On this page
-
Text (8)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
EMIGRATION . OBSEBYAKOiTS CONNECTED WITH 2 OJ . PUKETHLT S TOUB . ( CoH&xuedfrom ova- lost week ' s jpaper . J tmSTSV CXIOTSS JtSB CATTTIOKS -TO XXIG&UtXS . TSsre can be no objecHoD toperaoni of weakeonili . tafiraia going out , aa many tare JSeMbj been restored toiealth . 'wlio hid been long in a lingering state irben at home j xai JoH persona often feel themsehrai imptoTBd ; as to thoae whoare aathniatlcal the rarity of flje ;» ir In SuV States - ray often « ffecta a complete
^ Seemg iK ^ tomode , I : twln : begin at liome ; and , z » laverpbol isOiB principal port from which emigrants j «> ceed , lTPnieonflneiDy obserraiaoiis to that prat alone - ^ M lr&ejVln a ^ greai ttesjsure , wpl apply to « very port in the : United Engdom >—3 i 7 erp 6 ol teing m » rt xontfeuona to Lantaihire , Chrahire , Wales , Salop , S taffc ^ Dexby , ^ dNotfcmgfcmahire , » lBoWea 1 morlaiLd , * nd Cnmberlsndj a ^ many travel to that port from all othei parts of England , ana also from Scotland and Ireland , alttongh T 8 sseTa sail to 2 tor York , Boston , PMladdphia , and other ports iu America , jfrom iondon , Bristol , PJymontb , Hnll , and Newcastle , in ^ England ; Xeiih sad Glasgow , In Scotland j and Cork , Dublin , Belfast , and other ports in Ireland .
- Aa » -matter of course , every one TriD make ttemoei o everything before leaning home , reserving only guch artiefeB as may be of " the greatest nse to them on the voyage , or after landing ; and it would be "Well to place any conaderaijle sum of money in the MbIb of some reputable mprrhnat "who may have an agent at the port ¦ whree it is intended to land , taking an order to receive it on arrivals or if any bank -would gtre an order at small charge , it would serve equally ¦ welL I only fear that too few inll have much to spare after paying their pamge and having a little ~ fc > TTtnff ^ ^ i Tt nT i- ii ^ ici ^ ft ^ y i ^* Tt < yr on isoding . JLtter plating your Inggage in the hands of ^ somexepnia&lB e&mer , aJwsyB "bargain and pay the carriage . 32 us -will be found the cheapest way .
Ansogemeats being completed at home , yon proceed toJIaMbester , take the river boat from New BaOeybridge , ths eaarj 8 _ being 2 a . for eschadnli ( children half price ) to XrrerpooT , -where priTate lodgings and meals maybe , procured economically in seme of the streets adjoininglhe Prince ' s or Waterloo docks : 37 o time should be lost in obtaining an advertising newspaper , from -which tske a list of all the ships bound foribeyortto-wnict you intend to sul ; and BomeBmes it may be wen Jib t&ke those for Boston or Philadelphia , as y » n might find -it advantageons : to go to a neighbouring port , as the ship may be less crowded , or of a superior class , and at a lover fare , as -was the case ¦ with myself in sailing for Boston Instead of Jfew York . Whenyou have got your list completed of all the ships ,
and while they are lying In the several docks , hasten to tint erery oce or them by going on board , and asking zucfrqaesQon as you deem necessary ; and should any passengers be on board yon must ascertain the amount they have paid as fare , "which-will be a guide for you at the [ joffice . After taking the round in this ^ mamm , ytm having the agent ' s name tor each ship , proceed to © ray office and inake the necessary enquiries as to fares , and everything t&se ; when you baTe done this , « Ssst ana consult , and return to that office -which is Merest your wishes , and try to make as favourable * bargain as yon « an , fearing no one , and poshing about Jnabold andbasinesi-like manner , ; never forgetting Jiart jon are snronnded by land-sharks in the shape of Tinm , and wiiiMiiim boys , and even fairmU some cf whom -will tell jon that they are just come in fronr
sach and such a plaee , and are on the same errand as yourself , while their sole object is plunder . Some - will profess to be agents for certain companies or ships ; and they - will tell you they can procure yen the cheapest passage in file beet ship—they can find von the cheapest and test lodging—and jonrproTisions they can supply XHDch better rand cheaper than any one else . - The personfl on board the ships you visit , and all along the docks and atreetsy and eren the persons -where job lodge , - will irj to pluck 70 a of some extras , by introdneing ^ outoaprovision Sealer ; or others , and then they h&ve » n baadaoniB allowance ont of yeur money . Ten must Thatch everyone of those , and others , -whom io attempt to describe is in-rain . Hear Trhat they say , butiely an-nntMng . Shake off tie -roltares , sad look ont for yoursel-res at the head of every establishment , and at no other place .
What are called the Xiners , or packet ships , are gene rally the fastest saHera ; and having read my tour , yon wiQ have learned "what treatment yon may expect from beginning to end , « ren-when von hare nsed the best possible means and the greatert caution . 2 > ono ^ an any account , pay your fare nntn * omepersoMhsve Ins name and put itdown ) goes -with 700 from the office to the / ihip , and has your berth fixed en , and jour iaitialB put upon it ; and pay the fare no -where but at the agent ' s office ; after you have had the printed form filled np -with the number . of the berth , and the anmpaid . Shouldjou not be aide "to see Qas correctly done yourself , get some person , in -whom you have eoufldenee ^ , to-do it for you ; andin ease insult or violence be tttews to-warda yon { as ~ was done towards Mrs . Bradley , in the ease 1 jjoblisbed along Tritb my introductory letter , ) giTB the person in charge of a polioeman ; and go toIiButeuantBenry , or such person as may fill the office of
of ^ government agent for the protection emigrants at the port , to ^ whom any policeman can direct you ; and be -w 21 assisti yon in bringing the culprit to justJce . Ton must be 33 csnrdng as a fox and as bold as a lion . When yaa have obt ^ nadTonr receipt , and seen it to be perfectly correct , jon inmst inform the agent that you are resolved to ieep Tb unH you reach you destination ; and , indeed , that it is asmuchyoBrs as the money -which you bare paid is his . I say this , because H is the practice as * x > n as the ship goes ont of port , to collect all the receipts from the passengers ; and then you are aefeneeless—you are open to insult from any one—your-quantity of -water , -which is specified in the receipt , may be rednced , and many other advantages taken-with impunity ; but if you have the tp-rm » of engagement , you . can , on landing , baTe the Captain brought before the authoritiea and obtain ledieaa . 2 iark this -well , as it is important .
