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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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COURT OF QUEEN'S bESCH , Satcbdat , Jcse 9 . the qtjek 5 v . sr'douall 15 b others . Mr- Eaklb had to support the rule for arresting the jn ^ gmcBt on the fourth * onnt of this indictment , and Ixfora drawing the attention of the Court particularly io the count itself , he wonld pray their Lordships wonld tear in mind -what this indictment did not charge . Ther& -were iane eonnta in thiB indictment , of -which several -were framed for inown offences of conspiracy , and several in respect of riotous and tamttltnous assem-Mies $ tut this count -was neither for conspiracy nor tnmnlinous assembling . The third connt was Identical With the fonrth , -with the exception that , instead of charsma the mere aiding and abetting , it charged the
dtfenflxcts did conspire to-aid and abet . The fourth conntTras net framed for any offence that had a name in respect of -which any precedent was to be found . He seed not draw attention to the light the defendants jjaa jo insist upon fiie presecntor pntting forward a charge of a known * nme , t © -which tbe defendants-were accessory . The indictment was framed upon the principle of charging tn the earlier part that some other persons as principal offenders weregiiilty of a principal offence -whereof theilefendgnts "were accessories before the fact by aiding and abetting . Be -was to submit that , dividing This indictment into two parts , there wu no offence charged in the first branch of the indictment ; and tbe latter branch of the indictment ; impnting that the defendants -were accessories , -was not bnffident to
-establish that offence . The first part of the indictment charged no principle offence ; it was not a charge of conspiracy , nor -was there a charge of -riotously as sembling- The description giTen -vraa , * ' that diversevil-disposed persons unlawfully and tnmultaously assembled together . " If that did not constitute an intliclsfele offence , lie -was at a toss to know hem "the intSodacmg several steps in thB indictment could form an offence . The defendants could not be found guilty of riotously assembling . It was an essential that three or metre should be charged , because the essence of the ofEk&ce -was , numbers ahonld be assembled . { Co . Iltt , 176 ; lTsntns , 251 ; Salkeld , 934 ) It-was eBSenlial that the purpose of the assembling -was to disturb the peace , or that the indictment should have gone on to shew some act , done in . common by tbs pax&es assesbled , -which in itself -would -constitute a riot , or breaking thB peace ; but it was consistent -with the present
indictment that they might hare assembled for tbe purpose of festivity or electioneering , -which were legal assemblies , and the mere adding the-word " unlawful " ¦ would sot make the indictment good . The first step , therefore did not show that the assembling -was for the purpose of breaking the peace . The second step ¦ w as , that by violence , threats , and intimidation , direr * other persons , being peaceable subjects of the realm , -were incited to leave their occupations and employments , -and thereby labour -was impeded . "Was there tol ^ e found in that statement anything -which , taken by itself , -would constitute an indictable offence ? The result -was so part of the offence . The mere impeding labour -was sot an indictable offence . The nearest offence to this -would be that of assault j bnt it -would be idle to say that a party could be . convicted of sd ? p »» mlt : by circumlocution , such as -was to be found in this indictment
3 It Justice " Williams . —If persons assembled together , and by actaol -violence impeded labour , that -would be an indictable offence , -would it not ? Mr . Sbis said his Lordship had introduced acts of ¦ violence ; the count -did not charge sets of violence . The prosecutors had abstained from charging that the divers persons bo assembled had dons an act -which wenld have brought them -within the reach of the fTTtmma law . The residue of the first branch clearly did not constitute an indictable offence by -saying that they thereby impeded labour , becauss that "was merely the result . They ought to have been charged -with an offence of a known name . Those who made the charge ought to have kept-within the known principles of the frrmfnal law . The count -was bad on the ground that
it did sot appear -where these divers persons were assembled . There-was a point of a minor description , TFhich "was that the divers persons -who -were the principal offenders -were neither named nor stated to be onknown ; and in support of fhn argument the Learned Counsel cited the case of "The King v . Caspar , " 2 Melody ' s Criminal Cases , 101 . If the party "was not known , it snouldhaVB "bsea so stated in the indictment . With respect to thB accessories not being properly charged , it -was said they -were accessories after theiact , bat it did not appear that they were present , nor that they knew -what -was going on , but it -was consistent ¦ with the indictment that they might merely-haTe subscribed money for the support of parties during the time they ceased io labour . Unless thB parties we » Bhown to have been present , it ought to be shown that
they had a knowledge of -what -was going on . ' In the 31 st voLof ibe State Trials , page 1 , the parties-were alleged to have aided persons -who -were unknown . Another objection -was , that if the parties were charged ¦ with being accessories before the fact , there would appear to be a substantial offence , bnt then they -would be charged-with being Accessories to an offence which Sid not appear to have ever existed . They-were charged ¦ with aiding and abetting the divers evil-disposed persons to continue and persist in the said unlawful assemblies . He-was dealing -with the case upon the supposition that it -was intended to say that divers persons had been guilty of an offence , and that the defendants -were accessories ; then the indictment contained n o charge that the crime of the principal offender ever-was committed .
2 Ir .-JnsTJce Pattesos said , it WBB ^ iimei £ t think how . a man could aid and assist in doing a thing unless it-was done , but it might be aiding to do a th * "g -which ¦ was intended to be done . Mr . Hbxb said , a person might supply gunpowder to a ship "when no gun -was fired . "Where there -were known effences those offences ought to be stated . It -was sot aiding and abetting in an attempt to commit a Dlademeanour . "Where an attempt -was charged , there must "fee an act done by the defendants -which -would be part of the offence supposing it should be committed . Supposing 3 pistol to be charged by a person -who intended to commit a murder , but afterwards changed Ins mind , the loading the pistol "would not bean offence , because there -was no breach of the law—the intention alone "was not criminal . Mt Justice PaHESOS said there -was a ease some
years ago where a man-went to an engraver in the Strand , and -vrishei him to make a plate for the purpose of committing a forgery on the If orwegian Government ; it ¦ was held that tkemsa was indictable—be -was indicted lar soliciting . Mr . Ekls replied , that here the case was different ; ihe defendants -were not indicted for soliciting , nor -was it an indictment for an attempt to commit a misdemeanour . The indictment did not show that they toek any part in impeding labour ; there-was no act done by the defendants . He submitted that the generality of this indictment made it bad , it -was too indefinite ; it -was so devoia of all particulars , that the defendants had sot thai reasonable information as to -what they -were called upon to answer , i « which all indicted persons
were by the law of England entitled . There never -was an indictment more bare in specifying any particulars ; the "words-were ** divers persons , at divers times , at divers places . " To -what part of England could the attention of the parties be directed ? -who -were the principal offenders ? "where "were they , "what -was the lame , "what "was the offence ? Every election mob , every holy ^ aay assembly , every festive meeting , might come -under the denomination of tnmultnous assem bling . The defendants -were not snpposed to bt jointly guilty of any one of the acts charged , for these had l > een In ™ in the indictment as several and distinct , yet
this only furnished an additional reason why the count new sought to be overturned should have been rendered more accurate and specific in its language . Among many other eases upon conspiracies , those of ' the Queen e . Tonls , * ' 5 Carr , and Payne , and " the King r . Sea-worth , " 1 Adslphus and Ellis , -were authorities to show the JT . fla-rThTnty of the Courts in regarding « generality" as fatal to an indictment . Upon these authorities , as -well as upon the loose asd vague "wording of the count , hecontended that it was opposed to the spirit and rules of the law with reference to indictments , and must therefore be held by their Lordships as TTwnffirip-nt and bad .
