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a mrdinff to accounts from . Galatz the Russian Go-> nfc has ordered surveys to be made with the view T ^ construction of an electric telegraph between St . p ° SSbSff and the ports of the Black Seft . The Austrian T 7 »^ anticipates a connexion betwe en this line when « wpd and the Austrian , either by way of Czernowitz ff %££ h Bessarabia and Wallachia , . . .
PERKIN WARBECK AMONG THE PISHES . W hiib England and America are disputing about the North American fisheries , a new claimant steps in . The Earl of Stirling claims to be the owner of all the fishes in those seas in right of his ancestor Sir William Alexander , of Menstrie , Scotland , Viscount of Canada , Viscount and Earl of Stirling , and Earl of Dovan , to whom royal charters under the great seal were granted , which were recognised and confirmed by the act of Parliament in the presence of King Charles I . These are all on record at Edinburgh : — 10 th September , 1621 . —Original charter of Nova Scotia . _" ¦ _ .
12 th July , 1625 . —Charter of Nova Damtis , of the lands , lordship , and barony of Nova Scotia . 3 rd May , 1627 . —Charter of the country and dominion of New Scotland . 2 nd February , I 628 . —Original charter of Canada , including fifty leagues of "bounds on both sides of the Eiver St . Lawrence and the Great Lakes . These charters gave the Earl of Stirling vast political and administrative powers . He was made his Majesty ' hereditary lieutenant-general over the whole countries of Nova Scotia and Canada . He was also
made justice-general , high admiral , lord of regality , and hereditary steward . The power was conferred upon him of making officers of state and justice , of conferring titles of honour , of coining money , and the privilege of making laws concerning the public state and good government of the country . He had the power of appointing one hundred and fifty baronets , called Baronets of Nova Scotia , who were to take precedence of all other baronets . Under this power the first earl actually made over one hundred baronets ; nearly fifty of the present baronets in Great Britain hold their titles from patents granted by the first Earl of Stirling . The charters of Nova Scotia and Canada give to
Lord Stirling , his heirs and assigns , the complete right of fishing within six leagues of the shore , on precisely the coasts which we have relinquished ; an extent of coast over three thousand miles in length . The charter of Nova Scotia , after giving the boundaries of the country granted , including New Brunswick , proceeds in these words : — " Including and comprehending within the said coasts and their circumference , from sea to sea , all the continents , with rivers , brooks , bays , shores , islands , or seas lying near or within six leagues of any part of the same , on the west , north , or east side of the coasts ; and from the south-east , where lies Cape Breton , and the south part of the same , where
is Cape Sable , all tho seas and islands southward Avithin forty leagues of the coasts thereof , " &c . And the charter proceeds to grant to Sir William Alexander , his heirs or assigns , among other things , all " marshes , lalces , waters , fisheries , as well in salt water as in fresh , of royal fishes , sis of others , " &c . —( " marressius lacubus aquir piscationibus am in aqua salsa quain rcceuti tam regalim piscium quain nliorum" ) . The charter also refers to undertakings which tho grnntee may make with " divert ? of our subjects and others , who probably shall enter into contracts with him nnd hia heirs , assignees , or deputies , for lands , fisheries , " &c . ¦ It in alleged that ,
1 . Courts of competent jurisdiction have judicially established that tho present Eurl of Stirling is lineally deluded from tho first Kurl of Stirling , and tho real licii 1 to hi . s titles and (( states . 2 . Tho titles of tho present Karl of Stirling have '"• on ofticially recognised on tho most solemn occasions 111 England and Scotland . [ \ in further alleged that tho Kurl of Stirling ' s namo was inserted upon tho grout roll of tho Peers of Scotland in 18 ; u , n voll inscribed in tho archives of tho
ynyr afc Edinburgh , drawn up by ordor of tho IIouso <> ' Lords , entered upoU its register , and transcribed » l >< m its minutes . Since that period tho Karl of Stir-J "g Iiuh voted H ain ! tt U » o general elections of 1835 " »< l 1837 . His namo is hIho entered on tho list of thoso peers who competed at those elections—lints ro-«) nU . d ;„ tho royal archives of tho Upper tlouso . , '" "" ' Ul (! 8 ° I'HtH results tho proof that from 1825 to IM . J 7 tluj jn-esent lO . irl of Stirling , always recognised in ' »« rights , voted during a period of twelve yearn sis a 1 « hu- of Scotland , without oilectivo protect .
