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SEn^mal ^arltatjwnt. r •—*— ¦ » . "
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TO IIEASBR3 & 0dB,RE3P6»rDEEIT^.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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A SPLENDID P 0 MBAIT ' ¦ ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦"•••¦ . OF . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦" / ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ "¦ ¦ RICHARD OASTLER Esq ¦ mxM A STEEL ENGRAVING , Will be presented to every Yorkshire Purchaser , of the NORTHEBN S'Z'AS of the 31 st March , and to those of Scotland , Lancashire , and Newcastle , of the 7 th . April ; He is the Father of the Poor , the Defender of the Oppressed , and the Dread ofthe Tyrant .
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- ,-. ' . HOUSE OF LORDS . ¦ THtTESDAT , Makch 8 . " 1 * rt STANHOPE presented a petition from Hudier * fidd , ¦ tearing 1 <* Bvore effectual protection tinder the Ten Hours ' yitcBTBiB ; mlao » petidon&x > m » parishi « the West Riaing < if tY « toldie , pj » TiM for » Repeal of the Poor Law . . im STAKHOPSgare nobee that he would , on Thursday ¦ & £ xt , submit axac&m to their Lordships on a subject which htf badlKOlight before the House last session of ParliamentxaftjSjv ^ J&B ^ operation of the Ketr Poor Law . It might be ¦ conteBMW-iornimtosUte to their Lordnhips , notonly the - rneral xrarportof ids motion , 1 ml the precise terms of it . - Be jiwald thea more for "A statement of the petitions preseated to Psufiameiii during the last session , oa the subject of thB New Po « r Law BIO , specifying the nxaabew , and the description of persons from whom they proceeded- —whether T * te-payers , guardians or others , and whether agreed to at
public meetings ox not . " He ihould think it S 3 dnty to pre&tee 1 m mono * with some observations , and he therefore mm moved that their Lordshi ps be summoned for thit day . LardWYKPORD inquired wWher her Majesty ' s Ministers "haZ . taken * ny steps to obtain , for the destitute soldiers of the 43 p * nish Liegioa the justice which was dne to them ? Yhsaaxaa . MELBOURNE saia , that her Majestr ' s Government baa made incessant applications to the Spanish Government to obtain for those men what was dne to them , according to their engagement . But they all knew the difficulty trader . which that Government laboured- They ¦ fere in sa extraordinary arrear . Their whole military operalicacn -were mpjfed for want of pay . It was , therefore , no -wander that some delay had taken place in the settlement of these claims . Bat he could assure the NoUe -and Learned Lard that no exertion should be wanted on the part of her
Majesty ' s Goremment to procnre a final settlement . of these 'ClaoBS . ~ The Margxds of LANSDOWXEthen , in a reryshort speech , a * short as the bill itself , moved the order of the day vat the aeoond reading of the Parliamentary Sectors and Freemen's . BUI ; one object of the bin was , be stated , to extend the time Sat the payment of those rates aad taxes to the 11 th dav af October m ejxh year . The other object of the bill was to to > remove the stamp Jnty payable by * freemen on their sdmisnozx . The Duke of WELLINGTON opposed flie motion . He ¦« a * convinced that the measure could be productive of no good , that its adoption would only encouraite further demands lar * other changes in the existing law , and therefore Tagged leare to move , a » an amendment , that the bill be read a second time that day six months . After a short discussion , the House divided , and the numbers
were—Xot-Conteut Present 67 Proxies 50—147 Content Present 45 Proxies , 37—82 Majority against the Bill . 65 MONDAY , March = 12 . Various Noble Lords presented many petitions on different subjects . - After niich , fiw BISHOP OF EXETER presented a petition , from the New Poor Law Guardians of . the Dudley Union . The- events out of which the petition arose were these : —Spme time ago , a dietary table was agreed to for the Doaiej Unisn , which , from the first , gave great dis $ atis £ ictWn to many of the petitioners , they being perfectlv aware that , from the nature of the employment around Dudley , it was impossible that those wbo were temporarily , compelled to Te # ort to the workhouse , in consequence of a cassation of empknrmrnt , would be able to resorae their severe labour after
taring been dieted according to the proposed table . They ieh , indeed , that the diet prescribed by the commissioners was not snffirirat adequately to unsfoifi human beings . It happened that , a short time afterwards , the guardians became acquainted with die dietary of the City of London Union ; and they { bund that dietary « o much more considerable than the dietary prescribed for the Dudley Union , that they , without . hesitation , adopted it . They announced their resolution to the coramisdoners , who , in consequence , checked and rebuked them for having adopted that diet table without having comma&kated with them , in the first instance , before they took such * step-, telling them , at the same time , that the London table had only been allowed for a short period , and under particular drramstanees . The guardians , however , still persisted a adhering to the alteration , declaring that the ? would endeavour to secure to the goor a more fitting dset than that proprtsed by the commissioners . Being aware , from their local knowledge , that . the diet table sanctioned bv the mm
. nusooners aid not afford a proper support for the inmates of Thar workhouse , they persevered in giving to their paupers the diet allowedin the City of London Union . In answer , the eommissicners told them that the master and matron of the workhouse had no right to act in disobedience of their positive orders , even though they had ths sanction' of the board of S nartfcro * . and that , if thev persisted , such measures would be adopted as would show them , that even though the master SBdtnatrcm pleaded the orders of the guardians , it would not protect thpm , and they should be -made to answer for th-ir disobedience . ^ Under these circumstances , the cnardiansof the Undley Union prayed their Lordships to muke such an alteration in the law as would enable them to do what they thought their duty to God and their duty to man required in giving to the inmates of their workhouse a wholesome and sufficient dietary . They say—• ' Your petitioner * , therefore confer themselves imperativel y called upon , in dischanre of
mar emr to tnose or wnose interest thev are the lawfully appointed Kuardiaus , to petition your right honourable Hous » - and they do implore your right honourable House to make " * uch alteration m the present law as may ensbls flwn to fulfil the trust vrhich k reposed in them in a way satii&ctorr to their consciences , and , agreeable to the dictates t > f religion and humanity ; and so to abrogate or abrid ge the extraordinary powers v * sted m the Poor Law Commissioners as to « ve to the diaerent boards of guardians ihrouehout the kingdom who , living amongst the people , are nnquestionaHv the best judges of thai wants , liberty to provide for file poor i * their respective districts in such manner as thev may consiuar . in their oiscxefioii , to be fit and proper .- ' This ne ' tition ( continued the Right Rev . Prelate ) VaHieBeu ^ v * S £ . eigct gnardians . The names of the three «^ i , bard-ais were appjenaed to it ; but the names of two , appointed bv the comimssioneTs , did not appear . "