Mr . Dcxdas followed on the same side . It appeared to him that tha charge . intended to be set up against the " principal offenders" -was that of a riot . At least , if it -were net so , it amounted t » nothing of ¦ which he knew in criminal law , or ' of -which the frJTrmwfl courts could take cognizmce . AommiTi g { hat it "was so , their Lordships -would bold in view , that as it required at least three persons to constitute a riotous assembly , it ought to appear npon the indictment that the principal offenders amounted to ' or exceeded that number . The names of these parties , if known , should have been stated , or , if otherwise , they should have been mentioned as " -unknown . " In none of these respects , howsver , did the indictment comply "with the rules of law . The number of principal offenders mentioned
therein might save been two as "well as three , and ¦ neither -were their names given , nor "were jtheyxaid to be ^ unknown . " It had been argned by hi # Learned Pdend ( Mr . Erie ) that the fourth count -was ' bad , and Insufficient to charge tile defendants "with being acces sories before the fact , ? TmCT » mrTi ju » i t C"n * nrnprl nothing -wMca could be construed as -words of " solicitation . " Tothishs -would * nly add , that as a new order of words had been used , -without any reason assigned for changing the old , a » former muBt be rejected by their lordships . Ha , however , maintained , that it was competent for him , because equally consistent wifii the terms of the indictment , to regard it as charging the defendants "with being «»«« i » iM after the fact The defendants could sot be regarded as aiders
and abettors , since the count in question contained goo -words !© show that they "were present at & 0 rSme of ike offence committed , neither , in &b abeence of -terms of " . solidtaaon , " could they be regarded as : ** cBS » crie 4 before fl » &ct Even , however , -on the hypothesis that the defendants-were « ought to be charged as' accessories after tha fact , the fourth count could not stand , since it did sot appear Siereby that the defendants , bad -any "knowledge * ^ of -the . guilty act which had previously occurred . This -was an averment which the la-w-required in circumstances of the-Mnd , and which the indictment did not supply . The Attorney-General , on the former argument , had endeavoured to patch lip toe defect by appealing to Jl Hansard ' s case , " but there a guilty knowledge had been charged Tbs indictment , moreover , contained so allegation of
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the means nBsd by the defendants , as it onght by the rales of law to have done . In conclusion , he would put it to their Lordships from the numerous authorities laid down upon the subject , that the defendants could not be considered aiders and abettors , inasmuch as the indictment contained no allegation of their " presence " during tile time of the acts committed ; that they could not be regarded &b accessories before the fact , because the count contained no words of " solicitation , ' nor yet as accessories after the fact , as Were was no averment of " knowledge , " And that , therefore , the fourth count must be held by their Lordships to be bad in law . r
Mr . Bainis next took up the argument by reminding their Lordships that it could net be said that the statute of George IT . healed the errors that had been pointed on tin the indictment ? and without suchian interposition the common law could of itself apply so remedy . The points that had baen raised npon the argument came before their Lordships in precisely the same light and with the same force as if they had been presented to them upon demurrer . An indictment had been defined in Lord Halt's Pleas of the Croven ^ and in a case reported In page 862 of Cooper ' s Reports , but the count in question was totally at variance with the nature of an indictment as pointed ontby these definitions . That count could not , in the first place , be maintained as one charging a conspiracy for the principal offence , inasmuch
as it would be bad for " generality . " lit was true that greater generality had been allowed in an indictment for a conspiracy or a nuisance than for any other form of offence , bnt the indulgence had been ; strictly confined to these , and could not be very far dispensed "with even in them , much less extended to an indictmtnt for aiding and abetting the malpractices of others . Even , ho-wever , upon the supposition that ; the " principal offence" charged in the present instance was a conspiracy , the fourth count must be considered insufficient from the uncertainties—firstly , aa to the present conspiring ; asd secondly , as to the persona conspired against . No names were given for any of the principal offenders , nor , was it even mentioned that they were persons " unknown . " And the same objection held
true with regard to those -who were stated to have been obstructed by the conspirators in their work . As to person , time , and place , the count was equally vague and loose in its allegations , and , in his ( Mr . Barnes ' s ) opinion , should be held j insufficient . He maintained , however , that it was bad also on the ground of " multifarioumefis , " as charging the defendants with aiding and abetting the principal offenders in a number of separate individual and unconnected acts , which differing in time , pbee , snd performers , omghfc to have been distinctly charged . The law on this point had been stated in the cace of " the King v . Roberts , " in 4 Modern , page 101 , and to that ) he referred their Lordships . Another ebjection to the fourth count was to be found in the fact , that it contained no allegation of , orreferenoe to , the means and manner by which the defendants had committed their offence . In an
indictment upon cursing asd swearing , and npon a threatening letter , the Court held that the eaths used in the one instance and the letter in the other ought to have been specially set forth , in order that they might themselves judge from the record whether the offence complained of was indictable ; and the principle that where an offence had been committed the mtanB and manner of its accomplishment ought to be averred had been long thoroughly } established . It might , perhaps , be argued that a necessity of the kind in instances of the present sort would render pleadings interminable ^ but that ought to have been remedied , not by an infraction of the rule of law , but by altering tiie form of the offence , and proceeding on the ground o ! a conspiracy . On these grounds , in addition to those already advanced by his Learned Friends , Mr . Dundas and Mr . Erie , he submitted that their Lordships ought to hold the fourth connt insufficient in law .
Mr . Serjeant Murpht came ntxt , and after some remarks on the absence of any averment of intent on the part of the defendants , proceeded to draw their Lordships * attention to the infraction in the fourth count of the rule of law , that where an offence in its nature accessorial was complained ef , a statement of " knowledge" was indispensable . Sir W . Follett bad on this point quoted the authority of "The King v . Taller , " as an answer to the objection taken , but in that case the word " advisedly" hadj been used , which had been held to supply the defect , while here no substitution had been attempted . With reference to the argument of bis learned-friend 2 k ! r . Earle as to the absence of words of * ' solicitation" in the fourth count , he { Mr . Serjeant Murphy ) was desirous of pointing out
to their Lordships the reasons why the werd " encouraged , " which occurred in the count ; could not be held to cure the mistake . " Encouragement '' and " solicitation" were two very different things , and must not be regarded aa synonimous . If they took the case of false pretences , let it be a substantial indictment , that A . B . encouraged C D to obtain money by false pretences ; he submitted that would not be a good indictment . The party must set out the chief offence , in order that the Court might judge whether it was onla-wfal : it was for the Court , not the prosecutor , to determine as to its illegality ; and if it was not completely set out , how could the Court form an opinion ? The intent was so imperfectly stated that it was impossible to say which of the parties had dene an unlawful acL
Mr . Bodki > ' said the Count could ; not be supported , on tile ground of its uncertainty in the description of the offence . If It could be imputed to the principal offender or to the party inciting , the grand jury might decide on one state of facts , and the petit jury on anether . The words were so vague , that it might be said the parties had written letters to incite to an act to to be committed , or that the meetings having ceased , the defendants might have rendered the parties support and assistance after the fact had been committed . Mr . Athbbtos submitted that for the reasons which had "been urged this count was bad , as it did not aver that the defendants had been guilty of any offence known to the law ; or that if tile offence was known , it was so obscure that no judgment ought to be passed npon it The names of the principals ought to be given , or it ought to be stated that they were unknown .