Lord Stirling and hi . s friendu uro ut Washington , ulung legal . slops to assert his right by force of uriiiH , Jll « i thus bring tho question to an inane . We will Watch wi ( ' "ltorest thin legitimate monarch of North America , or "Smyth" of tho fisheries . ¦ Indee d , tho pretence of tho Karl of Stirling in alread y exposed by u writer in one of tho daily papers , who
remembers the trial of the said " Earl of Stirling" for forgery . He claimed the earldom , and put forth papers and maps to establish the claim . " One incident in the course of the trial made , I remember , a great impression at the time . Among the documents which Mr . Alexander produced in proof of his descent , and which the Crown alleged to be forgeries / was a French map of Canada , bearing th , e date of a given year and the imprint of a well-known map designer of the reign of Louis XIV ., who designated himself ' designer to the King / On the back of this map were written in holograph observations by most of the
eminent Frenchmen of that day—among others , by Archbishop Fenelon and by Louis himself—all bearing upon the grant made by Charles I . to the Earl of Stirling , one of them quoting the words of the royal charter , and Fenelon going so far as to say that if ever Canada ( then a French province ) should fall into the hands of the English , the descendants of Lord Stirling would have more interest in the conquest than the English monarch himself . The year in which the map was published , as well as the name and office of the designer , were inserted at the bottom . There was no doubt that in the year so mentioned all the parties
whose names were on the back were alive , and might therefore have written the observations assigned to them . But a gentleman from the office of the Public Archives in Paris was produced on the trial , to prove from official documents that the map designer in question did not receive the royal appointment till ten years after the date in question . How , then , was it to be explained that this map with the early date bore the late title ? Very simply . It was proved to have been a common practice with this artist , when he received his appointment from the King , to subject the plates
of his maps to a process well known among engravers , by winch ' , without altering other parts of the plate , or even his name , his former designation was punched out , and that of map designer to the Kiug substituted in its place . The map on which such important consequences hung , therefore , was in reality ten years at least later in date than the year mentioned at the bottom indicated , and this simple fact was fatal to the whole scheme . For in the ten years between the apparent date and the real one , most of the persons whose holographs were on its back , and Archbishop Fenelon among the number , had died . "
This " tracing" may not be unuseful to our American friends , if they suspect that their friend is not Stirling after all .
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THE LORD CHIEF JUSTICE AND THE PARISH PRIEST . Lord Campbell has come out in the part of an Irish landlord with great eclat and indeed jovial splendour . He has visited his Galway estates this week , and gave a pleasant feast to his tenantry . The Honourable Mary Campbell was present with her ^ father ; tho tenantry were all in holiday attire , and , quoth the Irish reporter , " nothing could exceed the decorum and hilarity which prevailed throughout , the entire proceedings . The setting sun streamed in through two open windows , and shed a flood of golden light on tho beautiful landacapo without , which imparted to the scene a charm of fairy loveliness unsurpassed in any clime . " But beside this fairy loveliness in the mind's evo of our po etical friend , tho occasion seems to have been really happy . Tho best speech was by tho parish priest , a vory singular Irish priest indeed , for ho said he confessed diffidence ; said that was the first time ho had ever taken part in a festive scene , and called himself humble . But what ho said is worth reprint in itself ; though tho sentiment overflows thoro is something good at the- bottom : — " This is , my friends , a glorious day for your country ; it is an ovont full of joy and gladness to us all ; it in , I am sorry to say , an event of vory rare oeeun-onco in this part ; of tho we rid to hoo tho lord of tho soil—ono of tho highest noblemen in her Majesty ' s dominions , Heated at tho festive board at tho head of hia tenantry , and with an humblo priest at his side , dispensing with a noblo und ^ onerous hand tho fruits of that , wealth which ho possesses . I hopo this day my friends is a now epoch in tho annals of modern landlordism . It teaches a lesson , and it proclaims
a fact which I hopo others will learn and practise , and which carries out tho truth of what wo havo boon often told , that there is in the Scottish and Englinh nobleman a hindnoHH of heart for , and a nympathy of feeling with tho tenants and dependants under them . Let , my lord , your tenantry on tho Moyeulloii estate on joy tho advantages of tho English and Hootch tenantry—lot them fool that they are unuor tho protecting und auspicious influence , of a paternal landlord—let thorn only on joy tho means und facilities of becoming a solvent and independent tenantry lot them onjoy tho fruits of their honci ; t and hard-earned indufltry —( ' Hoar , hear , ' from Lord Campbell)—my head on tho block , my lord , if you do not find these men afl hard-working , "" lahorious , as willing , and as ready to dincharge their obligations to you , as any other tenantry on tho face of tho earth . ' ( Ones of " Wo will , " and immense cheering . ) Lord Cainpboll ' d own renmrkri did not full far uhorfc