Your next basineas is to go and hire a donkey cart , or some other conveyance , and have y oar goods taken from the earners to the-ahlp . Bave a person with you-when yon make your bargain , -which must be a positive one , or they-will by some twist make yon pay three times the sum bargained for . Stand firm , and they must obey Xetno one ay their band on a single article belonging to you , ot tiey -will make you pay too dear for your -whisUa . Ixnr a man allow three bellows to carry his luggage from offa donkey « art to the hold of the ship , a distance of about twenty yards , and they charged him the vtoderaie-saja . of three shTTfings each—only nine shillixgs ! sod the simple lelloir paid them aeren and sixpence . This v a fair aample « f the sack ; so that if you permit any of the leeches to touch , they are sure to suck
the very last drop of blood from you if they can . -Remember always tlatthB nine « hiTKn £ « - were charged ¦ and the seven and sixpence paid for a few minutes -work ; andiecp in your mind's eye that those people live by jhffirtgnag the -nnfortanate and snsnspectxng emigrants , and comaker them fair game ; and so caHons-nearledare tte fieuoBihat - wers they to drain their-victims of the last farthing they -would only xfjoice in their success , Vhlle the poor fleeced creatures are fixed for means to carry them forwarder to enable them to return home ; aadyou may rest assure * that many of those plunderers arc In connection-with , and harboured and encouraged hy ,-what sre termed the respecfaKc offices for engaging passar ^ sfor emifrants ; bo that you are never safe but in your own watchfulness and resolution .
"When yon have got yonr ^ oods on board you may be able to sleep there , and thus awe the expense of lodgings ; and itis needful that yon should do so , as gangs are , under pretence of looking fox berths , ready to commit -lobberyj therefore you must have every movea'blethlBg lotted up and also keep a strict -watch . A fnend of mine bad his best eoat stolen from on board , althonj ^ i be had left it in charge of a friend "wfco remained on board . If you do not take a bed -with yon , yon c « n buy one in any shop along the docks , for one person for 3 s . They are covered -with a thin cotton tick , and filled "with eottoii flocks , and a pplo'w of the same material . One for two persons can Jbe bought for 4 s . 6 d .
Snce I crossed the Atlantic the ~ K ew Emigrants Act has come into force , -which compels the Gaptain to supply every passenger , daily , with one pound of bread or bread stuffs ; that is , one pound of solid food vntjday s tat I 1 » vb Ixeardtbjttit is often of very coarse and ofcheneiaa inferior ^ oallrT ; and It 3 m « rpplled ' without anv regard to the disordered and sickly Jtemacti if ipersbns on their first Toyage , -who fr&-guenQy find it ^ ifficnit to eat any description of food , even of the most delicate kind . 1 -would therefore recommend ftwtt for every adult the following-. be taken : Flour , -fibs . Oatmeal , 61 b * ,, particularly for gruel , -which can be taken -when nothing else can , and -when sweetened wiih a little sugar is-excellent Bice , 61 bs . Fresh wbeaten bread , Clbs . This to be got just befow gome oa board .
Double baked bread , filbs . This is done in the following -mjpmCT- Cat a loaf info slices , of about an inch in thickness , and put them into the oven , or toast tbem-jpeU before the fire , and they -wzUlceep as -well as » fcbiKal ^ ahd » remiM ^ morei ^ eaMe boai tofi > frta » te aad stomach ; -when put into tea , or other liquid , it becomes as soft , and tastes as -veil as If only done thBdayiefora Ott , or haver cake , Slbs . Thi * is £ or persons -who have been in the habit of nsingit , andltjsnrt be -well dried . Toe Irish , Scotch , and othezs , -who use what they call oateake , take it in the same manner as they use it , always giving it za msdi baieiDg as it can base . If It Is * aft , it 3 * snre ^ o moa ia ***©« . Treacle cats , commonly called " parkin , * 6 lbs . This is made of oatmeal and treacle , -with a few caraway aeedSj SBdperhaps a little ^ nger . It keeps-well and Is pleasant to the taste , and excellent for the bowels , beinir both medicine and food .
BiscuitB , two er 3 ibs . Of the best kind , or -what «« esBed ibernethy . ^ Potatoes , 301 ba . Those can bft / fttsJned most fresh *» 5 « aieBp from tae bosta -which are always to 6 e fouad ^ aick adjoining Gie Glsreuce doct Provide a bag * ° * ftsae before lfc&ving tome . Baa Sibs ., picki % d bef 01 peri 4 lbs 4 huig be « f , * Sa ^ i-a . -a Jed bemnes , Slba , ; batter , 2 ibs . ; chetse ,
Untitled Article
21 b * . ; beef suet , Slbs . This should have the skins token out , and put into a jar -with a little flour , and kept covered . Lard , 2 Ibs >; eggs , two dossn , robbed with butter and packed in salt ; -white boilio * peas , Slbs . or 3 1 b ** roar , 31 ba $ treacle , 41 bs . ; raisins , lib . ; currants , llbwj eorTee , J ib . ; tea , | lb . j finger , 2 ot ; pepper , 2 ot ; oranges , one dosen ; lemons , half-a-doBen ; apples ^ one dosen ; onions , Slba . ; -vinegar , on * bottle ; porter , one or two dozen ; a box 01 two cf opening pills ; two dozen of powders ; a botUe of castor oil ; a bottle of peppermint ; a little salts and senna ; Peruvian bark , a quarter of an ounce ; a little mercurial ointment ; soap , Slbs . ; candles , lib . ; a tan lanthom , as the candle must be kept enclosed when lighted to prevent accidents by fire ? whicli i « very proper . : j . A few lucifer matBhwt , which must be well secured from-aixand damp , or they will soon become useless at sea . ¦ A lash and small tooth-comb . '
Let the wife take her best china "with her , as it -will be worth double , when landed , to what it is here . { A number of the articles above enumerated may seem unnecessary . Some of my fellow passengers told me , before we got across , that they considered I -wished them to waste their money on trifles at Liverpool . Their minds had , however , changed , and they -were very thankful for my advice ; and not one in a thousand will refuse me the same , however light they may 'treat the matter when on shore . \
_ Arrange so as to have as little cooking as possible , the accommodation being exceedingly bad , and the passenger Is often ill-fitted to do any cooking , tape-. daily when the weather ia rough ; indeed many eannot attend to it at alL It ought to be observed that the only place for second cabin and steerage passengers te cook is at a large grata placed upon the deck of the ship , and generally you have a considerable distance to walk or scramble to it , often on a -wet slippery deck , with the vessel heaving and laid much on one sifle , so as to render it dangerous to go along -without anything ; then imagine how much zoore so it -wSl be -when carrying a boiling ietUe , or other ntensU , loll of cooked victuals : and very frequently se many : are waiting for their turn ; and being really , or imagining themselves -wronged , brarwlsand fights often ensue . I have ] seen the most deadly -weapons TiBed , and serious injury done in those easts . '
Ship ' s cooks are sometimes allowed to cook for passengers ; when it is so , the charge is from 12 s . to 18 s . for -each individual . " Whatever engagement is made la this case bike care sot to pay till near landing . \ The open grates for cooking are always fixed near the bows of the ship , and-very often : breakers swell over and drench the whole of the cooks , and sometimes " spoil the broth . " j Ham , meal , flour , sugar , tea , and such thingB as are not convenient to be prepared at home , may be procured in Liverpool , as well as any where , by looking round and finding the proper places ; and thus the carriage and trouble -will be saved . Flour , oatmeal , bread , and biscuits , of the best quality , are kept at a warehouse in the first turning to the right after passing through
