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EXTENSIVE AND FATAL CONFLAGRATIONS—F1YE L1TES LOST.
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" Mr* Stevenson's valuable work on * Throat Deafness.' the various forms of which he was the
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first to notice , name , and cure—will add greatly tb the well-earned professional reputation the author has long sustained , as one of the most scientific and successful practitioners in the treatment of Ophthalmio and Aural Diseases . " -r-Jiath Herald . Fourth Edition , price Is . ON THROAT DEAFNESS , with numerous cases , showing that this frequent but little suspected disease admits . of . easy and effectual relief , without cutting out the tonsils , blowing air , or thrusting ; instruments through the nose or month into the eustachian passages . By John Stevenson , E .-q , ; M . R . C . S , 38 , Conduit-street , Hanover-fquare , many years Surgeon to the Royal Infirmary for Cataract , Lecturor on the Structure and Diseases of the iEye and Ear , Oculist to his late Majesty . Oculist and Auriat to other Members of tko Royal Family , and to the King of the Belgians . S . Hifthley , 32 , Fleet-street , Of : whom may be bad ,: the Sixth Edition of the Author ' s work on Cataract , 3 j . Seventh Edition , on Deafness , its Causes , Prevention , and Cure , 3 d . On Weakness of Sight , Third Edition , 3 * . 6 d .
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Just Published , Price 23 6 d . ( Or sent free to the most remote parts of the Kingdom , in a sealed envelope , on the receipt of a post-office order for 3 s 6 d . )
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Messrs . Perry and Co have removed their Establishment Jrom Birmingham to No . 19 , Berners street , Oxford-street , London . 1 THE THIRTEENTH EDITION . Just Published , Price 2 s . 6 dM in a sealed envelope , and sent Free tojany part of tho United hjosdom on the receipt of a Post Oiflce Order for 3 s . 6 d ,
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THE BEST MEDICINE IN THE WORLD !!! EEAD ! AND JUDGE FOB YOUBSELVES ! ! HP HE following statement of facts has been ^ m J . municated to the Proprietors of JrAltito
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Gentlemen , —When I consider tho very great relief 1 have experienced from the use of Parr ' s Life Pills , I think it not only to be my duty to you but to rvery one who may be suffering from similar complaints with-which I have been afflicted , to make my astonishing case as public as possible . For a long time past I have been greatly troubled [ with a most severe nervous complaint , giddiness , and swimming in the head , which increased to such a degree that at times I was compelled to leave off from my work , being unable to bear the least fatigue or excitement .
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A most extraordinary Case of Cure communicated , by Mrs . Moxon of York . Mrs . Mathers , of that City , had for many years been affected with a most inveterate disease , which
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From Mr . R . Turner , Lewton . To MessrB . T . Roberts & Co ., Crane Court , Fleetstreet , London . Lenton , near Nottingham , Dec . 12 , 1842 . Dear Sir . —I beg leave to tender you my warmest thanks for the great benefit whioh I have recieved from your valuable Parr ' s Life Pillsin the oure of a distressing species of fluttering , or palpitation of the heart , which I experienced some years , and which has now , by the use of three small boxes of your invaluable medicine , entirely left me ; and indeed , I now enjoy better health and spirits than I havo done for some time . Hoping you will , for the benefit of the public at large , make my case known , I remain , Gentlemen , yours , very gratefully ,
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From F . Mattheisz , Jaffra , Ceylon . Jaffra , October 17 th , 1842 . Sir , —I beg to inform you that having undertakes the small supply of the celebrated Parr ' s Life Pills , lately received nere from you by tfce Rev . P . Percival , they have met with a very rapid eale , and the constantly increasing demand from every part of the province ensures to a very large extent success to the dealer , and good to the people at large . May % theiefore take the liberty of requesting you will be good enough to send me 1000 boxes by tho very first opportunity , making , if you please , the usual discount to purchasers of such large quantities . I beg to remark that the value of the above will be given by me into the hands of the Revi-Mr . Percival , who has kindly offered to be responsible to you for the same . I remain , your obedient ervant . F . MATTHEISZ . please address me F . Mattheisz , Jaffra , Ceylon .
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To Messrs . T . Roberts and Co ., Proprietors of Parr ' s Life Pills , Crane-Court , Fleet-street . Communicated by Mr . H . Foster , Chemist , Winchester . East Stratton , sear Winchester , Deo . 13 th , 1842 . Sir , —Yon will remember I sent to your shop for a bottle of medicine round which was a paper containing testimonials of cures effected by the use of Parr ' s Life Pills . Amongst many others I observed one ; a case of Rheumatism , which appeared to me similar to my own case , and seeing it so successfully treated , simply by the use of Parr ' s Life Pills . I re-
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CAUTION—BEWARE OF IMITATIONS . Ia order toproteot the publio from imitations , the Hon . Commissioners of Stamps have ordered tk « words Parr ' s Life Pills to be engraved on the Government Stamp , which ia pasted round the sides of each box , ir white letters on a bed ground Without this mark of authenicity they are spurious and an imposition ! Prepared by the Proprietors , T . Roberts and Co ., 9 , Crane Court , Fleet-street ,
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TO fra CHABTIST PUBLIC . - STB-VeSUSG BBOXHKBS TOa THE RUSHTS OP Iobottb , —When the EmsUr mechanic sod mere employer of labourers , siose among our class , tbe divided interest of the two -classes becarce so apparent as to sngges * the necessity of establishing "» society of each -tade , rto check encroachments on tror daily bread ; and to take advantage of a rise in prices of masBfactmei and proviBKOiB , to obtain for the producer a fair share of She increase ; and , as these Trade Sttablishmeato tiecssie larger , fha increasing eoerc&cbm&nts xesdered tbe preventative societies more necessary , and their gntea the more arduous .