Mr . Justice Colkkidgb said , if . ten regiments of infantry had been engaged , of what use would it have been to have covered sheets of parchment with stating their names , or how would it have served the parties to have said they Were unknown ? Mr . Axhs&tos said that was an extreme case , but according to the rules laid down in the books , it appeared to be necessary either that the names shonld be stated , or that it sheuld be stated that the numbers
were . Lord Demias . —We will take time to consider the TTHtH-CT
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0 B 5 EBYATI 0 NS ADDRESSED TO THE ENGLISH PEOPLE , AND MORE ESPECIALLY TO ENGLISH MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT , ON THE STATE OF IRELAND . ; At this time , when the condition - of Ireland assumes so important a place in the attention of the British public—when , on the one hand , measures of a character subversive of political liberty are in progress of being passed by the legislature , and ; on the other hand , the great body of the people ot Ireland are proclaiming , as with one voice , the injustice of England , it appears to me to be very desirable that the peculiar circumstances in the condition of the Irish people , which give cause for this position of things , should be more fully understood than I believe they are at present .
Not only the outrages , but the discontents , of the people of Ireland proceed from the wretchedness of their condition , as existing generally over three provinces , and partially over the fourth ; and if it be asked what produces this wretchedness 1 I unhesitatingly answer , the oppression and bad systems of landlords , which are no less injurious to themselves than to their tenants ; and to these there has of late years been added the desire ef exterminating the smallholders from the lands of Ireland . It 1 b hard for ' Englishmen to conceive how it is possible that any body of men shonld be so completely blinded to their own interests as to induce them to act as the landlords of Ireland have acted . It is therefore useful to call to mind the original circumstances of the connection of landlord and-tenant in that country . ;
It arose from the repeated wars which occurred in Ireland , in consequence of rebellions against the British power , that all the lands , with very few exceptions , have been at-different times forfeited , and have changed hands , in many cases even three times over . The natural result was , that those who got these lands felt no security in the property so obtained , and their object consequently was to levy the greatest possible revenue in the shortest possible time , wlthont any respect to the conspquences of such proceedings on the future or permanent condition of the people / and , in addition to this , a source of hostility existed -between the people and the landlords , derived from the circumstances of conquest , and difference of race and religion . From these causes , the connection commenced in a spirit of mutual hatred , and has continued so . The landlords
had the pow « r to indulge unrestrained their desire to oppress and exact , because no counteracting responsibility was created by a system *> 1 Poor Laws , or by any other measures—bnt the reverse , the most dire system of laws was passed to supply the means of oppression . Thus passion , prejudice , and temporary self-interest created a iSjstem of action which I has uniformly continued , and has exhibited iUelf in the most reckless and cruel rapacity . This produced the various modes of managing lands for the pnrposes of extortion , to which I havB referred on different occasions in
Parliament , and which are minutely-detailed in various reports of both Houses of the Legislature . From hence arose the system of middlemen , joint tenancy , conacre , letting the lands to the occupier wlthont buildings or improvements , or soy allowance for the same ; and all the excessive provisions in the form of distraint and ejectment ! for the recovery and extorting of rent which distinguish the Irish law of landlord and tenant Thus , the occupiers of the land were reduced to extreme poverty , without the opportunity of subsisting themselves by the produce of their labour in anyway ; without ; education , withont agricultural knowledge , and deprived , by repeated distraints , of their stock , and of all means of beneficially working their holdings , they have been rendered incapable of paying that amount of rent , which the quality of their lands would otherwise easily yield , and which those small holder * , under !* proper system of
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management , would have been perfectly competent to pay . Such being the state of things to which the people were reduced , the landlords found that some remedy must be adopted , in order to obtain a fair return from their lands . ' Did they then attempt to better the condition of poor people , by aiding their industry and promoting their power of improvement ? No such thing . Extermination was the decree of the landlords of Ireland by a kind « f general consent , and several concomitant causes gave an increased impulse to that system of action . 1 st The abolition of the 40 s . connty franchise , by the Emancipation Bill of 1829 , rendered consolidation necessary in order to produce a new £ 10 franchise ; This was the first step in the exterminating system : but then , again , the £ 10 voters rejected the landlords' supremacy ; they would not be his political servants : this produced a second act of the exterminating drama . It was deemed inexpedient to create £ 10
voters , it was said the franchise must be placed in less numerous and more obedient bands , and for this reason , whenever leases dropped , the consolidation principle became the rule of action in a still more extended degree . Again , a third impulse was given to this system by the nature of the Poor Law Act passed for Ireland .: Aa this act contained so prevision of settlement , the poor man , when ejected from his lands , had no right to claim relief at the place of his birth , or former residence ; therefore it became the object of landlords and farmers to drive away the poor , in order to guard against taxation for their support in their respective districts , especially as the enactment of aome settlement clause was looked forward to as a probable addition to ] the act at no distant period . Thua the Pool Relief BUI has , in this respect , had the Indirect tffect of greatly aggravating the miseries of the poor of Ireland , by driving Ithem off- the lands , without any concurrent measure to promote their employment
The foregoing brief history of landlord and tenant transactions in Ireland I have given as a prelude to the following proofs of the action of the exterminating system now in operation . Various Btatements nave been made ? at different times in the newspapers of the proceeding of particular landlords and agents . They are all met by statements of these landlords and agents , each saying . " It 1 b not I who have done these things . " I shall not bow enter into individual charges , but I will show from facts , authenticated by parliamentary documents , that a dreadful and heartless persecution is and has been going on npon the part of the landlords of Ireland ] against the small'holders- I say the landlords of Ireland as a body—at the same time 1 admit that there are many distinguished and most honourable
exceptions . There are two returns from which I shall take these / acts . In the second . supplement-to Appendices D . El P ., of the IriBhPoor Inquiry Commissioners , m return is given of the civil bill ejectments at Court of Quarter Sessions in Ireland for seven years , from 1827 to 2833 , both years inclusive . This return gives tue names of plaintiffs and the number of defendants , and various ether particulars ; but this report has returns from only nineteen counties out of thirty-two , the whole number of counties in Ireland . There is another return made this year to Parliament for five years , from 1838 , to 2842 , both inclusive . This return gives the number of ejectments for all the countus of Ireland , but does not ' give the names of plaintiffs or number of defendants . It lies in manuscript in the library of
the House of Commons , not having been ordered for printing . It appears by the lost mentioned return that the number of Civil Bill ejectments entered for the five years ternrnating with 1842 were 28 , 5 J 9 being at the average rate of 5 , 712 yearly ; . but this only gives the number ot ejectments entered—it does not show the number of persons served on each ejectment . By a reference to a former return it will be found that each entry comprehended in many cases a large number of occupants , even so many as forty . This arises from the nature of the letting of lands in Ireland in sab-tenancy and co-partnerahip . By that return the ejectment entries for nineteen ceunties insevenyears were 13 , 425 , but the defendants amounted to 31 , 007 , being in the proportion of about 2 k to the
