Kirkdale , and all other of her Majesty ' s prisons . " The resolntion waa seconded by Mr . Greaty , and carried without a dissentient " The delegates then took into consideration the letter of Feargua O'Connor , Esq ., which appeared in the Star ol Saturday last , July 1 st ; and . with all due
deference to that gentleman ' s opinions , they begged leave to differ with him upon the propriety of electing an Executive Committee under present drennutaneea . They thought that It is Indlspensibly necessary that the Chartist body should have an Organization before they proceed to the election ef a governing head . They therefore give it as their opinion , that the first step towards so desirable an object , is the calling of a National Conference , to agree to a good and efficient plan of Organization ; after which it will be necessary t * eleot an Executive to carry oat the provisions of tho plan agreed to by the people ' s rtpresentatives . The thanks of the delegates were given to the Chairman and Secretary , and the meeting adjourned until Sun . day , the 16 th of July , at one o ' clock in the . afternoon .
3"O Tee Imperial Chaht1st5.
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FEARQTJS ©• CONNOR IN ACCOUNT WITH THE DEENCE PUND . DR . £ b d By John Cleave < A ) 486 0 0 From Mr . Pray , through Evexity Star ( B ) 234 0 0 Meeting in the Hall of Science , Manchester 15 0 0 Fxom the ChartistB of Preston ... ... 4 0 0 Lnnn , Lancaster ... ' 10 0 Birmingham , by Mr . Rgberts 2 0 0 Manchester , do . ... 6 11 0 From two men , at Hall of Science , Manchester ... 0 8 0 Received at 2 Cort ? iern Star Ofi&W { Q ) ... ] 78 4 5 Received self , from Manchester ... ... 4 15 0 Post Office Order sent from Birmingham , and made payable to me 200
CK . £ 931 18 5 To Peplow , Stafford 50 0 0 Do . 10 0 0 Manchester Committee , for Liverpool Special Commission ... - 5 e o Shee , for Chester Special Commission IE ) 29 0 0 Cash paid in feeB of office , for removing the trial into Queers Bench IF ) ... n 6 0 Returned Camp bell 110 Paid White ' s Committee 5 0 0 To Peplow , for Cooper's last trial 25 » 0
Paid for do ., for two Snbjanas 0 12 0 P % id Council , Belf ... 16 10 0 To W . P . Roberts , Esq . 310 11 0 Paid on registration of money letters ... Z 8 0 Doyle , at Lancaster iCr ) ..- •« — 10 0 Leach 10 0 Turner 10 0 Bairstow ... ... I 10 0 Beesley 1 10 0 M'Cartney 100 Pray , with subpoena to attend trial ... 10 0 0 Ruffy Ridley , for defendants , when in
London ( H ) 10 0 Ditto , to bear his own expences to Gloucester 10 0 Doyle , when In London ( I ) 1 18 0 Riilton , ditto ... ... 1 10 0 Harney , ditto 10 0 Parkes , ditto 10 0 Taylor , ditto 10 0 Amn , ditto 10 0 Skevi ngton , ditto 12 0 Beirstow . ditto ... 0 15 0 White , ditto ... 0 7 6 M'Cartney 0 5 0 Fenton 2 15 0 Durham ... ... ... ... «•• 0 5 0 Alnndin and witnesses ^ per CJeave ... 0 10 0 Peplow , by ditto ... 2 0 0 Cnfey , by ditto — «• 2 10 0
Total ... ... £ 597 11 6 Balance in Treasurer's bands , to meet unsettled accounts ... ... ... 334 6 11
notes £ 931 18 5 A . The sum of ; £ 5 i > 101 the victim fund added to the amount received by me from Mr . Cleave , wijj mate the anionnt of £ 532 the total received by him . B —There may be some errors , bnt most of them in my favour , in tbe Evening Star ' s account , because Mr Pray paid several sums , on account of defence funrt received by him , and which are included in the £ 234 ; while I have not taken credit for any of them . When 1 have more time , however , any errors that may appear oi either side under this head shall be corrected . C—Not one farthing of the money received at the Northern Star office has ever been nsed , er placed even to my credit , though I have often been hard enough pressed for money .
D— £ 2610 s . of the above sum was returned by Peplow , and makes a part of the £ 234 credited from the Evening Star , where it wis acknowledged ; and I cannot withhold from Peplow those ^ hanka which . I now tender him , and to which he is pre-eminently entitled from the whole country for the ; zsal , the ability , and honesty he manifested throughout the Special Commission , Cooper ' s recent protracted trial , and upon all occasione whenlus Bervices were legnired . I mnst farther state that he is a l&d working man ; nnd that he ess aot received one farthing for the lots of bft » em thirty and forty days . I do not wish to establish a bad precedent , inconve
and one which may snbject ma to wy great - nience ; but at the wme time r « taire : boneBty and love justice , and therefore If Jt is the wish of the Chartist body , I shall h » ve much pleasure in remunerating Peplow f er his loss of time . I must also observe that Mr . Roberta has never received one farthing for his services * t the Special Commission ; and that independently of his attendance there , at Lancaster , at Manchester far a , considerable time getting up his case , and in London for some months , he also attended at York and at Derby to arrange the defence of the Chartists ba those places .