Cleaveland-fqusre , from the Post-office , This is the beet place in Liverpool . There you ' can also obtain American flour battels at sevenpeaceot sigbtpence each , and -with a small lock , which may be purchased for sixpence , will be found the cheapest and best way to pot up your provisions . ! - Itext comes the necessary implements for cooking ¦ with , vessels foe -water , * c Ton -will ascertain | wben you take your fare what is the daily allowance of water ; and yon xsust provide a vessel , or vessels , to contain that quantity for each person ; also a tin wash-hand basic , : a qnart tin boiler , a tin plate ox two , two pint fin cans , teapot , and covered chamber pot . See that those are "well made , and strong . What are generally
bought in Liverpool are of the wont material and stuck together in the most temporary manner . ( They are like Pindert razors , made to sell ; but when pnt to use they go to pieces ; the handles sot unfrequently coming off -while emptying them into the sea , when they amk to rise no more , -whereby great inconveniences arise . It is therefore necessary to have them of good material and well made . A respectable man who would keep a good article and might be relied on , would succeed well in Liverpool , as a tinner . Yon will require an ironjpanj tinned -within , and likewise a frying pan ; you ought also to take two or three pint basons sod jugs . Much crockery is apt to be broken by the heaving of the ship . Take also a knife and fork , and a table and tea spoon or two . j
"Where a few are going out together they can have five pounds of tea , the same quantity cf coffee , and fifty-six pounds of sugar , duty free , oral half the : usual price , which is of some consequence . Pivft ^ aUtms of brandy can be purchased for three sbiHirtgfl and sixpence or tbree nhTlfinga and nice-pence per gallon ; a little of which is very , useful in sea « jriptpiu > - i Every one ought to have a few changes of linen , and a few coarse towels ; and female * ought to he furnished with drawers , as they sometimes sleep in upper berths , and might be otherwise . exposed . Clothing to be wom
on board ought to be clean , but unfit for- wear any -where else , as no place can be more destructive to good clothes . ' . The person , the clothing , the dishes , the flooij the berti-s , and * very corner and crevice ought to b * kept perfectly clean . Nothing is more essential to health and comfort than pure air ; and should vermin of any kind be discovered on man , woman , or child , mercurial ointment enght to be instantly applied for their extermination ; and should the itch be discovered on board , prompt means must be taken to prevent its spread .
Every male ongbt to furnish himself frith a cap , a * a bat ia very inconvenient at sea , and apt to be blown oS ¦ The dean appearance and healthy condition of the passengers on their arrival in port is of great conaeqoeneea for if tiiey appear filthy and are diseased , they are detained urj ^ iall is dean and healthy , or according tolawfot e >» iif 5 n ; dayB ; while , if they are clean * ud healthy , tiies ttielaij ^ ed immediately , which . is i gre& relief . ~ ^? f -
It often happens th » t faxes are lower to St . Joh » "a , New Brnn . swick ;" St John ' s , Kewfonndland ; Quebec , and Monffeal ; bnt unlessthepassenger intends toaettia in the British possessions , or in ths vicinity of those parts , taecxpeoce of travelling by the cheapest and best route 10 the Far West , is often greater than ths difference to Hew York . The ships which are sent to those port * beh $ generally engaged to take home timber are often -veryslow , and sot unfrequently crazy old hulks ; and to the St . Lawrence , in particular , the passage is more dangerous . .
To Ne-sr Orleans ia a longer passage , but it is often made , by the aid of trade winds , in about a -week more than to New York . Emigrants bound for Loaisania , Arkansas , Georgia , Albania , Missonria , Iowa , or the Western part of Tenessee , and the Southern and { Western parts of IHinoiB and "Wisconsin , nay find this the cheapest , and , perhaps , the most pleasant way , as luggage is taken off the ship and carried on a boat to the steamer at New Orleans ; with the passengers , and proceeds up the river to the nearest point of their destination ; and the fare for 1 , 500 miles , or more , in the
steerage ( -without board ) is only about five dollars , or one pound- WHen & number of mariners bjxve jained End chartered a ship , I am informed that they have been tafom from Liverpool to the city of Nanvoo , tb . 3 city of the prophet . Joe Smith , about 1600 miles up the Mississippi , for fifteen shillings each , "which appears scarcely credible . Sometimes two ponnda-has been saved by taking this route . However , no one can be safe to land in those swamps , crowded with snakes and crocodiles , and the climate being excessively hot , before the end cf October . Should their means be limited ,
there is almost a certainty that employment for mechanics , nrtszvdb , and labourers can be obtained here , during the winter months , at feign wages ; and provisions being low , they will be able to recruit their resources , and be prepared to move northward is the spring , and [ before the hot weather sets in , and thus keep moving towards a colder climate . At this time the best vessels begin ? o ply ,-while the fares are generally reduced in conseqnenco of the opposition , froicb Is always the greatest atthisseason . \ On landing , the Emigrant feels himself at a loss in
what manner to proceed against the captain , the owners , or agents for the redress of any wrong that may have been done him on the passage -, and this difficulty is aggravated bj the rule of the agents at Liverpool ' taking the receipts and terms of agreement from the passengers after getting out of the dock , which leaves them without any written evidence to show upon what terms they ( the agents ) bind themselves to convey the passengers across . It is therefore essential to the ends of jnstice that the nefarious practice of dispossessing the emigrants , after being on board , of their papers must be stayed . \
I will here give a copy of a receipt whidi was in the possession of a gentleman , named therein , ont board the ship South America , on his return to England , in order to show the nature of the receipt and also to show that the shippers at the port of London from -whence £ e sailed , have not resorted to this trick : —
1 CDPT . ) London and New York Packet Omce , ** St . Catherine ' s Pock , " August S , IBiJ . «• Captain Hibbert , of the ship Quebec , will please ¦ furnish Mr . Thos . Hitchcock with one berth , fuel , and water in the steerag * for the present voyage . j All lnggage at the risk of its owners , and no . mosey returned . ; " Berth , Ho . " Symed , "L . TEKB 0 H . " « Phillips and Tiplady , sworn Brokers , ' 3 , Gaorge-yard Lombard-street London . '
The . above ought to have spednedfthe daily quantity of -water to be kupplied ; and to this every passenger onght to pay particular attention , as it is often reduced to so small a quantity as to cause great privations and eomelaipeB disease . The berth o » gafc also to be numbered , and the receipt filled op with the number , Th « broker ' s signature is a guarantee for the fulfilment of the contract The pa » enger ought to « e that the terms are properly specified upon the paper before payment of th » fere is made ; and when they have received it , it is , as before observed , as much their property as the money is the property of those to whom it has been paid -, and 1 hope that no one will deliver it back , tint retain it as their written agreement ; and aapnid the termB not be fulfilled , it -will be Teemed as evidence , should n beioand necessary to apply fer redress of a * y grieve * bfefose the raagistra '^ s at the port where they laay land .