Amocg tbe struggles agalsit the -wealthier and ¦ wealth-seeking class , those of tra £ e societies r 3 » B . ve been the most important . Of ten have they attempted toincresee ? the Tragea of labour ; oftener baTe they struggled Klin Xbm over-reaching Binployer , Those avarice led him to seek riches by " Trithholdlng the lire of the labourer ; " j nother words , eat down -wages Often hare they , in tbeir endeavours to obtain sad vniriT . t&fa a "fair flay !* -wages . lor a . fair day ' s -work , " been obliged to strike "work , irith a view to indnce the oppressor to forego his racked purpose j and but too often iave they , for the -want of some substantial property to fall back vpaa , "be « n obliged to return to their laborious occupations "worse slaves than tkeyxsme ontJ : JM . These "were , ho-werer , only the more prminent
attempts of Trades Unions . They haTe many and « qaaDy praise-worthy functions , Their utistence haTe been one continued struggle against the numerous attempts of the employer to reduce prices . J « all irddes : iaen they often saved thtir respective members ¦ or particular shops , from snSerlng reduction * , by taking oat the individual on -whom reduction "was attempted , anS allowing him -weekly payments according to the 202 S ofiia lanmy till lie could get employment else--where . This indeed is oneof their chief benefits ; the chief object for -which they are associated . When a member is obliged to leaTe a town through -want of employment , he isfumiahed -with & travelling card , on ¦ which he is Teaeve&jii all towns -wiere there is such a society , txcept London . They also airard-a certain sum
at the jdeati of a member or wife to decently Inter than ; and in some bodies the ; Insure their members * tool against less by nre , "which they tan do at a much cheapei nte ^ than ^ T" * members could 60 it individually ^ tn - fT" ^* * adTBJzia ^ es ii rn '' ***^ io tt > ptt » Tm » ti » and £ zsi 3 es under the olfi" plan of local bodies ; hut as the local Ixxlres-were frequently unable to maintain strikes -without appealiDg to o ' ier local bodies for pecuniary aid , the idea suggested Itaelf of consolidating all the local bodies of a trade 5 nta one rational body . Several trades attended this , in TaricuB-ways ; but the nearest approach to a perfect jyiUm of natiotal trade society 1 think , is the Manchester Union of Operative Cabinet Makers j the plan of which -was drawn np by a meeting of delegates from tbtioub to-wns , and amended by a
* e « ma delegate mfeficg . These lave made great improTementa on ordinary trade societies , to wit , the estabjithmg of a universal system of relief for their tramps of one . penny per mile , and the equalizing all the txpences according to the number of members . Bnt-this body , ttrrough faults that have been Temoved and faults that still exist , lass been much xednced . And it Is to be lamented that-when theiiralesset forth the simple -way in -which all faults may be rectified , many lodges zhculd have -withdrawn -without taking advantage of the " rules and their own light to seek amendment . JLoitBier , several lodges still remain in Union ; and others are gradually falling In , being , by dear Expedience , brought to xee tin ! "Hit Union" -wiib all its faults , confers greater benefits than any local body can do .
Some of the mostprominent faults of these bodies are the fines for DOD-attcDeance on certain lodge sights and -committees ; fines for refusing to serve on committees , and other offices ; fines f- ; r neglecting to clear the hxkM on certain nights ; fiaea for being In arrears ; fines to ^ o to the secretary for summoning to pay arrears' thereby inereatioga poor man ' s arrears i instead-of devishtg sosae meanj io prevent » TTf » T ? i oz some cheap and easy method l » gel them in ; and lar tiy , -when yon leave them and -wish to return , fines for re-entering . The primary fault of these bodies has keen , that they lave not been stfficienfly brotherly ; although in meeting , » r brother ** has been continually © a their ^ lips . Although they had gr&st and good cibjecta in -new , their plans -were not sufficiently extensive to tfecS theiz desires .
The trades , then , have established local bodies , and proved them inefficient ; seeing that they eoaU not get a sufficient number of th * 3 * brother operatiTes into tbero to maie a successful stand against encroachment . They have tried national bodies ; and toough they haveimprovedon the old plans , they are EtDl ' inefficiect ; seeing thBy are not sufficiently adapted to the -wants , "wishes , and feelings of the nnmereus and various opera tions in theix respective trade * . They » U need great amfTflgttfvnKj and to such amendations let us turn our attention , and proceed to shew , by argument from sound premises , -what alterations and additions are necessary .