entries . If , then , we assume this proportion as a guide in referring to the late return , the number of entries being 25 , 559 , the number of defendants would be 71 , 397 . Each of these defendants is a separate occupier , and probably bead of a family ; taking the families at the usual average of five heads—the total number ofipopulalion against whom ejectment proceedings have been taken would amount to 356 985 souls in the Jive years , being at the average rate each year of 14 , 339 families , oomprehending 71 , 397 heads of population . But 1 can show farther , that this extermination is going on in a rapidly increasing ratio . By the first report the number of ejectment cases in the nineteen counties are 13 . 425 , being at the rate of 706 for each county . At the fame rate , the number for the
thirteen omitted counties would be 9 , 178 , making a total of 22 . 603 fer seven years , or on the average 3 , 229 entries yearly . But the average of five years , given in the last return , would be 5 . 712 each year , showing -& yearly increase of 2 . 483 cases on the average , or an increase of very little lesa than one-half in nine years ; or , in other words , the average of five years , ending in 1842 , is nearly ene-tbird greater than the average of seven years , ending in 1833 . It may be attempted to meet my statement by the allegation that these entries were all decreed It matters not—the entries show the animus of the landlords : and
the presumption is , that the persons named were driven out by some other means ; and undoubtedly large numbers have been expelled , against whom no legal procesa had been taken . There is another fact which appears from the first return , that in the great majority of cases no rent is charged aa being due—the ejectments are brought for what is termed overholdingas , for example , the county of Donegal . The number of ejectments entered in the seven yeais included in that return were 7 S 7 in that county , and in only 137 cases is rent charged as due ; and in that county the yearly average of entries baa risen , siace 1833 , from 111 to 246 . considerably more than double .
Now , gentlemen , and people of England , such is a true , and as I think yon will feel from the facts I have stated , incontrovertible statement of the landlord and tenancy condition of the people of Ireland . This state of tilings has tempted the people to form illegal associations , and to do -violent , illegal , and cruel acts to protect themselves from this exterminating system ; they feel that the laws and the institutiona give them no proteotion ; they therefore make a law for themselves and appoint their own executioners to carry out their judgments : they are in a state of desperation ; they feel that they must either hold their land or die the miserable though not Instant death of starvation ; and this state of things also produces the de&ire for political change . A people so oppressed and distressed grasp at the proposition of any change , because they are in such a deplorable condition that no change can make them worse . To meet such evils as these -what would be the obvious course ?
would'it : not be to propose such amendments of the law of landlord and tenant aB would give the occupier some protection against this heartless extermination ? A power of claiming value for improvements , er a renewal of tenure as a set-off against notice of ejectment , has been repeatedly suggested ; the powers of distraint Bhenld also be limited within just bounds , and in conjunction with these amendments of the law of landlord and tenant , the Poor Law should be made to act effectively against the exterminating process ; a power should be given bj which , in case ejected tenants were admitted as objeets of public relief , the expenses of such relief should be chargeable to a certain extent upon the ejecting landlord ; and also in cases wherein the rent paid by any tenant exceeded , in a certain proportion , the rent by valuation , if such tenants should be supported from the . rates , the expense of such relief should be chargeable on the immediate lessor and levied in both cases by giving powers to the commissioners , in case of non-payment , to enter into the receipt of the rents .
I unhesitatingly assert my belief that such measures as these -wonld operate as a charm in ameliorating the condition , and removing the discontents of the people ; -various other useful measures have been suggested for promoting improvement and employment ( see report on public works , 1835 ; and the reports of the Poor Law Inquiry Commissioners , &c ., dec . ) Bnt instead of such measures as these , what are the propositions of the Government ? Do they propose to increase' the responsibility of the landlords ? They propose : exactly the reverse . They bring in a New Poor Law BUI , the changes made by which are to increase the power and to diminish tbe responsibility of the landlords ; and they do this with a knowledge ( or else they are guilty of unpardonable ignorance ) that a cruel extermination is in progress by the landlords , amounting , as I have shown , to the extent of npwards of seventy-one thousand heads of the population annually .
The second measure the Government proposes is an Arms Registry Bill . The nature an J character of this bill is fully before the public . There might be some apology , if it were said , we want this bill to protect life , till other measures of remedy shall come into action ; j but they do not say this . I purposely put the question on a late occasion to tbe Government ; the answer clearly showed that no other measures were intended—that the whole reliance was on the Arms Bill . Then I ask Englishmen to consider , first , Will this Arms Bill remedy the evils I have laid before you ? You cannot say it wilL Secondly—WU 1 it prevent outropeB and murder ? Can you believe that those who have formed this agrarian organization will not contrive to secrete arms , or else to rob arms from those who have registered them , in order to carry into execution their objects ; or in case of wanting arms , that the bludgeon would not be resorted to , or other practices still more dreadful ?
Thirdly—If this bill does not operate effectually in taking away the meanB of outrage , will it not by its offensive provisions increase the spirit of outrage ? Fourthly—I ask you , is it right , is it politic , to concede such a bill as this to a government who seek it as the only remedy for evils which yon know this bill cannot remedy , and thus give that government a plea to avoid ; the consideration of more substantial measures of amelioration ? I hear it continually alleged by Englishmen , that they cannot understand the grievances of Ireland , ot what remedies can be applied . I hear thiB constantly —I lead it in the articles of the publio press . I have therefore endeavoured , in these observations , as briefly as possible , to point out a few of the practical evils , and suggest a few of the practical remedies . I think no one can dispute that I have pointed out grievances ; let those who disapprove of my remedies , suggest
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better ones if they can . I have carefully abstained from the mention of political grievances , or saying one word indicative of predeliction . I do not wish to attach blame to this Government greater than to other preceding Governmente ;} practical measures of improvement have been neglected by all alike , and I am free to acknowledge thafe in the tepoit I have referred to fin 1833 , the Whig landlords assume folly as conspicuous a figure in the exterminating warfare aa the Tory landlords . Such is the condition of the Irish . people . They impute their suffering—not to what I believe to be its true cause , namely , the imperfect representation of the people , ' in the Imperial Parliament , and consequent
bad legislation and bod government over tbe whole empire—but to the alleged ovil intentions of tbe British nation towards Ireland , ' and they desire to protect themselves from that cause of evil by a repeal of the uniun . Now I would call upon the legislators of England , both Lords and Commons , to reflect upon the consequences of their present proceedings . If they pass such measures as the Arms Bill for the coercion of the Irish people , and no measures for their protection tor improvement , are they not adding power and permanence to the repeal : agitation , by proving themselves Incompetent , or else unwilling , to legislate either justly or beneficially for that country ? ; Wri , MAM SHARMAN CRAWFORD . London , June 7 , 1843 .
