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TO THE PEOPLE.
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THE jS t OETHEEN STAB,. SATURDAY, MASCH 4, ISiS.
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@T* MeaXfev^ antr <3orve&novtoent$.
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NORTH LANCASHIRE ASSIZES.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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^ itXSBS Sefplt op Cottos Comikg . —The easterly winds which have prevailed nearly the whole of the present month have prevented the arrival of a lar ^ e number of vessel s from foreign "ports . Amongst the Tessels now due are upwards of UQ from the ooiton ports of the United States . At New Orleans , np to the 21 st of Jar nary , 33 vesselB had cleared for this port , not one of -which has yet armed . Of these , © Be bass cargo of 4 , 102 bales , one of 2 . 983 , two of upwards of 2 , 600 , one of upwardBof 2 , 500 , . and nine others of above 2 , 000 each . The grand total of cotton no won its way from 2 ? ew Orleans is more than 70 , 000 bales . At Mobile , np to the 22 nd of January , 17 vessels bad cleared for this poit , none of which have arrived . The largest cargo is 2 , 308 bales ; the totalufioat , about 25 , 000 . One vessel had cleared
out at Apalachieola ; another at Port Leon , anew por t on the Mississippi- Up to the 24 th January . 14 vessels had -cleared at Savannah for this port . The largest cargo is " 2 , 410 bales ; the total of all the ships above 20 , 000 . At Charleston , up to Januarj 25-, h , 15 vessels had cleared for this port , none of which have arrived . The total qaantity afloat , about 20 , 000 bales ; the l argest v&rgo , 5 , 300 . At New York three vessels had cleared for thiB port , ladsn with cotton . Two had also cleared at Texas , with cotton this port , and which may be added to the gross amounts as cotton from that country formerly came through New Orleans . Thus So vessels are known to be on their way with cotton for Liverpool Their united cargoes cannot be much less than 340 , 000 bales . —Liverpool Albion . The Chabtjsts dp Littlb Hobtoh met in their
room , Park-lane , on Sunday morning , when $ m > of the members volunteered to collect in the neighbourhood for the Defence Fund ; the proceeds of their labour amounted to 6 s . 2 | d ., with several promises of more support . They adjourned to Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock .
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' THE LAKD ! AND ONE OF TEE MEANS TO GET IT . OraEi-nxES have we told the people that they ministered to their own destruction ; that they forged their own chains ; that they made weapons of offence , and then placed them in the hands of their enemies , to be used against ihe " hands " who were so unwise as to place them there . In scarcely any one instance has this fact been so
dearly developed , as in the manner that the several societies of working men have disposed of their accumulated funds . Instead of using them for their © wn advantage , they have almost invariably given them into the custody of » " Banker , " who has allowed them some three-and-a-half per cent , interest for the use of them ; and taken care that that use of them has been one calculated to tell npon the parties who have entrusted him with their
Beans . The immense sums -which have bean placed by the working-people in ihe Savings' Banks " show how little they . reflect upon the consequences of their fwning so easily into the schemes of the Government . The institution of those places of "deposit , " was the result of a crafty and deep design to bind the -working classes up with the existence of thb Ststeh : and in too many instances have they succeeded . Millions upon millions of money have the Government been enabled to get hold of , and use to the sustainment and perpetuation of misrule , which they could rot have fingered but by the means the saving institutions afforded . And thus have the people been made to become their own Boourgers .
The matter has not been mended , when they have entrusted their funds into the hands of a" Private Banker . " He , too , uses it to the disadvantage of ihe labourer . He does not keep it in Us caffcrt ! It is lent ont to the men of bo capital , who are . thus enabled to build factories , bring into the labourmarket more machinery , to compete with the very men who have subscribed the very means he is trading with , and , is the end , reduce them to the parish
book . The race of competition becomes so keen ihat the men with no capital faU ; these failures cause the Banker to " suspend payment ; " and when the working people are thus turned out of employment ^ and farced npon ihe fnnds they have been , creating for times of want ,, they jisd their Tinas all gdkb ; and gone , too , be cause they "were bo unwise as to entrust them into the hands of those who used them to the end here
indicated . Of the horrible reality of this , many in Sheffield at this moment know but too well . The recent Bank fiSnreia that town has broken np many societies and chibs of working men , whose " all" were placed a the hands of the "Bankers" for safe keeping . The Odd-Fellows had more than £ 2 , 000 so circum-Btaneed . They may think themselves fortunate if they realize . £ 500 , or 53 . in the pound . How different would have been the result , . h&d the working-people generally followed the plan adopted by the ackicJub at Lambley , in Nottinghamshire , as detailed in the following communication ! What a much better "bank" would a "Lakd Bakk" have been for the £ 2 , 000 of the Sheffield Odd Fellows , than the Bank of Pauksb , Shobe , and Co . 1 b likely to -prove I
"Working people are often heard to say " how are we to get the ukd ! " The good , folks of Lambley fcaVB Bhenra them one teas / how ! It la an easy and a practicable one . It is worthy of all imitation . Let it be imitated 1 Let all the money belonging to societies of working men , now in the hands of Bankers , either govermestal or private , and which is daily being used agamsl the working man , be withdrawn and invested in the manner the Lambley "lads" have invested theirs ; and a considerable portion of lasb will be in the possession of working men ! Try it . It is the best Bank that money can ke lodged in . It never jaih 1 Here is ihe plan a 3 adopted by the villagers of Lambley : — " TO THB EDITOR OF THE SOSTHESK STAi .