The Earl of RADNOR denounced the praver of the Detiturners as wholly and entirely groundless . ' - . r ~ Lords Broughjwi and MELBorfixz , and the Duke of BlCHMOM ) , endeavoured to set np a general defence for the Poor Law Act . indepaauent of the merits of the petition-Karl i ? TASaO ? £ replied most ablv and eaecnvely de--eHring flie Guardians to be no Guardians , but mere tools in the hands of the ConimisiiBneis . In repiy to what had fallen from the > oble Duke , he observed that he had not attended the meetings of Guardians . Heaven forbid that he should ' He would not , by his presence , recognirs the illegal andunconl stituoonal poweT of the Poor Law Commissioners . He would * eno party to their proceedings . ( Hear . ) As to what th ° A oble Date had said with regard to eomjlaints , he besrtred to xaSsna bssa that one of the most respectable and-Humane euardians of thatunion in which he ( Earl Stanhope ) resided ¦ was so dagnsted with the conduct of the other iruardians anfl wita
¦ tne cruelty iad inhumanity of the law , that he refused My longer to art . ( Hear . ) He would , on a future occasion , feraish the Noble Dnke and the House with more facts , but hewould just meanon the case of a iamily who , from the refusal of any relief m addition to the scanty earaW of a Jabouraig man , were now perishing by disease , wodiltted , M an enunent jihyEnan well known to the NoHe Lord had assured him , bvtsold and hunger . Such iacts must speak trumjet-tongued to the pecpleof this country . ( Hear . } With -respect to what the Noble Duke had said about bis beinjr in ¦ eorrespondence with persons who were calling on the pecmle to resist the Poor Law Amendment Act , he wSuld sav that V iad tne happiness ana honour to be in frequent an ' d almost tlaily communication with a great number of peraons-who were engaged zealousl y- and patriotically in resisting or -opposing , but by legal and constitutional means , thatlnost diabohcalst ^ ute ; but he aenied . raid he believed it could not taken
haye pbe without coming to his knowled ge , that any tand-bifls had been earned about calling on the people or anyportionof the people , of tKs counnr , to a violent ' and &rcffileaKi 8 tancetotheiiw . ( Hear . hw . ) No man felt , or « onia feel , a greater detestation of that law thaa he did . iut be had often solemnly conjured the people of this coontrV in -tetters , m puMieaGons , and in speeches , to persevere as lone * s they come in a legal and constitutional mode of proeeedini to procure tae alteration of fids aisgal and unconstitationS aneasure . ( Hear . ) l ^ e Bishop of JSXETER wished now to make { a few observations , and said he would strictly confine them t » what had Men irom the Noble Eari who WtWhTfit to s ^ v irhathe believpd no other person in that HouiTwould savtharthecomplamt on the part of the petitioners was Kround-W They ^ ted that- & diet tablT which th ^ fflJt aside for tbe adoption of the London table was not : snffiewit for the one sustenance of the very laborious persons for whom at was intended . He would calf to the reelection of flS
i-ordships one pomt , that those persons , who were exposed to tne neat of forges , and who underwent labour and fatijrne of necessity mucE greater than any endured by agricultural ^ ° ^ Tt ^ 1 a 3 l 0 Trea V that &et te-bk ffr halfSe week 1 , 1 b . of bread , less than a traarter of apound of cheese aao one pmt ana a halT of gruel per dav . -Would thp S . ftg iw' A - \ ln : man ^« ng , saj in the fa ' ce of that stat ^ m-nt , that those honnnrable men , the Guardians of the Dudlev ^ K . n , had made a groundless and frivolous conmW because they though t £ at such a dietarr was unequal w t ^ ^ oper sustenance of the poor committed to thcL- char-7 ^ Wnat ! was that the scale of living to b * laid down f . r ^ k . ^ persons , ^ nd were they then to be told bvtheNoMe Eari who wa . revelungm wealth , who enjayed great riches , 3 nd J ^ o J !?^ ^ ° rae ? V ^ " ^ mcst noble fo « on ^ which h ^ d -aescenfipd from one . of the tarfent aristocracy of E .-Auiawere & ?? to be told by such a man , forsooth , that tuis w ^ a groundless comulamt ? fHfiar . n « , r ^ w ^ I ^™ rr \ . ., ?
. fiiat labouring men who were accustomed to earri their bread T ^ the sweat of &ea brow , a more than the ordinary sensT marking and tonrnjas iher did , before heat issSSnS -farx » eM , » taskwlnchiione of £ heir LorushSTSt eveVS ^ strongest of them , woutt be able to enSoTa ^ g ^ S ? anight only to have such a sustenance given to themts wouH neither support them * ien in health , nor preserve their health ^ until the season of employment returned , and that to com plain that no better sustenance was afforded to them was a groundless complaint ? Was it to be said that less than a quarter of a pound of cheese per day was sufficient to ket-p gp the strength of labouring men such as Tie had described ? lhB petition had been put into his hands because he w * i ratner
peculiailv connected with the district whence the petition came , having the honour to be a trustee of the greatest propert y m that nei ghbourhood , on which the greatest F ™ ** of workmen were employed ; and he was proud to ^ V ^^ v ** ! ^ !* & £ «¦ , who h * l carieaZon lum to bnngthMconiplamt forward . ( Hear . ) ThelabouVof ^ te coalmmers was not greater Jhan that performed by the SS 2 SSJ'S « fc ? i ^? - BeWkli ; ^ yNobteLordwhSwas a ^ ASSasafecffiirsS'js ' Si ^?*^ 5 and food that the markets could procure rHear f ^^ The petition was laid on th ^ iible . '
On the jrofeon of fi » Duke or RICHMOND , the Wafermens Act Bfflwasicaaaaird . time and pased ; and ti ^ iiordshme aqouzned at a ' qnarter to ssven o ' clock . '
TUESDAY , Mabch 13 . _ After a long talk about Yeomanry Cavalry , the Negro Slavery Abohtiaa Amendment Bill was read a second time and ordered to be committed on Thursday , SI which day their lorusimsadjotinied . "
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HOUSE OF COMMONS . THURSDAY , March 8 . ^ tytm ^ i ^ ^ * ^ The House adjourned ¦ HUDAY , March 9 . aSiJfaSSSSigi ?* •** £ heoaQa ^ _ ELECTION COMMITTEES . saS ^ tHSKSg ^ sg mas oiserredonESectionCo ^ inSefSml . ^ """ S ^ - aadim diyisiansof tint House , ofSSi ^?^ ! ' 5 ^ £ TOted , it would be attended £ te goodeS ? meml > ers "
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The SPEAKER said , if the question was asked of him , he was bound to say that he should not feel authorized is making any such regulation ia Ore Hon . Member suggested . He must decline to interfere without the sanction of the Honse . 1 'w ' Mr . HUME then fare notice that he would ¥ rmg the subject under the consideration of the House on Tuesday next . .. - ¦ - . J - A great nronber of petitions were presented on various subjects . . "" . ' , ¦ - - ' . ¦ fit answer toa _ gne « tionfrom Mr . C . Lushlngton , Sir W . MOLESWORTH saia , he certainly had publicly stated , that the Australian Emigration Company had sent out to that colony women of bad character ; and , from the information he . was in possession of , he did not feel called upon to retract the charge . " In answer to a question from Sir R . Inglis , Sr G . GREY said , it was the intention of Government , in a few days , to lay before the House additional papers relating to the affaire of Canada . : After a short discussion , the Copyhold Enfranchisement Bill , the Copyhold Improvement Bill , and the Manorial Boundaries Bui , were severally read a second time , and ordered to be referred to select . committees . .