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him . ( Laughter ) I remember that a frieDd of mine was once coughing all night , and when the doctor came to him in the morning , he said to him , " I think you cough easier than you did before . " " It is no wonder I should , " said { he , " for I have been practising all night . " ( Loud laughter . ) It was the same way with Sir Robert Peel ;] he had been practising so long , that it cams quite easy to him to tell the lie . ( Continued laughter . ) It came out with more facility frem him because he had been practising the entire of the preceding day and e ' vaniDg . The lie he told was this—he aaid that the Queen would oppose the Repeal to the uttermost , whereas she said no such thing . His conduct , according tb the newspaper reports , was traitorous
to the Queen , besides being untrue ; and I have it from the highest authority , short of the Queen herself , and I am told that she sent Peel away when he next came to her with a flea in his ear . ( Loud laughter and cheers . ) What ! was the next step ? Up comes Chanceiler Sugden . —( groans . 1 What an ngly name the fellow has . ( laughter . ) Tbia * Chanceiler Sigden issues out a letter striking us off the commission of the peace . Only think what a degraded man I am , deprived of the commission of the peace—but what a great deal I care for either it or ] him . ( Cheers . ) But if I have been degraded it was in very good company . I have with mo an excellent young friend of mine—our chairman ^—tbe son of your old and faithful representative , Colonel Butler , and whoiwill himself be yet your representative .
( Cheering . ) I thaDk you for anticipating me ; but the moment it is not his father ' s convenience to represent the county of Kilkenny I would be glad to seethe man who would attempt to interfere with his election . He posaeaasa all the qualities of the truly noble house of Moantgarret ; and many and many a Mountgarret has died on the scaffold , or fighting in the field , for Ireland . Yes , andl the Mountgarrets of the present day wonld , if necessary , be ready to follow their example—( cheers ) . Tbe commission of the peace was also taken from Col . Butlerj from Lord Ffrench , from Sir Michael Dillon Bellew , and from D . © 'Connell , and other vagobonds— ( laughter ) . This Sugden—the pig with the ugly name —( laughter)—who took away tbe commission of the
peace from us—is a lawyer , and has made an enormous fortune by the law , bat yet he does net understand the law ; for he says that it is unconstitutional to attend meetings , while' he himself publishes an alleged speech of the Queen , and attributes to her the unconstitutional language uttered by the Prime Minister . But they have sent overt 36 , 000 artillery , cavalry , infantry , and marines here , and I am very glad of it , for they will spend 36 . 000 shillings every day while they remain in this country—( cheers ) . It would be a kind of little Repeal of the Union in itself—( a laugh ) The Queen ' s aimy is the best in the world , and the class of sergeants that it ' contains is the most educated in existence , and I trust that the day will come when all the
sergeants will be in a fair way of becoming commissioned officers—( hear , hear , and loud cheers ) . ' They also sent over the navy , and all the old women of Kingston were frightened the other morning by tbe firing of cannon from six or seven ships in the harbour on tho arrival of the admiral . But do you know what they are going } to do 1 The admiral is coming down tbe Grand Canal in tho heavy boat to examine all turfboats , and look jinto their potato lockets to try if they have any hidden cannon on board . It is really a fact , and he is this very day at Monostereven . A lieutenant of the navy bas | been sent by the fly-boat on the Royal Canal , to find out what became of the army ' of 15 , 000
men that the Right Rev . Dr . Higgins had bad in his back parlour . Mr . O Connell then proceeded to describe at much length ihe benefits that would be conferred on the country by Repeal , and then referred to the moral and ] physical superiority of the Irish race over every other people in the world . He then continued—Our petitions will go before her Majesty , for she alone is able to Repeal the Union , by her prerogative . She can , I repeat , restore the Irish Parliament ; it is not ! dead— it only sleeps . There is a torpor —an incubus overriding ; but the vitality of the heart
remains . Grattan said he watched over the cradle of Irish liberty , and saw her liberties inhearsed , and followed her to the grave . I assert that she is not deadshe only sleeps !; and here am I sounding the trumpet for her resurrection—( cheers ) . What a day it will be when Mi . Pierce Somerset Butler is setting out In pTocession to go to the Parliament that will be sitting in College Green . Irishmen , your country shall not be enslaved . The Repeal of the Union is approaching ! From this spot ] I proclaim to you liberty and prosperity to Old Ireland-j- ( loud and continued cheering ) . After passing some other resolutions , the meeting separated in the most orderly manner .
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—— - —¦ - . — ~— — j » Meeting of King ' s County Magistrates fn PiTSontown on Friday last , convened by the Earl of Rosse , in consequence of the atrocious murder ofir , Gatcbell . His Lordship was furnished with a corvnf the Arms Bill , which be read for the meetine ami which was unanimously approved of . A committee « S , formed to watch over the new registry of flre-srau st quarter sessions , and to prevent in every Way arms « t . ting into the hands of the peasantry of the Kinrfi
uounty . Resolutions ana subscriptions were entereit into to co-operate With , and assist government in » rn . tecting witnesses . It was deemed imnecssary , or ^ rerogatory , to enter into any reward for theapp ref , » " sion of the murderers of Mr . Gatchell , there behw already persons committed to abide their trials for that crime , lest it might affect the pending trials . Hlatord ship entered his name for the sum of £ 100 , and bef ™* the meeting separated there was £ 400 subscribed . - Nenagh Guardian . ~~
MR . O'Conell in MALLOW .- ^ The Catholic dewy men of Mallow and surrounding districts have be « Q cautioning their congregations for the last three weeks not to break a single branch eff any tree for the proee * sion without the consent of the owners . —Cork Reporter National Education . —Repeat . We have been informed that the Commissioners of the National Education Board have dismissed one of their teachers , vho was in attendance upon the training school in Dublin , he having spoken at and taken an active part in j Repeal meeting in the county of Louth , previous to his entering cpon his course of educational preparation in tha Dublin model school . —Smunders .