Thai these societies haTe done a great amountof good , in that they have prevented 20 rapid a redaction of the price of labour , as the * nrplbyers sangkt to effect ; sad in that they have relieved a great many of their fellows from the heavy seonrge of tyranny and jroyertj , h a pleasing fact ; and goes to shew the much greater amount of good that could be done by an extensive association and a larger sphere of action . Most members of trade societies argue ; " if eTery nan iue-w his ' interest ; If all of the tzade -would nnite -with us , -we should be able to -mttiTrtjfln the price * f labour . * ' Thia observation Is trne , yet those who thas argue seem not to have tbe inclination or ability to investigate , and ascertain -whether the real fault is sot more in the cocstitn
Kon of their own society than in the individuals who keep out of it Por instance : there Is the " entrance fee . " I know it lor certain that the inability to save even a five shillings " entrance fee havs been the only thing that has kept some men out of a society they desired to join . Other men may say that such men -would be so good , in soy society . I nave had good opportunity of knowing to the contrary . I have known poor members who could sot save a shilling frem their fnnfflreii ; yet the best members of societies to ¦ which they and I have belonged . They have -worked hard for it ; stinted themselves of pence , and subscribed ireely and vnQingly ; but shlUings they could not give .
It is almost surprising that -with such noble , generous precepts as -we have before us continually , and with Buch apparent desire to form Associations for the benefit of the wurMng classes ; vrith such professions of ** Brotherhood" on our lips , and Invitation to nnion ; Unng amongst ear order , and Trttnesjing their privations , and itsllng occasional ! t the pinch of poverty ourselves , - we should » o far forget all these things as to enact such restrictions as the terms of Association . Come , brother Operatives , Jet a re » ligM Sawn irpoa ss . Let these " old thinfs para away . " Let nsbegin the -work anew . A-way -with all restrictions , except those that are necessary to the maintenance of order . Depend ont if an " entrance fee" or fines" keeps a
food brother from yonr Association , you lose the j unonnt-of his -weekly suhsaiptiozs ; and if title removal of Hie " entrance fee" -will admit more members , you " will gain the amount of their -weekly or monthly subacrlpfcions , and the services and brotherly bonds ef the men . Depend on it , too , that he -who needs a " fine " to be held aaaiod overturn ro keep him to hi * duty , win never make a good servant ; neither-will he-who Is * weed into ofilse to avoid a fine . Erery man * is not fii lor offlre ; and it is the height of fefiy to force men into offices for vrhich they are unfit . No -wonder your businessiasomfctiines 21 done or neglected , -when ye aet " Pjesear * men to on it In f nture let it be our rule to " P oar officers , not" »** them
^ pre . Broker ( aiartists and operative , In conclusion , I wJh !* ^ Sotaetoe 3 ' ^ tt all their faults , have S ^ a ^ aSSS may ttieir benefits be extended by lai aaSi ^ ¦ ^ f ^ teusive spheres ia ^ g ^ d&b " a "union ** of- Eereral Ioc 3 l 5 «« ^ a ^ elected head extendsand t ao . J'SS . S ^ . S an incalculable amount of advantege wo ^ b 7 de ^ r fern a consolidation of alltrada and ° * Z ^ T parfacular buanesawith tlecied
; - one e « u « a a S tod , to execute tbe SBneral busfcea ; ^ batimmeS advantageTTould accroearom tbe consolidation of S fends , to make purchase of property , and emtr tss &i hands tbalnay - be called out onrtrike , « S 5 S ™ -of employ from any other ause . Ihus would beaaTed to tbe members the vast sums of money that now amm aBygoforstnkes ana trasops . Consider too , that the turn ' « ut and tramp-would be placed in Immediate oomfon and independence . Intime , -we « onld sraenaDy raise "Wages and prices to an equal remuneration with -what V « eonia get in our own establiihnienta . Oar piacacal knowledge In oar several businesses , would groduce ¦ slfimatfily a general prtlerence to our piodneaens , and
« nure to us a large share of tbe home market ; asd if ¦ i rsfeltindinedtoseek It , of tbe foreign market also . And h * To -we not a . right to all these things ? Shall -weDOt ^ etS by such a union a part of the advantages I have enumerated ? 2 a it notTrorUi oar -while to attempt aichaunion ? "What wa ~ want now Is a plan emlracuig all these 5 Oujta 7 > -. 3 Fe could not bring the whole into operation intmedizteiy / bat ire may by — little and by lirtls , " as &e EXiioty iocrtases and the funds admit Weihooia , hc « -6 Ter , have tlae Trbole road juaried oat clear . ibat "we may commence the joarcej ksawin ^ " Jt * * ud tess ^ oL Is Hzadons lor-g ^ ng , I lerjani your devoted Giir tsrs ,
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TO XHB KDITO * OF THB HOBTHKKS STAB . Sib—The once-btlieved fate of Zaphsniab Williams caanot fail to have drawn a sigh from every breast , espe cially -where the principles -with -which he and bis compatriots had identified themselves are known . What direful Buffering must that bei which can produce saeh a reckless disregard of life us -was said to have betm evinced in his unhappy case ! Why , in the same of heaven , should it be inflicted or endured ? Over and over again , these tales of misery reach onr * ars—time after time the sigh of