Lord J . RUSSELL moved , that the House , at ita rising , do adjourn until Monday next—Agreed to . ' -....
MONDAY , Makch 12 . Mr . HUME moved— " That the appointment of the Hon . Mr . Primrose to the office of Cashier and Receiver-General of the Post-office Revenues in Scotland , being a person not previously employed in the Post-office department , is contrary to the regulations of the Post-office , as established by the Duke of Richmond , the Postmaster-General , in 1831 , injurious to the public service , and prejudicial to the interests ofthe established clerks and -officers in the Post-office department . On a division , the numbers w . ere—For the motion ...................... 29 Againstit 202 Majority against the motion —^ 173
Colonel SIBTHORPB'S motion for a reduction of the Fire Insurance Duty was lost , by a majority of 75 . The House went into a Committee of Supply , and Lord HO WICK brought the Army Estimates under the consideration of the House , and concluded a long speech of detail , bymoving for the raising of 89 , 305 men . Mr . HCME met the motion by a counter speech of detail , and moved , that 10 , 000 men be taken off the vote . On a division there appeared—For the amendment 11 Against It 121 Majority ... -110
The resolution was then agreed to , as . were also resolutions for ths following grants : — - . £ 3 , 252 , 692 for ^ the charge of her Majesty ' s land forces for servicB at home and abroad ( exclusive of India ) , from the 1 st of April , 183 S , to the 31 st of March , 1839 . - £ i _ 51 , 884 for the general staff-officers and officers of the hospitals serving with her Majesty ' s forces at home and abroad ( exclusive of India ) , and of her Majesty ' s Garrison of the Tower of London , from the 1 st of April , 1836 , to the 31 stof March , lS 39 . - ¦ . ¦ - ' . £ 57 , 000 for allowances to the principal officers of several public departments , from the 1 st of April , 1838 , to the 31 st of March , 1 S 39 . . £ 15 , 803 for the Royal Military Asylum and the Hibernian Military ? chool , from the 1 st of April , 1838 , to the 31 st of March , 18 S 9 . ^ 15 , 9 S 1 for rewards for distinguished military service , from the 1 st of April , 1 S 3 S , to the 31 st of Mwch , 1 S 3 § . '
^ 103 , 000 for the pay of general officers in her Majesty ' s forces , not being colonels of regiments , from the 1 st ofAnril 1833 , to the 31 st of March , 1839 . ¦ * - ' ^ 60 , 000 for full pay for reduced and retired officers of her Majesty's forces , from the 1 st of AprD , 1 S 38 , to the 31 st of March , 1 S 39 . . £ " 529 , 000 for the half-pay and military sllowances to reduced and retired officers of her Majesty ' s forces , from the 1 st of April , 1 S 3 S , to the 31 st of March , 1839 . ^ 69 , 500 for half-pay and reduced allowances to officers of disbanded foreign corps , of pensions to wounded foreign officers , and of allowances to the widows and children of deceased foreign officers , from the 1 st of April , 1 S 3 S , to the 31 st of March , 1839 . -f 148 , 550 for pensions to be paid to widows and officers of the land forces , from the 1 st of April , 1838 , to the 31 st of March , 1839 .
-tf" 139 , PO 3 for allowances on the compassionate list , 4 c from the 1 st of April , 183 S , to the 31 st of March , 1839 . ' ' -i-1 , 310 , 474 for Chelsea and Kumainham Hospitals 4 c from the 1 st of April , 1 S 38 , to the olst of March , 183 U . - £ " 44 , 000 for allowances , compensations , and emoluments , in the nature of superannuation , or retired allowances , to persons formerly belonging to several public departments from the 1 st of April , 1838 , to the 3 Ut of March , 1 S 39 . ' - £ ¦ 10 , 000 upon account of the maintenance , clothing , and other expenses of the proviswnal force which has been maintained at the Cape of Good Hope for the temporary service of her Majesty , from the 1 st of April , 1 S 3 S , to the 31 st of March , 1 S 39-The CHAIRMAN then sported process , and obtained 1 , -ave to sit again on Wednesday . The Hiuse aJjourned at a quarter to tweVre o ' clock .
TUESDAY , March 13 . A variety of petitions were presented . Committees were appointed on the Carlow and Walsall Election Petitions Then came a long talk about the affairs of Spain , in which the merits of . th .- "Legion" were discussed , right violently by Eundrv Gallant Officers . .- ' * Mr . WOOLFE ( Attorney-General for Ireland ) obtained leave to bring in a Bill to amend the mode KeglsterinK Votes in Ireland . Mr . Sereeant _ JACKSON moved , pursuant to the notice which he had given , for copies of all corrfspondence which hi 3 taken place between the Irish government and the eovernnrs or officers ofthe Belfast Lunstic Asvlum , respectinz the case of Robert Breakey , sent to diat asylum , by order of the Lord lieutenant of Ireland , from the gao ' l of the county of Down , in April , 1836 ; together . with coniea of all
resolntinnof the said governors , touching that case , transmitted to the Irish Government- His reason for making the motion was that a practice had obtained in Ireland , which ' was -. Tarranted by no law , fi . r the executive government to interfere with other lunatics tinn those over which powers were civen to them _ by the Act 2 and 3 Geo . IV ., c . 33 . The indi ^ idu : il in question had been ordered into a lunatic asvluui ; he wus not actually insane at the time when he was admitted , and , although this fact was represented by the medical officers of the asylum to the executive government , y et months passed over without any reply being given . At last an order was given for hi * release , but the iiafortunate man , in the interim from _ the excitt-nient which he underwent , waa seiaed with mania , and died in the lunatic aiivlcm .
The Dissenters' Declaration Bui wwit throuch a Committee . The other orders of the day were then disposed of and the House adjourned at a quarter past one o ' clock . WEDNESDAY , Makch 17 . Mr . W . H . MAITLE ivas declared dulv elected for . Carlow . Petitions ivere presented on various sabjerts . After n ^ ood deal of talk about matters of no public interest , the House was counted out , there being out of the 658 , only 24 present
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- Q : - YORKSHIRE LENT ASSIZES . ( Continued from our seventh page . ) » CROWN ' COUET , Wednesday , Mauch 14 . Before Mr . Justice Coleridge . James Tickles , , and Soloinon Crabfree , , ¦ were charged with having , on the 26 th November , at Southowram , feloniously hroten into and entered the dwelling-house of Samnel Holdsirorth . Mr . Cottixgham and Mr . Stan'sfield were for the prosecution ; the pr isoners were defended bv Sir G . Lewix and the Hon . J . S . Wortley . * The case for the prosecution was as follows : —On the night of the 26 th November , Mr . Holdsworth and his family retired to rest about half-past ten o ' clock . Some of them being up at an early hour next moraing , it was found that the house had been broken into , and several silver spoons , a silver pint
, jug , and other plate , together with a leg of mutton ^ were stolen . On the following evening , about seven o ' clock , the prisoners and a man named Norcliffe were at the Hope and Anchor public-house , atHuddersfield , Pickres having a handle with him . They gave the servant some mutton chops to cook for them there . Suspicion was excited in the mind of a watchman , who mentioned it to Mr . Mills , the captain of the watch , and in half an hour afterwards it was found that all the prisoners had left the house except Crabtree , who was" found in an adjoining room , with a bundle near him , in which the silver pint , jug , spoons , and other articles , -s-ere found . Those articles were identified by the servant of the prosecutor , as those taken from the house .