Government Reward . —In the Gazette of Tnesdaj a reward of £ 100 is offered by Government for the con . viction of the party or patties who are represented u having , on the night of the 2 nd instant , fired at John Burke , Esq ., J . P . of Fintrim , co . Galway , as he ww passing through his ball . New Stipendiary Magistrate . —The Lord ifea . tenant , we are told , has appointed Mr . Pilsworth Woe ]^ a stipendiary magistrate for Sligo . Those who haveany recollection of Carlo w politics cannot be at any losi to know the nature and extent of this gentleman ' s qualifl . cations . —Freeman .
Preparations for War . —Th % Ltmerick CAmicU states that Captain Fry , K . A ., Bararckmaster tf that district , is gone to visit the fortresses on the Lg * m Shannon , to provide accommodation for parties ot % 36 th regiment who detach to the batteries of Ktlen . done , Douaha , Kilkeran , and Carrig Island , u reinforcement to tbe artillery force on these stations . A non-commissioned orEcer ' a party of the 36 th is now attached to each fortress . Calling in the Absentees . —Llentenants of Counties have received orders to repair to their respective districts , to co-operate with government and the local authorities in tb * preservation of the public peace . —Limerick Chronicle .
Lots of SdpsbsedeaSes . —Tbe Lord Chancellor has been advised to address a circular to every indivi dqal magistrate in Ireland , demanding a categorical answer to the question of his being a Repealer or not , it being the determination of Government to leave no magistrate in the Commission of the Peace who is not of tbe same opinion and determination of her Majesty and the Privy Council on the impolicy and danger of such a movement . —Limerick Chronicle . Refusal of Magistrates to act . —Sub-Inapec . tor Fitzsimon and his party were severely maltreated at the fair of Molahiffe , Kerry , and one policeman got his head fractured . Magistrates were previously called on to attend the fair , but declined . —Limerick Chronicle .
The Drogheda Magistrates and the Iobd Chancellor . —Patrick Teman and Thomas Ennii , Eaqrs ., of Drogheda , feeling that to retain their commission as magistrates could only degrade them , by debarring them from the free exercise of their right to meet with their fellow-countrymen for the legal and constitutional purpose of petitioning for the repeal of an Act of Parliament , have resigned their commissions into the hands of the Chancellor . —Drogheda Argus . More Resignations . —The following gentlemen have been superseded at their own request : —William J . Finn , Esq ., formerly M . P ., for Kilkenny eounty ; George Comyn , Esq ., Woodstock , county of Galway ; John Power , Esq ., Gurteen , late M . P ., for Watetfoid county ; John H . Talbot , E $ q , Ballytrent , const ; Wexford ; and R . A . Fitzgerald , Esq ., Muckridge House , county Cork .
Mr . Joseph Myles Mac Donnell , Doo Caitte , connty Mayo , has been removed from tbe commission because he attended & repeal meeting . Mr . MacDonnell has already expressed bis sentiments on this act of deprivation . The Lord Chancellor has accepted the resignation of Mr . W . S . O'Brien , M . P ., as a magistrate foi Clare and Limerick .
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MR . G'CONNELL IN KILKENNY . Kiikennt , Thursday Evening . —Kilkenny—the " City of the Confederates "—ever foremost In the cause of } liberty , baa nobly done its duty by Ireland and O'Connell . No exertion ; was spared by that most efficient and active bedy of ¦ gentlimen , the Cifzjns Club , to Tender the arrangements perfect in every particular ! The meeting was fixed to take place at the race-course , about three miles from the city , and every possible effort made to induce the people of this and the neighbouring counties to attend , en masse , and to come unprovided with boughs , or a twig , which would betoken injury to the plantations of the aristocracy . Tbe decoration of the magnificent pavilion for the Repeal banquet was on a truly splendid scale . It . contained extensive galleries
for tbe accommodation of the ladies , besides tables for upwards of six hundred gentlemen ; and the entire cost of the work exceeded £ 100 . But all their toil and exertions were wasted for nought . The tremendous rain which fell without ceasing during Wednesday spoiled the decorations , and the . high winds of the succeeding night having carried away a considerable portion of the roof , the committee were forced to relinquish at the last moment all idea ot having the banquet there . In this predicament they contrived to procure possession of the chapel of tbe " Black Abbey / ' and here the dinner subsequently took place . The Liberator , who arrived on last evening , about seven o ' cloek , accompanied by John O'Connell , Esq ., M . P . for Kilkenny , and Thomas Steele , Esq ., remained during his stay in towu at tbe
residence ef Edmond Smithwick , Esq ., where a large party were invited to receive him . About one o ' clock the trades formed in procession in the Ceal market , with splendid new banners , and each of the members carrying a white wand with a small green flag attached to it The several bands of the city and other bands from a greater distance , ail drawn in chariots , were scattered through the procession , and served materially to enliven the scene . After the Trades came tbe Citizens' Club in coaches , each with four horses , preceded by a band similarly conveyed , and in the last of the coaches the Liberator and Mr . E . Sinithwick occupied the front seat The enthusiasm displayed as the procession began to move was
exciting sad interesting in the extreme All the windows along the Jine of procession wert crowded with the beauty and fashion of the " faire citie , ' the streets were so thronged that the procession moved on with the greatest difficulty . The entire of tke male population of Kilkenny county , with considerable portions of Tjpperary , Queen ' s County , Carlo w , Wexford , and Waterford , might literally be said to be present . From the most accurate calculations that could be made , there must have been over 300 , 000 persons present , and the meeting had also the distinguishing characteristics of containing a much greater number of horsemen and much fewer women than at any other meeting I have attended . There were probably from 16 , 000 to 12 , 000 horsemen on th 6 course .
, Pierce SosrERSETBPTLER , Esq ., was called to the chair , amidst enthusiastic cheering . The Chairman said he attended there that day at the summons of the county and city of Kilkenny , to act as chairman to that vast and patriotic assembly , the largest , probably , that ever assembled in Ireland—( cheers ) . He did bo , on the solemn assurance by those gentlemen that the proceedings of that day would be characterised by order , regularity , and a respectful obedience to the lam of the land—( hear , hear ) . As soon as he bad announced his intention of accepting 'the high honour that ¦ had been conferred upon him by the people of the county and city of Kilkenny , he received , by return of post , the greatest insult that could possibly be offered to an Irish magistrate—be
was disniisasd from the commission of the peace—( hear , hear . ) He was unable to find any rational or constitutional ground for such an act—( hear , heart-He would beg of tho gentlemen who addressed tbe assemblage to confine themselves as much as possible within the bounds of moderation , and to make use only of the language of conciliation —( cries ef " bear , hear , hear . " ) He could not sit down without making this declaration , and . he hoped it would find a responsive feeling in the breast of every Irishman who heard him . He would tell them , and he hoped there would bo no mistake on the subject , that be was a
Repealer—( great cheering for several moments ) . But though he was an advocate for the Repeal of the Union , he would also declare , without any equivocation or mental reservation , that he was an enemy to all idea of separation from England—( bear , hear ) . Tbe Repeal of the Union would be of Immense advantage to Ireland , without doing too much barm to England ; but separation would involve the rum ef both countries —( bear , faearf . The Chairman resumed his seat amidst enthusiastic applause . Patrick Cantwelx , Esq ., moved the first resolution , which was seconded by James Doyle , Esq , and carried .