suffering is borne across the extended ocean ; no one dares to deny the amount < tl -wretchedness therein conveyed ; and yet nothing is done to rescue human beings —our fellow creatures—onr countrymen—from its horrors 1 Why -was tender compassion and ! fellow feeling implanted in our nature , if not on occasions like these to manifest themselves ? Jfo pestilential sconrge produces this suffering , nor lack of returning seasons -with their fruits . The cause of the evil man may remove ; for he himself gave birth thereto , and what be creates he can destroy . '
Bear -what an eye -witness says of the sufferings endured at Port Arthur and Marqaarrie Harbour" Tbe Inquisitions in Spain -were nothing in atrocity and diabolical sacrifice of human life to these earthly helis . The prayers and groans of the dying creatures are drowned inthe bustle of renewed tortures , and the rattling of chains attached to - their unfortunate companions . Some -wreak tfceir vengeance on tbe instruments of hell , so as to be executed in Hobarttown , hoping then to have an opportunity of disclosing the sickening cruelties practised towards them . This is , however , denied them ; the clergyman frequently , putting his hand to the mouth of the dying mas to prevent the assembled multitude from hearing his last : words ; and making tbe signal to the executioner many seconds before the appointed time , lest one -word should , escape from the lips of the murdered victim . " :
A -writer in the Colonial Mwarixe . after detailing the sufferings of e'ght run-away convicts , rwho , having betakes themselves to the bush , had been forced to « tfc each other , in order to sustain life , | till only pne remained , exclaims , " Can mertal snffjrings—mortal debasement—be presented in more abject , ! more heartrending colours ? Jl xun-avway convict—a felon murderer—forced to support life by cannibalism—hopeless to preserve it by flight—nay , even unafeie to cff < r it in atonement of an uncontemplated offence . Such -was the awful position of Pearse I the man who alone out of the eight remained ! The writer : goes on to state that Pearse was afterwards taken by some feuih-rangera , to -whom his melancholy adventures being unknown , he was merely sent back to Warquarrie Harbour : from
-which , notwithstanding all that he had ensured , such -was the horrors of his situation , he again fied ; urged thereto by a person of the name of Cox , and indnced by tbe powerful apprehension of corporal punishment for the Iobs of a shirt which had been stolon from him ; the horrors of the bush being less than his dread of remaining -where he -was . The same dreadful hunger was again endured , to which Cox fell a victim , and Pearse was shortly afterwards arrested , sent to Hobart Town , and ex tented . Murder , -we are informed , in the above-named publication , is of frequent occurrence at tbe penal settlements ; and the perpetrators have almost invariably declared that " they committed the deed , in order that they might be rid of a hopeless life . ™
Countrymen , is it not enough to banish a man for ever from his home -without following him to the distant land to -which he is exiled , there to persecute and render life thus unbearably wretched ? Would a wise and good parent thus treat his offspring , however -wayward and abandoned they had sho-K-n themselves ? But do our ruiers ever act like just and wise parents , either at home or abroad ? Few , were they to do this , would ever steed in need of banishment for their crimes ! and how different would be their conduct towards those -who were so driven ! ' We have , *'
they -would say , " exiled you for your crimes ; -with your banishment the Jaw Is satisfied ; this strange land Is now before you , make the most which nature will afford yon here ; cultivate it ; erect your o ^ fn dwellings ; be honest and industrious , aad wa rnH protect you from rapine and plunder ! But instead of such noble bearing towards unfortunate beings sent , see onr rulers dividing the Land eut of which every neoeseaxy and comfort of life hath to be made amoDgst their own profligate tribe ; and dooming all who are banished , or forced by po-rerty to emigrate , to a life of slavery and unrequited hearUtrickeniag toil !
Bestir yourselves , then , fellow workmen ; remember that it is your own class which thus suffer—tbns endure these grievances , sonl-bebasing -wrongs—&sd swear by all that ' s sacred , that they ? hit » be known and felt no lsngex . yours , &c ., Richard Mabsdeh .
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London has not in our recollection bsen visited by ffocb disastrous calamities in ao short a period » s those ¦ which occurred at an early hour on Saturday morning last , when two most destructive conflagrations burst forth almost simultaneously in Tooley-street , near London-bridge , and in Fetter-lace , Fleet-BtreeU Tbe former being attended with an enormois sacrifice of property in the total destruction of Topping ' s Wharf , St . Slave ' s Church , Watson ' s telegraph station , several -warehouses and vessels moored alongside the -wharf , and the latter resulting in a most deplorable loss of human life .