For the defence , Sir G . Lewin called a witness named Shaw , who swore that the prisoner Pickles slept at home every night in November , and particularly recollected that he did so on the 26 th of that month , when he set off on the following moraine forHuddersfield . b Mr . John Firth , who had employed this prisoner sometimes as a gardener , gave him a good character for honesty . Mr . Yrazer , constable of Halifax , stated that he never previously knew anything against Crabtree . -The Jury retired , and after an absence of half an hour , returned a vejrdict of Guilty , pickles was sentenced to fifteen years and Crabtree to ten years ' transportation .
CUTTING AXD MAIMING A . T LEEDS . - John Batley , 21 , -was charged with having , on the 11 th of November last , maliciously stabbed "William Young , of Leeds , with intent to do him some grievous Bodily harm . Mr . BilKES condncted the prosecution ; the prisoner , was defended by Sir G . Lewix . It appears that on the night of the 11 th November the prosecutor , -who is a journeyman dver in the establishment of Messrs . Refiifand Co ., * of Leeds and another workman , were in the Beckett ' s Arms ' Inn , on Kirkstall Road , where they remained in the company until half-past eleven o ' clock . "When Young and his companions had proceeded about
200 yards towards Leeds , they met the prisoner and his father . The former aimed a blow at Pindar which he -warded off , and quietly walked on ; immediately afterwards , the prisoner struck Young with a sharp instrument , which wounded him in the side . He then snatched the prosecutor ' s hat , with which he and his father ran off . Young ' s friends pursued them to their house , which is near the Beckett ' s Arms ; and ^ fter a short rime the prisoner came , having disgn ' sed himself in a great coat . The father was called , -who deposed that the four men struck the prisoner first . The Jury found the prisoner Not Gniltv . . . r -
ROBBERY AT BRIGHOTJSE . Joseph Ratclife , 19 , and James Brown , 19 , were charged with having on the 19 th January last , at Brighouse , broke and entered the dwelling-house of Mr . "William / Walker , at Brighouse , and stole two hams therefrom . The facts of the case were these ; about two o ' clock in the morning in ques-
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tion , the prosecutors , [ who slept in the chamber ; of the house , was awt » ke by a Boise and found Bair cliffewith a lighted candle in the house ; he ran away , she pursued him , and wlien she got to the ront door , she saw Brown , who also escaped . Informatioa was immediately given to the constable , and oh the prisoner being apprehended j Brown said , " never mind , they can nobut transportus . "—Guilty To be each Transported 15 years . ; » -i - — - ' ' ^ ¦¦ ^¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ I , III , W
ROBBERY AT PTJDSEY . : William Wilcoc fr , 18 , was charged with having , on the 19 th Feb . last , at Pudsey , feloniously entered the dwelling-house of Mr . Samuel Dufton , and stole therefrom 300 bobbins , and a quantity of yarn . " ... ¦• ' . ¦' . ; ; ¦ ¦• ¦ ' - . ¦ - : ¦ ;¦ -. ¦ : ¦ . - ¦ ' - . ¦ ¦ , - . : ' :.: ¦ -. .. ; Mr . Baikes appeared for the prosecutor ; the prisoner was undefended . On the evening of the 19 th of February , the prosecutor and his 'brother left the house locked up ; on their jreturn they found the prisoner in the chamber ; and his footsteps-vrere traced in the snow , to an unoccupied house , where he had taken a sack which contained the bobbins of
yarn . He w as immediately apprehended—Guilty ; but recommended to mercy on account of his youth and previous good character . To be imprisoned and kept to hard labour one year in the House of Correctioa , at Wakefield . The Learned Judge observing that he feared the prisoner had been led : away by bad characters , who were older than himself ; but he trusted that this would be a warning to him , and that when he had . undergone his punishment he would become an honest member of society . ;
FORGERY AT BAWTRY . WiUiam . Gravenor , 45 , was charged with having , on the 15 th of October last , ' . feloniously made and uttered a certain forged Bill of Exchange , with intent to defraud Sir Wilh " am Bryan ; Cook , of Doncaster . Mr . Kno-wles and Mr . Walker were for the prosecution Mr . Dundas and Mr . Baines defended the prisoner . Gravenor was formerly a respectable farmer at Hatfield , but ^ became a bankrupt . On the 15 th of October , a letter was received at the bank of Sir Wm . Cook , at Doncaster , which contained the bill in question . The prisonee and a
person named Iredale , entered the Bay Horse public house , in September last , which was kept by Mr . Richardson , and asked one of the landlord ' s 'sons to go into a room with them , which he did , The pri soner drew out two blank stamps to the young man > who had previously been in an attorney ' s office , and was consequently acquainted in some measure with Bills of Exchange . The young man drew put " the forms for him , and pointed put . to the-prisoner where he ought to sign his name . The latter then called for a glass of liquor , which the ybuth went to
bring ; in the meantime , one of his brothers * as called in , whom the prisoner requested to write a name for Ireland , as he could not write himself . Having never seen a bill before , he unhesitatingly signed his name , not knowing that it would do any injury . The name written at the foot of the bill was Wm . Ward , woolstapler ,. Halifax . About three weeks aftenvards , it was found that this bill was sent to Sir Wm . Cook ' s in a letter ; On-being presented for payment in London , it was dishonoured . " ' . ' ¦
Mr . Jackson appeared as the drawer of the bill , but neither him nor Mr . Ward could be fouad ; and it was discovered that the bill was a forgery . Mr . Ddndas , for the defence , contended that the prisoner ' s wife for some reason had signed the indorsement , wrote the letter , and sent the bill to the bank ; and , therefore , they could not convict the prisoner on the indictment . Tha Learned Counsel called witnesses to prove the -wife ' s hand-writing , but . the Jury found-tie prisoner Guilty , but recommended him to mercy . The court rose at seven o ' clock .
THURSDAY , March 15 , MURDER AT LEEDS BY A LUNATIC . Joseph Jrfga / s , 19 , was indicted for having wilfully murdered a boy named John-Webster , at Leeds ; When called upon to plead , the prisoner hesitated much , and at last-said " Gentlemen , I don ' t know what you can mean , I don ' t understand it . " -Persisting in this answer , the Jutv were sworn to examine whether the prisoner was in such a state of inind as to justify them in placing him at the bar for the
. Mr . Dundas and the Hon . J . Worti . e . y conducted ttte prosecution ; Mr . Baines was retained to defend the prisoner . The " Learned " Counsels called the prisoner ' s father , who proved that an accident which happened to his son when he was five years old , deprived him of reason . One of the neighbour ' s children threw a brick out of thewindovv which fell on the prisoner ' s head . ' His Lordship severely censured the father for allowing his son to'be out of safe confinement . Re attributed the negligence to his wife ; and his Lordship observed that this had been attended with toe loss of human life . '
Mr . Shepherd , the Governor of . the Castle , expressed hi . " ; opinion ( which was corroborated by one of the turnkeys , ) that the prisoner was of insane mind . - . . . Sir . Anderson , surgeon , deposed that when the prisoner came to the Castle ,- he laboured under strong excitement , but he was tetter , in consequence of the medical treatment he has received , although not yet of sound mind . . The Learned Judge—Where did you come from this morninff ?