" On reading over jour recent leaflfng article on the SjjtJ > , I thongbt it ironld -be weB to lay before yon a jd that we adopted at X&mbley « oaie fear jeaoa sjo . There-were a few disciples of the ' immortal William Cobbefct in the Jack club » t the above place ; and as -we lad mousy in the Savings * Bank , we considered obi money would be more secure if It was laid eut on land , and conduce much more to the advantage of the menters . We had a great deal of prejudice to contend with in relation to this proposal ; bat by perseverance we induced the members to agree to lay their money out on land . We bought six and a half acres , and
divided it into half-rood lota , so that each member ahcmia have a portion who thought well . Ths consequence is , we can produce by spade culture from seventeen to twenty sacks of potatoes , ten pecks to the sack , upon half a rood . One half rood produced ketween seven and eight bnabels of barley . One individual sat eiz hundred early c abbages , -which were very fine , tone -weighing fifteen pounds ; and one portion of his land with early potatoes . These were the first crop ; be afterwards transplanted sveed turnips on the Cobfcett plan , as late as the last week in July ; and he xealied a second crop , the turnips weighing from five to S&VEZ 1 jvwm ^» ofyf 1 11
The members ci the sick dnbe ol Arnold and "Woodfeoroogh , two adjoining villages , have drawn their money from the Saving * 'Bank , and bought Xanri "With it , and receive similar benefit "When the inhabitants tsi rath a large produce bom poos l&od , there -was a general anxieVy manifested to become occupiers of land ; and a public meeting 4 &Qed in She village , and a deputation of working men appointed to -wait on the Earl Manvers , lie having land conUguota to the village . The Noble Earl referred the deputation to his Jteward ; and he declined to © omplywith the wishes or the inhabitants of tbe village . ^ However , the Rev . Mr . JT&msted , Hector of the
Tillage , offered some tweirtj-five acres , at from thirty to thirty-six shillings per acre , free from the tithes , zstesj and taxes , to be apportioned la small allotments . His offisr was accepted j but the land was in & rnbbjshlv state through the neglect of the preceding occupier , "who was % farmer , and could no longer hold it to advantage . When it -was laid ont in small allotments , and pat into the * h&ads of -working men , ¦ s rho oltiratecl it by the spade , it produced such ' a crop the first year that ar toniahti all the fanners in the Tillage . The Trarking mm of Iambley have sow in then possession one hundred and eighty-ei ght lots , cori Birtinf of from half a rood to half &n acre each , amongst a ^ population of eight hundred .
« It would be well if members of riek dubs and saembezt of fnenoly societies , -who have money in BaTings 1 Banks or any other bank , -would Trithdrvw » , and Ixj it out Jn tend , instead of putting it in the binds of fiw tyianta who oppiess «; and instead of leedving ttree and a luslf per cent f » r , the use of their money , Uief-irouia receive , if it was Md out inland , ana in their own . oc « BJ ? ation , at least , one hundred pscaifc ** - -----'~ " I am , Sir , your * respectfully , Jam . 24 , 18 M- Joh » ScasjToy .
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OUR M PROSPERITY" !! At the conclusion of the bloody and protraoted war waged against the rising liberties of France , the red-hot loyalists , whose zeal for the overthrow of Nxfoleo * was so furiocsly manifested , blazoned forth , in variegated lamps , the following boastful sentence— " ENGLAND HATH NOT YET SEEN THE SUMMIT OF HER GLORY . " Whether the " Life and Property men" were desirous of carrying the sword throughout the whole world ; whether they wished to see every land mcarnardined with the blood of " the country ' s pride " , and rapine and plunder extend through all the earth , we know not . Bting t'heD , as now , opposed to the prosecution of unjust wan , we entered not into the counsels of the Loyalists . However , time and circumstances have shewn what we and a few others anticipated as the result of the war ; namely , NATIONAL RUIN . Tne Whigs compelled Bilvt Pitt to inscribe ichabod upon Britannia ' s shield . " The fine sold has become dim "—cay , it has become no gold at all . " The harp is hung upon the willows , " and the poor dejected " Mistress of the Main '' Bits weeping beneath the cypress Ehade .
Poverty has laid siege against us . It goes on from conquering to conquer , and bids fair to overwhelm every grade of society , and Bweep away every vestige of our once bjasttd greatness ; which , when accomplished , will give ub a full view of the " summit" of our cossummate wickedness in carrying destruction and murder into the heart ot nations who were minding their own business . The least powerful , with respect to the management of public affairs , have hitherto been the
greatest , if not the only sufferers . Now the middle classes cry peccavi I The shopkeepers of eyery description ( save My Uncle ") experience a lack of custom ; and the greatest possible difficulty , notwithstanding all their external display and incessant puffs , to make ends meet . Aye , and there is another shop—one in which business is carried on in the wholesale line , —we mean the house of Pkel and Co- There , General Want has commenced an attack ; and the assault has been too vigorous for the ** Invindbles" to repel . We are glad of it !
Oa Friday the 24 th ulL , Earl Mutxo " n » oved for returns respecting the preset t state of the navy . He required explanations as to why there had been less ship building last year than had been contemplUed , and why a reduced vote was to b » taken for the present year ! He inquired also the reasons of other reductions . " These queries appear to have frightened even the Iron Duke . " M Tae Hero of a hundred fights" trembled lest the cat should jump ont of the bag . He doubted the propriety of
furnishing the information "; and well he might . He knew full well how the matter stood and could not brook the idea of such humiliating facts being published to the world . However , maugre the advice of the Hero of the Age " , out came the ugly truth from the month of Hasdikgtok , in the following form : — " the reduced estimates / or the present year had been adopted wiih gr < at reluctance , but it was felt that , owing to the state of the finances , pome reduction should be adopted . "
This declaration of ' poverty is thought by Wel-Ljy&roH to be pregnant with " mischievous" consequences to this countiy . True . It will be to the present managers of the establishment—just the same as a pnb'ic declaration of insolvency . It h a pretty specimen of our Gseatkles ; and foreign powers will , so doubt chuckle at the trnibfa ] , though reluctant acknowledgment of Haddinqtom . Faction has long retained power by the
employment of brute force , fraud , and intrigue , but these weapons have , and ever wi ll prove harmless—those who wield them must in the end relinquish the contest and stand unveiled before the world . This declaration of a want of the " needful" at head quarters is one of the strongest possible proofs that can be given of the approaching downfall of despotism . The machine cannot long be kept in motion . The THING must fall , and the people be made free .