The fire near London-bridge began in Jooley-street , adjacent t » Fenning ' s Wharf , and was discovered at sbont five minutes before two o'clock . From tbe statement of the first person -who gavo the alarm , police-constable M 105 , it appears that he -tras on outy in Tooley-atreet , in that part near the bridge ,-when he noticed a glimmering light proceeding from the rear of the warehouses and stores belonging to Messrs . Ward and Co ., oil and colour merchants , situate on the north Ale of the street , between upper and lower Topping ' s Whart They extended to the -water ' s edge , a distance of several feet , and abutted on the shot factory and telegraph station . Topping ' s Wharf occupied an immense area of ground , and was considered to have been one of the principal -ware and store houses along that side of the river Thames . The policeman , upon seeing the
light , instantly sprang his rattle , and gave the alarm to Bomejof his comrades on duty in the adjacent neighbourhood . They directly proceeded to arouse the occupiers of the wbarfe and warehouses , but , finding they could make no one hear , they broke open the ^ oors , and on entering the premises of Messrs . Ward , ! found one cf the deifcs and his wife in the act of dressing themselves in their bed-room . The fire by that time was making its appearance through the windows from tbe back warehouse , and the police , seeing the very great danger in which they were placed , instantly dragged them oat of the building into the mala street . Although but a few minutes had elapsed , the fire had gained a most awful ascendancy , and the messengers who had been despatched to the various brigade stations with the intelligence , had scarcely gone a hundred yards before the horizon -was illuminated by the flaztes . '
Tbe consternation that now took place -was painful in the extreme ; the occupants of the several adjoining tenements were to be seen rushing out of their dwellings in a state of the most pitiable slam , - whilst the crowd of persons , which had by this time become very . great , -were running to and fro , it being expected that every moment a dreadful explosion of gunpowder would take place . Within ten minutes an engine from the brigade station in Southwark-bridge-road reached tbe spot , escorted by a strong body of the M division of police , under the command of Mr . Inspector Mason , who immediately forced the crowd back and blocked up all the nvennes leading to the fire , thereby keeping a clear spice for the operations of the firemen . Other brigade engines from Watling-street , "Lower Tooleystreet . and Waterloo-road , in the mean time bad come
down -with wonderful celerity , and not ; a moment was lost in . getting them in order for working . That belonging to the Southwark-bridge-road station obtianed a ready supply of -wat ~ r , but on the others arriving the Mixiety lot them ' all to get into operation -was so great that the draught of -water from the mains alongside Penning ' * Wharf ; true not Buffident to supply the whole ; the consequence -was , that they -weie scarcely of any avail until otber plugs in the neighbourhood had been drawn , -which caused considerable delay . At the time that the fixe broke out there "were several coasting vessels lying along-side , some leaded and ready to sail at daybreak ; and it was with some difficulty that the crews could be made sensible of the imminent danger in -which they and tbeir vessels were placed . Many of them , however , managed to hanl their era t into tbe centre of the ri ^ er ,
btyond the reach of the fire ; but four were aground , and , it being low water , consequently immovable . These were the Fleece , schooner , Mr . Croft , master , of Exetw , laden with a general cargo ; the ^ schooner Corn--wall , rf Truio , Mr . Worth , master ; the Theisa , of Weymonih ; and a brig trading vesseL The crews mounted the rigging , and for a length of time prevented by great exertion the Bhlps from taking fire ; but ihe fi / mt » rapidiy increasing soon forced them to quit tbeir situations , the heat being so oppressive that their liTea were in jeopardy . An attempt : was made by several of the brigade men to f race a Htream of -water from the -wharf of Messrs . Goodcbild , J-which adjoins i- enning- Wharf , on to tbe Teasel * , tbe hose of one of SSL # £ * & *** ****** been taken through theprenuses for that purpose ; hut after most strenuous * xerfrom the
fl ^« T "S ! ^^ in efiectual lvioleuce of the st ot £ riJ ? J ? , bnga ? from tte Southwark-bridge Sng alr ^™ ! fl ** haXI ^ V *«*** . * A momenTwaf loiHnt ^ - "t ^ aifea , not a by tho ^ S ^ £ ^ J neasnpes * » tten resorted to saSS ^ s ^ s ^ r ^ - iS ^ f ™ - sssifasissSs-Ir ~ s Wr * x ma Top ,,, * , wt , * £% 2 ££ ?