Mr . Connell then came forward , and was received with the most enthusiastic and deafening shouts of aplause . When silence was restored , the Hon . and Learned Gentleman proceeded as follows : —Is there a band within bearing ? If there be , let them play up , "God save tbe Queen . " [ More than a dozen bands here played up the national anthem , the entire vast multitude remaining uncovered . At the termination of the air , three hearty and deafening cheers were given for the Queen . ] I will now give you another subject to cheer—three cheers for the Queen's army—tbe bravest army in the world ( Tremendous cheers . ) Three cheers for the Irish people—the most moral , the most brave , the most temperate , and the most religious people on the face of the earth . ( Continued cheering . )
And now , having gone through theso heartfelt ceremonies , I present myself before yeu to address you on topics ot the highest interest . It has never happened to me to behold a more gorgeous assemblage of human beings than that now before me . I return you ten tbdusand thanks for having set the elemental warfare at defiance in coming herein Bpite of every impediment that was imposed to prevent your attendance . Another thing I thank you for is , that you have come without green boughs . You do not want anything of the kind to show your sincerity in the cause of your country . '( Cheers . ) I have before me more physical force than any military commander tbat ever existed , and I have that physisal force perfectly cognizint of the fact , that they could not do anything that would be such
great injury to the cause of repeal as commuting the slightest breach of the peace . ( Cries of " never fear . ") Somebody soys " never fear . " Why , I am afraid of nothing except being wrong ; far as long as I am right I fear nothing , and I think I Lave plenty here to join me in being right , and to jein me too in fearing nothing . ( Great cheering . ) No , the only thing I could apprehend would be any species of a breach of the law . I will tell you of one of the plans of the Orange faction to put an end to the repeal question . They find that they cannot anywhere tempt the people to violate the law openly in tbe noonday , and , therefore , in the north of Inland , down to the county of Louth , they have sent about men to form Ribbon lodges and awear the people into secret
societies—;( h « ar from Mr Steele ) . Men of KUkenny ! if you hear of any person attempting to form A secret society in your county , deneunce him at once to the repeal wardens in your nelgbourhood . They will coramnnicnte the fact to us , and we will take care to have the fellow punished—( cries of ' we will" ) . The repeal wardens ore the men ¦ by whom I intend to obtain the Repeal of the Union , and there is no more honourable station in society than itheirs . I now charge the Repeal wardens , who are established in every parish in the county , to find out ifor me any attempt to establish secret societies in the icpunty , and when the authorities see their friends ¦ brought before them for punishment they will feel iannoyed— - ( hear , hear , and laughter ) . But they have invented other methods for stopping the agitation of the
' Repeal . I suppose you have heard of the Duke of 'Wellington and Sir Robert Peel having come down to Parliament one fine evening , and declared that they would prevent the Repeal of the Union even at the expence ef a civil war . We will not go to war with itbem , but let them not dare to go to war with ub—( tremendous cheering for some time ) . We will act on ithe defensive ; and believe me ,, men of Kilkenny , ithere is no power in- Europe that would dare attack iyou and the peop le ot Ireland , when they keep fcbemisalves in the tight , rand act en the defensive only . i ( Hear , hear . ) They threatened us with this civil warat themand at
if are but we only lapgbed , you are liberty to laugh at them again . ( Cheers and laughter . ) I hurled back my indignant defiance to them from the Repeal Association , andl told them what I now tell lyou , that we never wjould violate the law , or commit any violence j but that we have hands enough to defend * our own heads , If they dared to attack us . ( Great i cbeera . ) What was ; the consequence ? The great SDuke of Wellington [ and the crafty Sir Robert Peel ipnlled in their horns a little , and they said they did not i rnean to attack us . ( Hear , hear . ) Very well . There * is peace then , for we will not attack them , and they will not attack ub . ( Laughter . ) But , In order to linduce us to give up the agitation of the Repeal , Sir Robert Peel told a lie , and that same came very easy to
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Warlike Preparations . —The Cork Reporter ot Thursday saya I—We have been informed that it is intended to remove the 45 th Regiment from this garrison forthwith , and to replace it by another ; aid that the 1 st Royal Dragoons have received orders of readiness for jemearkation at Bristol for this purt Returns hava been lately made by official persons of the accommodation which the St George Steam Packet Company ' s vessels on the Bristol and Cork station are capable of affording for men , horses , && ; their tonnage , rate of Bailing , and facilities for embarking and landing troops . ' Accommodation is being providod for a large military force in Mallow , and a portion of tbe Police Barrack ! it is said , is being prepared for the
officers' quarters . Two companies of tbe 56 th Regiment and two troops [ of tbe 10 th Hussars , and seven officers , under the command of Captain Barclay , proceed hence to-morrow morping for Mallow , in order to be within call ef the authorities in that town on Sunday next daring the repeal demonstration . The Mermaid steamer , Captain Hearni on her passage from London to this port , passed tb ! e Malabar abreast the Lizard Point , on Monday , the 5 th instant , at three p . m . The destination of this vessel is Cove , and en her arrival Rear-Admiral Bowles will hoist bis fUg on board her in Cove harbour , where she will remain for the summer . Lieutenant Farquhar , R . N ., has arrived at Cove , and will join the Malabar as flag lieutenant , with Admiral Bowles . Tbe baggage , &c , of the admiral was landed , ex-Mermaid , from Plymouth yesterday .
Fatal Affray on the Shirley Estate . —On Thursday the ' jury gave in their verdict- — " We find tbat Peter Agnew came by his death at Maberacloon , in tbe county of Monagban , on the 5 th of June inst , by a gun-shot woun ' d from a party of twenty-eight policemen commanded by ! Major Wilcox and Sub-Inspector Berry , and we find that they have not produced sufficient evidence to shew ; that they were in imminent danger of their lives at the time they fired on tbe people ; and that there wasjnot proof as to the Identical person who fired the shot that killed Peter Agnew . "
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INVESTIGATION INTO THE ORANGE OUTRAGES IN [ TYRONE . Dungannon Friday Night . —The Government enquiry into the recent outrages committed near this town was resumed this day before Mr . Coulson , stipendiary magistrate , and the following local magistrates : —Messrs . Greer , Jacksun , Burgess , Wray , and M'Keczie . j Mr . Alderman Butt and Mr . Nowlan appeared as counsel and attorney for tbe Orangemen . Mr . Cleinenlis and Mr . Foils were for tbe poor Catholics whose houses were wrecked and persons and properties injured .