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THE FRUIT OF THE SYSTEM . Misbclb is a prolific source of evil . Its ramifications extend far and wide . Eerery corner ef the land exhibits the baleful tffectB of ita influence , and every grade of society presents its supporters and its victims . It is a poisoned fount whose serpentine stream has conveyed unutterable mischief- in every direction . From the Senate the evil has descended to the Bar , from whence equity and justice have been swept away * By it the pulpit ia pollated , and the temple of the Most High converted into a den of thieves . Onr merchants , our manufacturers , and
our tradesmen are corrupted thereby ; hence arises commercial competition and its ruinous train of evilB —the substitution of shadow for snbstance , and the keeping back of the hire of the labourer by fraud . The operatives also are vitiated by the concomitant corruptions of the system ; as witness the arrogance and pride assumed by thos& who are in the receipt of high wages for performing the least useful portion of labour . The w overlooker" is generall y found to be the greatest tyrant in an establishment , and he is frequently found to exercise tenfold more austerity towards the Blaves over whom
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h e has contro u l , t han "the master himself would have the effrontery to practice . Look also at the various societies , clubs , or trades ' un i ons whioh have been e s tablished for t he p rotection of . the interests of the working nan . These have uniformly failed ef producing the results intended by the p r o jectors and hon es t su pp or ter s o f such societies . And why have they failed in the accomplishment of the desired end ! Not because the object was impracticable , the scheme Utopian , or ^
from any defect m the rnles by whioh the societies were governed ; but their utility were marredtheir primary design thwarted—discord engendered —and the palm ef victory given into the hands of the antagonistic party by the very men for whose benefit the struggle was commenced and prosecuted . The traitors , as the working men well know , h a ve been amongst the foremost in their ' . own ' ranks ; they have been the loudeBt in their professions of sincerity and disinterestedness .
These thiogs have caused distrust and division and darkened the prospects of the productive olasseB ; so much so , that many , very many sterling , uncompromising , and firm adherents of the cause of universal right have either east aside their armour , in despair of achieving a triumph in the present generation , or have slackened their wonted zeal . This ought not to be ; as divisions will arise , disappointments may be anticipated ; and wolves may be expected entering the fold in the garb of sheep . Against such , the good and honest ought to prepare themselves , and resolve to battle the foe whether naked or disguised—whether within or without our camp .
We do not Bay that well-intentioned men cannot be } found in the Senate House , yet we are half inclined to subscribe to the truth of the oft-repeated saying that it is impossible for an honest man to sit in the House of Commons . " A man maybe actuated by the best of motives when first entering as a member of that assembly ; but suoh is the system that he must be more than human if he remains long therein uncorrupted and proof against the wiles aud ensnarements of faction .
We do not affirm that the " brutal" spirit of an Abmseb actuates all who labour at the bar ; nevertheless , we are well convinced that the man will be despised by the m * jox part of the long-robed fraternity , who prizes justice more than filthy lucre , and who would rather plead the cause of the widow , the fatherless , and the oppressed , thaa sabserre the purposes of the oppressor . Against suoh the door of preferment will be dosed so long as the present Bystem continues .
Men may be found in the priesthood who corrupt not the Word of God , who hesitate not to declare his whole counsel ; jet they are few in number . Obscure will be the location of such ; poverty wil be their lot , and poor ; will be the flock they superintend . We may have a few honest men among our merchants , who wonld scorn to impose upon the ignorance of a purchaser ; but if such there be , ruin will inevitably overtake them—unprincipled rivals will drive them out of the market by one means ox other , and thus verify the adage— " an honest man cannot live . "
Our manufacturers too well know that unless they resort to the prevailing mode of deception , they have not the shadow of a chance to succeed in business . They must be adepts in fraud—they must know the utility of glue , lime and paste , in giving substance to the cob-webs ; and they most know the intrinsic value of old rags , bags , and devil ' s-dust , or they will soon figure in the Gazette . Tradesmen in all the varied branches are necessitated to conform to every species of imposition in order to succeed : or they must at once abandon their profession .
The shopkeeper , or distributor of the various productions of labour , must likewise follow the fashion , or rt This Stock" will be " selling off at reduced prices , " and the " Shop to Let , * ' in consequence of " the present occupier declining business ; " which in plain English , means , the cart can ' t be kept on the wheels . Now all these things are produced by one great parent evil—misgovernment ; all the ramifications centre in one foous . They emanate from the
Legislature , and the onerous burden thereof falls , at last , upon the should * rs of the working olassiB . Each class according to its power aud influence in the State casts its burden off its back upon that of the less powerful and influential , until the whole devolves upon the sons of toil , who having no power to abrogate the iniquitous laws and customs resulting from class legislation , and whioh are sanctioned and fostered by the " masters of misrule . " are bowed down to the very dust , deprived of every comfort of life , and hurried into a premature grave .
We again repeat , what we have often told the people , that is , the labouring class , that they are the soul , the very life and staff ol the nation ; in them a power , though latent , exists equal to the removal of all the complained-of corruptioBB . They can remove the cause , and with it the effects . And to do this they must unite every energy against the common foe , direct every effort agaiBBt the enemies ' citadel , contend for the whole measure of their rights , repudiate every thing which may smack of
" bit by bit reform , " or compromise , and mind to keep a watchful eye upon the movements of itinerating , noisy , " breast-baring" and " carihon-mouth facing" would-be leaders . Prudence , caution and perseverance are the indispenBible requisites in our warfare , without the possession of which we shall indubitably fail in the aecomplishment of onr political redemption ; it , therefore , behoves us , oue and all , to see that our every action quadrates with thoBe essentials .