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Messrs . Scovell ; -were likewise in tames , and from their confined situation it was apparent that there -was no c&auce of saving them from , destruction . These premises almost surrounded Messrs . Ward ' s warehouses , and communicated by a narrow passage . The conflagration now became terrific ; every now and then loud e xplosions were heard to proceed from the cellars under Ward ' s warehouse , -which subsequently proved to have' been occasioned by the barrels of oil and turpentine bursting . Mr . Braidwood , finding that the fire was likely to croas Tooley-street frem Topping ' s Wharf to the [ extensive warehouses of Messrs . Cox , Brothers , and Co ., Messrs . Ruck and Co ., and Mr . Bloyd , wholesale merchants , on tbe opposite side , directed the branch of lhe floating engine to be brought
into the road ; and its power directed against the abovenamed buildings , the land engines being still unprovided with b good supply of « rat « r , an evil which is only felt at this particular part of the metropolis , and to which alone ! is attributed the destruction caused by the fire -which ; occurred at Fenning ' s Wharf in 1830 . At about half-past two o ' clock the Lord Mayor arrived on the spot , a special messenger having been Bent to him at tbe MaaBion-house , apprising him of the danger bis Lordship ' s -warehouses -were in . He immediately held a consultation with Mr . Braidwood upon the propriety of having the hose of several engines conveyed on to the roof of Fenning ' s Wharf , to prevent the fire extending in that direction . Tbe wind was in a contrary quarter , and a strong party-wall divided the
premises , the latter gentleman , however , considered it unnecessary , us the wharf was well protected , but be erdered several of bis men on to tbe roof to dear away the burning fragments as they fell on it It was here found that Watson ' s Telegraph Tower , which stood between Mr . Ward ' s premises and Lower Topping ' s Wharf , had taken fire , and that the -devouring element was making rapid progress in the direction of St . Olave ' a Church . At the same moment the other floating engine of the Brigade establishment from Botberhithe came np , and was got into play as near these buildings'as practicable . Towards three o'cloek the land engine ^ succeeded in getting an ample supply of water , all the plugs in the neighbourhood having been opened , and the torn-cock
belonging to the water-works having turned on tho principal main at ! the Brixton reservoir , and shut off all the different service-pipes which were attached to it , excepting those which led to the scene of destruction . By thlB time the concourse of persona who had been attracted by tbe extraordinary light in the atmosphere -was immense , and the duty the police had to perform in keeping the pressure ^ twek was arduous in tbe extreme . From all tbe bridges , which ¦ were for hours lined -with spectators , tbe whole action of \ he fire could be distinctly traced . The numerous towers and steeples in the metropolis and tbe houses and "wharfs which lined the river side were perceived with even more distinctness than when standing out in the noonday bud ; St . Paul's Cathedral and tbe Monument had a most beautifal appearance , tbeir summits appearing as if sheathed with the brightest copper . Th * flames at intervals rose to an immense height , and there was not a portion of the metropolis which was not
brightly illuminated , while the whole scene along the Thames , as far as tbe eye could reach , assumed , from tbe intensity of the illumination , an appearance brilliant beyond description . In the lower Topping ' s Wharf there Was an immense quantity of paper , the flames from which , as tbe floors fell in , rose to a very great height , and tbe wind being rather strong , wafted portions of the Burning matter for a considerable distance round . In fact , some portion set on fire the house of Mr . Jones , tea-dealer , in the Borough , fall 600 yards from Tooley-street , and considerable lost of property took place ere the firemen could stop the progress of this new calamity . Although upper Topping ' Wharf was separated ' from Mr . Child ' s gloss warahouse and dwelling-house by a party wall , yet the flames overtopped it , and descended to the other side into the ghss warehouse , and set it on fire , notwithstanding the fl . emen were on the roof with their branch pipes ; nor were they able to check tbe flames until the property had sustained serious damage .
The telegraph tower was an object of great attention during the progress of the fire , owing to its peculiar construction and great elevation above all the Burreunding premises , being nearly 150 feet in height It was formerly ueed as a shot factory , bat recently it has been purchased by Messrs . Watson , of Cornfeill , who had used it as a telegraph station for the communication of intelligence from the Downs and otber parts ol the coast . For nearly half an hour , though it was situate in the very centre of dancer , singular to state , it withstood the xavages of tbe fire . At lost , however , about half-past two o'clock , dense volumes of smoke were seen issuing from all the windows from the basement to tbe summit . In an instant almost the whole of tbe building banst into a vivid man of flame , whichaaot
above tbe burning wharf and premises to a considerable height Tbe appearance of tbe conflagration at this moment became of surpassing brilliancy , and we very much doubt whether a more sublime bat awful sight was ever witnessed by the oldest inhabitant of the metropolis . The morsing being perfectly dear , tbe refi-ction was been to a considerable distance , etery one of the public buildings on tbe banks of the Thames being lighted up , and , viewing the confligrar tion from Blackfriara or Waterloo-bridge , it seemed as if the -whole range of wharfs along shore at Horsfcly-< Jown and Rotherhithe was in flimes . The tower being composed of wood , 4 t continued burning furiously for an extraordinary length of time . Tbe floating engine of jibe brigade , the operations of which excited considerable praise , attempted to play upon it , bat the intense mass
of fire on the wharf rendered it impossible to subdue tbe fiimes , while it was equally impracticable for the land engines to force water up to its summit . About half-past three o ' clock tbe whole of the tower fell with a tremendous crash to tbe ground , sending forth a most terrific cloud -of dost and burning fragments . This event was for some time wished for , as the principal danger to tbe surrounding wharfs was removed , and more particularly as the firemen , from the great height of the tower , bad not the least command of it . Daring tbe period that it was in flames a report was current that several persons were observed in the tower , and that they had been seen to disappear amongst the ruins . We have made inquiries as to the truth of this statement , but we cannot find any foundation for It . No one slept in the building .