in warm-heartedness , and an enthusiasm almost Irish . He praised the " Christian pastor , " promised not to eject poor tenants , blamed proselytism , but sandwiched earnest praise of the Queen ' s Colleges , and said the Pope was " adorned with almost every Christian virtue . " The following passage deserves-quotation :- — " I should , perhaps , think that advantages might arise to me from having my , estate divided into larger holdings than it is at present ; but I trust in God I shall never bring that about by either evictions or any harsh measure whatsoever . ( Loud cheering . ) I believe , gentlemen , that
where an emigration is voluntary , where it is the spontaneous wish of those who go and leave their near and dear relations , and seek in a foreign clime that prosperity which they despair of finding at home , it may be for their advantage , and for the advantage of those who remain , because there always follows a greater demand for labour ; wages are higher , and employment more abundant . I believe , gentlemen , that where the holdings are very small , it would be for the benefit of the tenant sometimes , instead -of having a miserable patch of land on which he bestows his labour for a few weeks
of the year , and remains idle for the remaining portion , especially when the winter sets in , during which time he remains unemployed , that he should be engaged as a labourer during the whole year round , having an earning of two shillings or half-a-crown a day , which would maintain his family more comfortably than the poor . patch of land on -which he is striving to drag out an existence . "When any of you , having small tenements , are v / illing to surrender them that they may be conjoined with other tenements , and when out of these there may be a large farm formed , I shall rejoice , but God forbid that I shall
ever sanction the turning out of a family for such a purpose , not knowing where they shall lay their heads , or , if worse should not befal them , compelling them to go into the workhouse for relief . ( Loud cheers . ) I wish , gentlemen , to make one or two further observations with regard to the views which I hold as your landlord , as I understand it has been the custom on the property of which I am not the owner , both in Moycullen and Barna , to use the influence of the proprietor in parliamentary elections for both the town and county of Galway . Now , I tell you , that I never will interfere with your exercise of the elective franchise . " ( Immense cheering . ) ¦
Towards the close of the evening the proceedings became still more convivial . Lord Campbell ' s son proposed " the ladies of Moycullen , " and Lord Campbell himself said he wished he could stay all night . He then proposed the health of the parish priest , and praised him highly . "He will not allow weeds to grow up ; he will root them from the soil ; he will then sow the good seeds of the Gospel , which , with the blessing of God , will bring forth fruit abundantly . " The evening ended happily , and the tenantry seemed thankful—a little too thankful perhaps , considering the present value of the working man .
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ALLEGED SALE OF INDIAN PATRONAGE . TnE charge against Mr . Norman Wilkinson of having attempted to purchase a situation in the gift of tho East India Company was heard at the Mansion House on Monday . , Mr . W . A . Wilkinson , the member for Lambeth , and brother to the accused , was called by the counsel for the Company , but he persistently refused to tell the name of " the party" whom his brother had mentioned as concerned in the incip ient negotiation for the sale of a place . He said that ho knew the name but would not give it . In reply to tho counsel for his brother , Mr . Wilkinson explained that his brother on being satisfied of the illegality of the proposed proceeding had at once resolved to havo " nothing more to do with it . " The summons has been dismissed , there being no proof of where tho alleged ofl'enco was committed . Mr . Clarkson then asked , on behalf of tho Company , that Mr . William Arthur Wilkinson should bo committed for contumacy in not answering the question as to tho namo of the person who entered into the negotiation with his brother , but the . Lord Mayor decided that for such a proceeding there should bo grounds for believing that tho witness is likely to give material evidence and will not voluntarily attend . But ho has voluntarily attended , and frankly answered all material questions . Tho application was , therefore , refused .
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MIL NORTON'S DEFENCE . Mr . Nohton lms stilted his case in tho puper . H , " compelled" by the late publications " to break the silence which tho forboiirnnco of seventeen yeivrn has made habitual to me . " His being deprived of a hearing in the police-court also induces this course , for all in court wero " overpowered by Mrs . Norton ' s demeanour . " " None who witnessed that ; hcouo can forgot it to their lives' end—all must romomber it an tho most splendid piece of acting over exhibited , however much tho sober mind of England must revolt against the disgrace of a court of jiiHtico being turned into the stage of Drilryluno . "
Mr . Norton then at length states tho history of tho caso . Tho first , memorandum was not binding : nnd ono of its stipulations was not observed , as people havo frequently applied to Mr . Norton for puymont of hia wlfo ' a dobta . Mm . Norton , in 1852 , denied tlmt eho
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August 27 , 1853 . ] THE LEADEE . 821
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 27, 1853, page 821, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2001/page/5/
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