Before concluding these remarks we would direct the attention of our readers to a case of recent occurrence which , we opine , furnishes a most cogent and apposite illustration of the pernicious * effects produced by the system upon the ordinary occupations of life—the declension it engenders in the human mind—the anti-social and anti-Christian bias it gives to the actions of man in the performance of his duties to hiB fellows , and the odium which the operations of the infernal machine brings upon the character of those whom circumstances compel to follow its workings .
The circumstance to which we allude is , as before observed , of recent date , and has been communicated to us by parties concerned therein ; and we hesitate not in giving publicity to the facts , in the hope that a recurrence of such shameful conduct will be avoided by the system-corrupted party . A female , of the name of Sabah Butleb , residing in the village of Burley , about two miles westward of this office , being far advanced in pre «;» anoy , aud her case demanding immediate attention ,
application was made to . Mr . Miles Atkinson , surgeon , of this town , who , it appears , thought his profession led him to other considerations than an attention to the pressing requirements of the afflicted , or the application of remedies adapted to their situation . The most weighty matter was , " Who pats ths Doctob . " ! Yes , the PAY was the object of paramount importance . That was the only key which could open his pill-box ; the only channel through which medicine could Bow to the relief of the afflicted .
Well , the Doctor goes in quest ot the desired information , and soon ascertains that the woman is poor , as well a 8 sick ; consequently he resolved there should be ho physio if there was not a clear and palpable indication of pocketing the pay ; and , forthwith , he sent her the following laconio epistle instead ef a bottle of his restorative : — " Mrs . Sarah Butler , I have made an enquiry about your circumstances , and find yon are so poor that you are unable to pay a Surgeon , and therefore yon must get the Town's Purgeon , as I shall not attend you .
H . Mi lbs Atkinson , Surgeon . ' We copy the above from the original , it being now before us ; and we think such another specimen of
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depravity produced on ( the mind- of man by the prevailing system , oould not be found in the annals of the faculty . We hope , for the credit of the profession , that it could not . We have known oases approximating to it , but not one ] so perfect in its kind . Knowing that this land swarms with characters of the same kidney as the Levite spoken of in the proverb , and knowing also that the visits of good Samaritans to the cottage of the indigent and the bed of sickness , are like thosefof angels , —
" Few and far between , " we did not expect Miles Atkinson to distribute medicine gratis , or to visit the afflicted for nothing ; this would have formed a new era in the history of the profession ; yet , we do think that if the polluted stream had not flowed aoross his path , he would have been rather more discreet in his conduct towards the suffering patient . Though he might see his own pecuniary interest involved in the " enquiry , "
and his pocket might have dictated to him the necessity of retaining his commodity on the shelf without having the pay in hand or in fair prospect ; yet , had he not been infected with the epidemic of which , we have spoken , he would himself have interceded for the sufferer , and procured a substitute in the person of the "Town ' s Sargeon ; " and thus have spared the pang whioh must have torn the feelings of the poor woman on perusal of his abrupt and insulting allusion to her destitution .
We wish Miles Atkinson was a man of thought , then we might ask him to place himself , only in imagination , in the position in whioh he found this poor woman—a fellow creature—one equal with himself in tbo sight of God , though sunk in poverty and writhing in agony of pain , —what would he have felt , when soliciting aid , at being told of his exigences in terms tantamount to a declaration that want of worldly store constituted a forfeiture of sympathy , if not an actual crime I , We leave the reply to himself—if he be capable of reflection ; trusting ihat the coarse and insulting terms— " I SHALL NOT ATTEND YOU" will never more escape bis pen or lips .
We should conclude by reiterating the words , " Physician heal tnjself , " did we not know the influence [ ot the system we labour to destroy by the peaceful and firm establishment of the principles of justice , the fruit of whioh will be the antidote to that whioh now intoxicates all ranks and professions , and whioh will induce them to aim at a conformity to the golden rule— " Do ye unto othkes AS XS WOULD THAT OTHERS 8 HOCLB DO UNTO YOU . "
We are right glad to have to conclude these observations by stating that sympathy , though not found in the bosom ot Mr . Miles Atkinson , is not extinct in Burley and its vicinity . A few generoushearted individuals being aware of the situation of Mrs . Butlbr , both with respect to her fpecuniary difficulties and her physical wants , and being also informed of the treatment she had received from the person on whose oondoot we have animadverted , immediately endeavoured to heal the wound his
insult had innioted—they not only drove that unwelcome visitant , want , from her cupboard and supplied her with necessaries for the hour of nature's trial , bat took espeeoial care that a medical gentleman should be engaged who would crimson at the idea of giving utterance to tha words " I shall not attend vou . " We rejoice that such kindhearted people are ia the land , and we trust that their example will prove to be a benefit to the pelfloving Doctor .
To The People.
TO THE PEOPLE .
My Friends , —The "ides of March are come , " "but they are not gone . " The " tug of war" has begun among the lawyers . Their " jawing tackle" was set in motion this morning a little after nine o ' olook . Our u e ers " have been sworn , the Attorney-General has made his onslaught , and his " ragged regiment" of witnesses is now under review . Four witnesses have been examined , who all prove that a strike took place among the cotton districts last August , and that meetings were held at Hyde and other
placesat some of which meetings the Charter was mentioned , and at all of which meetings the people were strictly enjoined and counselled to keep the peace and to respeot property . As I happened to know all this before , and as I am given to understand that many other witnesses of exactly like character are yet to follow , I have left the case in the excellent keeping of O'Connor , Roberts , and the other counsel , together with such of my brother " conspirators " as may feel more personally interested than I do in the detail of these things , while I sit down and " report progress" to yon .