Immediately on St Cave ' s Church being observed to be in danger , Beven engines were brought to play on to that part of lower Topping ' s wharf which ad jbined the tower of the church , while the branched of otbers were taken through tbe church to the burial-ground by tbe water ' s side . ; From Tooley-street there appeared to be a substantial party wall between the sacred edifice asd tb 6 wharf , which was afterwards found to be but a mere screen "; of lath and plaster , with a layer of bricks outside . Upon this giving way , which happened about four o ' clock , the whole of the church tower was exposed to the bill violence of tbe conflagration . Tbe firemen , who ; were cheered on by the Lord Mayor and several of the most influential inhabitants of tbe borough , exerted themselves most strenuously to prevent its
receiving any damage . The fire , however , still raged on with terrific fury , and ia tbe course of five minutes it had gained the tower , and forced tbe brigactemen from their stations ob the root This , ss may be readily supposed , increased the consternation in tbe neighbourhood to a most painful extent , and loud cries were beard from different parts of the multitude , " For God ' s sake , ! save the Church , save the Church . '' Alas ! it was beyond human power to do so , for within a quarter of an hour the roof and tbe ceiling , whieb was considered , with tbe exception of that of St . Stephen ' s , Wallbrook , to be one of tbe most beautiful works of art to be found in the metropolis , was in ruins . The roof was similarly constructed to St Stephen ' s , being arched ] elaborately adorned with cosily mouldings , and supported by twelve fluted columns with Corinthian capitals . Tbe firemen still exerted themselves vigorously ; they continued in the aisle ,
scattering water in all directions , more particularly up to the roof as the flimes kept bursting forth . The churchwardens , Mr . Lapgley and Mr . Carver , as well as the parish officers , seeing tbat tbe destruction of the sacred building waa inevitable , commenced saving tbe deeds , registers , &c , as well as the communion plate from out of the vestry-room , which , we are happy to state , they accomplished without tbe least injury being done to them . The steeple before them waa enveloped in flames , and in the subsequent quarter of an hour the beautiful peal of bells fell from the belfrey , the greater part of them having been melted by the intense body of fire which surrounded them whilst they were banging . Within tho honr the destruction of St Olave ' s Ghnrch waB complete , nothing remained but the outer ¦ wallsand Bteeple , tbe interior being completely gutted , The loss occasioned by the destruction of the church 1 b stated to be at least £ 12 000 .
In the meanwhile tbe whoie of the walls of Topping ' s -wharf and Mr . Ward ' s premises fronting Tooleystreet fell down , and coaipUtely blocked up tbe carriage way . The -warehouse * oh the opp * B ! fce side of the street were exposed to increased danger , and it was only by tbe rest of the engines playing on them that they -were Baved-The eonfligra-Ion was not finally arrested until near seven o ' clock ; the engines still remained throwin ? torrents of water on the rnins throughout the whole of Saturday and yesterday , and even up to a late hour last evening flames were seen to rise from the immense mass of rubbish . Tbe total Joss la reported to exceed £ 70 , 000 , of which only a portion is insured .
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After ) the lapse of a few moments they discovered Mr . Newberrjr getting out of ; the second-floor window . He bitterly 3 ried oat to the constables below to render him soina assistance , in order ; to save his life ; scarcely , however , bad they considered tbe most available means to do so , before be suddenly precipitated himself into the street , and fell with much force on his back in tbe road . Tbe police instantly picked the unfortunate man np , when it was found that he bad received such severe injuries that he was evidently dying . A litter was procured , and he was conveyed on it to St Bartbo-Iomew ' Hospital ; but on his arrival be bad ceased to exist , iWithin a few minutes after several females made tbeir appearance at the upper part of the bouse . By this time a large number of peraonB had assembled , and
who state that tbe piercing cries of tbe females for help were frightful in the extreme ; but explosions constantly taking place , from the fire-works shooting from the burning building in all directions , aDd other combustibles blazing forth , kept the police from rendering any assistance . A few momenta afterwards the poor creatures had disappeared , and were not afterwards aeon , the whole of them perishing in the flames . A short' time before the engines could be got to the spot a large quantity of gunpowder exploded , and blew the back part of the premises on to the homes in Bartlett'a passage , occasioning tbe greatest destruction of property , and throwing tbe inhabitants into a state of the wildest confusion . Immediately on the Intelligence of this sad calamity being communicated to Mr . Braidwood , superintendent
of the London Fire Brigade , who was directing bis force at the i large fire at London-bridge , he instantly dispatebed as many engines as he could spare ta this fresh scene of misery and woe . Oa their arrival the firemen saw that to save any portion of Mr . Newberry' premises would be a matter of almost complete impossibility , as they were nearly enveloped in one body of fire . The flames were progressing rapidly , and the whole of the brigademen brought their sole exertions to bear upon the surrouBding dwellings , to save them from destruction , The populace worked the engines most laboriously 1 [ and at seven o'clock * the firemen pronounced the pleasing intelligence to the inhabitants , tbat the devouring element had been conquered , and that all thoughts ef danger might be appeased . Still , however , & grea . fj inasa of fire remained in Mr . Newberry ' a premises , which are totally destroyed .