Untitled Article
It will be found difficult to procure cheap and good lodgings . J would therefore suggest , by way of remedy , that an association be formed for the protection of emigrants , having an agent appointed at the various ports who sheuld be hinder their controul , and that publication be made in this country that to such agent emigrants mnst apply for instructions in all things necessary on landing ; and should the agent so appointed neglect his duty , or betray his trust , let it be also published and another appointed . The mode of remuneration to be decided ; by the association . Of course the power of the association would depend upon the degree of confidence which the public reposed in the members . i
Could this object be effected , the swindling which -would be prevented , and the beseflts resulting therefrom would be incalculable . The emigrants -would then step on shore in confidence , as if to meet a friend ; now they are surrounded before they get from on board by crowds of land sharks , ready to devour one another in order that they may . uninterruptedly prey upon their -victims . To prove which , I here give the following letters from two of the most reputable conveyance agents in the City of'New York , and one from Mr . Rewcastie , of 17 , Front-street , iu the same city , who keeps a boarding-house , and has therefore constantly before his eyes the conduct of the plundering crews : —
We . 1 . New York , September 30 , 1842 . Me . Pitðw , Sib ., —I take great pleasure In complying -with your request to give you my views on the subject of " Passage Runnero , " and assure you of my hearty co-operation in anything which will tend to break up and destroy the gang who infest our city to prey npon the poor unwary emigrant . Tha surest way , in my opinion , fer the emigrant to avoid imposition is to pay his passage at Liverpool ; for instance , for Buffalo , if that is his destination ; fairing care to pay none but responsible men . The consequence is , on hist arrival here , the Banners ascertain that the passage ia paid , and give themselves , or him , no further trouble ; Oa the contrary , his neighbour , who paid only to New York , is pulled and hauled about , perhaps robbed ; at any rate , made to pay much more than the regular fare .
Those Burners make from two dollars to six dollars per head on the passengers , besides charging them enormous prices for centage , ice ,, &c We carry the passengers to Buffalo for two dollars fifty cents « acb Toe Runners charge them six dollars , sometimes more . They p » y us our price , and pocket the difference . f Agents should be appointed at London and Liverpool to slate these facts , and be authorized to collect the passage money , j which would save emigrants thousands of pounds in the course of the year ; or if that cannot conveniently be done , ascertain the name of the most responsible liner , and let the emigrant , when he arrives here , go to the omce himself and make a bargain .
Volumes might be written on this subject ; and innumerable cases of fraud and imposition cited , had I time ; and take my word for it , the evil can only be corrected by pursuing some such course in the old country * s 1 have suggested . Yery respectfully , yours , * & , Thomas P . Waters . Commercial Transportation Go . by Steam on the Lakes and Rivera . T . P . Waters and E . F . Norton , agents , 23 , Water-street , corner of Broad-Btreet , New York . J . I . Carter and Co ., proprietors , Albany .
AGENTS AND BEFEREKCES . J . I . Carter and Co ., Albany , H . H . Treat , Buffalo , G . A . French , Dunkirk , Chard , White , and Co ., Cleveland , O ., J . Rowe and Co \ , Portsmouth , O ., ' J . Fleeharty and Co ., Huron , O ., Peckham and Co ., Toledo , O ., M . Wilson , Dstroit , Mich ., Bristol and Porter , Chicago , 111 ., Sleight and Gould , Mich , City , Ia . Mark Goods * Care C . T . Co ., ' and ship by Scbuyler ' i Line , Pier No . 3 , near the foot of Broad-street , daily , at five , p . m . "
Untitled Article
w-Jv ^ tvl W" to 118 ¦ ¦ P « W * w 4 h <> w H » rogues at 2 SLSK ¦ **? " !?* d 0 Uu 8 ' ** ewn more , to Buffalo ; S ^ % - ^ UW ? - mM » - - H > M two , sometimes less " ^^"" Mii grt all , and they hand the S ^ S » jweipt which is not worth a fartbJog . A gn g or ewindlen too aV Liverpool act in the same nJ *^?^^ 1 ^ S P «* n >«*» out in a plain maniwiL ^ T » aow that he carries the passengers considerably cheaper ) han ajr . Waters . ¦ ' To Buffalo , Ubout 400 miles ) one dollar and fifty ceutowMchin ^ Eugllsh money , is 6 s . | 3 d . ; and when it Is nnderstood that an Euglish halfpenny passes for . and ™ f »» » in ) value as a cent ., and that a dollar Is equal to 100 cents ., there wUl be little difficulty to read and understand the table In tills letter . It wUl benndewtood that ithe figures 1 , 00 U to * fare ; SO for the uggage , mean ng flOlbs . weight This is necessarv to
pe partjcularly noticed , a * the charge Is exei-bitant for ¦ JfS ? > * 9 wben the fare la so low j the emigrant mwttberefore ^ take especial care when making the bwgaln ^ to include all his luggage , of every kind , before fllt ^* *^ N » W- in his fare , or he may find his fare doubled , or perhaps trebled . This would not be excessive for so great a distance , but It is the duty of e * ery one to go for as little as possible . See to ffliis whether you travel by water or by railway . 11 v * ., » . * ' ^^ S ^! " # iB best to go by boat . Llgnt freight Implies passage boat , in oontaadistincion to . heftvy luggage boats . I felt it my duty to look out for information ; I obtained much , but consider these two letters sufficient g ? Wes « u toe passage to the intermediate towns and to Buffalo , whichjis the great line by whichnineteen-twentleths of the einigrants travel to the west .