I must do the Attorney-General the justice to say that he stated the case fairly and even mildly . In his detail of faots and matter relative to the " strike" movement , there was no effort to overcharge the picture ; nor any attempt to excite and work upon the prejudices of the Jury . With one exception only , so far as I know , he s t a t ed t he faots just as they were . That exception , however , was a most material and important one . I am unwilling to believe that it was wilful , but must wait the result of the further proceedings and the evidence of the remaining witnesses before I say more about it . The doctrine of the Attorney-Genera ) , that all ( he parties
who by resolutions , placards , aud other means encouraged the people to uphold the strike , are liable for every overt act of all the parses concerned in the strike , is a most sweeping and comprehensive one ; and he finds the necessity of applying it with very -wide latitude for the sustaining of the " conspiracy" charged in the indictment . I shall have much to eay to you on thiB speech of the Attorney-General ' s , and on the matters and things referred to in it , when the trial is once over ; but until then I say uothing . that I may not furnish any hint of inbtruotion to the enemy . Had every man been as careful in this respect as I have been it might have been better for the cause . But let that pass : my time will come .
It is of course impossible to form any judgment yet how the verdiot may go , but I am told by the Lawyers that in any case sentence will not be given now , but that we must be brought up for judgment next term , which is sometime in May ; bo that I shall—other oiroumatanoes permitting—have some fnrther opportunity of working with and for you before the " rest day . " As you will find elsewhere a full report of the speech and of the other proceedings up to tomorrow night—perhaps later still—I need not occupy space with a recital of them here . I
bid yoa only , by the love you bear yourselves , jour : ohildrtn , and your countrs—whatever be tha issue , to take care that our glorious cause receive from it an accelerated movement . This conviction will well reconcile Ihe minds of all the true friends to the cup which , in the cause of liberty , may reach their lips , whatever it may be . I have great confidence that this will be so . Your energy and zeal will rise with the occasion . I was delighted with the Bpirit manifested by the Hull "lads" at my leaving them on Sunday . Our little " Bethel" was crammed full : there were more than oonld sit down
to to » , and never did I see a better spirit manifes ed —a spirit that should actuate Christians , Chartists , and Patriots—full of kindly feeling , but of virtuous resolve and of cautious discrimination . O ! that we bad but a few millions of suoh Chartists as those of Hull and North Lancashire ! Where prudence tempers boldness , and where boldneaa sustains prudence , men seldom fail . Thank God the tide of intelligence and judgment rolls on , and , as it progresses , covers the extended surface with a steady flux of the clear water of
truth , tmmingled with the mud of folly . The cleanBing progresses . The filth is being rapidly thrown out , and the dregs are draining off to the cess-pools opened for them by the factions . This is good . The people will soon be free , when they become intelligent and united . They are becoming intelligent ; this induces them to cast out knavery and folly ; this will produce union ; and union will give power to overthrow corruption , and to seat firmly the fair form of freedom upon the throne of righteousness , while they receive the blessings of abundance and enjoyment under her peaoeful sway .
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Go on and slack not . Speedy and triumphant shall be the success of your cool , peaoeful , and wise determination . I j Wm . Hill , Lancaster , Wednesday .
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j , ¦ James Jaggbb . —\ The note will stand for six years if it be made payable on demand ; and if , at the end of six years , the interest be paid and a receipt taken for it at the book of the note , it will stand for six years longer : and so on forsut years after every payment of interest . Communications Uo the Coal Miner ' s Executive must be addressed , until further notice , to David Townsend , Gawthorp , Wakefield , as D . Swallow the secretary , is now on a visit to the counties of , Durham and Northumberland .
Communications for Mr . Swallow must be sent to James Sinclair , No . 25 , High-bridge-itreet , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . All letters must be prepaid : or they will not be taken . Aberdeen . —// " Mr . Thomas Davies would write to John Smart , 154 , Gallow-gate , giving address , it would oblige . Wm . Emmbrson , Arnold . —We stated the fact a * the time of its occurrence : we know nothing further
of the fellow . ] Leicester . —The ] Committee ef Cooper ' s Defeiiee Fund appeal , to the public for increased subscriptions on his behalf . They are £ 24 in debt , exclusive of the expences oj the coming trial . J . H . Parry , London , writes to say that the announcement [ of his lecture in the Chartist Hall , Turn again-iane . in our last paper , was made without his sanction , and even without consulting him . [
Wm . Davidson , Dundee , should send his letter to the Paper in which the Jalse report teas inserted ; that is , if the affair is worth his notice at all . We should treat it as it deserves—silently . A . S . W ., Cufab Angus . — We shall reserve- his letter on Emigration . Scotch News . —We receive generally every week three or four letters from Scotland after the Papers for the North are printed and in the Post-office . I Our Correspondents should send their letters { to be here by Wednesday or Thursday morning . Some of them do not appear the week following on account of their age .
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If the Chartists j of Burton-on-Trent and Church Greaaley will ] look out for a more suitable agent they will oblige .