Titfbarttet Eutelu' Sencc.
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BRIGHTON . —At a public meeting holden at the Cap of Liberty , Portland-street , on Monday last , of the members of thej National Charter Association , residing at Brighton , Mr . Pag *; in the chair , it was proposed by Mr . Trower , seconded by Mr . Flaxman , " That we approve of the suggestion that Mr . Wheeler be appointed General Secretary , pro . tern , tc the Nationa . 1 Ch ' arter Association . " STOCKPORT . —On Sunkay last , Mr . C . Doyle , of Manchester , addressed a oarap meeting twice ; first , at two o ' clock iu the afternoon , aud again at six o ' clock in the evening . jOa both occasions they were well attended , and the auditory highly satisfied with Mr . Doyle ' s method of exposing the existing system .
8 TROTJDWATBR . —The Chartists of this locality are forming themselves into classes . No . 1 class meets every Monday night , at Mr . Pritchard's , near the Cross , High street , Strpud , whore true friends to the cause of liberty are ; earnestly solicited to attend . Members of the Council are requested to attend on Monday evening , July 10 th , at eight o ' clock precisely , on businessjof importance . NEWPORT , Isle of Wi-ght .. —At the weekly meeting of the Chartists of Newport , held at the King ' s Head Inn , the following resolution was unanimously passed : " That our j best thanks be given to Patrick O'Higgins , Esq ., for the very able and straightforward manner in . which he advocates the principles of the Charter : aad we would also beg to
intimate that we fully agree with the resolution passed at the Dublin Chartist meeting oa June thel 8 ' , h . j ROCHDALE . —On Sunday last a camp meeting was holden on Sabden , which was not bo well attended , owing to the wetiiesa of the day . The police as usual were in attendance ; oae , an inspector from Bary , and another , said to be of a higher rank , from jBoltou ; there jwore besides some full privates . All , however , passed ' off as orderly as if there bad not been a policeman there . At tha close of the proceedings it was announced that another camp meeting would take place that day fortnight , on Cronkeyshaw . In tho evening Mr . J . Mills leoturedinthe Chartist Rjom , which was very well attended .
On Tuesday last Mr . James Leach , of Manchester , lectured in the Theatre , to a numerous aud attentive audience . Mr . Miles Hodson was called to the chair . In a few appropriate remarks he introduced Mr . Leach , who was received with loud applause . Mr . Leach commenced bis lecture by remarking on the mole-like ! position of the "free traders , " attacking their fallacies , especially their darling one , wherein they invariably instance the year 1835 as a year of great prosperity , in consquence of bread being ' cheap "; and jthat if we bad " cheap bread" trade would always be in a prosperous condition , and our poor comfortably Bituated . Mr . L . contrasted the price of provisions at tbe present fciaje with their price in 1835 , re ^ arkin ^ that they are " cheaper" this year than they were in 1835 ; yet , he asked where was our prosperity , " or the " comforts of the poor ? " Was it in ! the increasing amount of poor rates * ? or in tho amount of parochial relief Bastiles 1
which they ( the poor ) received in the He showed that oppression and misrule were at the bottom of most of the felonies committed in this country ; that tbe working classes had been so far neglected and degraded by tjhose abova them , that some of them had ceased to respect themselves , and therefore could not bo expected to respect others . He then dilated on the tyrannical and avaricious disposition evinced by m > st of our present manufacturers , and instanced their respective codes of stringent rules , which in ut .-irlly all instances ended with so much of a " fine . " He concluded by remarking on the present position of the Government ; that it was anything but a bed of roses . Ireland was doing something for herself in j her own way— Rebecca ' s daughters" ( among whom he thought were some stout men ) were doingjsomefching for themselves too , and were saying little abont it ; and England had her millions of Chartists yet , who would not let slip au opportunity of procuring justice .
MANCHESTER . —The Chartist youths held their weekly meeting on Tuesday evening , in the Chartist Room , Brown-street . The room was filled with a mixed audience of youths and adults . Mr . William Davon was unanimously called to the chair . Mr , John Hargraves opened the discussion upon ' ¦ Tae cause of the present distress , and the best remedy , " which had been adjourned froW the Tuesday night previous . The following gen ' tlemen took part in the discussion , which was kept up , in the best spirit , till tea o ' clock , —Messrs . Scholefield , Nuttall , Moor , Cams , acd Kenyon . j The disoussiou was adjourned until Tuesday evening next .
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1 i : I '¦ j MB' LEEDS GENEEiiL ADVERTISER . !
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Y 0 L- ft- NO . 295 . SATURDAY , JULY 8 , 1843 . ^ ; mce ^ ° ^^ * " ¦* " *«<* - ' i i ^ ' I Vive HiilXUpgs per Qqyrter .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 8, 1843, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct489/page/1/
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