Pr isoner—" From skillcy ; but a glass of ale would do me good now . It's a good thing . They call it s / cilley—it ' s broken out of my face . ( Laughter . ) His Lordship stated that the law wasj that no manshould be put upon his trial who was not a rational and reasonable being , and able to make his own defence . If the jury considered that he was not in such a state , they would detain the prisoner for life , or until he was of sound mind . The jury found the prisoner " Insane . "
MURDER AT FERRY FRYSTON . Robert Lowther , ; 39 , was charged on the coroner's inquest , with having , on the 20 th November , wilfully murdered Rylah Richardson , of Ferry Fi-yston . There was a second count in the indictment , charging the crime as manslaughter . Serjeant Atcherley , with whom was Mr . Read , having stated the case , called the following witnesses : — John Hobson , is a sawyer-at Ferrybridge , and knew the deceased , who was a butcher , about 70 years of age . The pr isoner is an illegitimate son of the deceased ' s wife . On the forenoon of the day
mentioned in the indictment , he heard the deceased and his wife quarrelling about their property . About four o ' clock , witness was called in to his tea by Mrs . Richardson . In that room there was also prisoner , himself and his son . The deceased came down stairs with his night cap on , drunk ; he seized the coal rake , which was beside the fender , and demanded of the prisoner what he was doing there ? The deceased held it up as if he was going to strike . The prisoner rose up , knocked the deceased down , and struck him several times . On his sitting down , old Richardson said he would go and fetch the constable , and on his going to the door , the prisoner jumped up , seized hold of the deceased , and said , D n thee , I'll give thee something to fetch
him for , striking him at the back of the headj and knocking him down on the threshold of the house . Prisoner then seized him by the legs ; and arms , and dragged him into the house—he took him by the hair of the head , and jovoled it against the stone floor , two or three times . Witness ' s son said to pr isoner— " For God ssake let the old man alone ; and we'll lift him from the fioor . " Prisoner replied " Let him get up ; its all his d—d stupidness . " He was lifted into the chair , > but never afterwards spoke . They asked him if he would have some tea , to which he made no reply ; and . Mrs . Richardson observed that he was holding his breath to kill himself . One of the family went for Mr . Laidman the constable , who found Richardson dead . ¦ '
Cross-examined . —Deceased was Intoxicated . Witness had assisted him to bed about one o ' clock that morning , when he was very drunk . He did not know whether the coal-rake hit the prisoner ; he warded off the blow with his left hand and struck the deceased with his right . The prisoner did so in the heat of passion . Mr . Hill , surgeon « f Knottingley , was called into the deceased on Saturday night , the 20 th of November , at Ferrybridge . He found him quite dead . He instantly tried to bleed him , but could
not get any blood from him . There was a scratch / on his face . The day following , he made a post mortem examination of the body " , and found four \) r five bruises on the back part of the head , apparently occasioned by a fall . On dissecting the integument and laying bare the skull ,- be discovered au effusion ol blood on one of the membranes , and on the sartace of the brain . The veins were turgid and full A concussion of the brain would occcasion the < : e appearances , and external vi 61 ence would occasion tne concussion , which caused death .
\ Cross-examined . —If the deceased was habitually intoxicated , it would cause some of those appearances . The coagulated blood in the lateral ven tricle was sufficient to cause death . A person in this state could not live more than two or three days , By the Jbdge— Prisoner was much ttp stxongeflt man j the deceased walked lame
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¦ ¦ James ^[ obsson , i ; sawyef at Fetry-bridge , and son of thes previous witness J % as Shortly exainined , tut his evidence presented no new facts , being merely cprrobbtary of tHei testimbny of his father . Ann Sawyer deposed , that she was a widow , and resided adjoining the deceased . Between fiur and five o'clock in the afternoon in quesifcibn ^ she heard 'a ^ great disturbance in RicKardson ^ s house , and went to the door , when she saw tne prisoner knock Richardson down / : as Jhe was patssing over the threshold . ; His head was partly laid but of the door , and the prisoner dragged , him by one of bjj
arms arid his head . She jtried to open the door , but it was inade fast . She shouted to Lowther , " Open the door , thou viHain--thoiu ' 8 killed the old man . ' While at the door , she heard MrsV Richardson telL the prisoner that he would have to W to York Castle ftr killing her husband . : ; Mr . Laidman , constable ; of Ferry-hridge , stated fliat ; lie was . called into the > deceased ' s bdiise between five and six o ' clock on the night in question ; but when he arrived , he found Richardson laid : dead .:. ¦" - ¦¦ ' ¦ . - ¦ ' -. - . ¦ . ¦ ' . •" ¦ ''" . - ' '¦ ¦ '" , ¦ ¦; " . - - : - " '" ' . ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ " ¦• • : ' ¦
Mr . Aldersbny a surgeon , > vas called in eorroboration of Mr . Hill ' s evidence , as to the examination of the deceased after death . Sir G . Lewik addressed the Jury on behalf of the prisoner , in a clear and forcible speech . ¦ It was evident , from the whole of the testiraoriy , that the unfortunate man was killed , nbt in the cruel , malicious , and premeditated manner which constituted the crime of murder , ; but : xa . heatecl ^ blood , and after considerable provocation . This being the case , he called upon them to do their duty to ¦ themselves , their God j and society at large , by acquitting the prisoner of the more awful and aggravated offence of murder . - ' ¦ : ' , "'¦¦ ¦ ' .. '¦ \ \ : r . " . "¦ . . " ••"' . ' " His Lordship having impartially summed upy the Jury retired , and after consulting about half an hour returned a verdict of Guilty .
The Learned Judoe passed sentence on the prisoner in a pathetic and feeling address . If the Jury had been of opinion that he was guilty of murder , it would have been his duty to pass the awful sentence of the law on him , and he would have expiated his crime on / the scaffold ; but they had relieved him from that painful duty , and the prisoner from the aMul punishment . The provocation he had receivedwas but slight ; and he would hot have it go abroady that any man could take away human life , and escape severe punishment . It appeared from the calendar , that but little value was set upon life . The state of society , :, amongst the lower orders , more resembled an uncivilized and barbarous
countrj-, than Christian England . What could be more shocking than the prisoner ' s conduct to the deceased ; he had sent a man drunk , despising the Sabbath , with all his sins upon his .. " ¦ " . head , unprepared into eternity . The deceased lifted up his hand with a coalrake against the prisoner , which lie wrested from him . Did that excuse the bvutal way in which the deceased was attacked by him ? ¦ ¦ Certainly . - iapU '' - He therefore trusted that on his bendiad knees he would implore forgiveness of the Almighty , and regulate his passions for the remainder of his days , remembering ; to what awful consequences their passions had led . The prisoner : was then seritenced " to be transported for life . " ' :. . ¦ ¦; ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦¦¦¦ . ' ¦
CHARGE OF ROBBERY . Joseph Soivdon , ( out on bail ) was charged with having , on the 31 st of August last , feloniously assaulted and , taken from the person of Mr . John Hargreaves , his purse and money , when near Bradford . He was almost immediately found "Not Guilty . " : " . / ' ;" ¦ . " . " '¦ : O . .- : ¦ : ' / THE liUEEN ¦ : V . THE INHABITANTS OF WARMFIELD was then called , but as no evidence was oiTered upon it , and acebrdingly a verdict of" Not Guilty" was entered for the defendants .