From Bufialp to Mllkwalkey , Racine , Soathport , or Chicago / the fare by the best steamers is , for the cabin , with provision * , fifteen dollars ! in ihe steerage , without provisions / eight dollara . Provisions can be taken on board at starting , and can be bought very low at mosfc of the w « oding stations . Fares to any of the ports between ) Buffalo and the places just named ate charged according to the distance . Fares may jbe taken fr « m Boston , or New York , direct to Chicago , or any of the ports on the lakes west of Buffalo ; but it is necessary to know that the steamers from Buffalo go the extreme distance : of 1 , 050 miles fn four and haltjd&ys ; . as some of those by which they would be probably forwarded en the lakes might occupy double that time or more . The time ,. and the expenee of provisions rimet therefore be taten into account
My kind friend , Mr . James Speucer , of Buffalo , would be glad to furnish sll with the best information , and also with ' ' good bread and groceries , at his baking and grocery store , in Lloyd-street , Buffalo ; and he would enable the emigrant to avoid the land sharks which have commenced their knavery there as at New York . r ; The following statement is from Mr . John Rewcastie , formerly of Newcaatle-upon-Tyne , who for a number of years has kept the Boarding House , No . 17 , Frontstreet , New York : — ¦ After leaving Liverpool in disgust , from the manifold impositions of their own countrymen , expecting better treatment where man ' s equality is acknowledged as the ground of their institutions , Eintgr&nts find themselves woefully mistaken immediately on their arrival in
America ; but . men of prudence and proper caution might easily avoid the manifold snares set to entrap them . As a duty to my fellow men , I describe those that beset them in New York . First , between the months of April and October , all vessels bringing passengers from any foreign port stop ; to ride quarantine at a place called Staten Island , situated about seven miles below New York , and between which places a regular hourly communication is kept up , by steamboats , charging one York shilling , ( about an English sixpence each ) where sometimes a few of the passengers are allowed to go on shore for the purpose of procuring fresh provisions , &c They fwill generally find at this place a host of individuals ready to accost them ; some , are pretended agents for the lines of boats
proceeding to the Western States , but with which they have no connection , but are a portion of a set of men banded together like a crew of pirates , to rob every man who is [ unfortunate enough to listen to their tales about the respectability of their lines , && , fcc . The day afterj or perhaps two daysior more , according to the health of the passengers or cleanliness of the ship and inmates , they are with their baggage transferred to a lighter or schooner , their baggage examined on a block * by the Custom House officers , and then set sail for New York . The captain of these schooners are generally [( in fact always ) bought by these officekeepers to land them at a place convenient to their office , and u * e all his influence on board on their way from quarantine to induce them to take their tickets for Buffalo , Pittsburgh , or any of the Western States ;
and from his apparent candour and impartiality the people seldom suspect him to be interested , although the writer has known many of them to receive the sum of thirty dollars for one boat load . Then they are thus imposed on by payinpr five or six dollars to Buffalo in the tow boaU « f from York , in the most miserable manner , on the canal boats from Albany , while the actual fare from New York to Buffalo has not exceeded two dollars the whole season . The Bum may appear Bmall for the distance , but it is more than the amount generally paid by the runnerB or pretended agents . If they take passengers at all , which they -frequently do not , and the sufferers are told by the captain of the canal boats , their tickets are of no ns » , they know nothing of the signing parties ; and of course the fare must be
re-paid . It is also a common practice to bribe one of the emigrants themselves to take the parties to some boarding noose , and from there to one of the offices in question . The only way to avoid the villains is to look out for the cheapest steamer or tow boat to Albany , and when there to take the best and cheapest canal boat they can find to any part between Albany and Buffalo , finding their own provisions . Another great evil and fraud is with Bom » of the boarding houses using similar ' means to obtain customers ; and telling them they will board them at one price , and then charging double the amount stipulated for . The stranger has no meansjof escape without & tedious civil suit for the recovery of bis baggage , which they will hold till the amount is paii .
J John Riwcastle . Mr . Rowcastte recommends that passengers should look ont for ) the cheapest steam boat to Albany ; but acting on that advice exposes everyone to the snares of the plunderers—they not knowing where to apply and who to believe . I am convinced more and more ^ of the necessity of a responsible agent , as before mentioned , and could wish that some means could be adopted in order that this desideratum might be supplied . CTo be contintted . }
Untitled Article
THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY . OUR ADVANCED , AND ADVANCING POSITION . TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Fellow Labourers—If we have gathered together the scattered forces of democracy—the Paineitea , Huntites , Cobbettites , the Radicals of every shade , —and concentrated the beterogenuB mass into one great homogeneous body under the title of Chartists , i . e ., adherents to , and advocates of , the document entitled the People's Charter ; in doing ibis we have well begun the work for political equality ; and the labour of five years , with all its trials , ! troubles , and expenso , hath been well spent in rearing the legion of liberty , whose onward march must ultimately destroy the Hydra of corruption With its army of oppression .
Yet it must be borne in mind the work is but begun We have gained a position in the political world ; we have te defend that position , maintain it , and advance it t As O'Connor has often said : " We cannot retreat , we must jjo fbrward . " Brothers , the labour thickens before us 1 the wilderness has to be cleared . ' Svery day'jbrings with it Increased demands for our exertions . Every calamity brings with it new imposts , increased claims on our sympathy and scanty means . r ¦
When we started our Working Men's Associations , we had little j , else to do than devise means for publishing our principles and increasing our rankB . Still even then did several of our members think with , myself , that a Benefit Society ; was necessary to provide against the po verty that might accrue to some of us from the advocacy of those principles . The subject was mooted in more than one Society , but the majority of our members' were too much absorbed in political questions at attend to this must important one of "providing for the body . " Their language seemed to be " provide not for the morrow " : but Burely the poverty and troubles that have overtaken our Association , and the toiling class generally , hath taught us that we should haye made such provisions in 1839 . Again the question ; with a pl . in , was submitted to the members of one
township : but their minds were sojmucb occupied with the subject of self-defence against the proclamationattacks , andiothei expectedj attacks , of the Reform Government , that it was impossible to dimly consider the belter work . \ Since thea , we have ' been so thoroughly ocenpitd with the numerous trials and victims , as to be unable to devote any time to any ] other eubjeot than those immediately connected therewith . But now , that we are emerging from the eecond crusade against our puny and fellow slaves , we can aalnily look back upon the scene through which we have pauaed , and , recount , ing our toil , trials , and troubles , our sacrifices and costs , see what it is , that" we have left undone that wesliould have done ; " ! and what it is ?' we :, have djua that we should have left undone "; and instead of repining f 01 the errors of the pas c , look upon , them as landmarks foi theftature . t ?
Who that will enter into the consideration of the sufcjsct , hut will perceive what a powerful helpmate in every stage ! of our past progrJB 3 , a Benefit Socifcty would have ' been ; asd that it is therefore one of the things that v ? o ' stould have drQ 3 . hut which we bavo left undone : " and eeeing thatnit ia so , tat re is mone too
Untitled Article
much time to spare before we commence this necessary assistant of Chartism . With 83 National Benefit I Society , let us calculate what would be the advantages to bo gained in its first stage of about one year ' s duration , —the time I propose each member shall subscribe * before he Is entitled to relief . To put the thing at the lowest , ( or the sake of safe argument ,, we will suppose that we get ten towns with one hundred and twenty-five members , at twopence each per week . That will bring in twenty shillings and tenpence per week for each town ; or £ 54 3 a . 4 d . per year ; being for the ten towns the euro of £ 541 13 s . 4 d . per year . Could we not take a farm and stock it with this sum ? and put several members on it to work it up to the highest state of cultivation
tne land would bear 7 And ' could we not get twenty or thirty of the small towns ( and villages to makeup another £ 541 13 s . 4 d . per year among them , which would make the Bam of £ 1083 6 s . 8 d . Then we could take a larger farm , and stock ] it with this sum . Aye . we could purchase a small estate , as the Socialists have done ; paying £ 500 towards ( the purchase money , nod the remainder by annual instalments ; and we couldpurchase stock with the remaining £ 583 6 s . 8 d . But would not Home of our large towns and cities produce more than one hundred and twenty-five members to such a society ? Would not five hundred ' or one thousand be nearer the complement ? One town with five hundred members would produce £ 218 13 s . 4 di Who will say that this would not be a good round sum to commence operations on the land with ? and what arfzan or labourer in
employ , when he contemplates what great good may be done by the aggregate of those Twopences ; what provision may be thus effected against a " rainy day" for himself or family ; but will readily stint himself of TWOPENCE weekly to procure it ? H Let us put the chief sums I have set down together , and ponder over their total : — | From twenty or thirty small towns and villages . .... L ...... £ 548 13 4 From ten large towns of 125 members each } , 541 13 4 From ten citios and large towns of 500 memberb each . .. I ... 2166 13 4
Annual Total .... £ 3250 0 0 Now , brother Chartists ! jwould not this be a grand sum to place in the bands of Feargus O . Connor , and T . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P ., and Sharman Crawford , Esq M . P ., wherewith to purchase land for us , as our stewards ? Who would THEN dare to cnJI us 11 beggarly Chartiste' * , or ?• jack etriiws" , or " tagrag " , or any other of the refined terms from the college vocabulary of the sprigs of wealth that are new so freely lavished upon us ?| Above all , consider how many of our starving members we ceuld employ by the judicious management of thia sum on the land , orother
raw material ! If we see clearly that so great a sum , or half of it , eooid be raised jby our stinted pence , is it not worth a straggle to accomplish the task ? Once raised It would make happy homes for many of our brethren ; and , by their labour be annually increased to a considerable amount ; and jwhen we had succeeded in getting the chief part of out brother worfeiea -who are in employ into such a society , we should be able to employ all our members that from time to time might come upon the funds , besides drawing off a great quantity of the present unemployed that throng the labour market , and depreciate the I price and value of all labour .