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The spring assizes for the northern division of the county of Lancaster , commenced at Lancaster on Saturday last . On the evening of that day , Sir Robert Monsey Rolfe , Knight , one of the barons of her majesty's Court of Exchequer , arrived in Lancaster by railway train from London , whioh reached Lancaster about ] eight o ' clock . William Garnetfc , Esq ., of Lark Hill , Salford , the high sheriff , arrived with his cortege and retinue , by special train from Manchester , about four o ' clook ; and he proceeded to the railway station to receive the lord baron on his arrival . Hia lordship proceeded at once to the castle , and opened her majesty ' s commission in the Crown Court , adjourning the court to Monday
morning at ten o clock . On Sunday morning , the learned judge , accompauied and attended by the high sheriff , the mayor , and several of the aldermen of Lancaster and other gentlemen , attended divine service at St . Mary ' B , the parish church . The sermon was preached by the Rev . Richard Parkinson , B . D . canon of Christ ' s Church , Manchester , the high sheriff ' s chaplain . The Rev . Gentleman took for his text , Matthew viii . 8 , " But be ye not called Rabbi ; for one is your master , even Christ , and all ye are brethren . The preacher adverted to the inequalities in the outward condition and circumstances of men , as one of the consequences and results of the primeval curse , and the command , that man should
earn his bread by the sweat of his brow ; and remarked , that while many of the productions of the earth , fit for ( the food of man , grew spoutaneeusly , corn , the chief article of man ' s food , demanded a large amount of human labour before it could ba raised . He then ( dwelt on the present condition of the peoplt , physical , moral , and spiritual ; and . attributed the present ; state of things in part to the lack of spiritual education , and condemned secular education as of itself unproductive of any good , but rather of mischief . He dwelt on the late riots , in connection with those views , ) and expressed his opinion that the remedy for the evil was to be found in church extension , aud with it the means of spiritual or religious instruction for the people .
CROWN COURT , MONDAY . Mr . Baron Rolfe entered the Crown Court , this morning , about five minutes after ten o ' clook ; and , as boou as he had taken his seat upon the bench , the following gentlemen were then sworn of the Grand Jury , being what is termed a full jury , every one of the twenty-three summoned answering to their names : — \ John Wilson Pattkn , Esq ., Bank Hs | ffWarrington , Foreman . T * Thomas Batty Addieon , Esq ., Preston . Lieut .-Col . John Austen , Fistiwiok .
John Bentley , Esq ., Birch House . Cornelius Bourne , Esq Stalmine Hall . Charles Brandt , Esq ., Golden Hall . Joseph Bushell , E * q , Myerscoogh Cottage . William Clayton , ttq , Lostook Hall . Thomas BrightjCrosse , Esq ., Shaw Hill . William Ashton Crosse , Esq ., Red Scar . John Cuncliffd . { Esq ., Myersoougb House . Pudsey Dawson . Esq ., Hornby Castle . . James No well Farington , Esq ., Worden Hall . Henry Master Fielden , Esq ., Witton . Abraham Rawlinaon Ford , Es = q , Ellel Hall . Thomas Robert ! Wilson France , Esq ., Rawcliffe
Hall . i John Fowden Hindle , Esq , Woodfold Park . Edmund George Hornby , E-q , Lancaster Park . Samuel Horrocks , E q ., Lark Hill , Preston . Charles R ger Jackson , Barton Lodge . William Marshall , E . q , Penwortham Lodge . Thomas Yates Parker Michaelson , Esq ., Barrow Isle . \ Robert Townley Parker , Esq ., Cuerden Hall . The Clerk of the Crown having read her Majesty ' s proclamation agaiast vice , protaneness , and immorality , the Learned Judge proceeded to deliver his charge to the Grand Jury in the following terms : — i
Gentlemen of the Grand Jury , I have perused the depositions , I believe in all the cases which ' will come before you , at least in all that I am aware of ; aud I am nappy \ to say , that it does not appear to me at present ! that there are any questions in them which may be likely to oocaaion any difficulty . From the unfortunate state of this part of the world , at least of the southern part of this county , ' and some portions of the ad joining enes , I was somewhat apprehensive that aoam oases of that nature might have occurred , which would have led to observations tram me ; but 1 am very happy to say , that , on looking through the uepositions , it does not appear that tttere is auy case , arising out of the disturbances of last summer ; and though there are a good many
oases , yet I believe there are not more than at former asszes . " His Lordship said he had looked through the depositions in one case ; but be found , on inquiry of the officer , what hia had supposed would be tne case , that tfle bill ia that oase had been already found , — being a oase of murder committed some years ago ; and therefore it would not oome before the Grand J ury for inquiry . His Lordship then adverted to the indictment against a woman for concealing . th . 9 birth of her illegitimate child . There was no charge of murder , the child being a ill-born ; but the indictment was for a misdemeanour in concealing the birth , by secretl y burying the bodyior otherwise deposing oi' it . The doubt he had was , from finding that a number of persons were privy co the burial ; viz . the sister of
the party , the supposed father of the child himself , a neighbour , and the sexton ; but , if there was any re * presentation of the body as being different from what it really was , so as to make it a secret disposal , with the view of concealing the birth , then the case would come within the purview of the statute . In another case , in an indictment tor burglary , there might - be doubt whether the tacts would warrant the jury ia finding the bill ; for it appeared doubtful , whe t her the place was a dwelling-house at all or not . It was not necessary to coustituie the offence , that the master himsolf should dwell there ; i f any portion of his family or serrantsidid , that was sufficient . Nor was it necessary that they should be actually sleeping in the house at the ! time , if they did usually live and sleep there . If it should prove that the place entered was detached from the dwelling-house , then the charge of burglary could not be sustained . He thought it was likely , however , that it would turn eat
to be a part ot the dwelling- house * and that this had been accidentally omitted in the depositions . His lordship also adverted to a oase of alleged manslaughter , inj which tbe deceased and another man had been fighting , in a state of intoxication ; and shortly afterwards tue deceased was found killed , a cart baring run over him . If thiswas ^ caused by accident , it could not be called manslaughter ; but the question wpuJd be , whether the cart running over him and killing him was a necessary consequence of his antagonist striking him , and knocking Dim down . If the immediate cause of death was only post hoe and not proptefhoo , then it would be accidental ; but , under the circumstances , the coroner ' s jury had done quite right in returning a verdict of manslaughter . If auy difficulty Bhould present itself to the minds of ttie jury , he would thank them to mention it to him ; but , having looked through tbe depositions , he found the other oases were of so ordi-
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nary a nature , that he felt he should only be wasting the time of the jury and that of the public , by lon ger detaining the grand jury from their duties . The grand jury , then retired to their room , and the common jurors were called . Several claimed exemption ; oue because he was not qualified by rental or property ; another , because above age ; and a third , because a member of the town council of a municipal borough . In all these oases the parties were exempted . The first case tried was a man named Edw ard
Darlington , aged 60 years , for stealing a quantity of hay at Skerton , near Lancaster . The jury found the prisoner guilty , and he was sentenced to two months imprisonment to hard labour . John NPKoun O'Neil , 40 , and John Bratihwaife 16 , were indicted for having stolen , at Hornby , fifty six ewes and one ram , the property of Henry Morphet . The jury found both prisoners guilty , and . tha Learned Judge sentenced O'Neil to fifteen years transportation , and Braithwaite to three months ' imprisonment .