NEW POOR LAW IlIOTS AT BRADFORD . Joseph Tillotson , 20 , Wm . Wheatcr , 20 , Wm Brooks , , Joseph Greensmith , 19 , and Joseph Sirai / ie , 18 , wore charged on the oaths of James Sharp , Richard M ' Laine , George Inghiim , and others ; with having , on / the 20 th of November last , at Bradford , unlawfully , riotously , and tumultuously assembled together , niakinfi : a great noise , tumult , and disturbance to the great terror of the Queen's ' tsubjects . . Mr . Wasney and Mr . Lister were retained as counsel ' for the prosecution , and Mr . Dundas for the prisoners . / ,
On the Jury being called , Mr . Pitkethley and Mr . Stocks who h . v < Vbeen suininoned as Jurors , were amongst the numbers ; on which Mr . Wasney asked Mr . Pitkethloy if he did uot oppose the Poor Law , together with Mr . Oastler , ¦ at the time ^ hen the offence charged in the indictment was cominittecl On being answered in the aflirmative , the Learned Counsel objected , on the part of the Crown ^ totheir remaining in the box > . The Learned Judge stated that he had no doubt but that those gentle-inert ¦ ¦ would , deliver perfectly unbiassed , and conscientious verdictSj without reference to their opinions *
Mr . Pitkethley and Mr . Stocks , however , preferred withdrawing from the jury box , so as to be free from any imputation or suspicion of ¦ ¦ this nature . Two other jurymen were then ernpanneljed . ¦ The prisoners ( with the exception of Wh ' eater , ) pleaded guilty ; and against him no evidence was offered , He was , therefore ,, discharged . - Mr . Wasney , for the prosecution , recommended the other four prisoners to the merciful consideration of the Court , on the ground of the great
excitement that prevailed when the offence was committed , The Learned Judge then Sentenced the prisoners to "One Month ' s ImprisonmenL" in York Castle , remarking that should any similar disturbance again occur , the law would be found strong enough to meet the case of the guilty parties , and suppress those riots * Whatever might be the opinion of any number of persons as to the operation of any Act of Parliament , they had no right to resist its execution , but endeavour to procure its repeal .
Benjamin Garside was then charged , on two indictments , with having received goods , knowing them to have been stolen , but no case was offered for the " prosecution , and the prisoner was therefore discharged . . . / / ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦'¦ ' . ' ¦• ' ¦ ¦ ¦ : •• ¦ ' . ' ¦ . / - '' . '¦" ¦ At the rising of the Court , the following prisonerSj who had been previously convicted , were sentenced : —Elds JSfichollSy and William Gravenor , to fifteen years' transportation ; Jqc / cson , to twelve riionths ' hard labour in Wakefield House of Correction ; Fowler , j formanslaughter at Middlesborough ^ ^ twelve months' imprisonment ; and Crubtreey who pleaded guilty to a Wrglary at Idle , to twelve months j and Wheater , to eighteen months' hard labour in Wakefield House of Correctiori . The criminal Dusiness is concluded , with the exception of an assault case .
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NISI PRIUS COURT—Tuesday , March 13 . CARTER : AND bTHEIl 8 ^« . CARR . Mr . Alexander and Mr . Hoggins for the plaintiff ; and Mr . CiiESSWELL for the defendant . The action wa § to recover £ 85 , the balance of au account due from the trustees of the Gomersal and Pewsbury turnpike road , for stone and materials , towhich the defendant pleaded that they were not liable . The case was entirely destitute of public interest . "Verdict ; for 'the Plaintiff - ^ Damages , the Sum souglit . " WEDNESDAY , March 14 , . . Justice Patteson took his seat this morning at nine o ' clock , preciselyi
OH thfe application of Sir G , Lewin , the case of Queen u . Barrett and others , an assault at Harrogate , was postponed till next assizes , in consequence of the absence of ainaterial witness .
-. " . "• .-. , LANCASTER U . WALSH . Mr . Alexander and Mr . Watson were for the plaintiff , a weaver , residing at Southowram , near Halifax ; MrvCRESWELL and Mr . ApfiisON \ fpf'ithe defendant , a fiuisherkt Halifax , The action was to recover £ 20 , a public reward , for giving certain informatiori that might lead to the conviction of the parties , vvhd committed a highway robbery to which /; defendant' ; . piead ^ . ' 'that ^ th& ;~ plaintiff-4 id '' . 'hot give the information by which the notes were traced . On the twenty-fifth of July , 1835 , as Mr . Walsh was returning home late at riight , he Was robbed of two Bank of . England notes and other monies , when
he directed bills ; to be printed , and an advertisement inserted in the newspapers , as follows : — " £ 20 reward ; Whereas ; on Saturday night last , two Bank of England notes and other monies were stolen from the person of ^ Mr . Richard Walsh , on his way to Halifax ; whoever will give such information as may lead tp the ^ notes being traced , shall , on conyictibn of the parties , receive the above reward . " Dated July 29 . On the 5 th of August , the plaintiff went to Mr * Walsh , in company / with a friend of his named Mplyneux , the watchman of a factory at Halifax .
Mr . Lancaster ; stated ' that on the night of Robbery , four men knocked / at the ^ door of his house ^ on which he went to the window . He saw there four men , who asked him to tell them what tyiro pieces of paper were , which they put in the "window . Lancaster went , to the . fire , and afterwards lighted a candle he told them they were a £ 50 : and a £ 30 Bank of England bills , scratching the numbers with a ' " pipestopper " oh ; the ; hearth-stone , which he afterwards transferred to the plaster on the wall . - Walsh asked him who the men were ; he said there was Burn Brook , Pyspn , and a'mafi whom he thought was Hanson , ; The "defendant thensaid that thfe was the
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first information he had received ; and immediately sent for Mr . ; Brearey , the confltaWe , to whom the / plaintiff ^ communicated these particulars , -and in consequence of v ? hieh ; the persons whom he named w ^ ere apprehended . The magistrates , hovreveri did not consider the evidence sufficient ^ and discharged the prisoners . Some time afterwards Dyson was sent into the custody of Mr . Iilingworth * the deputy constable of Wakefield ^ to whom he confessed that he and : ; some others committed the / roDbery ^ ^ and gave . ' , ; ample : l ' . -evi 3 ; enc ' . e '" . to ' secure his own conviction . Dyson was accprdingly cominitted to York Castle ; and ; on the trial at ' the Lent Assizes , in 1836 , the plaintiff attended hefoVe
the Grand . Jury , and when the prisoner / came into Court he pleaded Guiltyj judgment of death was recorded against him , and he was subsequently tranBpqrted . On the 5 th of March , Lancaster claimed the reward , by Mr . Holroyde , his solicitor ; ten days afterwards , Mr . Illingworth , the deputy constable of Wakefield , also demanded ft ; and Mr . Brearey also set up a claim to it . Mu Illingworth served the defendant with a Writ of Action ; when Mr . Walsh applied to the Court of Exchequer for
protection under the interpleader act , asking that he might be allowed to pay the : £ 20 into the hands of the officer of the Court , and that the parties themselves might decide to whom it properly belonged . They declined this , leaying every man at liberty to fight his own battles , and the Court ; therefore , refused to interferei Mr . Illiugworth , however , ' abandoned the action that he had previously brought . Under these circumstances , he submitted that the plaintiff was clearly entitled to their verdict .