It is our duty to start such a society for the purpose of giving employ to the hundreds of our brother Chartists who have been thrown upon the wide world to starve by prejudiced employers for their adherence and advocacy of the cause of Chartism . Shall we continne to Id jure oar cause by owe neglect ol the army ot Chartist martyrs r j ; It behoves us as Christians , patriots , and philanthropists , to establish such a society for the purpose of opening a field wherein to give employment and a comfortable home to the thousands of our fellow countrymen who are now perishing in wretched hovels , garrets , cellars , and in our Btreets . | We must do this , seeing that we have the power , or be content to wear the badge and bear the title of hypocrites .
We are bound aa mortals , by all the better feeling of our nature , to start such a society , for the purpose of providing an asylum for the law-made widows and fatherless children of our camp ; the widows , wives , and orphans of those noble , virtuous , and brave soldiers who have offered up their liberties and lives upon the altar of liberty for their Charter and our country's sake . Yes , my fellows , the necessities of the times apjuoal to all our natural and national virtues ; to all that is good within us ; to awaken our mightiest energies , and Seek by a union of all the power of our command to remove the cup of bitterness , which avarice , tyranny , and oppression is now making our order drink to the very dregs I I
The Land it is evident is the only means of escape from the dire scourge that now hangs aa a noisome pestilence over our once bappy country . The Golden Plague , the Ikon Plague , the Fire Plague , bath overtaken us in the world Jof trade I—the Plague of FACTION hath filled the Senate hoose , the judgment-Seat , and tbe justice-hall ; [ from this combination of Plagues , nature ' s broad fields is the only help !! I The men of the New World cry out " the / fre machinet are fast overwhelming you ; go to the land ! We , of the Old World reply " the fire machines have overwhelmed us ; We want Jthe lbt \ d . " Our untiring friend , O Connor , saith " xi ^ E Land is the remedy , " and shews you " how to get the land ; " and your bumble fellow labourer bath , iu these letters , sought , by his poor scope of language , to point out " the road to the land , " and to rouse your energies to commence the journey I
Tho Socialists , many of them , have gotten on tbe land ; a body of men much smaller than tbe Chartists , and not a tittle richer ; and what is to prevent a large and Important body , such as we are , from getting land ? Surely , nothing but perversneas ; and surely we shall not be perverse ! t What ! shall the Socialists be "Landed Squires" and we be " Landless KNIGHTS . " ( mites ) 1 ! Common sense forbid it ! Shade of Cobbett ! scare us from such foolishness ! Hunt , arise and teach as how to live ! and antil we have thus learned , may hope support j Your anxious brother , j Gracchus .
Untitled Article
HOME COLONIZATION . LETTER XIX . TO THE EDITOR OFITHE NORTHERN STAR . SiR—The subject of my letter for this week is an important one : " The abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies "; but it most give way a little whilst I refer to what is of still greater moment at the present crisis , and which occupies the chief portion of your paper of to-day , namely , a sound Organisation of the people . I have already written so fully respecting this subject , that I should not make any remarks ou it at present , but for the comments of Mr . Macpherson , of Aberdeen , which indicate that I have failed to make myself clearly nnderstood by him , I fear this may have been the case with many others .
Mr . M . says , " That no extensive support can be got to any scheme which is n » t under the effective control of the immediate auppoiters ; or in other words , that the expensive machinery necessary for conduct-Ing a centralizsl national movement will not be supported , and more especially if such ceutraliz-jct machinery be placed under the direction of an irresponsible head . " In this sentence there are two important misconceptions of my meaning . First—That I wish toj remove the effective control of the movement , from its immediate snppcrters . j Second . —That tbe President , by being plaosd at the head , would be irresponslbler '
With regard to the first . | Whenever a sonnd Organization shall be formed on truly correct prlnciplea , in which the leading parties shall be actuated solely by the desire to promote tbe universal good , and these leaders shall have gained the experience which enables men to distinguish between theory and . practice , talk and action ; when they shall have had { their beings elevated to an equality with their desires and hopes for their fellowmen , then will they soon be enabled to lay before the publio aueh plans as shall , by their general benefit , and easy practicability , attract the confidence and early support of alL {
It is of such an association only that I have written ; and whenever tbe people ( shall be sufficiently alive to the union of the selfish with the universal interest of man , they will not fait immediately to seek the latter , as they will find that it is much easier to obtain the universal than any fragmentary portion . This however , can only be sought after io proportion as men ' s minds can be elevated from the low and depressed condition in which all have hitherto jbeen placed ; and although at present an Organisation different from that Which I may most strongly desire may be adopted , so one can rejoice more tban I do at the progress we are ail making towards the right end . j
It will be remembered that I placed the selection er election of the president , treasurer , and auditors , local ly and generally , in the hand ' s of the members ; and proposed that they should bejat all times free to change any or all of these officers whenever their conduct appear to require it j With respect to tbe president of such a society being irresponsible ; when the subject shall fee viewed practically , nothing will be found to be more erroneous . The responsibility that will be fixed upon him will be that of carry in « out the principles on which the association shall be formed . It is true that up to tins period In numberless Instances , leaders have been found inl adequate to the position they have sought . Many have when' has been centered
power In them , forgotten the objects for which th , « , y have aawci&ted . Bat these things cannot be productive of much evil if the main body are intelligent It is far bettb to allow the powers and faculties of any man who becomes sufficiently couspt cuous to obtain such aposition , to be fully developed * ban that he ^ faoald be thwarted and couitefacteTb thoaa around him ; or that hashaU fee allowed , in case " f failure , to throw off bis responsibility npoh others say that but for them he should have acted differently An ^ ghtened peopte ^ and none others will seek such ohjecte as I propose , i -win won < jfaeern wh l e £ their affairs are being right y conducted ; they will give confidence fully and gene ousiy whilst it is necessary ; they will not think of impeding or frustrating the views
Untitled Article
of the president for the purpose of exhibiting their own self-importance ; they will try by every suggestive and other mode they cau adopt to support and strengthen him for the attainment of their mutual object : but if these thinga fail , they will then in a spirit of kindness and love tell him that ha Ia inadequate to his task , uad must give way to some one who is better qualified fox the position . The time has passed when even in the irrational manner in which the afflira of men are now conducted , any person can long retain a leadership for which he is unqualified . Public opinion is now too far advanced for an evasive policy to serve any cause . Men love the truth ; and if it can be proved to be consistent with their self-interest it will soon be supported and made triumphant . Let the Association then be based on tbe three great ( ruths : —
1—That the character of man is improved or otherwise by the circumstances by which he is surrounded . 2—That he has not the power to believe or disbelieve at his pleasure . 3—That he must love or hate according " to the impressions made upon him . Let tbe object sought be the well-being and happiness of every individual of the human race ; and let sou d practical means to obtain this object be placed before the public at Iho present crifiis , and a power shall be immediately evoked that will soon silence all the personal pretensions bf individuals to retain tha presidency of tuch an Association unless they are tbe most fitted that can be procured . I find that I am pursuing this subject at greater length than I intended , for which I offer as an Apology
its extreme importance ; but aa many opportunities will yet occur for my again reverting to it before the Organfzition will be formed , and as I am well aware that we had much better take one even less complete , if more adapted to the public taste , I shall not press this matter farther , bat leave it by sayiDg that I am extremely gratified at seeing the attention it is receiving in your columns , —as I am confident the day is fast approaching when the people must be prepared to adopt the advice * given them by Sir Robert Peel , and " take their affairs into their own hands , " or they will find that the increased powers and inventions which are daily being brought forth and placed ic competltition with them , will render the let of man miserable beyond conception .