James Kay , 26 , and William Almond , 18 , were indicted for stealing from James Ardray , ou the highway near Blackburn , a quantity of bread and cheese , and a book . The Jury found Eay guilty of an assault only , and acquitted Almond ! The Learned Judge said , as Eay had been confined some time ( nearly six months ) , he would take his own recognizance in £ 50 to keep the peace for three years . George Tufnbull , 38 , pleaded guilty to an indict , ment for bigamy , and put in a statement , apparently in palliation , that his first wife had been unfaithful The Learned Judge said it was no palliation fo : an injury done to tbe seoond wife , that the first had ill-treated the prisoner ; and sentenced him to eight months' imprisonment to hard labour .
John Ingham , 29 , was indicted for a burglary ia the house of Mr . William Collinson , farmer at Clayton-le-Dale , near Blackburn , on the night of ths 7 th October . It appeared that three men entered the house and the bedroom of tbe prosecutor , all of them armed , the prisoner with a pistol in each hand and the other two with swords , and demanded his money . They stole £ 3 15 s . and some other articles . It appeared that they had forced the front door open with a crow-bar . The prisoner threatened to blotf oufc the brains of Catharine Collinson ( the prosecutor ' s daughter ) , if she did not get out of bed . The prisoner afterwards used the same threat to the
pro secutor , and said they were come for money , and money they would have . The prosecutor identified the prisoner as the man who hai the pistols ; he had a candle in his hand ; and witness had known him as residing in the neighbourhood , for a period of twenty years . The prisoner called witnesses to prove an alibi ; but they failed to do so , till just afc the close of the trial a woman , who had lived with the prisoner as his wife , swore positivel y to his having been with her during the whole of the . night in question . The Jury , to the great surprise of almost every one present , acquitted the prisoner . Tbe Court then rose .
TUESDAY , February 28 th . The Court was occupied till after twelve o ' clock with a cape , the details of which are unfit for publication . The next was a mint case of no interest . Another mint case followed . James Ainsworth , 30 , and Willi am Thompsont 2 l , were indicted for a burglarious entering of the house . of Thomas Land , grocer , at Prettyfoot Bridge , ia WillBhire , near Blackburn , On the night of the 30 th of August last ; and also with assaulting Lund , with intent to murder him . The prosecutor , hearing a noise in his house , got up and struck alight , and found both prisoners ia the room ; Ainswortb . wear * ing a light , and Thompson a dark or black mask , and armed with pistols , which they snapped repeatedly at him , but which fortunately on every occasion missed fire . The prosecutor , with great
courage and gallantry , seized both men ; and one struck him with suoh force on the mouth as to loosen two teeth ; and they dragged him towards the window of another room , got loose , and escaped through it . The alarm was given ; several neighbours joined in the pursuit ; the burglars were tracked to a neighbouring nursery-ground or plantation ; and when a sufficient force had assembled to surround the plantation , the prisoners were apprehended in it . The prosecutor , in the struggle , not only wrested the pistols from both men , but had torn thebJack mask off Thompson ' s face ; asd when the prisoners were taken , Ainsworth was seen to remove some black cotton , which corresponded with that on the mask from the face of Thompson . One of the men had left a cap behind him in the house , and Thompson was without cap when apprehended .
The prisoners , in d e fenc e , said they were oat poaching in the nursery . The Jury found them both Guilty , and the Learned Judge said that this was still a capital offence . Had there been anything like serious injury to the prosecutor , he should have left them for execution . Fortunately they had fallen in with one who had resolution and nerve enough to resist them . Sentence of death would be recorded against them , and the remainder of their days would be passed in working as slaves in a foreign land . He should recommend commutation of their punishment into transportation for life , Joseph Abbott , alias Joseph Yorke , 33 , was indicted tor the wilful murder of Thomas Isherwood , at Blackburn , on the 20 th of December , 1839 , by shooting him with a gun .
Dr . Brown stated the case for ma prosecution . On the night in question , the deceased and two other keepers , and an assistant , were watching game . They heard the firing of guns , and found four persons , who attacked them , and dared them to follow . Three of the poachers had dark jackets ; and the fourth—the prisoner—wore light clothes . The prisoner's hand did not fire the gua ; but , by the law , he was equally liable . The prisoner ' s gua went off , as the keeper believed , accidentally ; and , shortly afterwards , another gun was fired , whioh caused the deceased's death . One material witness was one of the poachers , who was at . first cha rg ed with tbe murder , whose evidence was to be taken with great caution .