Mr . Molyneux detailed the infoTHiation given by the plaintiff as stated by the Learned Counsel in his opening speech . ' Mr . Brearey was also called in support of those : facts . " . ; - . " . ' . ¦ , ' :: ' ¦¦¦ ; ; / . '¦ . / " . . ¦ . ¦ .. - ' . ¦ . ' . .. Mr . CresSWELL argued that the plaintiff had not proved that his information led to the notes being traced . His Lordship did not consider this necessary ; 911 which the learned counsel put it to the Jury that the person who went to the banks , stopped the notes , and apprehended those who presented them for payment , was entitled to the reward . He could not call Mr . Briggs , who received thisinformatipn and acted upon it , as he was confined to his bed by a seribus accident , but he should call a
person by whom , it was given , which was ex ; tremely inconvenient to the publlciuterest , but ' -which :: he ' :. was driven to do , in consequence of an application for his evidence being taken in writing , having been opposed and refused . Mr . Cresswell then called Mr . Illingworth , who stated that in consequence of seeing this advertisement , he went and found that the notes had been cushed b y the Northern and Central Bank . From information he received , he apprehended two men named Thackwray and Nicholl , who were identified by the banker ' s clerk , as the men who had got the notes cashed . On the sarae evening , he went to Halifax , in search of the men who committed the robbery , and took Nicholl with him . He saw Mr . Brearey , and communicated the circumstance to him ; Thackwray and Nicholl were
examined betore the magistrates , and they gave a description of the men from whom they receivei the notes . About a fortnight afterwards , Dyson was brought over to him at Wakefield . Eleazar Clark , resides at Great Horton , near Bradford ; after tearing : ' bf the robbery at Halifax Dyson told him that he and Burn , Broolc , and Hanson , had committed it , and obtained a £ 50 and a £ 30 note . He told that p Mr . Biigg the , week after the robbery . Dyson went from hpme in a few days . Lancaster came over , and asked him if Dysou was at home ; he-told witness be was to have £ 5 for reading the bills . When D yson came back , he was apprehended by Mr . Brigg . /¦ ' . " .-. Cross-examined .- ^ Burn lived at Halifax , and Brook at Sheffield . Witness is a wool-comber .
Mr . Alexander replied , observing that when Mr , Illingworth brought . his action , the defendant said the reward belonged to the plaintiff ; and when he claimed it then , it . ' was said that / Mr . Brigga Wasentitled to it . It reminded him of the old fable of the mail who stole some meat , and gave it to . his compauion to put under hiri coat ; when charged with it , thefirst said he had not the meat , and the last that > 'he would be hanged if he had stole the meat . " ( Laughter . ) After commenting on the evidence , the learned counsel submitted that the substantial information on which Dyson . -was apprehended , and subsequently convicted , originated with Mr . Lancaster . ¦ - ¦ ' ¦ .:. ( Cmtmued in our third pu $ e . )
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All Agents for the Northern Star are hereby noticed , that if they do not send their remlttftnccs ¦ vpon the receipt oj their accounts , their Paper for the following week wilt be stopped . This tve do in order that our readers may know > to whom blame , in case of disappointmenty should be attached . TJnion between Whigs and Radicals . —It so happens { hat a certain Whig Bank Director has threatened one of our most efficient Agents -with an ejectment from hispremises , —and , as stated , for no other reason than he sells Radical Newspapers . Let him try it , and we icill run the " Star "against the baiik for a trifle .
We have been reluctantly obliged to postpone the able addresses of Messrs . Harney , Neeso ? n , and Ireland , upon their mthdrawalfrom the Working Men's Association : of London , from the . great : press of assize news and other local matter . We have also been compelled io postpone the address to Mr . O'Connor , upon the subject of the recent attack of the London Working Men's Association , from , his excellent and steady friends vf Preston , Barnstey , Worsborongh , and other places , ,
The Sun newspaper refused to insert Mr . O'Connor ' s Reply to the London Working Men , although Mr . O'Connor offered to pay for it as an advertisement . It will be recollected thai that paper puMishcd the charges . So much for the spirit of the public journals I Mr . O'Connor hereby gives notice , that on or about the : 1 st day of November next , he will establish the "EVENING STAR >> inXondon , tobe con , ducted , in conjunction with , the Northern Star by Messrs . O'Connor , O'Brien , and Hill . Huddersfield ! brave Huddersjiclu ' , ! has offered £ 5 Q 0 to < begin !! We will turn pie Savings' Banks 1 money into a national press fund . It is said and it shall be done .