To revert then to the fourth point of the Preliminary Charter , 'the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies . What can be more rational than such a course , and what more easy of attainment ? We may see what can be done by a small body of men , the Antl « Corn Law Leage , whose abject iB to remove one single impost , which impost is the supposed main fctay and support of the majority of the members of both Houses of Parliament Hut for the indifference with which this movement is looked upon by tbe people , and the dislike they have for the promoters of the measure , tbe Corn Laws could not be held even through the present session . What then can ever be long withheld from
the united voice of the majestic people , seeking the welfare and happiness of all ranks , classes , sects , and parties , and ready to support that peace and order which will boob be beyond all value , to those poor beings who have hitherto been taught te consider themselves the great ones of the earth ? Where ie the opposition to come from that will be enabled to resist , or that will attempt to-resist , the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies after a property tax shall have ; been agreed to be substituted ? The measure may appear large and startling at first ; but it will soon be found to be eo easy ,- practical , and advantageous , that ell willsoon wonder how any other system could ever have been supported .
Look at the present complicated and enormously expensive manner in which the revenue of this country in raised . ' It would really appear aB though every inventive faculty of man had been brought into requisition to torture and annoy himself and to prevent peace or happiness being found in society . ' Instead of developing tbe immense resources which are continually being found to exist for promoting the general happiness , every impediment that can possibly be thought of is thrown in the way of producing wealth ; and when production does really take place in spite of every obstacle , then all the power that society can raiso is brought together to prevent an equitable distribution .
Take , for Instance , the great leading articles' of consumption in this country . Tea , coffee , sugar , spirits , male , and tobacco , which are all hemmed in by most fearful and terrific imposts ; and the expences which are necessarily incurred to provide for the continuance of these imposts are beyond all estimate fo money value . The most fearful and disorganir ' ng passions are excited by the attempt made to smuggle and to repress smuggling ; whilst the frauds caused by desiring to evade duties , are sufficient to ruin every individual who has anything like the moral sense of desiring to act in accordance witb that which he ia obliged to declare it is honourable to perform .
Tbe delinquencies which are daily being brought to light of the manner in which some frauds axe committed beat no- proportion whatever to those which still avoid detection . Gould the people once be fairly roused to a sense of tbe manner in which many who are called honourable men are obliged to act to retain their positions , they would soon take care these things should no longer be . By the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies , an immense number of persons who are nnproductively employed , and are consequently living by the exertions of others , would be enabled to give their attention to the producing of those things necessary for the general good ; and your readers will have to remember that in the system I am treating of there will be plenty of
labour to perform . We shall have all the lands not enly in this country , but in dne and progressive order , of all the habitable globe , to survey , map-out , and cultivate to the very highest point which the daily increasing intelligence of the science of agriculture will permit ; —we efaall have to veil drain those lands , sad to direct the Water courses from , the source of each river , through the whole of its extent , ia such , a manner that it shall irrigate , fertilize , and ornament tbe land to the highest point of utility and beauty that our finest minds in thiB department will be enabled to suggest ;—we stall have have to carry horticulture , botany , and general gardening to the highest pointof perfection , to supply superior fruits , flowers , and vegetables in abundance , and to give to every individual those refined tastes whioh will
assist bun in advancing to that juperier state of existence which the daily increasing inventions of the age now shew may be easily attained by all , when the being of man shall be cultivated as it ought to be , and would be under rational arrangements . We shall have to find tbe localities of all the various metals , earths , coals and other requisites for general use , and the manner in which they can be supplied with the greatest economy of time , labour , and capital , that they may be placed ! Abundantly within the reach of alL We shall have to layout and make a system of roads best adapted to promote the most rapid and friendly intercourse among all people ; and we shall have to erect superior dwellings for all , on ttie plans beat adapted to suit their governing Intelligence and taste .
It would be easy and pleasant to go on enumerating many other things that will require our attention when the present rude and irrational manner of performing the affairs of life shall be superseded ! but I see my usual space is filled . There is 000 thing however we must never forget , which is , that this business may immediately be commenced if the people will it in unity . Unity will never be . obtained until the people determine on placing their individual wills into the hands of tbe person who may be found the most competent to carry forward the movement ; nor until they ate thenselves sufficiently enlightened by experience to discern when those in whom they may confide shall deviate from the principles on . which tfce Association shall be formed ; aa those alone-will render it possible to obtain tub object that is to bdsougbk
We may , however , rejoice and be exceedingly glad at the progress which is now making . Each day , each hour , teems with events of great importance to the human race ; not a moment should be lost ia preparing ourselves for the great and mighty struggle which is to ariae > when the individual and selfish nature of man shall give way to his desire to promote the universal good . - I am , Sir , your obedient servant , William Qalpin . Concordium , Ham Common , Surrey , . ' •; i July 15 , 1843 . . ¦ ¦ -: . <•
Untitled Article
Robbery on a RAitwiy . r-InfoTnsation was given on Wednesday week at the Leicester station , pra robbery that had been aonahHted" ur > 6 n alady whilst travellma along th ^ e Londori ' and BiVmiogham Railway . The lady , in question wWfSfiftmiig to Leicester , when she fonnd , upon fesKngf for : h « ticket , that she hadbeenrobbed of £ 40 ?* iA ' n engine " ** f ^* " despatched to ^ u gby , wtare it was aBcertained jthat the party suspeotedWea taken a
ucKenor'ttamptdni and thence to Bertfy / at which station . W toot * another ticket 'for Kogby again , . the engine controaed ite coarse , and ^ cant * * & with the train at Loughborougn , following it to Leicester , where an examination of the passengers took place , and the lady identified one of them as her Jate f « lbw traveller ; whereupon he was searched , antftiie whole or the missing property was found upon him . Tbe lady oonjeotoies the robbety-wal effected in KilsbT tunnel . *
Isxhmps pw Panajta . —Ai a late meeting of iha Acadamy of Soiencea at Paris , M * Arago made a communication of the stops that We bees taken towards the grjjat work of cutiing through the Isthmus of Panama , which has been so long talked of , but which many jiersons Have regar-ed as chiaie-/ ipaJ . According to this communication , a contraofe hag been entered into by Messrs . Baring and Co ., of J ^ ndon , with the repabiicjpf New Grenada , in virtue Of which the republic is to ^ cede to tbe&i tho line require ? ( fft the projeoted canal , with 80 , 000 acres of laud oa the two banta , and 400 , 000 acres in the inte * fiocof tlie , oqnntryr Messrs / Baring and Co . had , ifc is saidjin the first instance , fixed the amount of toll for the navigation , of the canal at the ezhorbitant price of lSf pe ^ ¦ ton j . but the ; -have reduced it to 8 f . The work , upon which from 4 , 000 to 5 000 meaare to be engaged , is to be completed fn five years .