It in with the deepest regret that we announce the following list of the persons who have fallen victims to thia terrible calamity : —Mr . Na ^ berry , Mr . Base , Mrs-Rose . ' Miss M'Crindell , MissiEl-ai MCrindell . This party were to have embarked for Ramagate in the morning , and had made preparations accordingly . Mr . Rose was for many years- a clerk in the Law Institution ^ Chancery-lane ; he had from a previous perilous accident suffered amputation . He was well known and universally respected . Miss Elizi M'Crindell left her lodgings at Mr . Lewis ' s , bookbinder , in ( Jough-square , and slept in Fetter-lane , in order to be in time to see her sister off to Ramsgate , and tbiis fell a victim to the common calamity . The jury , on the iuquest on the bodies of the unfortunate , individuals who perished by the dreadful fire in . Fetter-lane , returned a' verdict of " Accidental death , " ' but joined with it a strong censure on the parties having tbe custody of the fire escapes .
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jTae two following communications appeared in a portion of « nr inijJTetxioo last-week ; and bad then to be Texscved to make -way for articles of news . - We give Ifcem here zgsin , that all the readers may see them , tfcongh some of them will have the same matter twice over . This , however , -we are sure they . will excuse under tTm '^ wyr nm Kfs TipMtj
Extensive And Fatal Conflagrations—F1ye L1tes Lost.
EXTENSIVE AND FATAL CONFLAGRATIONS—F 1 YE L 1 TES LOST .
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ANOTHER DREADFUL FIRE . EXPLOSION OV A CHEMIST ' S WOSKfi lM FETTER-LAHEFIVE LIVES LOST . At about tfour o ' clock on Saturday morning , whilst the great fire was raging at Topping ' s Wharf , another fire , attended , we regret to say , with a melancholy loss of human life , took place on the prearisefl of Mr . New berry , Fetter-lane , operative chtnrist ; and firework manufacturer . They were situated on the east Bide of the street , at tbe corner of Bartletl ' s-past-age , and consisted of a substantial brick building three stories high , and front shop . The first alarm given to thfl police in the neighbourhood was by the report of a vary loud explosion , 2 nd up- n city police coi . stsblt ) Watars , 150 , accompanied by several of his bru ' . Ltr iflicers on duty , rannjng up the hue they fonc : ] : ' :- _ ¦ shop front end Jill its contents rctppletcly thrown teti t *\ o street , and flames bursting foitb with eitrenib fury .
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Fire in High street , Borough . —Whilst the fire was raging with tbe utmost fury in Tooley-atreet , Borough , and the bloaing embers were literally fulling in showers upon the High-street , a considerable piece of ignited timber waa seen to fall into the chimney of the house of Mr . Robert Jones , grocer and tea-dealer , 268 , High-street An alarm was instantly raised by a passer by , but the family could not be roused before the shop was discovered to be on fire . An engine was sent for from lhe Southwark-btidge-Toad station , which very quickly arrived . The doors having been broken opes ,
it was ! discovered that the fire which was spreading rapidly , had caught several bags of foreign fruit , which were stowed in front of a closed fire-place at the rear of the shop ; and . tbat the woodwork of the chimneypiece was on a bless as well as upwards of fifty sugar loaves ; which were lodged upon a shelf . Tbe water which' was very copious , the mates having been turned on in consequence of tbe former conflagration , was poured upon the flames , and happily they were soon extinguished , but not before considerable damage was done to the stock and tbo windows of the shop . We hear Mr . Jouea is insured .
Destructive Fire in Cambridge square . — Shortly after one o ' clock on Monday moruing , a fire of an alarming nature broke out on the premises , No . 14 , Cambridge-square , Hyde-park . In a short time the West of England , and several engines belonging to the London Firo Brigade , arrived on the spot , and though tbe flames speedily communicated to the adjoining house ( the corner of Cambridge-street and Norfolkcrescent ) , the firemen being aided by an excellent supply of water , succeeded in gaining a mastery over tbe devouring element by four o ' clock , but It was not until past five o ' clock that all fears for the surrounding buildings were at an end . The bouse was un ' . enanted , but we understand it was tilled with planking and floortig , being dried for building purposes , How the fire originated is unknown .
The Late Calamitous Explosion in Fkttfr-Lane . —h is stated by a neighbour of the ill-fated Mr . Newberry , that he was constantly cautioned against making pyrotechnic experiments , and that ha had been fined more than once for having on his premises a larger quantity of gunpowder than what the law permits to be kept in a private house . About six months since , a fir <) broke out , it is supposed from these experiments , in the back part of the house , whiobexcited considerable alarm . On that occasion he closed his door ? , and would not admit ; within them cither the police or the firemen . In consequence of the watch that was lately kept upon the experimental works , both by the authorities and his neighbours , he always deferred them to night time .
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o THE NORTHERN STAR 1 I . : ¦ ¦
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THE UATIOUAL BENEFIT SOCIETY TBB ySCESSITT , ODVASTAGES , SAUTTS , AKD- IX-¦ EF IICIEKCrES OF IKADK SOCIETIES .
" Mr* Stevenson's Valuable Work On * Throat Deafness.' The Various Forms Of Which He Was The
" Mr * Stevenson ' s valuable work on * Throat Deafness . the various forms of which he was the
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 26, 1843, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct496/page/2/
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