Mr . Coulson begged to know if any arrangement had been made between tbe learned gentlemen on both sides as to the order , in which they would proceed . There were causes and cross-causes connected with two separate transactions took that place on the 30 th of last month , and he thought , for regularity sake , they ought to commence with the occurrences that took place in tbe morning at tbe quarry , or the attack of which tbe party cpmplained who were coming to Dungannon , and then proceed to investigate tbe occurrences of the latter port of the day . j Mr . Butt said he coincided exactly with what his worship said with regard to the propriety of the arrangement
Mr . Clements should have no objection to the course suggested by ; he bench . Mr . Butt said—It appeared that great excitement existed in that part of the country , and , indeed , throughout Ireland generally , upon the question of Repeal , and it having been represented through the public press that tbe Protestants and Presbyterians in and about Dungannon bad given in their adhesion to that measure , they determined to prove that these assertions were unfounded , by making a great anti-repeal demonstration , and for that purpose they agreed upon having a . meeting in Dungannon , on Tuesday , the 30 th May . Some persons were coming in to attend that meeting , and when passing a quarry at a place called Cailand , they were attacked ! by a mob of nearly one hundred persons , stenes were thrown at them , and one man , named
Morrow , was so dangerously wounded , that his ltfe was despaired of . [ Some young lads then ran into the town of Dungannon , and having given that exaggerated account of the transaction which their fears had prompted , the great bulk ] of the party who were assembled for the purpose of attending the anti-repeal meeting , sallied out to tbe scene of tbe outrage , and there by way of retaliation , had committed acts which he would be very sorry to [ appear there to justify—but he migh ' , say , that the whole affair had been greatly exaggerated , j T Several witnesses were then examined touching the original disturbances in Corland before the wreckings . | Mr . Butt said he had closed his case , and submitted tbat he * had proved the charge of both riot and assault
Mr . Clements contended that , in point of law , there bad been no riot It might be called an affray , out of which an insignificant ossaul t had arisen . The Orangemen were passing wiih their fifes and drums ; some intuiting language passed between them and men who were quietly standing on the road , when-one man was assaulted , and ; although it was stated by Mr . Butt tbat his life was in ! danger , ha never had occasion to go to a doctor . He thought at most the charge could only resolve itself into a common assault , and that it eughtnotto be even sent to the sessions .
Six O'CLOCK . —The magistrates , after having consulted for a ( few minutes , Mr . Coulson said they would not give judgment till the whole affair was investigated . ] The inquiry will hardly conclude to-morrow evening . — Coire 8 peodent of the Dublin Evening Post .
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IRISHMEN IN OFFICE . In reference to the appointment of Englishmen and Scotchmen to Irish offices , the Times bad an impndent article which we intended to notice ; bat tha Mail has something to hand so pithily and pointedly done , that we must borrow from our cotemporary whose observations , we hope , will circulate with good effect among his Tory readers : — We need not persevere in re-stating our own erode views , opposed as they evidently are to those of a " heaven-born minister ; " but we may just mention that—The Archbishop of Dublin is an Englishman . The Chief Administrator of the Irish Poor Law is an Englishman . The Paymaster of Irish Civil Services is a Scotchman .
The Chief Commsisioner of Irish Public Works is an Englishman . The " Teller" of the Irish Exchequer is an Englishman . The Chief Officer of tho Irish Constabulary is a Scotchman . The Chief Officer of the Irish Post-omce is an Englishman . The Collector of Excise is a Scotchman . The head of the Revenue Police is an Englishman . The second in command is a Scotchman . The persons employed in the collection of the
customs , &c , are English and Scotch—in the proportion of thirty-five to one . But the Times may perhaps observe , " True , but all this is only the elucidation of our planfor unbarring the gates of preferment unsparingly r impartially and honestly . " Scotchmen and Englishmen are placed in office in Ireland , and Irishmen in return in Scotland and England , in order to draw closer the bonds of union between the three nnitea nations . Again let us see how facts actually stand . There
are-Cabinet Ministers—Englishmen , 10 . Scotchmen , 3 . Irishmen , 0 . Lords of the Treasury—Englishmen , 4 , Scotchmen , 2 . Irishman , 1 . , Secretaries of the Treasury—Englishman , h Scotchman , 1 . „ , , Clerks or the Treasury-Englishmen or Scotcttmen , 119 , Mr , Fitzgerald ( query an Inshman ; , * - Members of the Lord Steward ' s aud Lord Chamberlain ' s departments of the Royal household-Jingiisbmen aad Scotchman , 225—Irishman , 4 . British Ministers to Foreign Courts-Eng lishmen and Scotchmen , 131—Irishmen , 4 . .. Poor Law Commissioners—Englishmen , 3—in 811 ' men , 0 .
We presnme these facts show that the nattws oi the three kingdoms are all placed upon an eqaa'I 0 * £ ing , the chances of access to preferments to » EDglish or Scotchman in Ireland being , m tne ' « w instances that have occurred to us while \ niffl % >?~ 6 to 0 ; while the probability of an Irishman oo taining place ia England appears , from anfDSl ^ calculation , to be in the proportion of 491 w . iV 1 to 50 . Well may tha writer of the Times rettwi from using the language of taunt and KPrt ~~ towards Ireland , while he thus eloquently apo ^ phises , a sister kingdom— , .. j \ " How short a time elapsed before she tScotiww had identified herself politically and socially mv " England aud English fortunes P How ample w » her vengeance for the past—how splendid her e *; naat nf tha -frit . iiTA I ttnolicfc arms . KnffHsh COBq » * 3
English Commerce—are not all these also Scotco .. We could easily swell this list were it necessary . Ireland has always been used by English M 1 ^!? as a means of providing for poor relations , aeF dants , and partisans . Our highest » 3 well asm »>« lowest offices have been prostituted for this P ^ P . ** What would be thought of an Irish lawyer bewg ealled over as Lord Chancellorof England HJ " " ? are forced to take English lawyers as our ^« Chancellors . So on through all departments oiw Government—injustice to Ireland everywhere m& *> us , and so will things continue until we lea ™ think less about party aud more about out coww —Dublin Monitor .
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Short and Sweet . —Sir Robert Peel had » audience of her Majesty on Thursday . —The audienw last-ONE MINUTE . Thb Tobacco Crop . —The Richmond Comf ^ says that the tobacco crop is likely to be materiam curtailed by the very backward spring * Cotton Manufactories in Mpxico . —Th e'eJ ^ in the Republic of Mexico 53 cotton manufactory with an agregate of 135 , 000 spindles . They * W » up daily , on an average , 48 , 6221 bs . of cotton * * £ produce 43 , 7601 bs . of thread , which , whtn iw » 9 into cloth , &c , is worth 48 * 037 dollars . These ' ? S we derive from a printed statement by ^ ' ^ Sr ^ L General of Mexican Industry , dated city of Me »<« March 28 , 1843 . Dreadful Accident . —A party ofBffles « t » g « g at Dundalk were firing ball cartridge on the siwm on Tuesday last , -when , owing to « ne of jne w having bad sight , he Bbot obu of taemen Btatuntfo * marker through the head . The man died < g » J £ spot . The ball then went through the neck ol another man , wounding Mid dangerously .
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¦ t ¦ ¦ I 6 THE NORTHERN STAR .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 17, 1843, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct655/page/6/
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