The working men sent a copy of their charges to Me Leeds Times , but did not send a copy of Mr . O'Connor ' s " reply , although he left the matter purposely in time . The working men of Liverpool are welcome to the " Star . . ; " we send the tiumbcr required . They shall appoint their own agents ; we never / idve been deceived by their order . When the weather is settled , Mr . O'Connor will visit his friends at Liverpool . The press of Assize Intelligence compels its to do violence to our inclination ; in setting aside several valuable communications till next week . Amongst which we are sorry to include the excellent letters of Frazer , of Edinburgh , and Mr ; Richardson , of Manchester *
0 . B . R . — -His lines have been received . We have not yet had time to read them . Our Halifax Correspondent , for tchose industry we beg to return our thanks , will greatly . oblige the Compositors by , as often Jus convenient writing on only one side of the paper . Several other Correspondents may also convenience us by an attention to this hint . Abraham Hanson . —The letter to Lord Sowick cannot appear this week . We cannot promise *¦ : ¦ 'it for next weeky but will *« y ;
The high-flown poetical compliments of M . M . O . of "Flash / Hall , " were somewhat dear at the postage . We suspect it was intended as a hoax ; if so , the wag is deceived . He has not cheated its but the post office . A host oj ' poetical' dnd other Correspondents must really 'excuse ¦ ¦ ¦ u s . ^ ? R . S .- ^ Wc advise him to give up writing poetry \ It is evidently nothisforte . ¦ . :, If we do not hear from Mr . Millar , oyr Glasgow agentywsshu . ll ' stop his papers next week , }'
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LANDLORDS' IJTI ^^ ¦¦ -: ; C ; , ' .: ' - / S ^ ARE ; pF . ^ HE 3 LAi «); . -f ; i ;; ¦ : . W ' / At all public meetingS j when there exists a desirs to placeithe people in their / most formidable valuable ^ and proud position ^ they are pompousl y designated as « the producers of all wealth ; " ^ ut as we have ever been taughtvto look upon the working man as the mjpst ; estimable being in ex . istehce , we should be ; sorjry that ^ Ms every claim to protection ^ distinction , -. a ^ id ^^ admiratipn | rested upon his simple power of production , by mere manual
labour . In facty the working ; classes are much more valuable to their oppressors as consumers , than even to their employers as producers ; Therefore , in order to place this portion of ; sbeiety in its real position , let us take a view of th » advantages which : " man , as producer and consumer , confers upon those " classes who maJie jnerchandize of him in their respective capacities . Thepower which a combina - tion of capitalists has upon the r « igulation of th ^ price of labour , ; is a subject which tas been : ? hacknied , till &t length the iabourer has discovered
that his only ^ property—and , after all , his is the only real property ^ upon earth—is capable of being affected by every whim and caprice of the speculator ; and is made , in a great measure , to depend upon a currency which is always a iictibn , and yet to 1 which labour , the only realityj is invariably made subseryient ; We leave man , poor man , for / a moment , in his most degraded state , as an instrument of production j for the support , of the wants , the ; comfortsj and the luxuries of his chance-horn ' superior . We draw a momentary veil over tha
whole abyss of poverty into which the presumptuous and abused power , monopoly , and confiscation / of the few , has plunged ; the dependent / order ; We leave the care-worn art hand-loom weaver , the ; anatomized : ¦ ' living skeleton of a factory operative , the agricultural slave the able tradesman depending upon weather for the exercise of his craft , and upon the regulation of
capitalists for the reward of his toil . We leave the whole tribe of-slaves , as ^ producew , and / shall exhibit them as consumersi When the capitalist employs a man to work , he certainly speculates to some extent ; he does embark his capital in raw . material , duty taxation , and labour ;' : but we submit , as an illustratipn of our pojition , the condition in which large landed proprietors are placed , without any risk or speculation . We instance the towns of Hudders- /
field , Qldham , Stockportj Ashton , Staley : Bridge and other places ; which , from speculation in ; trade and eommercej may have sprung in to rapid exist- / ence . The inhabitants of such tovyns , as coiisuniers at once confer the benefit upon the landlord not only as to ground rent , but also as to the increased value , which all contiguous property receives from the consumption of the working classes . We shall suppose the proprietor to be a Datural born idiot ; a creature gone to ttie south of France , to recover the effects of dissipation , or exhaustiftn from too
frequent drafts , upon / the luxuries produced by the people ; or a lunatic whose affairs are in the hands of his committee ; or aresident in the back settlements of America , Now , ; ' . bw indifferent must be that state of things , which presses upon the valua- / hie portion of society , while they thus tend to enrich the idle portion , without : any , ; even ! the slightest venture , exertion , risk or speculation / upon their part . We shall certaiul y , not be considered as exorbitant , or extravagant , if we suppose the land in the immediate neighbourhood , of Hudto
dersfieldj Qldhamj arid Stocfcpor : ^ have been increased by £ 20 , 000 per annum , by the . erection of . the town and the consumption of the working classes . When we take into consideration the villas , the pleasure-grounds , the ; paddocks , ; the : ¦ ¦ town-fields ,- the vegetable gardens , ; the increased . value of land even employed in the production of grosser produce , from its proximity , to a market
£ 20 , 000 a-year is a very low rate of increased value . It must / be borne in mind , that no man , with readymade money—no half-pay officer-r-ho retired eoihmercial man—no rich old maid—no wsalthy spendthrift , or rich debauchee , from choice resides within the precincts of a manufacturing town ; and that , ; therefore , unlike Bath , : Brighton , Leamington j or Hastings , the residents depend upon the exertions of the labourer , for the very means of subsistence . The
profit which is to . be made o £ ' a 61-days | -bill , speculated in labour , frequently composes -the ! fitobk-intrade of the speculator . We add to the frugesconsumere nati—that is , those- who consume without producing—the many shopmen and other intermediate links which exist in those towns ,: between the speculator and the labqurery and who ; bne and all - like the absentee landlord , ( and it makes little difference whether the landlord is an absentee or not , in
this instance ) , live upon the people as consumers . We shall now divide the £ 20 , 000 a-yearj produced fbrthe landlords by the consumption of the producers , Without ^ y speculation , exertion , risk , efibrt , return on the part of fee said drones , and see towhat extent according to the Robbery-and-Beggar ' sJ >; sh Act , it would provide for the unwilling / idlers of the neighbourhood . Let us ; suppose £ 5 per annum , per head , for the maintenance of each
pauper , and the £ 20 , 000 of increased rent ; produced by the consumers , would furnish that amount for every / day / in /" the year to four thousand individuals ; Thus / then , do v ? e establish bur oft-repeated ; assertion ^ namely , that poor laws are only rendered necessary by theusurpatioh ofthat property which ^ legitimately belongs tp the working classes . Added to the increased value of the land , all ; the articles of life are raised upon the consumers , by placing them upon an exact footing as regards taxation ^ with their / wealthier neighbours . ¦;[ Lighting ^ cleansing / watching , paving , police , water-rate ,: niarket-tolV
and all other imposts , which are estimated by a scale , suiting the comforts of the rich ; are : entailed with equal expense upon the poor . Of ; what advantage is a well paved ; toyijn to /^ hose ' who seldom tread , save upon Ihe floor of the cotton-factory ? : Of what heriefiVis the brilliant gas-light t < i him who mopes bis way with half-closed eye from his dea of slavery to ^ iiscouch of inisery R Of what value is the protection of a ruffianrpolice to hini who has no rights to he protected ? In ^ short , whereia is the advantage of taxation to that portion of society who have no participation in its benefiig y but wlvbwe compelled to supply its amount for the comforte of others ? As too great minuteness cannot be observed in
proving our position we will exhibit the relative csindition of a population , wholesomely ^ spread over 5 , 000 acres , and the condition of the same popula ' t iph , say 20 , 000 congregated in a town . Suppose 5 , 000 acres of landworth £ 1 per acre in its usually employed agricultural Condition ; the erection of a town in the centre , of that quantity will increase the rent hy atleast £ 20 ^ 000 a year . In the tw ? n the inhabitant , ' ¦ / & we have shewn , are ' liable to
the rich man ' s scale of taxation , land are > bligea V * every instance to contribute their ^^ tiota to the support of institutions from which they : derive no benefit , but rather suffer damage . Id the . country district , the people are relieved * om market-toll ? , frbm ^ the ; increased price for ^ carriage ^ from the > hop-Kfieper's profit upon articles , which can he purchased directly from the growiers , from those taxes which go ; but tb increase / the / comforts of the ; rieh , as well % . from ; nrany . other chaTgesv But ^ then , we inay
Sen^Mal ^Arltatjwnt. R •—*— ¦ » . "
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Untitled Article
• 1 " ' ' " " " " " " " ' ¦
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 17, 1838, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct997/page/4/
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