The Learned Gentleman called Robert Suttos , who at the time waa game keeper to Mr . Hargreave 3 of Broad Oak , near Blackburn , and was out on the night in question , with Thomas and Henry Iaoerwood , keepers to Wm . Henry Hornby , Esq ., of . Blackburn , and a third named Henry Eddlesfon . They were On the land of Henry Peters , Esq ., of Dunkenhalgh ; and about one o ' clock on the morning of the 21 st December , 1839 , they heard four reports of a gun , or guns , and set off iu the direction of the reports . Two of the keepers , « Romas Isherwood and the witness , had guns ; and they met four men in a gap , and one ? of them knocked witness down , before he perceived them . Three of the poachers presented the guns at the other keepers and swore
they would shoot them , if they did not " stand back . Three had dark clothes , and the fourth had a lig ht jacket on . After presenting their guns , they mada away together . The keepers and witness agreed to follow them ; and the poachers , on finding themselves p ursued , turned round and swore if the keepers did not go back , they would shoot them . Toe matt in the light coloured coat stood at witness ' s side , and swore he would shoot him . The poachers went on then , and Henry Eddleston ( who is since dead ) went away for more assistance . TJie keepers still pursued the poachers across some meadows and a road ; and , as the poachers w . ere getting over a gate , T . Isherwood c / tc * erf ( snatched ) atone of their guns . The poachers got over the gateand the keepers
fol-, lowed them into a stubble field , on going np which some of the poachers threw a stone , and again threatened to shoot the keepers if they did not go back . After going a few roods further , the poachers turned round , and all four came close up to the keepers : one came to witness to strike him with hia gun *; another to Henry Isherwood , and two to Thomas Isberwood . The man struck at witness with the butt end of his gun , but witness broke the blow with his gun . ' Witness noticed that it was the man in the light coloured coat ; inthe Btraggle h » gun went off . as appeared to witness accidentally ,
and the shot lodged in the ground . Shortly afterwards , a gun went off , and Thomas Isherw ood cried out . Witness at this time had hold of the mania the light-coloured coat , and , on hearing the cry , be looked at Thorna * Isherwood , who was about fifteen yards off , and his coat was on fire . Two men were close to him at the time . Witness left loose of tha poacher , and went up to Thomas Isherwood , aoa the four poachers all ran off . Isherwood said , m their hearing , " Oh , dear , youv ' e shot my arm off . The other keepers took Isherwood home , » nd na expired in about an hour and a half . The place where he was shot was on the land of which Mr .
Hornby had the shooting over . . Adam Mercer , one of the poachers , identifieatjw prisoner as one of the party , and corroborat ed tne evidence of the first witness . The poachera snot three pheasants , which one of the party , ° ainW Crossley , took with him . This witness statedv that the prisoner Abbott being knocked down , he criea out , " Lads , will you see me killed ! " on whico Crossley fired his gun , and shot the deceased . Henry Isherwood , brother of the d eceased , ate * corroborated the testimony already adduced .
It appeared from the statements of Mercer , tha * after the party returned to Blackburn , they went tt Manchester , Preston , and other places , to keep outoi the way of the police . Mercer , however , gave bin « tt up in the course of the following week . A second was taken into custody some time after , tried at the law asaizaa , and acquitted . Crowiey -was traced to Amertes . and ia since dead . The prisoner Abbott waa taJtea into custody at Blackburn only a few week * ago . Mr . Whigham addressed the Jury for the def ^ of * contending that there was no evidenoe to « ho * w »« «• prisoner Bhared in any common purpbsa withCrossiej to do this iDjary to the deceased . That it wm the aw of the latter alone , and one for which the prisoner cou « not be jointly liable . His-Lordship having summed up , ^ . The Jury , after a few minutes' consultation , rewrnw a verdict of Not Guilty .
The Js T Oetheen Stab,. Saturday, Masch 4, Isis.
THE jS t OETHEEN STAB ,. SATURDAY , MASCH 4 , ISiS .
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"THE HOUSL" VOTING THAT IT WILL NOT MAKE THE NE W PO O R LAW CONFORMABLE TO CHRISTIANITY ! Mb . Waiter has moved his series of Resolutions , founded on the SECRET document ; and " the House" has rejected them ! He has proved that the object of the concocters and promoters of the New Poor Law was to starve the poor ; and he called upon '¦* the House" to rescue the Poor from the hands of the starvers ; and M the House " REFUSED J
A copions Report of the Debate on the occasion will be found in our present sheet . We have given more particularly the speeches of Mr ; Walter and Mr . Febhakd , the mover and seconder of the resolutions . They will be read with deep interest , containing , as they do , evidence most irrefragable , that the operation of the New Poor Law , \ b just what its authors intended it to be . Tae revealments made to " the House" by Mr . Fkrband , respecting the conduct of the ** Guardians " in t he Skipton Union , in consigning the
poor inmates of the Skipton Workhouse , idiots and all , to the " tender mercies" of Seed and Co ., at Addiugham , for the purpose of reducing the wages of ihe regular "hands , " are eminently instructive ; and the indignant exposure of the practices of this same Seed and Co ., by the Factoht Isspectob , speaks volumes as to the humane and forbearing character of the *• masters" to whom the Skipton * Guardians" consigned the helpless poor ! Bat it mattered not that these revealments were
made 1 It mattered not that evidence was given that the operation of the law was to deal out death on every hand . It mattered not that it was proved that the intentions of its authors were to starve the poor ; it mattered not that these things were shewn : " the House" rejected the Resolutions , which , if passed , would have bound it to have reconstructed the Poor Law , and made it " conformable with CffRisriAinTT and sacred policy " . ' "The House " voted that it would not again open the question , and legislate in this spirit i
Never mind ! The law is doomed ! The blow has been struck ! The discovery and exposure of the Secret Recommendation to starve the poor have done their work out of doors . Tbe feelings of indignation and disgust they have excited will Bpirit-up the opposition within doors . Thiy will bind themselves together in a firmer bond than ever . Should the Government determine on introducing and carrying the measure again in its present stage , they will obstruct their progress t Last year by suoh means were the Government defeated : this year , they will be more likely to have it warm and hot I Again we say . the law of death ia doomed . '
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North Lancashire Assizes.
NORTH LANCASHIRE ASSIZES .
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4 __ TjHE NORTHERN STAR .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 4, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct984/page/4/
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