Untitled Article
Commercial Transportation Co . 's General Passage Office . Three Boats leave Albany daily . Passengers forwarded , without delay , to TJSca , Cleveland , O ., Rochester , Detroit , Mich ,, Lockport , Chicago , I 1 L , Buffalo , Toronto , U . C Oiwego , PiVUburgh , And all p » rts of tke Western Country . Waters andlforton , agents , 23 , Water , Comer Broadstreet , New York . " ' ¦ No . 2 . New York , Sept SO , 1842 .
M& . PITKETHLY , Sm , —In the few words I had with you this morning , relative to the impositions practised on emigrants that arrive at this port from foreign countries , by a gang of known thieves , pickpockets , gamblers , and the lowest il&ss of mankind called runners , I promised you an account v » f a trick played on a passenger who paid his'Tare in this office , to go by tbe line I represent in this city—the Rail-road Express Line , The facts are-aimply these : —The man got his receipt in the morning ; and before evening , some of the runners had persuaded him that there was no sueh line , . and
that he must nave another receipt from them , as theirs was tbe trne ofice . Well , he thought to make sure of a passage ; ' 10 bonght the second ticket by a eanal line as he . supposed ; and in doing so they robbed him « f the ticket he had from me . ; and I saw him at Albany , next morning , required te " see his receipt , in order to give him rail-road tickets , when to my aurpiiae , and hfs Cost , he told me the Irunners had taken it from him . This 1 b only a single case out of thousands ; and this wflVM oue of the migrating Yankees from one of the Eutern States .
~ I am happy to contribute anything that may have a tendency to pnt down tbe evil and fraud practised on strangers by the runners , as 1 have reputation in common with the agenta " of the different forwarding lines in this city . I am most glad to see tbe ) good work 00 vigorously commeBced by yourself . As for the passage prices , they hava been as follows , through the greater part of this season : —One dollar from Albany to Buffalo , for each passenger ; this low price is in consequence of opposition ; the regular fare is one cent , pet mile , on the canal , and no board , or two cents , per mile ; with board ; though many are taken for one and a half cents- per mile , board included ; and I will carry all I can get at this low rate , this season , and there are other good lines that do the same thing . CANAL PRICES PROM ALBANY .
Bales of Passage as they are . To Buffalo , 1 dollar 00 cents . Luggage , 90 lbs . To Rochester , 75 do . Bo . 70 de . To less distance , 75 do . Do . 70 do . Tbe above you will readily see are prices by which erety line must lose money by , for they pay on each pasjenger to the State 33 cents , as a duty cr tolL < jS Rales as they should bs , T » -Buffilo , 3 ddllars 50 cents . Luggage , 75 cents . To Rochester , 2 do . 50 do . Do . 60 do . To Syracuse , 2 do . 00 do . Do . 50 do . This is the fair living price , and in no Instance have I taken more from any passenger , either this or any preceding season , :
Now I will give you the prices and route of the line I represent , and the advantages over the canal lines ; from New York to Albany , by regular passage steamboats ; from Albany to Scbenectarta , by rail-road ; from Schenect&da to Syracuse , by light freight packet ; from Syracuse to Rochester , by rail-road ; again from thence to Buffalo , by railroad or canal , as the party going may chose . You see at s glance that I get njy passengers to Rochester in three days ; this being In leas time than they generally get to Schenectada ; and tbe reason is , they go in tow-boats from New York to Albany , and from Albany to Schenectada , round a distance of twenty-nine miles , with " twenty-nine locks to pass the greatest number on any part of the canal . This is no fiction , aa you know , having travelled tbe road yourself .
I will give you a list ef prices , by my line , with the time from each place to the next . Tima Cabin . Deck , hours . doL cts . eta . From New York to Albany , ... 10 1 50 60 From Albany to Sehee . rail-road 1 0 50 From Sehenectida to Syracuse canal ... 46 2 50 From Syracuse to Rochester railroad ...- 6 2 00 From Rochester to Buffalo canal 36 1 00 Detention to shift at the different — — points , one hour each , ... 4 7 50 050
103 Here you have all I could get on this sheet , which your friends may rely on as being the true statement . Respectfully yours , John P . Spber , Agent Railroad Express Line , via steamboat , railroad , and canal , for TTtica , ! Syracuse , Rochester , and Buffalo , and to all ports injUpper Canada , saving « lx days through , in time , and the cheapest and most pleasant route , at canal fare . 1 < fff Goed Accommodations for passengers , and light freights carried . Apply on board the steamboat Washington , foot of Robinson-street , or to J . P . Speer , and Xellogg and Blasson , 100 Broadstreet . l
Untitled Article
I number those letters for the purpose of reference . No . 1 speaks plainly ifor itself respecting tbe cormorant * which the emigrant must expect to meet on the other side ; but I confess that a difficulty exists in way mind with respfct to carrying out the proposition of the writer of paying the fare not only to New York but to the Far WeBt . It certainly would prevent the vultures from preying upon ] them at the landing place , but without new arrangement * among the shippers it could not be done ; while the proposition I have before-meationed of having an accredited agent at the port would be much better . The suggestion of having protecting ' ¦ . ni ¦ vr--c ' v i'senta at London , Liverpool , and other p * r * _ t . it . uw iy aiirt 10 ; ac « ftitl assured tfiaVincalrsiaNr L * i -. n-js v , « ul-: he the result .
Untitled Article
* A block is a sort of quay , or pier where the vessel lays to . t Tow-boats are heavy vessels which convey merchandise , and two , three , or four of them are fastened to one steamer of limited power , and are thus towed up the Hudson river to Albany , their progress being necessarily very alow , occupying more than double tbe time of the passenger steamers . Those boats generally go on to Troy tcifmeet the canal boats .
Untitled Article
^ _ THE NORTHERN ^ star ; J j
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), July 22, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct660/page/7/
-